Cascade hydropower station reservoir water level prediction and early warning method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a cascade hydropower station reservoir water level prediction and early warning method and device, and the method comprises the steps: calculating the starting and load distribution conditions of each unit in an upstream hydropower station at each moment according to an upstream hydropower station load plan curve; calculating the total ex-warehouse flow of the upstream hydropower station based on the calculated load distribution condition and the gate opening state; performing time delay on the total ex-warehouse flow of the upstream hydropower station by using the flow transfer delay factor to serve as the total in-warehouse flow of the downstream hydropower station; according to the load plan curve of the downstream hydropower station, calculating the total ex-warehouse flow of the downstream hydropower station; the reservoir capacity change condition of the downstream hydropower station is calculated through the algebraic sum of the total reservoir inflow and the total reservoir outflow of the downstream hydropower station, and the reservoir outflow water level change is calculated based on the reservoir capacity change; and drawing a reservoir water level change curve according to reservoir water level change, and comparing the reservoir water level change curve with set water level early warning parameters to realize water level early warning. Early warning can be provided for water level out-of-limit of the downstream hydropower station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydropower station early warning, and in particular to a method and device for predicting and early warning water levels of cascade hydropower station reservoirs. Background Art

[0002] As an important form of renewable energy generation, the operation and management of hydropower plants are of great significance to ensure the stability of power supply, efficient use of water resources and environmental protection. The power generation plan and gate discharge operation of hydropower plants are key factors affecting the changes in reservoir water levels. Accurately predicting the changes in water levels in the next 24 hours is crucial for the optimized operation and safe management of hydropower plants.

[0003] In the existing operation and management of hydropower plants, the formulation of power generation plans mainly relies on manual experience and historical data. Although it can reflect the relationship between power demand and reservoir water storage to a certain extent, its prediction accuracy and flexibility need to be improved in the face of complex and changeable hydrological and meteorological conditions and the comprehensive deployment of the spot power market. At the same time, the gate flood discharge operation also mainly relies on manual judgment and preset flood discharge strategies, lacking scientific and accurate prediction methods, which may lead to problems such as excessive fluctuations in reservoir water levels, untimely or excessive flood discharge in actual operations, affecting the operating efficiency and safety of hydropower plants.

[0004] The prior art has the following problems:

[0005] It is difficult to adapt to the current situation of the in-depth development of the electricity market: With the in-depth development of the electricity market and the full rollout of the electricity spot market, large and medium-sized hydropower plants are clearing their output in real time in the spot market. This is the current situation of the electricity market. It is difficult for cascade hydropower plants to accurately measure the water volume and water level in a timely manner when the planned curve changes, obtain the water level changes in the future, and issue early warnings.

[0006] Reservoir water level management is difficult: Since the timeliness of water level calculation cannot meet the requirements, reservoir water level management becomes more difficult, and power generation plans and flood discharge strategies need to be adjusted frequently, increasing operating costs and management difficulty. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

[0008] To this end, the first purpose of this application is to propose a method for predicting and warning the water level of a cascade hydropower station reservoir.

[0009] The second object of the present application is to provide a device.

[0010] The third objective of the present application is to provide an electronic device.

[0011] A fourth objective of the present application is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0012] A fifth object of the present application is to provide a computer program product.

[0013] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first embodiment of the present application proposes a method for predicting and warning the water level of a cascade hydropower station reservoir, comprising:

[0014] Under the automatic setting condition, according to the load planning curve of the upstream hydropower station, the startup and load distribution of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at each moment are calculated;

[0015] Calculate the total outflow from the upstream hydropower station based on the calculated load distribution and gate opening status;

[0016] Using the flow transfer delay factor, the total outflow of the upstream hydropower station is delayed in time as the total inflow of the downstream hydropower station;

[0017] Calculate the total outflow of the downstream hydropower station according to the load planning curve of the downstream hydropower station;

[0018] The change in the reservoir capacity of the downstream hydropower station is calculated by the algebraic sum of the total inflow and the total outflow of the downstream hydropower station, and the change in the outflow water level is calculated based on the change in the reservoir capacity;

[0019] Draw the reservoir water level change curve according to the reservoir water level change, and realize water level warning by comparing it with the set water level warning parameters.

[0020] Optionally, the calculation of the startup and load distribution of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at each moment includes:

[0021] According to the capacity of the unit and the minimum number of units in stable operation, the required number of units in operation and the automatically generated load distribution are calculated, where the load of a single unit = total active load of the whole plant / number of units in operation.

[0022] Optionally, the total outflow of the upstream hydropower station is calculated based on the calculated load distribution and gate opening status, including:

[0023] Obtain the corresponding points of the unit characteristic curves of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at the corresponding load points;

[0024] Calculate the corresponding flow of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at the load point;

[0025] The flow rates of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at the load point are accumulated and calculated to obtain the power generation flow rate of the entire plant at that moment;

[0026] Collect the discharge flow of the gate of the upstream hydropower station at the current moment;

[0027] By calculating the algebraic sum of the gate discharge flow and the power generation flow, the total outflow flow of the upstream hydropower station at the corresponding moment is calculated.

[0028] Optionally, the algebraic sum of the total inflow and the total outflow of the downstream hydropower station is used to calculate the change in the reservoir capacity of the downstream hydropower station, and the change in the outflow water level is calculated based on the change in the reservoir capacity, including:

[0029] Calculate the difference between the total inflow and total outflow of the downstream hydropower station at each moment to obtain the water storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station at that moment;

[0030] Perform time integration on the water storage at discrete moments to obtain the total water storage in the T time period;

[0031] The total amount of water storage is accumulated on the basis of the current storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station to obtain the storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station at time T;

[0032] The reservoir water level of the downstream hydropower station at time T is obtained by querying the reservoir capacity curve, and the reservoir capacity curve provides the corresponding reservoir water levels under different reservoir capacities.

[0033] Optionally, drawing a reservoir water level change curve according to the reservoir water level change and implementing a water level warning by comparing it with a set water level warning parameter includes:

[0034] Draw a reservoir water level change curve based on discrete reservoir water levels to display the highest and lowest water levels of the day. When the load plan curve or gate opening changes, the latest reservoir water level change curve is automatically calculated.

[0035] Set the control water level and flood limit water level as the benchmark value for water level warning;

[0036] The reservoir water level change curve is analyzed to determine the number of times the highest water level and the lowest water level exceed the control water level, and when it is found that the reservoir water level exceeds the flood limit water level, a red warning is issued to inform that the gate or load plan curve needs to be modified.

[0037] Optionally, also include:

[0038] Under manual setting conditions, the load planning curve and unit startup status issued by the dispatcher are manually corrected, and the corresponding reservoir water level change curve is re-fitted and calculated.

[0039] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the second embodiment of the present application proposes a prediction and early warning device for the water level of a cascade hydropower station reservoir, comprising:

[0040] The first calculation module is used to calculate the startup and load distribution of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at each moment according to the load planning curve of the upstream hydropower station under the automatic setting condition;

[0041] A second calculation module is used to calculate the total outflow of the upstream hydropower station based on the calculated load distribution and gate opening status;

[0042] The flow delay module is used to use the flow transfer delay factor to delay the total outflow of the upstream hydropower station as the total inflow of the downstream hydropower station;

[0043] The third calculation module is used to calculate the total outflow flow of the downstream hydropower station according to the load planning curve of the downstream hydropower station;

[0044] The fourth calculation module is used to calculate the change of the storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station through the algebraic sum of the total inflow and the total outflow of the downstream hydropower station, and calculate the change of the outflow water level based on the storage capacity change;

[0045] The early warning module is used to draw the reservoir water level change curve according to the reservoir water level change, and realize water level early warning by comparing it with the set water level early warning parameters.

[0046] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, including: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;

[0047] The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

[0048] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0049] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the fourth aspect embodiment of the present application proposes a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-readable storage medium is stored computer execution instructions, and when the computer execution instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0050] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the fifth aspect of the present application proposes a computer program product, which implements any method in the first aspect when executed by a processor.

[0051] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application brings at least the following beneficial effects:

[0052] By precisely calculating the outflow and inflow of upstream and downstream hydropower stations, the reservoir water level in the next 24 hours is accurately predicted, prediction errors are avoided, and the accuracy of water level control is improved; by dynamically adjusting the flow delay factor, the flow is accurately transmitted, the timeliness error caused by the static model is avoided, and the timeliness of the downstream reservoir water level prediction is improved; by automatically generating water level change curves and early warning mechanisms, early warning of water level exceeding the limit is achieved, the risks caused by water level exceeding the limit are avoided, and the safety of scheduling is improved; by automatically adjusting load distribution and water level prediction, intelligent scheduling is achieved, errors caused by human intervention are avoided, and the automation and efficiency of the system are improved.

[0053] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0055] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for predicting and warning the water level of a cascade hydropower station reservoir provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for predicting and warning the water level of a cascade hydropower station reservoir provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cascade hydropower station reservoir water level prediction and early warning device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0059] It is an urgent problem to calculate the water level changes of downstream cascade power stations in a timely manner after the power generation plan of existing hydropower plants is changed and the gate opening is adjusted. By introducing advanced measurement models and real-time data support, accurate prediction of water levels in the next 24 hours can be achieved, providing strong support for the optimized operation and safety management of hydropower plants.

[0060] To address this problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for predicting and warning the reservoir water level of a cascade hydropower station. By calculating the changes in the reservoir water level of the downstream hydropower station in the next 24 hours, a reference is provided for downstream load distribution and load time distribution, and an early warning is provided for water level exceeding the limit in the downstream power station.

[0061] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The following is a flow chart of a method for predicting and warning the water level of a cascade hydropower station provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0062] Step 101, under the automatic setting condition, according to the load planning curve of the upstream hydropower station, calculate the startup and load distribution of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at each moment.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present application, according to the calculation condition, I is automatic calculation, II is manual calculation, and the default is I automatic calculation. The manual calculation process will be described after the automatic calculation is described.

[0064] As a possible implementation method, according to the capacity of the unit and the minimum number of units in stable operation, the number of units required to be started at the current load point and the automatically generated load distribution are calculated, where the load of a single unit = the total active load of the whole plant / the number of units in operation.

[0065] In a possible embodiment, if the single unit capacity of station A is 247.5MW and the stable operation range is 120-247.5MW, it has four units. The number of units to be started and the load distribution are determined according to the following rules:

[0066] (1) Single unit operation (120-247.5MW)

[0067] When the total plant load is between 120MW and 247.5MW, only one unit needs to be activated. A single unit can cover this load range and remain within a stable operating range (120-247.5MW), ensuring that the system still operates efficiently at low load.

[0068] (2) Two units in operation (247.5-495MW)

[0069] When the total plant load is between 247.5MW and 495MW, a single unit is no longer sufficient to carry the load, so two units are activated. At this time, the load range of each unit is 123.75MW to 247.5MW, which is still within the stable operating range of each unit (120-247.5MW). This configuration ensures that the load can be reasonably distributed to the two units at medium load levels.

[0070] (3) Three units in operation (495-742.5MW)

[0071] When the total plant load is between 495MW and 742.5MW, two units are not enough to cover the load, and three units need to be activated. At this time, the load range of each unit is 165MW to 247.5MW, which is still within the stable operation range of the unit. This configuration is suitable for higher load operation requirements.

[0072] (4) Four units in operation (742.5-990MW)

[0073] When the total plant load is between 742.5MW and 990MW, four units need to operate simultaneously. The load range of each unit is 185.625MW to 247.5MW, which also remains in the stable operating range. This configuration is used for full load or near full load operation.

[0074] Step 102, based on the calculated load distribution and gate opening status, calculate the total outflow of the upstream hydropower station.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present application, step 102 specifically further includes the following steps:

[0076] Step 201, obtaining corresponding points of the unit characteristic curves of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at corresponding load points.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present application, based on the current load point of each unit in the upstream hydropower station, the corresponding point of the characteristic curve of each unit at the load point is obtained. By reading these characteristic points, the operating characteristics of each unit under the load can be determined, including information such as flow, efficiency and power output.

[0078] Step 202, calculating the corresponding flow of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at the load point.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, after the corresponding point of the characteristic curve of the unit is determined, the specific flow output of each unit at the current load point can be calculated using the information of the point.

[0080] Step 203, the flow rates of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at the load point are accumulated and calculated to obtain the power generation flow rate of the entire plant at that moment.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, the flow value of each unit calculated in step 202 is accumulated to obtain the total power generation flow of the upstream hydropower station at that moment.

[0082] It can be understood that the accumulated power generation flow represents the total water flow of the entire hydropower station at the current moment, that is, the total water flow consumption of all units when operating under load. This power generation flow value is the key part of the subsequent calculation of the total outflow flow because it represents the water flow demand when operating under load.

[0083] Step 204, collecting the discharge flow of the gate of the upstream hydropower station at the current moment.

[0084] In the daily dispatch of hydropower stations, the discharge flow of the gate is a dynamically changing parameter, which is mainly used to control the water level in the reservoir or provide ecological flow for the downstream.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present application, the actual discharge flow data of the gate at the current moment can be collected by a sensor or a monitoring system. This flow represents the water flow discharged through the gate in addition to power generation.

[0086] Step 205, calculating the total outflow flow of the upstream hydropower station at the corresponding moment by calculating the algebraic sum of the gate discharge flow and the power generation flow.

[0087] After obtaining the power generation flow of the upstream hydropower station and the gate discharge flow, this step performs algebraic addition on the two to obtain the total outflow flow of the upstream hydropower station at that moment.

[0088] Step 103, using the flow transfer delay factor, the total outflow of the upstream hydropower station is delayed in time as the total inflow of the downstream hydropower station.

[0089] It can be understood that the total outflow of the upstream hydropower station is calculated by the algebraic sum of the power generation flow and the gate discharge flow, and this outflow represents the total water flow output of the upstream hydropower station at the current moment. This outflow will be transmitted downstream, but due to the length of the river channel, terrain resistance and other reasons, there will be a certain delay when it reaches the downstream hydropower station.

[0090] In order to calculate the water flow transfer time more accurately, the embodiment of the present application introduces a flow transfer delay factor, which is used to dynamically adjust the time delay for the upstream water flow to reach the downstream.

[0091] Specifically, the traffic transfer delay factor is dynamically adjusted based on the traffic size and complies with the following rules:

[0092] When the total outflow of the upstream hydropower station is equal to the ecological flow (minimum flow), the delay time is set to the maximum value t;

[0093] When the total outflow of the upstream hydropower station is 100m greater than the ecological flow 3 / s, the delay time required for traffic to reach the downstream is reduced by 5 minutes;

[0094] When the total outflow of the upstream hydropower station is 200m greater than the ecological flow 3 / s, the delay time required for traffic to reach the downstream is reduced by 10 minutes.

[0095] And so on, the delay time is dynamically adjusted according to the flow level, and finally the total inflow flow of the downstream hydropower station is obtained.

[0096] Step 104, calculating the total outflow flow of the downstream hydropower station according to the load planning curve of the downstream hydropower station.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present application, the total outflow flow of the downstream hydropower station is calculated according to the load planning curve of the downstream hydropower station, which is similar to steps 101-102, that is, the startup and load distribution of each unit in the downstream hydropower station at each moment are calculated according to the load planning curve of the downstream hydropower station, and the total outflow flow of the downstream hydropower station is calculated based on the calculated load distribution and the gate opening state. This application does not repeat the description and description of this.

[0098] Step 105, calculating the change of the reservoir capacity of the downstream hydropower station through the algebraic sum of the total inflow and the total outflow of the downstream hydropower station, and calculating the change of the outflow water level based on the change of the reservoir capacity.

[0099] In the embodiment of the present application, step 105 specifically further includes the following steps:

[0100] Step 301, calculate the difference between the total inflow and the total outflow of the downstream hydropower station at each moment, and obtain the water storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station at that moment.

[0101] At each moment, the total inflow of the downstream hydropower station represents the amount of water flowing into the reservoir, while the total outflow is the amount of water flowing out of the reservoir through power generation or discharge from the gate. By calculating the difference between the inflow and outflow, the water storage capacity of the reservoir at that moment can be obtained, that is, the net change in water in the reservoir at this moment.

[0102] It can be understood that if the inflow is greater than the outflow, the difference is positive, which means that the reservoir stores more water at that moment and the water level will rise; if the outflow is greater than the inflow, the difference is negative, which means that the reservoir has lost water at this moment and the water level will drop.

[0103] Step 302, time-integrate the water storage at discrete moments to obtain the total water storage in a time period T.

[0104] In this step, the water storage at each moment calculated in step 301 is time-integrated to obtain the total water storage of the reservoir in the specified time period T. The total water storage represents the increase or decrease of the overall water volume of the reservoir in the time period T, and is an important indicator for evaluating the change of reservoir storage capacity.

[0105] As a possible implementation method, the water storage at discrete moments is time-integrated by a numerical integration method (such as the trapezoidal method or the Simpson integration method) so as to accurately calculate the total water volume change in the time period.

[0106] Step 303, the total water storage volume is accumulated based on the current storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station to obtain the storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station at time T.

[0107] In the embodiment of the present application, the storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station at the current moment is first obtained as the initial storage capacity, and then the total water storage in the T time period obtained in step 302 is added to the current storage capacity to obtain the storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station at the T moment.

[0108] Step 304, the reservoir water level of the downstream hydropower station at time T is obtained by querying the reservoir capacity curve, and the reservoir capacity curve provides the corresponding reservoir water levels under different reservoir capacities.

[0109] It is understandable that downstream hydropower stations usually have a reservoir capacity curve, which describes the water level of the reservoir under different reservoir capacities. The reservoir capacity curve is an empirical or theoretical data relationship, usually obtained through measurement, which is used to quickly find the water level corresponding to a specific reservoir capacity, so that managers and systems can quickly predict the water level.

[0110] Therefore, the reservoir water level of the downstream hydropower station at time T can be obtained through the reservoir capacity curve.

[0111] Step 106, draw a reservoir water level change curve according to the reservoir water level change, and implement water level warning by comparing it with the set water level warning parameters.

[0112] In the embodiment of the present application, step 106 further includes the following steps:

[0113] Step 401, drawing a reservoir water level change curve based on the discrete reservoir water levels to display the highest and lowest water levels of the day.

[0114] In an embodiment of the present application, by recording the reservoir water level of the downstream hydropower station at different time points in a day, these discrete water level points are plotted into a continuous reservoir water level change curve to reflect the reservoir water level change trend throughout the day. In addition, during the plotting process, the highest and lowest water levels of the day are identified and marked, thereby helping managers to understand the fluctuation range of the reservoir water level at a glance.

[0115] In addition, if the dispatching side changes the upstream or downstream load planning curve (including the load distribution deviation from the expected due to the change in the number of units in operation), or load deviation caused by frequency modulation, gate adjustment, etc., timely calculation will be performed to obtain the latest reservoir water level change curve. Through automated calculation, the system can quickly reflect the water level trend after load adjustment or gate adjustment, reduce the delay of manual intervention, and ensure that reservoir managers can grasp the latest water level changes in real time, so as to facilitate timely response to sudden water level changes and enhance the flexible regulation and control capabilities of hydropower stations.

[0116] Step 402, setting the control water level and the flood limit water level as the reference value for water level warning.

[0117] In the embodiment of the present application, a control water level and a flood limit water level are set as warning water level benchmarks to determine whether the water level is within a safe range.

[0118] The control water level is the safe upper limit water level of the reservoir under normal circumstances. When the water level approaches or exceeds this level, the outflow flow needs to be adjusted to maintain the water level within a reasonable range. The flood limit water level is the highest allowable water level of the reservoir during the flood season. Exceeding this level may bring overflow or flood risks, so the flood limit water level is set as a more stringent warning benchmark.

[0119] By setting these two water level benchmark values, water level changes can be monitored, and warnings can be issued when the water level approaches or exceeds these benchmarks, reminding reservoir managers to take corresponding control measures.

[0120] Step 403, analyze the reservoir water level change curve to determine the number of times the highest water level and the lowest water level exceed the control water level, and when it is found that the reservoir water level exceeds the flood limit water level, issue a red warning to inform that the gate or load plan curve needs to be modified.

[0121] In the embodiment of the present application, the generated reservoir water level change curve is analyzed, and the number of times the highest and lowest water levels of the day exceed the control water level is calculated. By counting the number of times the control water level is exceeded, it can be understood whether the reservoir frequently exceeds the normal safe water level, thereby evaluating whether the load scheduling or gate management needs to be adjusted. A large number of times the control water level is exceeded may indicate that there are unreasonable aspects in the load plan or gate opening setting, which need to be optimized to ensure that the reservoir water level fluctuates within a safe range.

[0122] In addition, when the system detects that the water level in the reservoir water level change curve exceeds the flood limit water level, it immediately triggers a red warning to remind managers that the current water level has exceeded the safety threshold and may bring risks such as floods and overflows. At this time, it is recommended that managers adjust the gate opening or load planning curve in time to reduce the reservoir water level by increasing the outflow or reducing the inflow.

[0123] This early warning mechanism ensures timely response when the water level reaches the dangerous range, ensuring the safety of the reservoir and downstream areas and avoiding potential damage caused by abnormal water levels.

[0124] In addition, in view of the need for simulation calculations before modifying the planned curve and the need for coordinated experiments in power plants, the embodiment of the present application proposes a set of manually set conditional calculations. Under the manually set conditions, the load planning curve and unit startup status issued by the dispatcher are manually corrected, and after the conditions are successfully set, the corresponding reservoir water level change curve is re-fitted.

[0125] The computer then analyzes the reservoir water level curve, gives the analysis result, and repeats the early warning judgment process shown in step 106.

[0126] In order to implement the above-mentioned embodiment, the present application also proposes a prediction and early warning device for the reservoir water level of a cascade hydropower station. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cascade hydropower station reservoir water level prediction and early warning device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the device comprises:

[0127] The first calculation module 100 is used to calculate the startup and load distribution of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at each moment according to the load planning curve of the upstream hydropower station under the automatic setting condition;

[0128] The second calculation module 200 is used to calculate the total outflow flow of the upstream hydropower station based on the calculated load distribution and gate opening status;

[0129] The flow delay module 300 is used to use the flow transfer delay factor to delay the total outflow of the upstream hydropower station as the total inflow of the downstream hydropower station;

[0130] The third calculation module 400 is used to calculate the total outflow flow of the downstream hydropower station according to the load planning curve of the downstream hydropower station;

[0131] The fourth calculation module 500 is used to calculate the change of the storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station through the algebraic sum of the total inflow and the total outflow of the downstream hydropower station, and calculate the change of the outflow water level based on the storage capacity change;

[0132] The early warning module 600 is used to draw a reservoir water level change curve according to the reservoir water level change, and realize water level early warning by comparing it with the set water level early warning parameters.

[0133] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes an electronic device, comprising: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method provided by the above embodiments.

[0134] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the methods provided by the above embodiments.

[0135] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the methods provided by the above embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0136] The collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision and disclosure of user personal information involved in this application are in compliance with relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.

[0137] It should be noted that personal information from users should be collected for legitimate and reasonable purposes and should not be shared or sold outside of these legitimate uses. In addition, such collection / sharing should be carried out after receiving the user's informed consent, including but not limited to notifying the user to read the user agreement / user notice and sign the agreement / authorization including authorization of relevant user information before the user uses the function. In addition, any necessary steps should be taken to protect and safeguard access to such personal information data and ensure that others who have access to personal information data comply with its privacy policy and procedures.

[0138] The present application is expected to provide an implementation scheme for users to selectively block the use or access of personal information data. That is, the present disclosure is expected to provide hardware and / or software to prevent or block access to such personal information data. Once the personal information data is no longer needed, the risk can be minimized by limiting data collection and deleting the data. In addition, when applicable, such personal information is de-identified to protect the privacy of the user.

[0139] In the description of the aforementioned embodiments, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0140] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0141] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, fragment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

[0142] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute the instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purpose of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0143] It should be understood that the various parts of the present application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0144] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0145] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0146] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

[0147] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps recorded in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the expected results of the technical solution of this application can be achieved, and this document is not limited here.

[0148] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of this application. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for predicting and warning the water level of a cascade hydropower station reservoir, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Under the automatic setting condition, according to the load planning curve of the upstream hydropower station, the startup and load distribution of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at each moment are calculated; Calculate the total outflow from the upstream hydropower station based on the calculated load distribution and gate opening status; Using the flow transfer delay factor, the total outflow of the upstream hydropower station is delayed in time as the total inflow of the downstream hydropower station; Calculate the total outflow of the downstream hydropower station according to the load planning curve of the downstream hydropower station; The change in the reservoir capacity of the downstream hydropower station is calculated by the algebraic sum of the total inflow and the total outflow of the downstream hydropower station, and the change in the outflow water level is calculated based on the change in the reservoir capacity; Draw the reservoir water level change curve according to the reservoir water level change, and realize water level warning by comparing it with the set water level warning parameters.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The calculation of the startup and load distribution of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at each moment includes: According to the capacity of the unit and the minimum number of units in stable operation, the required number of units in operation and the automatically generated load distribution are calculated, where the load of a single unit = total active load of the whole plant / number of units in operation.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The total outflow of the upstream hydropower station is calculated based on the calculated load distribution and gate opening status, including: Obtain the corresponding points of the unit characteristic curves of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at the corresponding load points; Calculate the corresponding flow of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at the load point; The flow rates of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at the load point are accumulated and calculated to obtain the power generation flow rate of the entire plant at that moment; Collect the discharge flow of the gate of the upstream hydropower station at the current moment; By calculating the algebraic sum of the gate discharge flow and the power generation flow, the total outflow flow of the upstream hydropower station at the corresponding moment is calculated.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The algebraic sum of the total inflow and the total outflow of the downstream hydropower station is used to calculate the change in the storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station, and the change in the outflow water level is calculated based on the change in storage capacity, including: Calculate the difference between the total inflow and total outflow of the downstream hydropower station at each moment to obtain the water storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station at that moment; Perform time integration on the water storage at discrete moments to obtain the total water storage in the T time period; The total amount of water storage is accumulated on the basis of the current storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station to obtain the storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station at time T; The reservoir water level of the downstream hydropower station at time T is obtained by querying the reservoir capacity curve, and the reservoir capacity curve provides the corresponding reservoir water levels under different reservoir capacities.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method of drawing a reservoir water level change curve according to the reservoir water level change and implementing a water level warning by comparing it with the set water level warning parameters includes: Draw a reservoir water level change curve based on discrete reservoir water levels to display the highest and lowest water levels of the day. When the load plan curve or gate opening changes, the latest reservoir water level change curve is automatically calculated. Set the control water level and flood limit water level as the benchmark value for water level warning; The reservoir water level change curve is analyzed to determine the number of times the highest water level and the lowest water level exceed the control water level, and when it is found that the reservoir water level exceeds the flood limit water level, a red warning is issued to inform that the gate or load plan curve needs to be modified.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Under manual setting conditions, the load planning curve and unit startup status issued by the dispatcher are manually corrected, and the corresponding reservoir water level change curve is re-fitted and calculated.

7. A device for predicting and warning the water level of a cascade hydropower station, characterized in that: include: The first calculation module is used to calculate the startup and load distribution of each unit in the upstream hydropower station at each moment according to the load planning curve of the upstream hydropower station under the automatic setting condition; A second calculation module is used to calculate the total outflow of the upstream hydropower station based on the calculated load distribution and gate opening status; The flow delay module is used to use the flow transfer delay factor to delay the total outflow of the upstream hydropower station as the total inflow of the downstream hydropower station; The third calculation module is used to calculate the total outflow flow of the downstream hydropower station according to the load planning curve of the downstream hydropower station; The fourth calculation module is used to calculate the change of the storage capacity of the downstream hydropower station through the algebraic sum of the total inflow and the total outflow of the downstream hydropower station, and calculate the change of the outflow water level based on the storage capacity change; The early warning module is used to draw the reservoir water level change curve according to the reservoir water level change, and realize water level early warning by comparing it with the set water level early warning parameters.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executed by a processor.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The invention comprises a computer program, which implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when being executed by a processor.

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