Hydrogen release system and method, fuel cell system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen release system and method, a fuel cell system and a vehicle, the pressure of an expansion kettle is collected through a pressure sensor, the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle is collected through a hydrogen concentration sensor, and when the pressure of the expansion kettle exceeds a set pressure interval or the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle is too high, a first electromagnetic valve is controlled to be opened; hydrogen gathered in the expansion kettle is discharged, so that the pressure and the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle are kept in a safe range, and the safe and stable operation of the fuel cell system is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a hydrogen discharge system, method, fuel cell system and vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The water produced by the stack reaction of the fuel cell system contains hydrogen leaked from the stack. The leaked hydrogen enters the cooling circuit of the stack along with the water. As the cooling circuit operates, the hydrogen leaked into the cooling circuit accumulates at the highest point of the cooling circuit, namely the expansion kettle, posing a safety risk and making it difficult for the fuel cell system to operate safely and stably. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides a hydrogen leakage system, method, fuel cell system and vehicle to solve the technical problem of hydrogen leakage from the fuel cell stack into the cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack, causing safety risks, and to achieve the technical problem of ensuring the safe and stable operation of the fuel cell system.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application is proposed to provide a hydrogen leakage system, method, fuel cell system and vehicle that overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, a hydrogen discharge system is provided, comprising: an expansion kettle, a pressure sensor, a hydrogen concentration sensor, a first solenoid valve, and a control mechanism;

[0006] The air intake pipeline of the expansion kettle is respectively connected to the degassing pipe interface of the fuel cell stack and the degassing pipe interface of the radiator of the fuel cell stack; the pressure sensor and the hydrogen concentration sensor are respectively arranged in the expansion kettle; the first solenoid valve is arranged in the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle;

[0007] The control mechanism is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, the hydrogen concentration sensor, and the first solenoid valve, respectively, and is used for receiving the pressure of the expansion kettle sent by the pressure sensor, and receiving the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle sent by the hydrogen concentration sensor, and when the pressure of the expansion kettle exceeds a preset pressure range, or the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle is greater than a preset concentration threshold, controlling the first solenoid valve to open so that the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle is opened.

[0008] Optionally, the control mechanism is also electrically connected to a second solenoid valve, and is used to control the second solenoid valve to close so as to cut off the hydrogen supply to the fuel cell stack when the rate at which the hydrogen concentration in the expansion kettle rises exceeds a preset rate threshold within a sustained period of time and the duration is greater than a preset time; wherein the second solenoid valve is arranged in the hydrogen supply pipeline of the fuel cell stack.

[0009] Optionally, the hydrogen discharge system also includes a water pump, which is arranged in the water outlet pipe of the radiator, and the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the discharge pipe of the expansion kettle. The water pump is in operation within a set time after the second solenoid valve is controlled to be closed.

[0010] Optionally, the first solenoid valve is a three-position three-way solenoid valve, including a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port is connected to the outlet of the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle, the second port is connected to the hydrogen processing device, and the third port is connected to the external atmosphere;

[0011] The control mechanism is used to control the first solenoid valve to open the first port and the second port when the pressure of the expansion kettle is greater than the maximum value of a preset pressure range, or the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle is greater than a preset concentration threshold, so as to connect the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle and the hydrogen processing device; or control the first solenoid valve to open the first port and the third port when the pressure of the expansion kettle is less than the minimum value of the preset pressure range, so as to connect the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle and the external atmosphere.

[0012] Optionally, the hydrogen processing device includes a burner, a generator, and a power battery. The burner is connected to the second port and is used to receive the gas transported by the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle when the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle and the hydrogen processing device are connected. The power generated by the combustion of the gas drives the generator to supply power to the power battery.

[0013] Optionally, the hydrogen discharge system further comprises a filtering mechanism, which is disposed in the expansion kettle and is used to filter the moisture in the gas entering the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a hydrogen discharge method, which is applied to the hydrogen discharge system of the first aspect, and the method comprises:

[0015] Collect the pressure of the expansion kettle and the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle;

[0016] When the pressure of the expansion kettle exceeds a preset pressure range, or the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle is greater than a preset concentration threshold, the first solenoid valve is controlled to open so that the pressure relief line of the expansion kettle is opened. The first solenoid valve is arranged on the pressure relief line of the expansion kettle.

[0017] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a fuel cell system, comprising a fuel cell stack, a radiator, and the hydrogen discharge system of the first aspect.

[0018] Optionally, it also includes a second solenoid valve, which is arranged in the hydrogen supply pipeline of the fuel cell stack; the control mechanism of the hydrogen leakage system is also electrically connected to the second solenoid valve, and is used to control the second solenoid valve to close when the rate of increase of the hydrogen concentration in the expansion kettle exceeds a preset rate threshold within a continuous period of time and the duration is greater than a preset time, so as to cut off the hydrogen supply to the fuel cell stack.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a vehicle, characterized in that it includes the fuel cell system of the third aspect.

[0020] In a fifth aspect, the present application also provides a server, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the server executes the method provided in the second aspect.

[0021] In a sixth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer executes the method provided in the second aspect.

[0022] In a seventh aspect, the present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a computer, enables the computer to execute the method provided in the second aspect.

[0023] The technical solution provided by this application has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0024] The hydrogen discharge system, method, fuel cell system and vehicle provided in the present application collect the pressure of the expansion kettle through a pressure sensor, and collect the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle through a hydrogen concentration sensor. When the pressure of the expansion kettle exceeds a set pressure range, or the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle is too high, the first solenoid valve is controlled to open to discharge the hydrogen accumulated in the expansion kettle, so that the pressure and hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle are maintained in a safe range, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the fuel cell system.

[0025] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a wireframe diagram of the hydrogen leakage system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a hydrogen discharge system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the hydrogen leakage system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the hydrogen leakage method in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 This is the operation process of the fuel cell system in the embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a specific operation flow chart of the fuel cell system shutdown inspection in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Various structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings. These figures are not drawn to scale, and some details are magnified and some details may be omitted for the purpose of clear expression. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and the relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween are only exemplary, and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may further design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs.

[0035] In order to better understand the above-mentioned technical scheme, the above-mentioned technical scheme will be described in detail below in combination with specific implementation methods. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical scheme of the present application, rather than limitations on the technical scheme of the present application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0036] In the fuel cell system, hydrogen leakage to the cooling circuit is mainly concentrated in the key sealing positions between the hydrogen path and the cooling circuit. These key positions include but are not limited to: the interface seal between the hydrogen channel of the bipolar plate inside the stack and the cooling circuit, the interactive sealing point between the hydrogen channel and the cooling circuit in the stack manifold, and the welding interface on the hydrogen heat exchange plate. The importance of these sealing areas is self-evident. They are directly related to the safety and operating efficiency of the system. Any slight leakage may have a significant impact on the system performance.

[0037] When the amount of hydrogen leakage exceeds a certain limit, it will cause serious corrosion to the metal parts of the cooling circuit. In addition, the hydrogen leaked into the cooling circuit will accumulate at the highest point of the cooling circuit, the expansion kettle, as the water pump runs, which further increases the safety risk. Therefore, accurately monitoring the hydrogen concentration in the area above the expansion kettle and judging the status of the fuel cell system based on this is the key to ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system.

[0038] In view of this, this application provides a hydrogen discharge system, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the hydrogen leakage system in the embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen release system 100 includes: an expansion kettle 101 , a pressure sensor 102 , a hydrogen concentration sensor 103 , a first solenoid valve 104 , and a control mechanism 105 .

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the air inlet pipeline of the expansion kettle 101 is respectively connected to the degassing pipe interface of the fuel cell stack 201 and the degassing pipe interface of the radiator 202 of the fuel cell stack 201, wherein the water inlet pipeline of the radiator 202 is connected to the water outlet of the fuel cell stack 201, and the water outlet pipeline of the radiator 202 is connected to the water inlet of the fuel cell stack 201.

[0040] Still Figure 2 As shown, the radiator 202 and the heater 203 are connected in parallel in the cooling circuit of the stack 201 through the thermostat 204 to adjust the temperature of the stack 201. When the stack 201 starts to work, it needs to be raised to the working temperature. At this time, basically no coolant is input. If the external temperature is very low, the coolant needs to be heated by the heater 203 and input into the stack 201. When the stack 201 is working, 40% to 60% of the waste heat must be discharged. The coolant transports the waste heat of the stack 201 to the radiator 202 and takes it away.

[0041] The radiator 202 can adopt an air-cooled heat dissipation structure or a water-cooled radiator. The coolant in the cooling circuit is mostly water, such as deionized pure water, to prevent leakage between the plates of the battery stack 201, which will not be described here. The thermostat 204 can adopt a three-way valve, which can not only switch the connection between the battery stack 201 and the radiator 202 and the heater 203, but also allocate the on-off in each direction in proportion. The ratio between the cooled water and the uncooled water can be allocated by the thermostat 204, so that the battery stack 201 works at a suitable temperature.

[0042] The leakage of hydrogen into the cooling circuit is mainly concentrated at the key sealing positions between the hydrogen path (used to input hydrogen into the stack 201) and the cooling circuit. These key positions include but are not limited to: the interface seal between the hydrogen channel of the bipolar plate of the stack 201 and the cooling circuit, the interactive sealing point between the hydrogen channel and the cooling circuit in the manifold of the stack 201, and the welding interface on the radiator 202. The expansion kettle 101 is used to collect the hydrogen leaked from the stack 201 and the radiator 202.

[0043] The pressure sensor 102 and the hydrogen concentration sensor 103 are respectively arranged on the expansion kettle 101. Figure 2As shown, the pressure sensor 102 is arranged at the top of the expansion kettle 101, and is used to detect the pressure of the expansion kettle 101. The hydrogen concentration sensor 103 is arranged at the top of the expansion kettle 101, and is used to detect the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle 101. The first solenoid valve 104 is arranged in the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101, and is used to control the opening and closing of the pressure relief pipeline.

[0044] The control mechanism 105 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 102, the hydrogen concentration sensor 103, and the first solenoid valve 104, respectively, and is used to receive the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 sent by the pressure sensor 102, and receive the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle 101 sent by the hydrogen concentration sensor 103, and when the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 exceeds a preset pressure range, or the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle 101 is greater than a preset concentration threshold, control the first solenoid valve 104 to open, so that the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101 is opened.

[0045] Exemplarily, the hydrogen concentration sensor is installed above the expansion kettle 101 to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the area in real time, ensuring that once the hydrogen concentration exceeds the safety threshold, it can be quickly discovered and responded to. Pressure sensor 102: Synchronously monitors the gas pressure above the expansion kettle 101 to provide a basis for subsequent pressure regulation.

[0046] After the hydrogen in the expansion kettle 101 accumulates to a certain extent, the pressure in the expansion kettle 101 will be too high and the hydrogen collection function will be lost. At the same time, there are certain safety hazards. When the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 exceeds the preset pressure range or the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle 101 is greater than the preset concentration threshold, the controller controls the first solenoid valve 104 to open and the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101 to open, so as to balance the pressure in the expansion kettle 101.

[0047] It can be understood that there are two situations in which the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 exceeds the preset pressure range. One is that the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 is greater than the maximum value of the preset pressure range. In this case, the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 is too high. The other is that the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 is less than the minimum value of the preset pressure range. In this case, the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 is too low, the vacuum degree is too high, the expansion kettle 101 made of plastic material will be damaged, and the pipeline connection seal will fail.

[0048] Therefore, in some optional embodiments, the first solenoid valve 104 is a three-position three-way solenoid valve, including a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port is connected to the outlet of the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101, the second port is connected to the hydrogen processing device, and the third port is connected to the external atmosphere.

[0049] The valve core of the three-position three-way solenoid valve has three working positions. The first position of the valve core is a position in which the first port, the second port and the third port are closed in the de-energized state, and the first solenoid valve 104 is in the closed state; the second position of the valve core is a position in which the first port and the second port are opened in the first energized state; the third position of the valve core is a position in which the first port and the third port are opened in the second energized state, and the first energized signal and the second energized signal are derived from the control mechanism 105.

[0050] The control mechanism 105 is used to control the first electromagnetic valve 104 to open the first port and the second port when the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 is greater than the maximum value of the preset pressure range, or the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle 101 is greater than the preset concentration threshold, so as to connect the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101 and the hydrogen processing device. At this time, the gas in the expansion kettle 101 is sent to the hydrogen processing device through the pressure relief pipeline to reduce the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 and reduce the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle 101, thereby adjusting the pressure of the expansion kettle 101.

[0051] The control mechanism 105 is also used to control the first electromagnetic valve 104 to open the first port and the third port when the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 is less than the minimum value of the preset pressure range, so as to connect the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101 to the external atmosphere. At this time, the air in the atmosphere enters the expansion kettle 101 through the pressure relief pipeline to increase the pressure of the expansion kettle 101, thereby adjusting the pressure of the expansion kettle 101.

[0052] The first solenoid valve 104 can adopt an opening valve. Based on the intelligent control strategy, the control mechanism 105 is also used to control the automatic adjustment of the opening of the first solenoid valve 104 to balance the gas pressure of the expansion kettle 101. When the gas pressure of the expansion kettle 101 exceeds the maximum value of the preset pressure range, the opening of the first solenoid valve 104 is controlled to be adjusted to the maximum to discharge excess hydrogen, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the fuel cell system where the fuel cell stack 201 is located.

[0053] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen processing device includes a burner 301, a generator 302, and a power battery 303. The burner 301 is connected to the second port, and is used to receive the gas transported by the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101 when the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101 and the hydrogen processing device are connected. The power generated by the combustion of the gas drives the generator 302 to operate, so as to supply power to the power battery 303.

[0054] It is understandable that a one-way valve 305 is provided on the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101, and the one-way valve is located between the first solenoid valve 104 and the burner 301 to prevent the gas in the burner 301 from flowing into the expansion kettle 101 through the pressure relief pipeline and causing a safety accident.

[0055] When the hydrogen discharge system 100 is applied to a vehicle, the hydrogen processing device uses the burner 301, generator 302, and power battery 303 on the vehicle to achieve hydrogen recovery and utilization, while avoiding direct discharge of hydrogen into the atmosphere to pose a safety hazard or waste of fuel resources.

[0056] When the stack 201 is working, hydrogen and oxygen undergo redox reaction between the anode and the cathode to generate electrical energy. A second solenoid valve 205 is provided on the hydrogen supply pipeline of the stack 201 to control the on-off of the hydrogen supply pipeline. In some optional embodiments, the control mechanism 105 is also electrically connected to the second solenoid valve 205; when the rate of increase of the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle 101 exceeds a preset rate threshold within a continuous period of time, and the continuous period is greater than a preset time, the second solenoid valve 205 is controlled to be closed to cut off the hydrogen supply to the stack 201, thereby avoiding corrosion of cooling circuit components caused by hydrogen leakage and avoiding safety accidents.

[0057] When the hydrogen concentration in the expansion kettle 101 rises rapidly over a sustained period of time, it indicates that there is a serious hydrogen leak in the fuel cell stack 201 system and the fuel cell stack 201 is not suitable for continued operation. At this time, the second solenoid valve 205 is controlled to close, and the hydrogen supply to the fuel cell stack 201 is cut off by closing the hydrogen supply line of the fuel cell stack 201, so as to facilitate shutdown inspection.

[0058] In some optional embodiments, the hydrogen discharge system 100 further includes a water pump 206, which is disposed in a water outlet pipe of the radiator 202, and a water inlet of the water pump 206 is connected to a discharge pipe of the expansion kettle 101. The water pump 206 is in operation within a set time after the second solenoid valve 205 is controlled to be closed.

[0059] The air intake pipeline of the expansion kettle 101 receives an air-water mixture from the battery stack 201 and the radiator 202. The air-water mixture includes hydrogen discharged from the battery stack 201 and the radiator 202 and part of the coolant in the cooling circuit. The coolant gathers at the bottom of the expansion kettle 101, and the hydrogen gathers at the top of the expansion kettle 101. The first solenoid valve 104 is in a closed state, and the expansion kettle 101 is in a closed state. When the water pump 206 is running, the coolant in the expansion kettle 101 is pumped away, so that the air pressure of the expansion kettle 101 is reduced, thereby forming a negative pressure environment, so that the hydrogen leaked from the battery stack 201 and the radiator 202 can be more stably pumped away, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the battery stack 201, preventing corrosion of cooling circuit components caused by hydrogen leakage, extending the service life of the battery stack 201, and avoiding possible hydrogen safety accidents.

[0060] In some optional embodiments, Figure 3As shown, the hydrogen discharge system 100 further includes a filtering mechanism 304, which is disposed in the expansion kettle 101 and is used to filter the moisture in the gas entering the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101. Part of the coolant in the cooling circuit will enter the expansion kettle 101 along with the hydrogen. When the first solenoid valve 104 is opened for pressure relief, the filtering mechanism 304 separates the coolant in the gas-water mixture, thereby reducing the coolant escape caused by the gas-liquid mixture and improving the maintenance efficiency and life of the cooling circuit.

[0061] Exemplarily, the filtering mechanism 304 uses a filter mesh, and the mesh number of the filter mesh is greater than 100 meshes.

[0062] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a hydrogen leakage method, which is applied to the above-mentioned embodiments and the attached Figures 1 to 3 The hydrogen discharge system 100 provided is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the hydrogen leakage method in the embodiment of the present application, the method comprises:

[0063] S401. Collect the pressure of the expansion kettle and the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle.

[0064] S402. When the pressure of the expansion kettle exceeds a preset pressure range, or the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle is greater than a preset concentration threshold, control the first solenoid valve to open so that the pressure relief line of the expansion kettle is opened. The first solenoid valve is arranged on the pressure relief line of the expansion kettle.

[0065] The air inlet pipeline of the expansion kettle 101 is respectively connected to the degassing pipe interface of the fuel cell stack 201 and the degassing pipe interface of the radiator 202 of the fuel cell stack 201, wherein the water inlet pipeline of the radiator 202 is connected to the water outlet of the fuel cell stack 201, and the water outlet pipeline of the radiator 202 is connected to the water inlet of the fuel cell stack 201.

[0066] The radiator 202 and the heater 203 are connected in parallel in the cooling circuit of the stack 201 through the thermostat 204 to adjust the temperature of the stack 201. When the stack 201 starts to work, it needs to be raised to the working temperature. At this time, basically no coolant is input. If the external temperature is very low, water is heated by the heater 203 and input into the stack 201. When the stack 201 is working, 40% to 60% of the waste heat must be discharged. The coolant transports the waste heat of the stack 201 to the radiator 202 and takes it away.

[0067] After the hydrogen in the expansion kettle 101 accumulates to a certain extent, the pressure in the expansion kettle 101 will be too high and the hydrogen collection function will be lost. At the same time, there are certain safety hazards. When the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 exceeds the preset pressure range or the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle 101 is greater than the preset concentration threshold, the controller controls the first solenoid valve 104 to open and the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101 to open, so as to balance the pressure in the expansion kettle 101.

[0068] It can be understood that there are two situations in which the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 exceeds the preset pressure range. One is that the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 is greater than the maximum value of the preset pressure range. In this case, the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 is too high. The other is that the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 is less than the minimum value of the preset pressure range. In this case, the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 is too low, the vacuum degree is too high, the expansion kettle 101 made of plastic material will be damaged, and the pipeline connection seal will fail.

[0069] Therefore, the first solenoid valve 104 is a three-position three-way solenoid valve, including a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port is connected to the outlet of the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101, the second port is connected to the hydrogen processing device, and the third port is connected to the external atmosphere. The operation of S402 specifically includes:

[0070] The first method is to control the first electromagnetic valve 104 to open the first port and the second port when the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 is greater than the maximum value of the preset pressure range, or the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle 101 is greater than the preset concentration threshold, so that the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101 and the hydrogen processing device are connected. At this time, the gas in the expansion kettle 101 is sent to the hydrogen processing device through the pressure relief pipeline to reduce the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 and reduce the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle 101, thereby adjusting the pressure of the expansion kettle 101.

[0071] The second method is to control the first solenoid valve 104 to open the first port and the third port when the pressure of the expansion kettle 101 is less than the minimum value of the preset pressure range, so that the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101 is connected to the external atmosphere. At this time, the air in the atmosphere enters the expansion kettle 101 through the pressure relief pipeline to increase the pressure of the expansion kettle 101, thereby adjusting the pressure of the expansion kettle 101.

[0072] It can be understood that when the hydrogen release method is applied to a vehicle, the hydrogen processing device adopts the burner 301, the generator 302, and the power battery 303 carried by the vehicle, and the burner 301 is connected to the second port. In the first case mentioned above, when the first solenoid valve 104 is controlled to open the first port and the second port, the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101 and the burner 301 are connected, and the burner 301 receives the hydrogen released by the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle 101, discharges the moisture carried in the gas, and burns the hydrogen. The power generated by the combustion of hydrogen drives the generator 302 to operate, so as to supply power to the power battery 303, realize the recycling of hydrogen, and avoid the direct discharge of hydrogen into the atmosphere, which may cause safety hazards or waste of fuel resources.

[0073] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a fuel cell system, including a fuel cell stack 201, a radiator 202, and the above-mentioned embodiments and Figures 1 to 3 A hydrogen leakage system 100 is provided.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, the water inlet pipeline of the radiator 202 is connected to the water outlet of the fuel cell stack 201, and the water outlet pipeline of the radiator 202 is connected to the water inlet of the fuel cell stack 201. The radiator 202 and the heater 203 are arranged in parallel in the cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack 201 through the thermostat 204, and are used to adjust the temperature of the fuel cell stack 201. A second solenoid valve 205 is arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline of the fuel cell stack 201, which is used to control the on-off of the hydrogen supply pipeline, that is, the hydrogen supply of the fuel cell stack 201. A water pump 206 is arranged on the water outlet pipeline of the radiator 202, and the water inlet of the water pump 206 is connected to the discharge pipeline of the expansion kettle 101. During the set time after the second solenoid valve 205 is controlled to be closed, the water pump 206 is in operation.

[0075] The specific structure of the hydrogen discharge system 100 is similar to the above-mentioned embodiment and the attached Figures 1 to 3 The structure is the same and will not be repeated here.

[0076] The following examples illustrate how the fuel cell system provided in the embodiment of the present application can apply the hydrogen leakage system 100 provided in the above embodiment to prevent corrosion of cooling circuit components caused by hydrogen leakage by monitoring the pressure and hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle 101, thereby extending the service life of the fuel-electric system and avoiding possible hydrogen safety accidents to ensure the normal operation of the fuel-electric system.

[0077] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is the operation process of the fuel cell system in the embodiment of the present application. After the fuel cell system is started, the first solenoid valve 104 is closed, the second solenoid valve 205 is opened, the fuel cell stack 201 and the water pump 206 are in operation, and the water pump 206 drives the coolant in the fuel cell stack 201 to enter the radiator 202 for heat exchange and cooling, and controls the coolant in the radiator 202 to return to the fuel cell stack 201 after cooling. The water pump 206 also draws out the coolant in the expansion kettle 101, so that the air pressure in the expansion kettle 101 is reduced, thereby forming a negative pressure environment, and draws out the gas-water mixture in the degassing pipes of the fuel cell stack 201 and the radiator 202. The main components of the gas-water mixture are the hydrogen leaked from the fuel cell stack 201 and the cooling system and part of the coolant mixed in the hydrogen. The coolant gathers in the lower area of ​​the expansion kettle 101, and the hydrogen gathers in the upper area of ​​the expansion kettle 101.

[0078] During the operation of the fuel cell system, the hydrogen concentration C and the air pressure P in the area above the expansion kettle are collected in any time period, and the following judgment is performed: whether the rate of increase of the hydrogen concentration ΔC / ΔT within the continuous time T is greater than the preset rate threshold, if so, the fuel cell system is shut down for inspection, otherwise the following judgment is performed: whether at least one of the following conditions is met: the air pressure P is greater than 30KPa, the air pressure P is less than -10KPa, and the hydrogen concentration C is greater than the preset value, if so, the first solenoid valve is opened, otherwise the fuel cell system keeps running.

[0079] It is understandable that the air pressure has a preset pressure range, where the minimum value of the pressure range is -10 KPa and the maximum value is 30 KPa.

[0080] The specific operation process of the fuel cell system shutdown inspection in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the fuel cell system is shut down, specifically including closing the second solenoid valve, closing the hydrogen supply to the stack, and the water pump 206 running at a set speed to take out the residual hydrogen in the cooling circuit. Collect the hydrogen concentration C and air pressure P in the area above the expansion kettle 101 in any time period, and perform the following judgment: whether the rate of increase of the hydrogen concentration ΔC / ΔT within the continuous time T is less than the preset rate threshold, otherwise return to the operation after the above fuel cell system is shut down, and if so, perform the following judgment: whether at least one of the following conditions is met: air pressure P is greater than 30KPa, air pressure P is less than -10KPa, and hydrogen concentration C is greater than the preset value, if so, open the first solenoid valve 104, otherwise the fuel cell system starts to run.

[0081] The fuel cell system provided in the above embodiment can significantly improve the safety and reliability of the fuel cell system, which is specifically reflected in the following aspects:

[0082] Effectively prevent corrosion: By real-time monitoring and controlling the hydrogen concentration, the corrosion of cooling circuit components caused by hydrogen leakage is effectively avoided, extending the service life of the system.

[0083] Improve system safety: It integrates a variety of sensors and control components, which can detect and deal with hydrogen leaks in the first place, reducing the risk of hydrogen safety accidents.

[0084] Optimizing system performance: Through precise pressure regulation and coolant management, the overall performance of the fuel cell system is optimized, improving its operating efficiency and stability.

[0085] In some optional embodiments, a second solenoid valve 205 is further included, and the second solenoid valve 205 is arranged in the hydrogen supply pipeline of the fuel cell stack 201; the control mechanism 105 of the hydrogen leakage system 100 is also electrically connected to the second solenoid valve 205, and is used to control the second solenoid valve 205 to close when the rate of increase of the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle 101 exceeds a preset rate threshold within a continuous period of time, and the duration is greater than a preset time, so as to cut off the hydrogen supply to the fuel cell stack 201.

[0086] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a vehicle, characterized in that it includes the fuel cell system provided in the above embodiment.

[0087] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer executes the method provided in the above embodiment.

[0088] An embodiment of the present application also provides a server, as shown in the figure, the server includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the server executes the method provided in the above embodiment.

[0089] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the computer executes the method provided in the above embodiments.

[0090] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above-mentioned method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments are executed; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

[0092] In the description provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it is understood that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

Claims

1. A hydrogen discharge system, characterized in that: include: Expansion kettle, pressure sensor, hydrogen concentration sensor, first solenoid valve, control mechanism; The air intake pipeline of the expansion kettle is respectively connected to the degassing pipe interface of the fuel cell stack and the degassing pipe interface of the radiator of the fuel cell stack; the pressure sensor and the hydrogen concentration sensor are respectively arranged in the expansion kettle; the first solenoid valve is arranged in the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle; The control mechanism is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, the hydrogen concentration sensor, and the first solenoid valve, respectively, and is used for receiving the pressure of the expansion kettle sent by the pressure sensor, and receiving the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle sent by the hydrogen concentration sensor, and when the pressure of the expansion kettle exceeds a preset pressure range, or the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle is greater than a preset concentration threshold, controlling the first solenoid valve to open so that the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle is opened.

2. The hydrogen discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control mechanism is also electrically connected to a second solenoid valve, and is used to control the second solenoid valve to close when the rate at which the hydrogen concentration in the expansion kettle rises within a sustained period exceeds a preset rate threshold, and the duration is greater than a preset time, so as to cut off the hydrogen supply to the fuel cell stack; wherein the second solenoid valve is arranged in the hydrogen supply pipeline of the fuel cell stack.

3. The hydrogen discharge system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a water pump, which is arranged on the water outlet pipe of the radiator. The water inlet of the water pump is connected to the discharge pipe of the expansion kettle. Within a set time after the second solenoid valve is controlled to be closed, the water pump is in operation.

4. The hydrogen discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first solenoid valve is a three-position three-way solenoid valve, comprising a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port being connected to the outlet of the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle, the second port being connected to the hydrogen processing device, and the third port being connected to the external atmosphere; The control mechanism is used to control the first solenoid valve to open the first port and the second port when the pressure of the expansion kettle is greater than the maximum value of a preset pressure range, or the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle is greater than a preset concentration threshold, so as to connect the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle and the hydrogen processing device; or control the first solenoid valve to open the first port and the third port when the pressure of the expansion kettle is less than the minimum value of the preset pressure range, so as to connect the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle and the external atmosphere.

5. The hydrogen discharge system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen processing device includes a burner, a generator, and a power battery. The burner is connected to the second port and is used to receive the gas transported by the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle when the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle and the hydrogen processing device are connected. The power generated by the combustion of the gas drives the generator to operate so as to supply power to the power battery.

6. The hydrogen discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a filtering mechanism, which is arranged in the expansion kettle and is used to filter the moisture in the gas entering the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle.

7. A hydrogen release method, characterized in that: include: collecting the pressure of the expansion kettle and the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle; When the pressure of the expansion kettle exceeds a preset pressure range, or the hydrogen concentration of the expansion kettle is greater than a preset concentration threshold, the first solenoid valve is controlled to open so that the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle is opened, and the first solenoid valve is arranged on the pressure relief pipeline of the expansion kettle.

8. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: It comprises a fuel cell stack, a radiator and the hydrogen discharge system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. The fuel cell system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a second solenoid valve, which is arranged in the hydrogen supply pipeline of the fuel cell stack; the control mechanism of the hydrogen leakage system is also electrically connected to the second solenoid valve, and is used to control the second solenoid valve to close when the rate of increase of the hydrogen concentration in the expansion kettle exceeds a preset rate threshold within a continuous period of time and the continuous time is greater than a preset time, so as to cut off the hydrogen supply to the fuel cell stack.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: A fuel cell system comprising the fuel cell system according to claim 8 or 9.

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