Photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method and system, program product and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method and system, a program product and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation. The system determines whether adjustment is needed or not by judging the relation between the current illumination parameter and the preset threshold value. In the adjusting state, the system calculates the total energy receiving power, and dynamic adjustment of the target power point is achieved. When the target power point is larger than the total energy receiving power, the system analyzes according to the temperature of the electrolytic cell and calculates needed energy and excess energy, so that whether the temperature of the electrolytic cell is increased or the working voltage point is adjusted is determined. According to the dynamic adjustment mechanism based on multiple parameters, the system can flexibly distribute energy according to real-time working conditions, the situation that electric energy is forced to be connected to a grid is avoided, meanwhile, the performance of the system is improved through temperature adjustment when the hydrogen production power is not high, and finally the energy utilization efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method, system, program product and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of energy demand, multi-energy complementarity has become an important way to improve energy efficiency. At present, many cities and parks are facing the comprehensive energy demand of cooling, heating and electricity. Among them, the air conditioning load can account for 30-40% of the total load during the peak period in summer, which puts great pressure on the power grid. At the same time, renewable energy generation is intermittent, and wind and solar power are often abandoned, resulting in energy waste.

[0003] The relevant energy complementary system mainly adopts a fixed conversion path, that is, renewable energy power generation is allocated to different energy consumption links according to a preset ratio. For example, 70% of photovoltaic power generation is set for grid power supply and 30% for electrolysis hydrogen production. The system determines this fixed allocation ratio based on historical operation data.

[0004] However, the energy utilization efficiency of related technologies is poor. For example, when the light intensity is high and the electricity demand is low, too much electricity is forced to be connected to the grid, resulting in increased peak-shaving pressure on the power grid. When the light intensity is sufficient but the hydrogen production power is not high, the system cannot increase the hydrogen production power in time due to the fixed allocation ratio, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method, system, program product and storage medium for improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method, including: obtaining current illumination parameters, and determining whether the current illumination parameters are greater than a preset illumination threshold; if the current illumination parameters are greater than the illumination threshold, obtaining corresponding power points under several different initial operating voltage points; selecting the maximum power point from the power points as the target power point, and the corresponding initial operating voltage point as the target operating voltage point; collecting the charging power of the power storage device and the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer, and calculating the total energy receiving power; determining whether the target power point is greater than the total energy receiving power; if the target power point is less than or equal to the total energy receiving power, executing the preset power adjustment strategy to make the target power point oscillate at the maximum power point ; If the target power point is greater than the total energy receiving power, the current temperature of the electrolytic cell is obtained; the energy required and excess energy for raising the current temperature of the electrolytic cell to the optimal operating temperature are calculated, wherein the difference between the target power point and the total energy receiving power is subtracted; the product of the difference and the time required to raise the current temperature to the optimal operating temperature is taken as the excess energy; it is determined whether the required energy is greater than the excess energy; if the required energy is less than or equal to the excess energy, the current temperature of the electrolytic cell is increased to the optimal operating temperature, and the steps of obtaining the corresponding power points are executed at several different initial operating voltage points; if the required energy is greater than the excess energy, the preset power adjustment strategy is executed to make the target power point oscillate at the total energy receiving power.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the system determines whether adjustment is needed by judging the relationship between the current illumination parameters and the preset threshold. In the adjustment state, the system realizes dynamic adjustment of the target power point by calculating the total energy receiving power. When the target power point is greater than the total energy receiving power, the system will analyze the required energy and excess energy in combination with the electrolyzer temperature, and then decide whether to increase the electrolyzer temperature or adjust the operating voltage point. This dynamic adjustment mechanism based on multiple parameters enables the system to flexibly allocate energy according to real-time operating conditions, avoiding the situation where electricity is forced to be connected to the grid. At the same time, when the hydrogen production power is not high, the system performance is improved through temperature adjustment, and ultimately the energy utilization efficiency is improved.

[0008] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the preset power adjustment strategy specifically includes: executing the following cyclic steps: increasing or decreasing the target operating voltage point; obtaining a new output power based on the adjusted target operating voltage point; judging the relationship between the new output power and the target power point; if the new output power is greater than the target power point, increasing the target operating voltage point in the same manner; if the new output power is less than the target power point, reducing the target operating voltage point in the same manner; based on the adjusted target operating voltage point, obtaining a new output power value as the new output power.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the target operating voltage point is adjusted by cyclic control, and the output power is re-acquired after each adjustment. The next adjustment direction is determined according to the relationship between the output power and the target power point, so that the maximum power point can be tracked quickly and accurately. This solution gradually approaches the maximum power point through continuous iterative optimization.

[0010] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after executing a preset power adjustment strategy to make the target power point oscillate at the maximum power point, the method also includes: when a change in the current lighting parameters is detected, determining a new voltage adjustment direction and a new voltage adjustment step size based on the impact of the last increase or decrease in the target operating voltage point on the new output power; using the last determined maximum power point as a reference point, adjusting the target operating voltage point according to the new voltage adjustment direction and the new voltage adjustment step size until the target power point oscillates at the new maximum power point.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the system detects changes in lighting parameters, it fully utilizes the empirical data of the last voltage adjustment, including the impact of voltage adjustment on output power. This adjustment method based on historical experience enables the system to directly determine the new adjustment direction and step size based on the effect of the last adjustment. At the same time, by adjusting the last determined maximum power point as a reference point, the process of restarting the optimization is avoided. This strategy reduces the number of exploratory adjustments, improves the system's response speed to changes in lighting, and enables the system to quickly and accurately track the new maximum power point.

[0012] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after executing a preset power adjustment strategy to make the target power point oscillate at the maximum power point, the method also includes: obtaining historical power data and determining whether the amount of historical power data is greater than a preset number threshold; if the amount of historical power data is less than or equal to the preset number threshold, executing the step of determining a new voltage adjustment direction and a new voltage adjustment step size based on the impact of the last increase or decrease in the target operating voltage point on the new output power when a change in the current illumination parameter is detected; if the amount of historical power data is greater than the preset number threshold, using a piecewise linear fitting method to establish a power-voltage characteristic curve based on the historical power data; when a change in the current illumination parameter is detected, determining a new voltage adjustment direction based on the change in the slope of the power-voltage characteristic curve; calculating the illumination change rate, the illumination change rate is the rate of change of the illumination intensity, and determining the voltage compensation value based on the illumination change rate; based on the power-voltage characteristic curve, adjusting the target operating voltage point using an adaptive variable step size perturbation method, wherein the adaptive variable step size is proportional to the voltage compensation value.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the system establishes a dual-mode control mechanism, and selects the appropriate control strategy by judging the amount of historical power data. When the amount of data is small, a simple control based on the experience of the last adjustment is adopted; when the amount of data is sufficient, a piecewise linear fitting is used to establish the power-voltage characteristic curve, and the voltage compensation value is determined in combination with the rate of change of light. In particular, an adaptive variable step size disturbance method is adopted to make the step size proportional to the voltage compensation value, realizing the dynamic optimization of the control strategy. This intelligent control mechanism improves the response speed and control accuracy of the system under different working conditions.

[0014] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the maximum power point determined last time is used as a reference point, and the target operating voltage point is adjusted according to the new voltage adjustment direction and the new voltage adjustment step until the target power point oscillates at the new maximum power point. After the step, the method also includes: calculating the power change rate, the power change rate is the change value of the target power point per unit time; when the power change rate is greater than a first preset threshold, obtaining the current state of charge of the power storage device; if the current state of charge is less than the preset upper limit of the charge, the power part exceeding the first preset threshold is allocated to the power storage device; if the current state of charge is less than the preset upper limit of the charge, the power part exceeding the first preset threshold is allocated to the power storage device; If the current state of charge is greater than or equal to the preset upper charge limit, the maximum allowable power change value is calculated based on the current electrolytic cell temperature; the portion exceeding the maximum allowable power change value is passivated by adjusting the target operating voltage point; when the power change rate is negative and its absolute value is greater than a second preset threshold value, the current state of charge of the energy storage device is obtained; if the current state of charge is greater than the preset lower charge limit, energy is released from the energy storage device to supplement the power deficit; if the current state of charge is less than or equal to the preset lower charge limit, the maximum allowable power reduction value is calculated based on the current working state of the electrolytic cell; and the power reduction rate is controlled not to exceed the maximum allowable power reduction value.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solutions, the system has built a complete power change buffer mechanism. When the power rises rapidly, the system gives priority to storing excess power in the power storage device. If the power storage device has reached the upper limit, the power rise rate is controlled by the maximum allowable power change value. When the power drops rapidly, energy is replenished from the power storage device first. If the storage capacity is insufficient, the drop rate is controlled by the maximum allowable power reduction value. This multi-level buffer protection mechanism effectively prevents drastic fluctuations in the system's working state and improves the stability and reliability of the system.

[0016] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, based on the power-voltage characteristic curve, the target operating voltage point is adjusted by an adaptive variable step size disturbance method, wherein after the step of the adaptive variable step size being proportional to the voltage compensation value, the method further includes: calculating the power change rate, the power change rate being the change value of the target power point per unit time; when the power change rate is greater than a first preset threshold value, obtaining the current state of charge of the power storage device; if the current state of charge is less than the preset upper charge limit, allocating the power portion exceeding the first preset threshold value to the power storage device; if the current state of charge is greater than or equal to the preset upper charge limit, calculating the maximum allowable power change value based on the current electrolytic cell temperature; passivating the portion exceeding the maximum allowable power change value by adjusting the target operating voltage point; when the power change rate is negative and its absolute value is greater than a second preset threshold value, obtaining the current state of charge of the power storage device; if the current state of charge is greater than the preset lower charge limit, releasing energy from the power storage device to supplement the power deficit; if the current state of charge is less than or equal to the preset lower charge limit, calculating the maximum allowable power reduction value based on the current working state of the electrolytic cell; and controlling the power reduction rate not to exceed the maximum allowable power reduction value.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solutions, the system has built a complete power change buffer mechanism. When the power rises rapidly, the system gives priority to storing excess power in the power storage device. If the power storage device has reached the upper limit, the power rise rate is controlled by the maximum allowable power change value. When the power drops rapidly, energy is replenished from the power storage device first. If the storage capacity is insufficient, the drop rate is controlled by the maximum allowable power reduction value. This multi-level buffer protection mechanism effectively prevents drastic fluctuations in the system's working state and improves the stability and reliability of the system.

[0018] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, if after the step of the target power point being less than or equal to the total energy receiving power, the method further includes: using pulse electrolysis technology to periodically switch between high-frequency pulses and direct current electrolysis, and adjusting the pulse duty cycle to a first preset value, the first preset value corresponding to the maximum energy utilization efficiency; if after the step of the required energy being less than or equal to the excess energy, the method further includes: using pulse electrolysis technology to periodically switch between high-frequency pulses and direct current electrolysis, and adjusting the pulse duty cycle to a second preset value, wherein the second preset value is greater than the first preset value, and the first preset value corresponds to the maximum energy utilization efficiency; if after the step of the required energy being greater than the excess energy, the method further includes: using pulse electrolysis technology to periodically switch between high-frequency pulses and direct current electrolysis, and adjusting the pulse duty cycle to a third preset value, wherein the third preset value is less than the second preset value and greater than the first preset value.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the system dynamically adjusts the pulse duty cycle according to the current working conditions: maintaining the first preset value with the highest energy utilization efficiency under normal working conditions, increasing it to the second preset value to accelerate the temperature rise when the temperature needs to be increased, and using the third preset value between the two when the power is limited. This dynamic duty cycle adjustment mechanism based on working conditions achieves the optimal balance between energy utilization efficiency and hydrogen production rate, and improves the overall performance of the system.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system, which includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code includes computer instructions, and one or more processors call the computer instructions to enable the photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system to execute the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation method of the first aspect.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on a photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system, enables the photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system to execute the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0022] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, which, when executed on a photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system, enables the photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system to execute the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0023] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. The system determines whether adjustment is needed by judging the relationship between the current illumination parameters and the preset threshold. In the adjustment state, the system realizes dynamic adjustment of the target power point by calculating the total energy receiving power. When the target power point is greater than the total energy receiving power, the system will analyze the required energy and excess energy in combination with the electrolyzer temperature, and then decide whether to increase the electrolyzer temperature or adjust the operating voltage point. This dynamic adjustment mechanism based on multiple parameters enables the system to flexibly allocate energy according to real-time working conditions, avoiding the situation where electricity is forced to be connected to the grid. At the same time, when the hydrogen production power is not high, the system performance is improved through temperature adjustment, and finally the energy utilization efficiency is improved.

[0024] 2. When the system detects changes in illumination parameters, it makes full use of the empirical data of the last voltage adjustment, including the impact of voltage adjustment on output power. This adjustment method based on historical experience enables the system to directly determine the new adjustment direction and step size based on the effect of the last adjustment. At the same time, by adjusting the last determined maximum power point as the reference point, the process of restarting the optimization is avoided. This strategy reduces the number of exploratory adjustments, improves the system's response speed to illumination changes, and enables the system to quickly and accurately track the new maximum power point.

[0025] 3. The system has established a dual-mode control mechanism, which selects the appropriate control strategy by judging the amount of historical power data. When the amount of data is small, a simple control based on the experience of the last adjustment is adopted; when the amount of data is sufficient, a piecewise linear fitting is used to establish the power-voltage characteristic curve, and the voltage compensation value is determined in combination with the rate of change of illumination. In particular, an adaptive variable step size disturbance method is adopted to make the step size proportional to the voltage compensation value, thus realizing the dynamic optimization of the control strategy. This intelligent control mechanism improves the response speed and control accuracy of the system under different working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is another flow chart of the photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is another flow chart of the photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is another flow chart of the photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is another flow chart of the photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is an exemplary hardware structure diagram of the photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The terms used in the following embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to be used as limitations to the present application. As used in the specification and appended claims of the present application, the singular expressions "one", "a kind of", "said", "above", "" and "this" are intended to also include plural expressions, unless there is a clear indication to the contrary in the context. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in the present application refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more listed items.

[0028] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as suggesting or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features, and in the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0029] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method in an embodiment of the present application; S101, obtaining current lighting parameters, and determining whether the current lighting parameters are greater than a preset lighting threshold; The light parameter indicates the light intensity received by the solar panel, in W / m²; the preset light threshold refers to the minimum effective light intensity value preset by the system, which is used to determine whether the current light conditions are suitable for subsequent judgment links.

[0030] If the current illumination parameter is less than or equal to the illumination threshold, all current execution operations are terminated and the system enters a waiting state until the first data collection moment of the next sampling cycle arrives, and new illumination parameters are obtained again.

[0031] S102, if the current illumination parameter is greater than the illumination threshold, obtaining corresponding power points at several different initial operating voltage points; The first paragraph: Several different initial operating voltage points usually refer to a plurality of uniformly distributed voltage values ​​selected within the operating range of the solar cell panel.

[0032] The step is executed immediately after confirming that the lighting conditions meet the requirements. In some embodiments, the system applies different operating voltages in sequence through the control circuit, measures the corresponding output current, and calculates the output power corresponding to each voltage point by multiplying the voltage and current. This process is similar to a quick scan of the IV characteristic curve of the solar panel, providing basic data for subsequent search for the maximum power point.

[0033] S103, selecting a maximum power point from the power points as a target power point, and a corresponding initial operating voltage point as a target operating voltage point; S104, collecting the charging power of the power storage device and the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer, and calculating the total energy receiving power; In some embodiments, the system measures the real-time efficiency parameters of the power storage device and the electrolyzer respectively, and calculates the overall energy conversion efficiency of the system through a specific algorithm. This efficiency value will serve as an important reference for subsequent power regulation.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, the operating parameters of each device are collected; a table is looked up according to the device characteristic curve; each efficiency value is calculated in real time; and the total efficiency is obtained by synthesis, which is not limited here.

[0035] S105, determining whether the target power point is greater than the total energy receiving power; In some embodiments, the system compares the target power point with the calculated total energy received power, and the comparison result determines whether the system chooses to improve efficiency or adjust the target power point.

[0036] S106, if the target power point is less than or equal to the total energy receiving power, executing a preset power adjustment strategy to make the target power point oscillate at the maximum power point; In some embodiments, the preset power adjustment strategy includes: executing the following loop steps: Increase or decrease the target operating voltage point; obtain a new output power based on the adjusted target operating voltage point; Determine the relationship between the new output power and the target power point; If the new output power is greater than the target power point, the target operating voltage point is increased in the same manner; If the new output power is less than the target power point, the target operating voltage point is reduced in the same way; Based on the adjusted target operating voltage point, a new output power value is obtained as the new output power.

[0037] In some embodiments, the system uses a perturbation observation method to slightly adjust the operating voltage and observe the power change trend to determine the next adjustment direction. This method enables the system to continuously search for the optimal target power point in a dynamic environment.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, a fixed voltage adjustment step is set; the operating voltage is increased and the current is measured; a new power value is calculated; power changes are compared; and the adjustment effect is recorded, which is not limited here.

[0039] The same way means that the change direction of the last adjustment remains unchanged. For example, if the voltage was increased last time, the voltage will continue to increase this time. If the voltage was decreased last time, the voltage will continue to decrease this time. When the system approaches the maximum power point by continuously adjusting the voltage, the target power point will fluctuate around the maximum power point due to the existence of the adjustment. This is a common phenomenon in MPPT (maximum power point tracking) control.

[0040] The step is performed after obtaining the new output power. In some embodiments, the system continuously adjusts the operating voltage according to the power change trend until the target power point oscillates stably near the maximum power point. This control strategy can ensure that the system always operates near the optimal state.

[0041] In some specific embodiments, the system first obtains the current power value and compares it with the power value at the previous moment, determines the direction of increase or decrease of voltage regulation according to the power change trend, and then continuously adjusts the voltage value according to the preset step size, while monitoring in real time whether the power curve oscillates. When the fluctuation amplitude of the power value is less than the preset range and lasts for a specified period of time, it is determined that the system has reached a stable working state, which is not limited here.

[0042] It can be seen that the target operating voltage point is adjusted by adopting a cyclic control method, and the output power is re-obtained after each adjustment. The next adjustment direction is determined according to the relationship between the output power and the target power point, so that the maximum power point can be tracked quickly and accurately. This scheme gradually approaches the maximum power point through continuous iterative optimization.

[0043] S107. If the target power point is greater than the total energy received power, the current temperature of the electrolytic cell is obtained; In some embodiments, the system monitors the temperature of the electrolytic cell in real time via a temperature sensor to provide basic data for subsequent temperature regulation and energy distribution.

[0044] S108, calculating the energy required to raise the current temperature of the electrolytic cell to the optimal working temperature and the excess energy, wherein the difference between the target power point and the total energy received power is subtracted; the product of the difference and the time required to raise the current temperature to the optimal working temperature is taken as the excess energy; Among them, the optimal operating temperature refers to the temperature value when the electrolyzer has the highest efficiency; the required energy refers to the heat required to heat the electrolyzer from the current temperature to the optimal operating temperature; the excess energy refers to the additional energy that exceeds the actual heating requirement in the process of raising the current temperature of the electrolyzer to the optimal operating temperature. It is determined by subtracting the total energy received power from the target power point to obtain the difference, and then multiplying the difference by the time required to raise the current temperature to the optimal operating temperature; In some embodiments, the current temperature of the electrolyzer must first be determined, and its optimal operating temperature must be known. Then, the pre-set target power point and the specific value of the total energy receiving power at this moment must be determined, and a difference is obtained by subtracting the two. This difference reflects the power margin. Then, based on the estimated time required to raise the current temperature to the optimal operating temperature, the difference is multiplied by the time required. The result is excess energy, that is, the relatively excess energy during the temperature increase process. In some specific embodiments, before step S108, the method further includes: S501, collecting the voltage and current at both ends of the electrolytic cell, and calculating the dynamic impedance of the electrolytic cell; In some embodiments, the system collects the voltage and current data of the electrolyzer in real time through high-precision sensors, and the sampling frequency needs to be high enough to capture rapidly changing electrical signals. After signal conditioning and digital filtering, the collected data is processed by mathematical methods such as Fourier transform to calculate the dynamic impedance value at different frequencies. This process needs to consider measurement error compensation and data smoothing.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, the voltage and current acquisition instrument is first initialized and configured and calibrated, and appropriate data sampling frequency and sampling accuracy parameters are set. The voltage and current raw data of the electrolyzer are continuously collected, and the collected data are filtered and signal conditioned. The dynamic impedance value of the electrolyzer is calculated using the processed data. Specifically, if it is a DC working condition, the voltage value at both ends of the electrolyzer and the current value flowing through the electrolyzer can be collected. According to Ohm's law, the static impedance of the electrolyzer can be obtained by directly dividing the voltage value by the current value. If it is an AC working condition, it is necessary to first obtain the waveform data of the voltage and current, obtain their amplitude and phase information through Fourier transform, and then divide the amplitude of the voltage by the amplitude of the current to obtain the size of the impedance, and calculate the difference between the voltage phase and the current phase to obtain the phase angle of the impedance, thereby obtaining a complete complex impedance value. Finally, the calculation results are stored in a database in a time series for subsequent analysis, which is not limited here.

[0046] S502, establishing a correlation curve between dynamic impedance and temperature, and obtaining a corresponding relationship between electrolysis efficiency and temperature; In some embodiments, the system controls the temperature to change within a certain range, records the corresponding dynamic impedance value, and obtains the impedance-temperature curve through data fitting. Then, combining the thermodynamics and kinetics theory of the electrolysis reaction, a functional relationship between temperature and electrolysis efficiency is established.

[0047] S503: Determine the optimal working temperature according to the corresponding relationship.

[0048] In some embodiments, the system analyzes the characteristics of the temperature-efficiency curve to find the temperature point where the efficiency reaches the maximum value.

[0049] In some specific embodiments, the obtained temperature-efficiency curve is first numerically analyzed to grasp the changing trend, and the maximum point of the curve is found as the theoretical optimal temperature through mathematical methods. The actual operating constraints such as equipment tolerance and safety are combined for screening, and the screening results are experimentally verified to ensure their feasibility. The temperature control range during actual operation is determined based on the verification results, and finally the optimization results of the best operating temperature and its allowable fluctuation range are output, which are not limited here.

[0050] It can be seen that by collecting the voltage and current data of the electrolytic cell in real time, calculating the dynamic impedance, and establishing a correlation curve with temperature, the accurate correspondence between the electrolysis efficiency and temperature can be obtained.

[0051] S109, determining whether the required energy is greater than the excess energy; S110, if the required energy is less than or equal to the excess energy, the current temperature of the electrolytic cell is increased to the optimal operating temperature, and step S102 is executed; In some embodiments, the system controls the heating device to increase the temperature of the electrolytic cell and monitors the temperature change process. When the optimal operating temperature is reached, the power point scan is re-executed to find the optimal target power point under the new operating state.

[0052] S111 , if the required energy is greater than the excess energy, executing a preset power adjustment strategy to make the target power point oscillate within the total energy receiving power.

[0053] It should be noted that the principle and process of this step are the same as those of S106 , and the relevant embodiments may refer to step S106 , which is not limited here.

[0054] It can be seen that the system determines whether adjustment is needed by judging the relationship between the current illumination parameters and the preset threshold. In the adjustment state, the system realizes dynamic adjustment of the target power point by calculating the total energy receiving power. When the target power point is greater than the total energy receiving power, the system will analyze the required energy and excess energy in combination with the electrolyzer temperature, and then decide whether to increase the electrolyzer temperature or adjust the operating voltage point. This dynamic adjustment mechanism based on multiple parameters enables the system to flexibly allocate energy according to real-time operating conditions, avoiding the situation where electricity is forced to be connected to the grid. At the same time, when the hydrogen production power is not high, the system performance is improved through temperature adjustment, and ultimately the energy utilization efficiency is improved.

[0055] In actual operation, when the illumination parameters change, the above embodiment does not fully utilize the empirical data of the last adjustment (i.e., the influence of the last voltage adjustment on the output power), but restarts the optimization process. This causes the system to repeat multiple exploratory adjustments, resulting in a slow response speed and an inability to find a new optimal target power point in time.

[0056] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is another flow chart of the photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method in the embodiment of the present application; In some embodiments, after step S106, the method further includes: S201, when a change in the current illumination parameter is detected, determining a new voltage adjustment direction and a new voltage adjustment step size according to the impact of the last increase or decrease in the target operating voltage point on the new output power; The step is executed when the system detects a change in the lighting conditions. In some embodiments, the system first monitors the change in the lighting parameters through the lighting sensor, and then analyzes the impact of the last voltage adjustment on the output power. By comparing the power change trend before and after the adjustment, the system calculates the new optimal voltage adjustment direction. At the same time, based on the amplitude of the power change, the system dynamically calculates the new voltage adjustment step to adapt to the new lighting conditions. This adaptive adjustment strategy enables the system to respond quickly to environmental changes.

[0057] In some specific embodiments, firstly, the light sensor data is collected in real time to obtain the change trend of the light intensity, the power change rate per unit time is calculated according to the current power value and historical data, the influence of the last voltage regulation on the system performance is analyzed, and the increase or decrease direction of the next voltage regulation is determined in combination with the power change trend, and the appropriate adjustment step is dynamically calculated based on the change slope of the power curve, and finally the optimized voltage regulation control parameters are output. This is not limited here.

[0058] In some embodiments, a power change amount is obtained, where the power change amount is a difference between a current power and a previous power; Obtaining a voltage change, where the voltage change is the difference between the current voltage and the previous voltage; Calculate the ratio of power change to voltage change; If the ratio is greater than zero, it is determined that the new voltage adjustment direction is the same as the last adjustment direction; if the ratio is less than zero, it is determined that the new voltage adjustment direction is opposite to the last adjustment direction; A new voltage adjustment step is determined according to the absolute value of the ratio. The larger the absolute value of the ratio is, the larger the determined voltage adjustment step is; and the smaller the absolute value of the ratio is, the smaller the determined voltage adjustment step is.

[0059] S202: Taking the last determined maximum power point as a reference point, adjusting the target operating voltage point according to a new voltage adjustment direction and a new voltage adjustment step size until the target power point oscillates at a new maximum power point.

[0060] In some embodiments, the system uses the last found maximum power point as the starting reference point and gradually adjusts the operating voltage in the newly determined direction and step size. After each adjustment, the system monitors the change in output power. When it detects that the power begins to oscillate around a certain point, it indicates that it is approaching a new maximum power point. The system will maintain this oscillation state to ensure that it always works near the optimal power point.

[0061] The maximum power point determined last time is actually a dynamic update process: every time the system detects a change in light intensity, the current maximum power point will change; before a new round of adjustment begins, the previously found maximum power point will be used as a new reference point; a new maximum power point will be found through the adjustment process; this newly found maximum power point will become the "last determined maximum power point" for the next adjustment (when light intensity changes again); therefore, the maximum power point is not determined only once, but is re-determined after each light intensity change. This is a continuous, iterative process.

[0062] It can be seen that when the system detects changes in illumination parameters, it makes full use of the empirical data of the last voltage adjustment, including the impact of voltage adjustment on output power. This adjustment method based on historical experience enables the system to directly determine the new adjustment direction and step size based on the effect of the last adjustment. At the same time, by adjusting the last determined maximum power point as a reference point, the process of restarting the optimization is avoided. This strategy reduces the number of exploratory adjustments, improves the system's response speed to illumination changes, and enables the system to quickly and accurately track the new maximum power point.

[0063] In actual operation, the above two embodiments use a single control method to deal with light changes. They neither select a suitable control strategy based on the amount of historical data nor use the power-voltage characteristic curve and the light change rate to optimize the adjustment step size, resulting in the system's response speed under different working conditions being less than ideal.

[0064] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is another flow chart of the photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method in the embodiment of the present application; In some embodiments, after step S106, the method further includes: S301, obtaining historical power data, and determining whether the amount of historical power data is greater than a preset amount threshold; The historical power data refers to the output power values ​​and their corresponding operating voltage values ​​recorded by the system in the past period of time.

[0065] S302: If the amount of historical power data is less than or equal to a preset amount threshold, execute step S201; S303: if the amount of historical power data is greater than a preset amount threshold, a piecewise linear fitting method is used to establish a power-voltage characteristic curve according to the historical power data; Among them, the piecewise linear fitting method refers to a mathematical processing method that divides the power-voltage data point set into several intervals for linear fitting; the power-voltage characteristic curve represents the relationship curve between the power and voltage of a solar cell under specific conditions; and the linear fitting means using a straight line segment to approximate the relationship between data points.

[0066] The step is performed after confirming that the historical data is sufficient. In some embodiments, the system first pre-processes and groups the historical data, and then applies the least squares method to perform linear fitting in each voltage interval, and finally obtains a segmented power-voltage characteristic curve. This segmented processing method can more accurately describe nonlinear characteristics while maintaining computational efficiency.

[0067] In some specific embodiments, the collected raw data is first filtered and classified, the appropriate segmentation interval range is determined according to the data distribution characteristics, linear fitting is performed on the data of each interval to obtain a piecewise function, the fitting error of each interval is calculated and compared with a preset threshold, and the fitting effect is optimized by adjusting the segmentation point position, and finally a complete piecewise linear characteristic curve is generated, which is not limited here.

[0068] S304, when a change in the current illumination parameter is detected, determining a new voltage adjustment direction based on a change in the slope of the power-voltage characteristic curve; Among them, the slope change indicates the change of the derivative of the power-voltage characteristic curve in different intervals; the new voltage adjustment direction refers to the voltage increase or decrease trend determined by the slope change; the current light parameter indicates the real-time measured solar radiation intensity and incident angle. For example, when the slope changes from positive to negative, it indicates that the maximum power point has been crossed and adjustment in the opposite direction is required.

[0069] S305, calculating the illumination change rate, which is the rate of change of illumination intensity, and determining a voltage compensation value based on the illumination change rate; In some embodiments, the system first calculates the rate of change of light intensity in a short period of time, and then maps the rate of change of light intensity to a corresponding voltage compensation value according to a pre-established relationship model. This compensation mechanism can deal with the impact of light intensity changes in advance and improve the response speed of the system.

[0070] In some specific embodiments, this is achieved through the following steps: first, real-time light intensity data is collected and filtered, the rate of change of light intensity per unit time is calculated, a parameter mapping relationship is established based on the rate of change and the system response, the compensation value required under the current working condition is calculated based on the mapping relationship, and finally, it is verified whether the compensation value is within the adjustment range allowed by the system, which is not limited here.

[0071] S306 , based on the power-voltage characteristic curve, the target operating voltage point is adjusted by using an adaptive variable step size disturbance method, wherein the adaptive variable step size is proportional to the voltage compensation value.

[0072] Among them, the adaptive variable step size represents the voltage regulation amplitude dynamically adjusted according to the system status.

[0073] In some embodiments, the system uses a variable step size perturbation method to adjust the operating voltage based on the established power-voltage characteristic curve. The step size is proportional to the voltage compensation value. This adaptive mechanism can use a larger step size for rapid adjustment when the light changes drastically, and a smaller step size for fine adjustment when approaching the optimal point.

[0074] It can be seen that the system has established a dual-mode control mechanism, which selects the appropriate control strategy by judging the amount of historical power data. When the amount of data is small, a simple control based on the experience of the last adjustment is adopted; when the amount of data is sufficient, a piecewise linear fitting is used to establish the power-voltage characteristic curve, and the voltage compensation value is determined in combination with the rate of change of light. In particular, an adaptive variable step size perturbation method is adopted to make the step size proportional to the voltage compensation value, realizing the dynamic optimization of the control strategy. This intelligent control mechanism improves the response speed and control accuracy of the system under different working conditions.

[0075] In actual operation, the system lacks a buffer protection mechanism for rapid power changes. The changed power is directly applied to the system, which can easily cause drastic fluctuations in the system's working state.

[0076] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is another flow chart of the photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method in the embodiment of the present application; In some embodiments, after step S202, the method further includes: S203, calculating the power change rate, where the power change rate is the change value of the target power point per unit time; S204, when the power change rate is greater than a first preset threshold, obtaining a current state of charge of the power storage device; S205: If the current state of charge is less than the preset upper limit of charge, the power portion exceeding the first preset threshold is allocated to the power storage device; The preset upper charge limit indicates the maximum charge amount allowed by the power storage device; the power portion exceeding the first preset threshold value refers to the excess power that needs to be stored; The step is performed when it is confirmed that the energy storage system has charging space. In some embodiments, the system calculates the power value exceeding the threshold, and then determines the optimal charging power allocation plan based on the characteristics and current status of the energy storage device.

[0077] In some specific embodiments, the currently available excess energy of the system is first calculated, the remaining charging capacity and charging demand of the energy storage device are evaluated, the optimal power allocation strategy is formulated according to the priority, the corresponding charging control instructions are executed, the voltage and current parameters during the charging process are monitored in real time, and the charging power parameters are dynamically adjusted according to the monitoring results.

[0078] S206, if the current state of charge is greater than or equal to the preset upper limit of charge, then calculating the maximum allowable power change value based on the current electrolytic cell temperature; Among them, the electrolytic cell temperature represents the working temperature of the electrolytic device; the maximum allowable power change value refers to the power change range that the electrolytic cell can safely withstand at the current temperature; and the calculation based on the current electrolytic cell temperature represents determining the safe operating range based on the temperature parameters.

[0079] The step is performed when the energy storage system cannot receive excess power. In some embodiments, the system monitors the temperature of the electrolyzer in real time through a temperature sensor, and calculates the maximum power change rate that the electrolyzer can safely withstand under current conditions based on a pre-established temperature-power relationship model.

[0080] In some specific embodiments, the current real-time temperature data of the electrolytic cell is first collected, and the pre-established temperature-power characteristic curve is queried to obtain a reference value. The maximum power change limit allowed at the current temperature is calculated according to the equipment safety operation requirements, and the corresponding correction coefficient is applied to the limit in combination with the system load status. Finally, the limit parameters of the maximum allowable power change are output, which are not limited here.

[0081] S207, passivating the portion exceeding the maximum allowable power variation value by adjusting the target operating voltage point; Among them, passivation refers to the process of reducing the actual output power by adjusting the operating voltage; adjusting the target operating voltage point means changing the operating voltage of the system to control the output power; the part exceeding the maximum allowable power change value represents the excess power that needs to be eliminated by passivation.

[0082] In some embodiments, the system can actively suppress the output power by precisely controlling the operating voltage. This passivation process needs to consider the response speed, system stability and energy conversion efficiency to ensure that the system operates smoothly within a safe range.

[0083] S208, when the power change rate is negative and its absolute value is greater than a second preset threshold, obtaining a current state of charge of the power storage device; Wherein, a negative power change rate indicates that the output power is in a decreasing state; the second preset threshold value refers to the standard value of the power decrease rate allowed by the system; The step is executed when a rapid power drop is detected. In some embodiments, the system continuously monitors the power change trend. When it is found that the power drop rate exceeds a preset threshold, the energy storage system status is immediately checked to prepare for possible energy replenishment. This monitoring mechanism can respond to power shortages in a timely manner.

[0084] S209, if the current state of charge is greater than the preset lower limit of charge, releasing energy from the power storage device to supplement the power deficit; The steps are performed when the energy storage system has sufficient power. In some embodiments, the system formulates an optimal discharge strategy based on the power deficit and the current state of the energy storage device to ensure that the energy storage system will not be over-consumed while energy is replenished.

[0085] S2010, if the current state of charge is less than or equal to the preset lower limit of charge, then calculating the maximum allowable power reduction value based on the current working state of the electrolyzer; In some embodiments, the system comprehensively analyzes multiple operating parameters of the electrolytic cell, such as temperature, pressure, current density, etc., and calculates the maximum power reduction rate allowed in the current state through a preset safety model to ensure that the safety performance of the system is not affected.

[0086] In some specific embodiments, based on the rated power of the electrolyzer, the minimum operating power limit for maintaining normal operation is determined, which is usually 20% to 30% of the rated power, and the difference between the current actual power and the minimum operating power is used as the first limit value.

[0087] Secondly, based on the current temperature and the lowest allowable operating temperature, the minimum power required to maintain the lowest temperature is calculated, and the difference between the current power and the power maintained at this temperature is used as the second limit value.

[0088] Again, based on the system's minimum hydrogen production demand, the power value required to maintain the minimum hydrogen production is calculated, and the difference between the current power and the minimum hydrogen production power is used as the third limiting value.

[0089] Finally, the minimum value among the above three limit values ​​is taken as the maximum allowable power reduction value under the current working condition of the system to ensure that the system can still maintain safe and stable operation after the power reduction. No limitation is made here.

[0090] S2011. Control the power reduction rate not to exceed the maximum allowable power reduction value.

[0091] In some embodiments, the system monitors the power change trend in real time, and when it detects that the reduction rate may exceed the limit, it immediately takes control measures to moderate the power reduction rate by adjusting relevant parameters to ensure safe system operation.

[0092] In some embodiments, after step S306, the method further includes: S203 to S2011 It can be seen that the system has built a complete power change buffer mechanism. When the power rises rapidly, the system gives priority to storing excess power in the power storage device. If the power storage device has reached the upper limit, the power rise rate is controlled by the maximum allowable power change value. When the power drops rapidly, energy is replenished from the power storage device first. If the power storage is insufficient, the drop rate is controlled by the maximum allowable power reduction value. This multi-level buffer protection mechanism effectively prevents drastic fluctuations in the system's working state and improves the stability and reliability of the system.

[0093] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is another flow chart of the photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method in the embodiment of the present application; During actual operation, the system lacks a mechanism to dynamically adjust the duty cycle according to the input energy size and temperature requirements, and is unable to achieve the optimal balance between energy utilization efficiency and hydrogen production rate under different operating conditions.

[0094] In some embodiments, after step S106, the method further includes: S401, using pulse electrolysis technology, periodically switching between high-frequency pulse and direct current electrolysis, and adjusting the pulse duty cycle to a first preset value, the first preset value corresponding to the maximum energy utilization efficiency; Among them, pulse electrolysis technology refers to the technology of electrolysis by periodically changing the electrolysis current; high-frequency pulses refer to periodic current changes with a higher frequency; direct current electrolysis refers to the electrolysis process using a constant current; the pulse duty cycle refers to the proportion of the power-on time in a pulse cycle to the total cycle; the first preset value refers to the optimal duty cycle value determined after optimization; energy utilization efficiency refers to the ratio of input electrical energy converted into chemical energy.

[0095] In some embodiments, the system first starts the pulse generator to generate a pulse signal of a specific frequency, and then achieves the optimal duty cycle by precisely controlling the on-off time ratio. The system continuously monitors the energy utilization efficiency and ensures that the duty cycle is maintained at the optimal value through feedback regulation.

[0096] After step S110, the method further includes: S402, using pulse electrolysis technology, periodically switching between high-frequency pulse and direct current electrolysis, and adjusting the pulse duty cycle to a second preset value, wherein the second preset value is greater than the first preset value, and the first preset value corresponds to the maximum energy utilization efficiency; Among them, the second preset value represents the duty cycle value after optimization under specific working conditions; periodic switching means that the system regularly switches between two electrolysis modes; being greater than the first preset value indicates that the duty cycle value needs to be increased to adapt to new working conditions.

[0097] In some embodiments, the system increases the pulse duty cycle to a higher level according to the working conditions, and improves the system response capability by increasing the effective power-on time. This adjustment needs to gradually achieve the transition of the duty cycle while ensuring the stability of the system, and avoid the negative impact caused by sudden changes.

[0098] After step S111, the method further includes: S403, using pulse electrolysis technology, periodically switching between high-frequency pulses and direct current electrolysis, and adjusting the pulse duty cycle to a third preset value, wherein the third preset value is less than the second preset value and greater than the first preset value.

[0099] Among them, the third preset value represents a duty cycle value between the first preset value and the second preset value; less than the second preset value and greater than the first preset value indicates that the duty cycle needs to be maintained at an intermediate level; periodic switching refers to regular conversion between high-frequency pulse and direct current electrolysis modes.

[0100] In some embodiments, the system strikes a balance between energy efficiency and system responsiveness by setting an appropriate duty cycle value.

[0101] It can be seen that the system dynamically adjusts the pulse duty cycle according to the current working conditions: maintaining the first preset value with the highest energy utilization efficiency under normal working conditions, increasing it to the second preset value to accelerate the temperature rise when the temperature needs to be increased, and using the third preset value between the two when the power is limited. This dynamic duty cycle adjustment mechanism based on working conditions achieves the optimal balance between energy utilization efficiency and hydrogen production rate, and improves the overall performance of the system.

[0102] The following introduces an exemplary photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system 600 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of an exemplary hardware structure of a photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system 600 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0103] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system 600 is a computer device or the photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system 600 includes a computer device. The computer device includes a processor, a memory and a network interface connected via a system bus. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store data. The network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with other external terminals or servers through a network connection. In some embodiments, the network interface can be a wired network interface, and in some embodiments, the network interface can also be a wireless network interface. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the method in the embodiment of the present application is implemented.

[0104] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 6 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0105] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

[0106] As used in the above embodiments, the term "when..." may be interpreted to mean "if..." or "after..." or "in response to determining..." or "in response to detecting...", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "upon determining..." or "if (the stated condition or event) is detected" may be interpreted to mean "if determining..." or "in response to determining..." or "upon detecting (the stated condition or event)" or "in response to detecting (the stated condition or event)", depending on the context.

[0107] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state hard disk), etc.

[0108] Those skilled in the art can understand that to implement all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments, the processes can be completed by computer programs to instruct related hardware, and the programs can be stored in computer-readable storage media. When the programs are executed, they can include the processes of the above-mentioned method embodiments. The aforementioned storage media include: ROM or random access memory RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control method, characterized in that: include: Obtaining current lighting parameters, and determining whether the current lighting parameters are greater than a preset lighting threshold; If the current illumination parameter is greater than the illumination threshold, obtaining corresponding power points at a plurality of different initial operating voltage points; Selecting a maximum power point from the power points as a target power point, and the corresponding initial operating voltage point as a target operating voltage point; Collect the charging power of the power storage device and the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer, and calculate the total energy receiving power; Determining whether the target power point is greater than the total energy receiving power; If the target power point is less than or equal to the total energy receiving power, executing a preset power adjustment strategy to make the target power point oscillate at the maximum power point; If the target power point is greater than the total energy received power, obtaining the current temperature of the electrolytic cell; Calculate the energy required to increase the current temperature of the electrolytic cell to the optimal operating temperature and the excess energy, wherein the difference between the target power point and the total energy received power is subtracted; and take the product of the difference and the time required to increase the current temperature to the optimal operating temperature as the excess energy; determining whether the required energy is greater than the excess energy; If the required energy is less than or equal to the excess energy, the current temperature of the electrolytic cell is increased to the optimal operating temperature, and the step of obtaining corresponding power points at several different initial operating voltage points is performed; If the required energy is greater than the excess energy, a preset power adjustment strategy is executed to make the target power point oscillate within the total energy receiving power.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preset power adjustment strategy specifically includes: Execute the following loop steps: Increasing or decreasing the target operating voltage point; obtaining a new output power based on the adjusted target operating voltage point; Determine the magnitude relationship between the new output power and the target power point; If the new output power is greater than the target power point, the target operating voltage point is increased in the same manner; If the new output power is less than the target power point, reducing the target operating voltage point in the same manner; Based on the adjusted target operating voltage point, a new output power value is obtained as the new output power.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that After the step of executing the preset power adjustment strategy to make the target power point oscillate at the maximum power point, the method further includes: When a change in the current illumination parameter is detected, determining a new voltage adjustment direction and a new voltage adjustment step size according to the effect of the last increase or decrease of the target operating voltage point on the new output power; The maximum power point determined last time is used as a reference point, and the target operating voltage point is adjusted according to the new voltage adjustment direction and the new voltage adjustment step size until the target power point oscillates at a new maximum power point.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that After the step of executing the preset power adjustment strategy to make the target power point oscillate at the maximum power point, the method further includes: Acquire historical power data, and determine whether the amount of the historical power data is greater than a preset amount threshold; If the amount of the historical power data is less than or equal to the preset amount threshold, then executing the step of determining a new voltage adjustment direction and a new voltage adjustment step size according to the impact of the last increase or decrease of the target operating voltage point on the new output power when the current illumination parameter is detected to have changed; If the amount of the historical power data is greater than the preset amount threshold, a piecewise linear fitting method is used to establish a power-voltage characteristic curve according to the historical power data; When a change in the current illumination parameter is detected, determining a new voltage adjustment direction based on a change in the slope of the power-voltage characteristic curve; Calculate the illumination change rate, where the illumination change rate is the rate of change of illumination intensity, and determine the voltage compensation value based on the illumination change rate; Based on the power-voltage characteristic curve, the target operating voltage point is adjusted by using an adaptive variable step size disturbance method, wherein the adaptive variable step size is proportional to the voltage compensation value.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: After the step of taking the last determined maximum power point as a reference point and adjusting the target operating voltage point according to the new voltage adjustment direction and the new voltage adjustment step until the target power point oscillates at the new maximum power point, the method further includes: Calculate the power change rate, where the power change rate is the change value of the target power point per unit time; When the power change rate is greater than a first preset threshold, obtaining a current state of charge of the power storage device; If the current state of charge is less than a preset upper charge limit, the power portion exceeding the first preset threshold is allocated to the power storage device; If the current state of charge is greater than or equal to the preset upper charge limit, then calculating the maximum allowable power change value based on the current electrolytic cell temperature; Passivating the portion exceeding the maximum allowable power variation value by adjusting the target operating voltage point; When the power change rate is negative and its absolute value is greater than a second preset threshold, obtaining a current state of charge of the power storage device; If the current state of charge is greater than a preset lower charge limit, releasing energy from the power storage device to supplement the power deficit; If the current state of charge is less than or equal to the preset lower charge limit, then calculating a maximum allowable power reduction value based on the current working state of the electrolyzer; The power reduction rate is controlled not to exceed the maximum allowable power reduction value.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that After the step of adjusting the target operating voltage point based on the power-voltage characteristic curve by using an adaptive variable step size perturbation method, wherein the adaptive variable step size is proportional to the voltage compensation value, the method further comprises: Calculate the power change rate, where the power change rate is the change value of the target power point per unit time; When the power change rate is greater than a first preset threshold, obtaining a current state of charge of the power storage device; If the current state of charge is less than a preset upper charge limit, the power portion exceeding the first preset threshold is allocated to the power storage device; If the current state of charge is greater than or equal to the preset upper charge limit, then calculating the maximum allowable power change value based on the current electrolytic cell temperature; Passivating the portion exceeding the maximum allowable power variation value by adjusting the target operating voltage point; When the power change rate is negative and its absolute value is greater than a second preset threshold, obtaining a current state of charge of the power storage device; If the current state of charge is greater than a preset lower charge limit, releasing energy from the power storage device to supplement the power deficit; If the current state of charge is less than or equal to the preset lower charge limit, then calculating a maximum allowable power reduction value based on the current working state of the electrolyzer; The power reduction rate is controlled not to exceed the maximum allowable power reduction value.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After the step of if the target power point is less than or equal to the total energy received power, the method further includes: Using pulse electrolysis technology, periodically switching between high-frequency pulse and direct current electrolysis, and adjusting the pulse duty cycle to a first preset value, the first preset value corresponding to the maximum energy utilization efficiency; After the step of if the required energy is less than or equal to the excess energy, the method further comprises: Using pulse electrolysis technology, periodically switching between high-frequency pulses and direct current electrolysis, adjusting the pulse duty cycle to a second preset value, wherein the second preset value is greater than the first preset value, and the first preset value corresponds to the maximum energy utilization efficiency; After the step of if the required energy is greater than the excess energy, the method further comprises: Pulse electrolysis technology is used to periodically switch between high-frequency pulses and direct current electrolysis, and the pulse duty cycle is adjusted to a third preset value, wherein the third preset value is less than the second preset value and greater than the first preset value.

8. A photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production control system, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code includes computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to enable the photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system to execute the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer program product comprising instructions, characterized in that When the computer program product runs on a photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system, the photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, characterized in that: When the instruction is executed on a photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system, the photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production control system executes the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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