Modular curved-surface photovoltaic tile and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular curved-surface photovoltaic tile and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of BIPV building integrated photovoltaics, the modular curved-surface photovoltaic tile comprises a curved-surface photovoltaic tile, the bottom of the curved-surface photovoltaic tile is provided with first high-light-transmission curved-surface tempered glass, the surface of the top of the first high-light-transmission curved-surface tempered glass is provided with a battery layer through a hot melt adhesive film, and the surface of the top of the first high-light-transmission curved-surface tempered glass is provided with a second high-light-transmission curved-surface tempered glass. The surface of the top of the battery layer is provided with a flexible back plate through a hot melt adhesive film, and the surface of the top of the flexible back plate is provided with second high-light-transmission curved tempered glass through a hot melt adhesive film. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the first high-light-transmission curved-surface tempered glass, the modularized curved-surface photovoltaic tile is prepared, the existing building outer wall and roof space can be utilized to improve the energy collection efficiency, the land use can be reduced, and the effects of saving and protecting the natural ecology are achieved; and the curved-surface photovoltaic tile is made into various styles and shapes through design, so that the curved-surface photovoltaic tile is better matched with the appearance of a building, and the practicability and artistry of the photovoltaic tile are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of BIPV photovoltaic building integration, and in particular to a modular curved photovoltaic tile and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic building integration refers to the technology of combining photovoltaic power generation devices with building materials so that the building itself can generate electricity. Photovoltaic tiles are the basic components. Generally speaking, photovoltaic tiles are composed of glass, film cells and back panels. The existing photovoltaic tiles are flat-plate structures, and their applicability and artistry are subject to certain limitations.

[0003] The defects of existing photovoltaic tiles are:

[0004] 1. Patent document US06360497B1 discloses photovoltaic cell module tiles, but the photovoltaic cell module tiles used in the above document are flat photovoltaic tiles. During use, it is difficult to improve the appearance of the building, the aesthetics are insufficient, and there are technical problems of low practicality and artistry;

[0005] 2. Patent document US06506970B2 discloses a power-generating roof tile with a photovoltaic module. However, the flat photovoltaic tile in the above document has poor light-concentrating performance and a technical problem of low light energy conversion efficiency.

[0006] 3. Patent document US07506477B2 discloses a roof tile with an integrated photovoltaic module. However, the roof tile in the above document is a flat photovoltaic tile. The tempered glass of the flat photovoltaic tile is relatively simple to manufacture and does not require adjustment of the curvature. Therefore, the molecular structure and internal stress distribution cannot be further strengthened. Therefore, there are technical problems of poor hardness and impact resistance.

[0007] 4. Patent document CN215452864U discloses a flat photovoltaic tile that is easy to waterproof. However, the shape and structure of the flat tile in the above document are usually simple, lacking a special ventilation structure design, so the thermal insulation performance is poor, and the aging speed is fast after long-term use. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular curved photovoltaic tile and a preparation method thereof to solve the technical problems raised in the above background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a modular curved photovoltaic tile, comprising a curved photovoltaic tile, the bottom of the curved photovoltaic tile is set as a first high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass, the top surface of the first high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass is installed with a battery layer through a hot-melt adhesive film, the top surface of the battery layer is installed with a flexible back panel through a hot-melt adhesive film, and the top surface of the flexible back panel is installed with a second high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass through a hot-melt adhesive film;

[0010] The side of the curved photovoltaic tile is covered with hot-melt edge-sealing tape, and the outer wall of the hot-melt edge-sealing tape is installed with an aluminum alloy frame. The aluminum alloy frame on one side of the curved photovoltaic tile and the aluminum alloy frame on the other side of another curved photovoltaic tile have an interlocking design. The aluminum alloy frame on one side of the curved photovoltaic tile includes a plurality of interlocking tooth blocks, and the aluminum alloy frame on the other side of the curved photovoltaic tile includes a plurality of interlocking tooth grooves.

[0011] Preferably, the method for preparing the modular curved photovoltaic tile is as follows:

[0012] Step S1, material preparation: using high-transmittance tempered glass, flexible photovoltaic cell module, flexible backplane, hot-melt adhesive film packaging material, hot-melt edge-sealing tape and aluminum alloy frame, and designing the curved curvature of the high-transmittance tempered glass to obtain the required high-transmittance curved tempered glass;

[0013] Step S2, battery module installation: a first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer is formed by laying a layer of hot-melt adhesive film on the surface of the first high-transmittance curved tempered glass, and the flexible photovoltaic battery modules are arranged in sequence on the first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer and connected in series to form the required battery layer;

[0014] Step S3, packaging: laying a layer of hot melt adhesive film on the surface of the battery layer to form a second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer, covering the flexible back panel on the second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer, and after covering, laying another layer of hot melt adhesive film on the surface of the flexible back panel to form a third hot melt adhesive packaging layer, covering the second high light transmittance curved tempered glass on the third hot melt adhesive packaging layer, and ensuring that the layers are tightly fitted to obtain a preliminary curved photovoltaic tile;

[0015] Step S4, pretreatment: placing the obtained preliminary curved photovoltaic tile into a laminator for pretreatment, and applying uniform lamination pressure by using the laminator to reduce the generation of bubbles and improve the air tightness of the lamination;

[0016] Step S5, vacuuming and pressure maintaining: placing the preliminary curved photovoltaic tile pre-treated in step S5 into a vacuum machine for vacuuming and pressure maintaining, so as to further remove the gas and moisture in the preliminary curved photovoltaic tile;

[0017] Step S6, cold bending: placing the curved photovoltaic tile with adjusted curvature in an autoclave for cold bending to ensure the stability and smoothness of the curved shape;

[0018] Step S7, heating and pressurizing: placing the cold-bent curved photovoltaic tile into a heating box for heating and pressurizing;

[0019] Step S8, hot melt edge sealing: Use a high-temperature glue melter to dissolve the hot melt adhesive strip, and then evenly apply it to the first high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass, the first hot melt adhesive film packaging layer, the battery layer, the second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer, the flexible backplane, the third hot melt adhesive packaging layer and the side of the second high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass to complete the preliminary edge sealing, and then fix the selected aluminum alloy frame at the position of the preliminary edge sealing, and use a hot air gun to heat the edge sealing part and the junction of the aluminum alloy frame;

[0020] Step S9, quality inspection: Conduct strict quality inspection on the manufactured modular curved photovoltaic tiles, including appearance inspection, electrical performance testing, etc., to ensure that the products meet quality standards.

[0021] Preferably, the high-transmittance tempered glass selected in step S1 is placed in a high-temperature oven for preheating to soften it, and the softened high-transmittance tempered glass is placed in a mold, and is evenly pressurized by a curved pressing plate. After forming, cold air is blown into the high-transmittance tempered glass to quickly cool it, thereby obtaining a high-transmittance tempered glass with a curvature.

[0022] Preferably, the flexible photovoltaic cell module, flexible backplane and hot-melt adhesive film packaging material selected in step S1 are all flexible materials. When connected with high-transmittance tempered glass, a standardized module design is adopted, which is arranged in a curved shape, and the undulating curvature of the connecting surfaces between the materials is the same, which is used to improve the production efficiency of photovoltaic tiles and make the maintenance, replacement and upgrading of photovoltaic tiles more convenient.

[0023] Preferably, the battery layers in step S2 all use unified interfaces and connectors.

[0024] Preferably, the hot melt adhesive film used in step S2 has the following components in parts:

[0025] 33-38 parts of EVA resin, 8-15 parts of terpene resin tackifier, 12-20 parts of C9 petroleum resin tackifier, 3-5 parts of paraffin, 1-3 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 25-30 parts of calcium carbonate, and 1-2 parts of butylated hydroxytoluene.

[0026] Preferably, in step S4, the lamination temperature is set at 130° C.-150° C., and the lamination time is 10 min-20 min.

[0027] Preferably, the vacuum degree of the vacuum pumping and pressure maintaining in step S5 is 80 MPa-105 MPa, and the time of the vacuum pumping and pressure maintaining is 15 min-25 min.

[0028] Preferably, when the step S7 is performed for heating and pressure holding, the heating temperature is 140° C.-155° C., the pressure during the heating process is 700 kpa-1250 kpa for pressure holding, and the pressure holding time is 20 min-40 min.

[0029] Preferably, when a hot air gun is used for heating in step S8, the heating temperature is 200° C.-220° C. and the heating time is 3 s-4 s.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The present invention prepares modular curved photovoltaic tiles by setting the first high-transmittance curved tempered glass, which can utilize the existing building exterior walls and roof space to improve energy collection efficiency, reduce land use, and achieve the effect of saving and protecting the natural ecology. The curved photovoltaic tiles are designed to be made into a variety of styles and shapes, so as to better match the appearance of the building and improve the practicality and artistry of the photovoltaic tiles.

[0032] 2. The present invention is conducive to better focusing light on the solar cell through the curved angle design of the curved photovoltaic tile, thereby improving the efficiency of converting light energy into electrical energy;

[0033] 3. The present invention uses curved tempered glass, due to its shape characteristics, which requires more energy to achieve the required curvature during the processing. This process can further strengthen its molecular structure and internal stress distribution, thereby achieving the effect of improving hardness. Therefore, the strength of the curved photovoltaic tile is higher than that of the flat photovoltaic tile, and it has stronger impact resistance and higher safety;

[0034] 4. The present invention uses curved photovoltaic tiles and a curved surface design to enable the curved photovoltaic tiles to have a back ventilation effect, while the shape and structure of the flat tiles are usually simple and lack a special ventilation structure design. Therefore, the prepared curved photovoltaic tiles have good thermal insulation performance, and after aging tests, it can be concluded that the curved photovoltaic tiles have stronger aging resistance than the flat photovoltaic tiles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. First high light transmittance curved tempered glass; 2. Battery layer; 3. Flexible back panel; 4. Second high light transmittance curved tempered glass; 5. Aluminum alloy frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a modular curved photovoltaic tile, comprising a curved photovoltaic tile, the bottom of the curved photovoltaic tile is set as a first high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass 1, the top surface of the first high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass 1 is installed with a battery layer 2 through a hot-melt adhesive film, the top surface of the battery layer 2 is installed with a flexible backplane 3 through a hot-melt adhesive film, and the top surface of the flexible backplane 3 is installed with a second high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass 4 through a hot-melt adhesive film;

[0041] The side of the curved photovoltaic tile is covered with a hot-melt edge-sealing tape, and an aluminum alloy frame 5 is installed on the outer wall of the hot-melt edge-sealing tape. The aluminum alloy frame 5 on one side of the curved photovoltaic tile and the aluminum alloy frame 5 on the other side of another curved photovoltaic tile have a bite design. The aluminum alloy frame 5 on one side of the curved photovoltaic tile includes a plurality of bite tooth blocks, and the aluminum alloy frame 5 on the other side of the curved photovoltaic tile includes a plurality of bite tooth grooves;

[0042] Furthermore, by setting up the first high-transmittance curved tempered glass 1, modular curved photovoltaic tiles are prepared, which can utilize the existing building exterior walls and roof space to improve energy collection efficiency, reduce land use, and achieve the effect of saving and protecting the natural ecology. Through design, curved photovoltaic tiles can be made into a variety of styles and shapes, thereby better matching the appearance of the building and improving the practicality and artistry of the photovoltaic tiles.

[0043] Embodiment 2: An embodiment provided by the present invention: The method for preparing the modular curved photovoltaic tile is as follows:

[0044] Step S1, material preparation: using high-transmittance tempered glass, flexible photovoltaic cell module, flexible backplane 3, hot-melt adhesive film packaging material, hot-melt edge-sealing tape and aluminum alloy frame 5, and designing the curved curvature of the high-transmittance tempered glass to obtain the required high-transmittance curved tempered glass;

[0045] Step S2, battery module installation: a first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer is formed by laying a layer of hot-melt adhesive film on the surface of the first high-transmittance curved tempered glass 1, and the flexible photovoltaic battery modules are arranged in sequence on the first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer and connected in series to form the required battery layer 2;

[0046] Step S3, packaging: a layer of hot melt adhesive film is laid on the surface of the battery layer 2 to form a second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer, and the flexible backplane 3 is covered on the second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer. After covering, another layer of hot melt adhesive film is laid on the surface of the flexible backplane 3 to form a third hot melt adhesive packaging layer, and the second high light transmittance curved tempered glass 4 is covered on the third hot melt adhesive packaging layer, and the close fit between the layers is ensured to obtain a preliminary curved photovoltaic tile;

[0047] Step S4, pretreatment: placing the obtained preliminary curved photovoltaic tile into a laminator for pretreatment, and applying uniform lamination pressure by using the laminator to reduce the generation of bubbles and improve the air tightness of the lamination;

[0048] Step S5, vacuuming and pressure maintaining: placing the preliminary curved photovoltaic tile pre-treated in step S5 into a vacuum machine for vacuuming and pressure maintaining, so as to further remove the gas and moisture in the preliminary curved photovoltaic tile;

[0049] Step S6, cold bending: placing the curved photovoltaic tile with adjusted curvature in an autoclave for cold bending to ensure the stability and smoothness of the curved shape;

[0050] Step S7, heating and pressurizing: placing the cold-bent curved photovoltaic tile into a heating box for heating and pressurizing;

[0051] Step S8, hot-melt edge sealing: Use a high-temperature glue melter to dissolve the hot-melt adhesive strip, and then evenly apply it to the first high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass 1, the first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer, the battery layer 2, the second hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer, the flexible backplane 3, the third hot-melt adhesive packaging layer and the side of the second high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass 4 to complete the preliminary edge sealing, and then fix the selected aluminum alloy frame 5 at the position of the preliminary edge sealing, and use a hot air gun to heat the edge sealing part and the junction of the aluminum alloy frame 5;

[0052] Step S9, quality inspection: strict quality inspection is performed on the manufactured modular curved photovoltaic tiles, including appearance inspection, electrical performance test, etc., to ensure that the products meet the quality standards;

[0053] The selected high-light-transmittance tempered glass in step S1 is placed in a high-temperature oven for preheating to soften it, and the softened high-light-transmittance tempered glass is placed in a mold, and is evenly pressed by a curved pressing plate. After being formed, cold air is blown into the mold to quickly cool the high-light-transmittance tempered glass, thereby obtaining a high-light-transmittance tempered glass with a curvature;

[0054] The flexible photovoltaic cell module, the flexible back sheet 3 and the hot melt adhesive film packaging material selected in step S1 are all flexible materials. When connected with the highly light-transmitting tempered glass, a standardized module design is adopted, which is set to a curved surface, and the undulating curvature of the connecting surface between the materials is the same, which is used to improve the production efficiency of photovoltaic tiles and make the maintenance, replacement and upgrading of photovoltaic tiles more convenient;

[0055] The battery layer 2 in step S2 all uses a unified interface and connector;

[0056] The hot melt adhesive film used in step S2 has the following components in parts:

[0057] 35 parts of EVA resin, 12 parts of terpene resin tackifier, 16 parts of C9 petroleum resin tackifier, 4 parts of paraffin, 2 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 27 parts of calcium carbonate, and 2 parts of butylated hydroxytoluene;

[0058] In step S4, the lamination temperature is set at 130°C and the lamination time is 20 min;

[0059] The vacuum degree of the vacuum pumping and pressure holding in step S5 is 80 MPa, and the vacuum pumping and pressure holding time is 15 minutes;

[0060] In step S7, the heating temperature is 140°C, the pressure during the heating process is 1200 kPa, and the holding time is 30 minutes.

[0061] When a hot air gun is used for heating in step S8, the heating temperature is 210° C. and the heating time is 4 seconds.

[0062] Embodiment 3: An embodiment provided by the present invention: The method for preparing the modular curved photovoltaic tile is as follows:

[0063] Step S1, material preparation: using high-transmittance tempered glass, flexible photovoltaic cell module, flexible backplane 3, hot-melt adhesive film packaging material, hot-melt edge-sealing tape and aluminum alloy frame 5, and designing the curved curvature of the high-transmittance tempered glass to obtain the required high-transmittance curved tempered glass;

[0064] Step S2, battery module installation: a first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer is formed by laying a layer of hot-melt adhesive film on the surface of the first high-transmittance curved tempered glass 1, and the flexible photovoltaic battery modules are arranged in sequence on the first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer and connected in series to form the required battery layer 2;

[0065] Step S3, packaging: a layer of hot melt adhesive film is laid on the surface of the battery layer 2 to form a second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer, and the flexible backplane 3 is covered on the second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer. After covering, another layer of hot melt adhesive film is laid on the surface of the flexible backplane 3 to form a third hot melt adhesive packaging layer, and the second high light transmittance curved tempered glass 4 is covered on the third hot melt adhesive packaging layer, and the close fit between the layers is ensured to obtain a preliminary curved photovoltaic tile;

[0066] Step S4, pretreatment: placing the obtained preliminary curved photovoltaic tile into a laminator for pretreatment, and applying uniform lamination pressure by using the laminator to reduce the generation of bubbles and improve the air tightness of the lamination;

[0067] Step S5, vacuuming and pressure maintaining: placing the preliminary curved photovoltaic tile pre-treated in step S5 into a vacuum machine for vacuuming and pressure maintaining, so as to further remove the gas and moisture in the preliminary curved photovoltaic tile;

[0068] Step S6, cold bending: placing the curved photovoltaic tile with adjusted curvature in an autoclave for cold bending to ensure the stability and smoothness of the curved shape;

[0069] Step S7, heating and pressurizing: placing the cold-bent curved photovoltaic tile into a heating box for heating and pressurizing;

[0070] Step S8, hot-melt edge sealing: Use a high-temperature glue melter to dissolve the hot-melt adhesive strip, and then evenly apply it to the first high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass 1, the first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer, the battery layer 2, the second hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer, the flexible backplane 3, the third hot-melt adhesive packaging layer and the side of the second high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass 4 to complete the preliminary edge sealing, and then fix the selected aluminum alloy frame 5 at the position of the preliminary edge sealing, and use a hot air gun to heat the edge sealing part and the junction of the aluminum alloy frame 5;

[0071] Step S9, quality inspection: strict quality inspection is performed on the manufactured modular curved photovoltaic tiles, including appearance inspection, electrical performance test, etc., to ensure that the products meet the quality standards;

[0072] The selected high-light-transmittance tempered glass in step S1 is placed in a high-temperature oven for preheating to soften it, and the softened high-light-transmittance tempered glass is placed in a mold, and is evenly pressed by a curved pressing plate. After being formed, cold air is blown into the mold to quickly cool the high-light-transmittance tempered glass, thereby obtaining a high-light-transmittance tempered glass with a curvature;

[0073] The flexible photovoltaic cell module, the flexible back sheet 3 and the hot melt adhesive film packaging material selected in step S1 are all flexible materials. When connected with the highly light-transmitting tempered glass, a standardized module design is adopted, which is set to a curved surface, and the undulating curvature of the connecting surface between the materials is the same, which is used to improve the production efficiency of photovoltaic tiles and make the maintenance, replacement and upgrading of photovoltaic tiles more convenient;

[0074] The battery layer 2 in step S2 all uses a unified interface and connector;

[0075] The hot melt adhesive film used in step S2 has the following components in parts:

[0076] 36 parts of EVA resin, 12 parts of terpene resin tackifier, 20 parts of C9 petroleum resin tackifier, 5 parts of paraffin, 2 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 25 parts of calcium carbonate, and 1 part of butylated hydroxytoluene;

[0077] In step S4, the lamination temperature is set at 150°C and the lamination time is 10 min;

[0078] The vacuum degree of the vacuum pumping and pressure holding in step S5 is 80 MPa, and the vacuum pumping and pressure holding time is 20 minutes;

[0079] In step S7, the heating temperature is 145°C, the pressure during the heating process is 1000 kPa, and the holding time is 25 minutes;

[0080] When a hot air gun is used for heating in step S8, the heating temperature is 220° C. and the heating time is 3 seconds.

[0081] Embodiment 4: An embodiment provided by the present invention: The method for preparing the modular curved photovoltaic tile is as follows:

[0082] Step S1, material preparation: using high-transmittance tempered glass, flexible photovoltaic cell module, flexible backplane 3, hot-melt adhesive film packaging material, hot-melt edge-sealing tape and aluminum alloy frame 5, and designing the curved curvature of the high-transmittance tempered glass to obtain the required high-transmittance curved tempered glass;

[0083] Step S2, battery module installation: a first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer is formed by laying a layer of hot-melt adhesive film on the surface of the first high-transmittance curved tempered glass 1, and the flexible photovoltaic battery modules are arranged in sequence on the first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer and connected in series to form the required battery layer 2;

[0084] Step S3, packaging: a layer of hot melt adhesive film is laid on the surface of the battery layer 2 to form a second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer, and the flexible backplane 3 is covered on the second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer. After covering, another layer of hot melt adhesive film is laid on the surface of the flexible backplane 3 to form a third hot melt adhesive packaging layer, and the second high light transmittance curved tempered glass 4 is covered on the third hot melt adhesive packaging layer, and the close fit between the layers is ensured to obtain a preliminary curved photovoltaic tile;

[0085] Step S4, pretreatment: placing the obtained preliminary curved photovoltaic tile into a laminator for pretreatment, and applying uniform lamination pressure by using the laminator to reduce the generation of bubbles and improve the air tightness of the lamination;

[0086] Step S5, vacuuming and pressure maintaining: placing the preliminary curved photovoltaic tile pre-treated in step S5 into a vacuum machine for vacuuming and pressure maintaining, so as to further remove the gas and moisture in the preliminary curved photovoltaic tile;

[0087] Step S6, cold bending: placing the curved photovoltaic tile with adjusted curvature in an autoclave for cold bending to ensure the stability and smoothness of the curved shape;

[0088] Step S7, heating and pressurizing: placing the cold-bent curved photovoltaic tile into a heating box for heating and pressurizing;

[0089] Step S8, hot-melt edge sealing: Use a high-temperature glue melter to dissolve the hot-melt adhesive strip, and then evenly apply it to the first high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass 1, the first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer, the battery layer 2, the second hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer, the flexible backplane 3, the third hot-melt adhesive packaging layer and the side of the second high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass 4 to complete the preliminary edge sealing, and then fix the selected aluminum alloy frame 5 at the position of the preliminary edge sealing, and use a hot air gun to heat the edge sealing part and the junction of the aluminum alloy frame 5;

[0090] Step S9, quality inspection: strict quality inspection is performed on the manufactured modular curved photovoltaic tiles, including appearance inspection, electrical performance test, etc., to ensure that the products meet the quality standards;

[0091] The selected high-light-transmittance tempered glass in step S1 is placed in a high-temperature oven for preheating to soften it, and the softened high-light-transmittance tempered glass is placed in a mold, and is evenly pressed by a curved pressing plate. After being formed, cold air is blown into the mold to quickly cool the high-light-transmittance tempered glass, thereby obtaining a high-light-transmittance tempered glass with a curvature;

[0092] The flexible photovoltaic cell module, the flexible back sheet 3 and the hot melt adhesive film packaging material selected in step S1 are all flexible materials. When connected with the highly light-transmitting tempered glass, a standardized module design is adopted, which is set to a curved surface, and the undulating curvature of the connecting surface between the materials is the same, which is used to improve the production efficiency of photovoltaic tiles and make the maintenance, replacement and upgrading of photovoltaic tiles more convenient;

[0093] The battery layer 2 in step S2 all uses a unified interface and connector;

[0094] The hot melt adhesive film used in step S2 has the following components in parts:

[0095] 38 parts of EVA resin, 15 parts of terpene resin tackifier, 12 parts of C9 petroleum resin tackifier, 5 parts of paraffin, 1 part of dibutyl phthalate, 25 parts of calcium carbonate, and 1.5 parts of butylated hydroxytoluene;

[0096] In step S4, the lamination temperature is set at 140°C and the lamination time is 18 min;

[0097] The vacuum degree of the vacuum pumping and pressure holding in step S5 is 95 MPa, and the vacuum pumping and pressure holding time is 25 minutes;

[0098] In step S7, the heating temperature is 140°C, the pressure during the heating process is 1100 kPa, and the holding time is 30 minutes.

[0099] When a hot air gun is used for heating in step S8, the heating temperature is 210° C. and the heating time is 4 seconds.

[0100] Embodiment 5: An embodiment provided by the present invention: The method for preparing the modular curved photovoltaic tile is as follows:

[0101] Step S1, material preparation: using high-transmittance tempered glass, flexible photovoltaic cell module, flexible backplane 3, hot-melt adhesive film packaging material, hot-melt edge-sealing tape and aluminum alloy frame 5, and designing the curved curvature of the high-transmittance tempered glass to obtain the required high-transmittance curved tempered glass;

[0102] Step S2, battery module installation: a first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer is formed by laying a layer of hot-melt adhesive film on the surface of the first high-transmittance curved tempered glass 1, and the flexible photovoltaic battery modules are arranged in sequence on the first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer and connected in series to form the required battery layer 2;

[0103] Step S3, packaging: a layer of hot melt adhesive film is laid on the surface of the battery layer 2 to form a second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer, and the flexible backplane 3 is covered on the second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer. After covering, another layer of hot melt adhesive film is laid on the surface of the flexible backplane 3 to form a third hot melt adhesive packaging layer, and the second high light transmittance curved tempered glass 4 is covered on the third hot melt adhesive packaging layer, and the close fit between the layers is ensured to obtain a preliminary curved photovoltaic tile;

[0104] Step S4, pretreatment: placing the obtained preliminary curved photovoltaic tile into a laminator for pretreatment, and applying uniform lamination pressure by using the laminator to reduce the generation of bubbles and improve the air tightness of the lamination;

[0105] Step S5, vacuuming and pressure maintaining: placing the preliminary curved photovoltaic tile pre-treated in step S5 into a vacuum machine for vacuuming and pressure maintaining, so as to further remove the gas and moisture in the preliminary curved photovoltaic tile;

[0106] Step S6, cold bending: placing the curved photovoltaic tile with adjusted curvature in an autoclave for cold bending to ensure the stability and smoothness of the curved shape;

[0107] Step S7, heating and pressurizing: placing the cold-bent curved photovoltaic tile into a heating box for heating and pressurizing;

[0108] Step S8, hot-melt edge sealing: Use a high-temperature glue melter to dissolve the hot-melt adhesive strip, and then evenly apply it to the first high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass 1, the first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer, the battery layer 2, the second hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer, the flexible backplane 3, the third hot-melt adhesive packaging layer and the side of the second high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass 4 to complete the preliminary edge sealing, and then fix the selected aluminum alloy frame 5 at the position of the preliminary edge sealing, and use a hot air gun to heat the edge sealing part and the junction of the aluminum alloy frame 5;

[0109] Step S9, quality inspection: strict quality inspection is performed on the manufactured modular curved photovoltaic tiles, including appearance inspection, electrical performance test, etc., to ensure that the products meet the quality standards;

[0110] The selected high-light-transmittance tempered glass in step S1 is placed in a high-temperature oven for preheating to soften it, and the softened high-light-transmittance tempered glass is placed in a mold, and is evenly pressed by a curved pressing plate. After being formed, cold air is blown into the mold to quickly cool the high-light-transmittance tempered glass, thereby obtaining a high-light-transmittance tempered glass with a curvature;

[0111] The flexible photovoltaic cell module, the flexible back sheet 3 and the hot melt adhesive film packaging material selected in step S1 are all flexible materials. When connected with the highly light-transmitting tempered glass, a standardized module design is adopted, which is set to a curved surface, and the undulating curvature of the connecting surface between the materials is the same, which is used to improve the production efficiency of photovoltaic tiles and make the maintenance, replacement and upgrading of photovoltaic tiles more convenient;

[0112] The battery layer 2 in step S2 all uses a unified interface and connector;

[0113] The hot melt adhesive film used in step S2 has the following components in parts:

[0114] 33 parts of EVA resin, 15 parts of terpene resin tackifier, 12 parts of C9 petroleum resin tackifier, 5 parts of paraffin, 1 part of dibutyl phthalate, 30 parts of calcium carbonate, and 2 parts of butylated hydroxytoluene;

[0115] In step S4, the lamination temperature is set at 150°C and the lamination time is 13 min;

[0116] The vacuum degree of the vacuum pumping and pressure holding in step S5 is 105 MPa, and the vacuum pumping and pressure holding time is 18 minutes;

[0117] In step S7, the heating temperature is 146°C, the pressure during the heating process is 999 kPa, and the holding time is 30 minutes.

[0118] When a hot air gun is used for heating in step S8, the heating temperature is 210° C. and the heating time is 3 seconds.

[0119] Embodiment 6: An embodiment provided by the present invention: The method for preparing the modular curved photovoltaic tile is as follows:

[0120] Step S1, material preparation: using high-transmittance tempered glass, flexible photovoltaic cell module, flexible backplane 3, hot-melt adhesive film packaging material, hot-melt edge-sealing tape and aluminum alloy frame 5, and designing the curved curvature of the high-transmittance tempered glass to obtain the required high-transmittance curved tempered glass;

[0121] Step S2, battery module installation: a first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer is formed by laying a layer of hot-melt adhesive film on the surface of the first high-transmittance curved tempered glass 1, and the flexible photovoltaic battery modules are arranged in sequence on the first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer and connected in series to form the required battery layer 2;

[0122] Step S3, packaging: a layer of hot melt adhesive film is laid on the surface of the battery layer 2 to form a second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer, and the flexible backplane 3 is covered on the second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer. After covering, another layer of hot melt adhesive film is laid on the surface of the flexible backplane 3 to form a third hot melt adhesive packaging layer, and the second high light transmittance curved tempered glass 4 is covered on the third hot melt adhesive packaging layer, and the close fit between the layers is ensured to obtain a preliminary curved photovoltaic tile;

[0123] Step S4, pretreatment: placing the obtained preliminary curved photovoltaic tile into a laminator for pretreatment, and applying uniform lamination pressure by using the laminator to reduce the generation of bubbles and improve the air tightness of the lamination;

[0124] Step S5, vacuuming and pressure maintaining: placing the preliminary curved photovoltaic tile pre-treated in step S5 into a vacuum machine for vacuuming and pressure maintaining, so as to further remove the gas and moisture in the preliminary curved photovoltaic tile;

[0125] Step S6, cold bending: placing the curved photovoltaic tile with adjusted curvature in an autoclave for cold bending to ensure the stability and smoothness of the curved shape;

[0126] Step S7, heating and pressurizing: placing the cold-bent curved photovoltaic tile into a heating box for heating and pressurizing;

[0127] Step S8, hot-melt edge sealing: Use a high-temperature glue melter to dissolve the hot-melt adhesive strip, and then evenly apply it to the first high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass 1, the first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer, the battery layer 2, the second hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer, the flexible backplane 3, the third hot-melt adhesive packaging layer and the side of the second high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass 4 to complete the preliminary edge sealing, and then fix the selected aluminum alloy frame 5 at the position of the preliminary edge sealing, and use a hot air gun to heat the edge sealing part and the junction of the aluminum alloy frame 5;

[0128] Step S9, quality inspection: strict quality inspection is performed on the manufactured modular curved photovoltaic tiles, including appearance inspection, electrical performance test, etc., to ensure that the products meet the quality standards;

[0129] The selected high-light-transmittance tempered glass in step S1 is placed in a high-temperature oven for preheating to soften it, and the softened high-light-transmittance tempered glass is placed in a mold, and is evenly pressed by a curved pressing plate. After being formed, cold air is blown into the mold to quickly cool the high-light-transmittance tempered glass, thereby obtaining a high-light-transmittance tempered glass with a curvature;

[0130] The flexible photovoltaic cell module, the flexible back sheet 3 and the hot melt adhesive film packaging material selected in step S1 are all flexible materials. When connected with the highly light-transmitting tempered glass, a standardized module design is adopted, which is set to a curved surface, and the undulating curvature of the connecting surface between the materials is the same, which is used to improve the production efficiency of photovoltaic tiles and make the maintenance, replacement and upgrading of photovoltaic tiles more convenient;

[0131] The battery layer 2 in step S2 all uses a unified interface and connector;

[0132] The hot melt adhesive film used in step S2 has the following components in parts:

[0133] 37 parts of EVA resin, 9 parts of terpene resin tackifier, 12 parts of C9 petroleum resin tackifier, 3 parts of paraffin, 1 to 3 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 26 parts of calcium carbonate, and 1 part of butylated hydroxytoluene;

[0134] In step S4, the lamination temperature is set at 140°C and the lamination time is 115 min;

[0135] The vacuum degree of the vacuum pumping and pressure holding in step S5 is 105 MPa, and the vacuum pumping and pressure holding time is 17 minutes;

[0136] In step S7, the heating temperature is 140°C, the pressure during the heating process is 900 kPa, and the holding time is 25 minutes.

[0137] When a hot air gun is used for heating in step S8, the heating temperature is 205° C. and the heating time is 3.5 s.

[0138] Comparative Example 1: A comparative example provided by the present invention: The specific implementation method is the same as Example 2, except that: a flat tempered glass with high light transmittance is used to prepare a flat photovoltaic tile.

[0139] Comparative Example 2: A comparative example provided by the present invention: The specific implementation method is the same as Example 2, except that: no vacuum pressure maintenance treatment is used.

[0140] Comparative Example 3: A comparative example provided by the present invention: The specific implementation method is the same as Example 2, except that: a manual edge banding tape is used, which does not need to be heated and can be directly pasted on the edge of the board and then compacted by a scraper or other tool.

[0141] Comparative Example 4: A comparative example provided by the present invention: The specific implementation method is the same as that of Example 2, except that: the aluminum alloy frame 5 is not used.

[0142] Performance Testing

[0143] Test 1. Photoelectric conversion efficiency: The curved photovoltaic tiles prepared in Examples 2-6 and the photovoltaic tiles prepared in Comparative Examples 1-4 were placed in the same position at 9 o'clock, 12 o'clock and 17 o'clock, respectively, and exposed to sunlight for 30 minutes.

[0144] Test 2, strength test: The curved photovoltaic tiles prepared in Examples 2-6 and the photovoltaic tiles prepared in Comparative Examples 1-4 were placed on a workbench, and steel balls with a diameter of 3 cm were selected to freely fall on the photovoltaic tiles at heights of 0.5 m, 1 m, and 2 m, and the marks produced on the surface of the photovoltaic tiles were observed.

[0145] Test 3, thermal insulation performance test: The curved photovoltaic tiles prepared in Examples 2-6 and the photovoltaic tiles prepared in Comparative Examples 1-4 are built into roofs according to actual usage scenarios and installed on different test houses. A first temperature detector is installed at the same position in each test house. The test houses are placed at the same position and at the same time, and exposed to sunlight for 30 minutes at 35°C.

[0146] Test 4, aging test: The curved photovoltaic tiles prepared in Examples 2-6 and the photovoltaic tiles prepared in Comparative Examples 1-4 were placed in an aging laboratory to conduct an ultraviolet aging test;

[0147] UV aging test: simulate the UV rays in the sun to irradiate the photovoltaic tiles to evaluate their UV aging resistance, set the temperature to 60°C and the cumulative irradiation to 180kWh / m 2 Conducting trials;

[0148] Hot and cold cycle aging test: simulates the impact of temperature changes on photovoltaic tiles, usually set between 40 and 85°C for high and low temperature alternating tests. After the test, the amount of electricity (Wh) obtained by the 12-point photoelectric conversion of the photovoltaic tiles is tested, a steel ball with a diameter of 3 cm and a height of 2 meters freely falls to hit the photovoltaic tiles, and the thermal insulation performance test and physical state test are performed.

[0149] Table 1 Test results of performance test 1

[0150]

[0151] Furthermore, the curved angle design of the curved photovoltaic tile helps to better focus light on the solar cell, thereby improving the efficiency of converting light energy into electrical energy.

[0152] Table 2 Test results of performance test 2

[0153]

[0154] Furthermore, it can be seen from the above table that the strength of curved photovoltaic tiles is higher than that of flat photovoltaic tiles, and they have stronger impact resistance and higher safety. In addition, when preparing curved photovoltaic tiles, vacuum pressure maintenance treatment is not used, which easily leads to residual air inside the curved photovoltaic tiles, which not only reduces the photoelectric conversion efficiency, but also causes the strength of the curved photovoltaic tiles to decrease.

[0155] Table 3 Test results of performance test 3

[0156]

[0157] Furthermore, through the curved surface design of the curved photovoltaic tiles, the curved photovoltaic tiles can have a back ventilation effect, while the design of the flat tiles is usually simple in shape and structure, lacking a special ventilation structure design, so the prepared curved photovoltaic tiles have good thermal insulation performance.

[0158] Table 4 Test results of performance test 4

[0159]

[0160] Furthermore, after the aging test, it can be seen that the curved photovoltaic tiles have stronger aging resistance than the flat photovoltaic tiles, and thus have a longer service life. The residual air and moisture inside the curved photovoltaic tiles that have not been vacuumed and pressurized will cause fine cracks inside, resulting in reduced impact resistance. For the edge sealing method that only uses manual edge sealing tape for compaction, the edge sealing material is prone to falling off after the aging test.

[0161] Working principle: through the setting of the first high-transmittance curved tempered glass 1, modular curved photovoltaic tiles are prepared, which can utilize the existing building exterior walls and roof space to improve energy collection efficiency, reduce land use, and achieve the effect of saving and protecting the natural ecology. Through design, the curved photovoltaic tiles can be made into a variety of styles and shapes, so as to better match the appearance of the building, improve the practicality and artistry of the photovoltaic tiles, and through the curved angle design of the curved photovoltaic tiles, it is beneficial to make the light better concentrated on the solar cell, so as to improve the efficiency of converting light energy into electrical energy. Due to its shape characteristics, the curved tempered glass can be processed More energy is needed to achieve the required curvature in the process. This process can further strengthen its molecular structure and internal stress distribution, thereby achieving the effect of increasing hardness. Therefore, the strength of curved photovoltaic tiles is higher than that of flat photovoltaic tiles, and they have stronger impact resistance and higher safety. Through the curved surface design of curved photovoltaic tiles, the curved photovoltaic tiles can have a back ventilation effect, while the shape and structure of the flat tiles are usually simpler, lacking special ventilation structure design. Therefore, the prepared curved photovoltaic tiles have good thermal insulation performance, and after aging tests, it can be concluded that curved photovoltaic tiles have stronger aging resistance than flat photovoltaic tiles.

[0162] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A modular curved photovoltaic tile, comprising a curved photovoltaic tile, characterized in that: The bottom of the curved photovoltaic tile is set as a first high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass (1), the top surface of the first high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass (1) is installed with a battery layer (2) through a hot-melt adhesive film, the top surface of the battery layer (2) is installed with a flexible back panel (3) through a hot-melt adhesive film, and the top surface of the flexible back panel (3) is installed with a second high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass (4) through a hot-melt adhesive film; The side of the curved photovoltaic tile is covered with a hot-melt edge-sealing tape, and the outer wall of the hot-melt edge-sealing tape is installed with an aluminum alloy frame (5), and the aluminum alloy frame (5) on one side of the curved photovoltaic tile and the aluminum alloy frame (5) on the other side of another curved photovoltaic tile have a bite design, and the aluminum alloy frame (5) on one side of the curved photovoltaic tile includes a plurality of bite tooth blocks, and the aluminum alloy frame (5) on the other side of the curved photovoltaic tile includes a plurality of bite tooth grooves.

2. A method for preparing a modular curved photovoltaic tile, applicable to the modular curved photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modular curved photovoltaic tile is as follows: Step S1, material preparation: using high-transmittance tempered glass, flexible photovoltaic cell module, flexible back panel (3), hot-melt adhesive film packaging material, hot-melt edge-sealing tape and aluminum alloy frame (5), and designing the curvature of the high-transmittance tempered glass to obtain the required high-transmittance curved tempered glass; Step S2, battery module installation: a layer of hot melt adhesive film is laid on the surface of the first high light transmittance curved tempered glass (1) to form a first hot melt adhesive film packaging layer, and the flexible photovoltaic battery modules are arranged in sequence on the first hot melt adhesive film packaging layer and connected in series to form the required battery layer (2); Step S3, packaging: a layer of hot melt adhesive film is laid on the surface of the battery layer (2) to form a second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer, and the flexible back panel (3) is covered on the second hot melt adhesive film packaging layer. After covering, another layer of hot melt adhesive film is laid on the surface of the flexible back panel (3) to form a third hot melt adhesive packaging layer, and the second high light transmittance curved tempered glass (4) is covered on the third hot melt adhesive packaging layer, and the tight fit between the layers is ensured to obtain a preliminary curved photovoltaic tile; Step S4, pretreatment: placing the obtained preliminary curved photovoltaic tile into a laminator for pretreatment, and applying uniform lamination pressure by using the laminator to reduce the generation of bubbles and improve the air tightness of the lamination; Step S5, vacuuming and pressure maintaining: placing the preliminary curved photovoltaic tile pre-treated in step S5 into a vacuum machine for vacuuming and pressure maintaining, so as to further remove the gas and moisture in the preliminary curved photovoltaic tile; Step S6, cold bending: placing the curved photovoltaic tile with adjusted curvature in an autoclave for cold bending to ensure the stability and smoothness of the curved shape; Step S7, heating and pressurizing: placing the cold-bent curved photovoltaic tile into a heating box for heating and pressurizing; Step S8, hot-melt edge sealing: using a high-temperature glue melting machine to dissolve the hot-melt adhesive strip, and then evenly applying it to the first high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass (1), the first hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer, the battery layer (2), the second hot-melt adhesive film packaging layer, the flexible back panel (3), the third hot-melt adhesive packaging layer and the side of the second high-light-transmittance curved tempered glass (4), to complete the preliminary edge sealing, and then fix the selected aluminum alloy frame (5) at the position of the preliminary edge sealing, and use a hot air gun to heat the edge sealing part and the junction of the aluminum alloy frame (5); Step S9, quality inspection: Conduct strict quality inspection on the manufactured modular curved photovoltaic tiles, including appearance inspection, electrical performance testing, etc., to ensure that the products meet quality standards.

3. The method for preparing a modular curved photovoltaic tile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The selected high-transmittance tempered glass in step S1 is placed in a high-temperature oven for preheating to soften it, and the softened high-transmittance tempered glass is placed in a mold and uniformly pressurized by a curved pressing plate. After forming, cold air is blown into the mold to quickly cool the high-transmittance tempered glass, thereby obtaining a high-transmittance tempered glass with a curvature.

4. The method for preparing a modular curved photovoltaic tile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flexible photovoltaic cell module, flexible back panel (3) and hot-melt adhesive film packaging material selected in step S1 are all flexible materials. When connected with the high-transmittance tempered glass, a standardized module design is adopted and arranged in a curved shape. The undulating curvature of the connecting surface between the materials is the same, which is used to improve the production efficiency of photovoltaic tiles and make the maintenance, replacement and upgrading of photovoltaic tiles more convenient.

5. The method for preparing a modular curved photovoltaic tile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery layers (2) in step S2 all use uniform interfaces and connectors.

6. The method for preparing a modular curved photovoltaic tile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hot melt adhesive film used in step S2 has the following components in parts: 33-38 parts of EVA resin, 8-15 parts of terpene resin tackifier, 12-20 parts of C9 petroleum resin tackifier, 3-5 parts of paraffin, 1-3 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 25-30 parts of calcium carbonate, and 1-2 parts of butylated hydroxytoluene.

7. The method for preparing a modular curved photovoltaic tile according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the lamination temperature is set at 130° C.-150° C., and the lamination time is 10 min-20 min.

8. The method for preparing a modular curved photovoltaic tile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vacuum degree of the vacuum pumping and pressure maintaining in step S5 is 80 MPa-105 MPa, and the time of the vacuum pumping and pressure maintaining is 15 min-25 min.

9. The method for preparing a modular curved photovoltaic tile according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the step S7 is performed for heating and pressure holding, the heating temperature is 140° C.-155° C., the pressure during the heating process is 700 kPa-1250 kPa for pressure holding, and the pressure holding time is 20 min-40 min.

10. The method for preparing a modular curved photovoltaic tile according to claim 2, characterized in that: When a hot air gun is used for heating in step S8, the heating temperature is 200° C.-220° C. and the heating time is 3s-4s.

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