Disinfectant for aquatic products and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a disinfectant for aquatic products and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of disinfectant for aquatic products. The disinfectant for aquatic products comprises the following components: povidone iodine, functional particles, hydroxyethyl cellulose, an auxiliary agent and purified water, the auxiliary agent is composed of lauryl sodium sulfate and potassium iodide; the functional particles are prepared from pomegranate rind, folium cortex eucommiae, poplar flowers and ferulic acid as raw materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: stirring and mixing the purified water, the povidone iodine, the hydroxyethyl cellulose and the functional particles, adding the auxiliary agent, and continuously stirring to obtain the product. The aquatic product disinfectant contains various plant active ingredients, is high in solubility and stability, and can effectively disinfect. The povidone-iodine solution can widely kill bacteria, viruses and fungi; the functional particles have the effects of resisting oxidation, sterilizing, promoting growth and enhancing immunity; the additive compounded by lauryl sodium sulfate and potassium iodide improves the permeability and adhesion of the disinfectant, and is better used for aquatic products and microorganisms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic disinfectants and relates to an aquatic disinfectant and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Povidone-iodine solution is a commonly used disinfectant for aquaculture ponds and is widely used to improve the water quality of aquaculture environments. It can effectively kill various harmful bacteria, molds and their spores in water bodies, especially for common pathogens such as Vibrio, Aeromonas hydrophila and Edwardsiella. However, due to the complexity of pond water bodies, existing povidone-iodine solutions have some shortcomings, such as poor stability, short duration of action and the need for large-scale use. These problems not only affect the disinfection effect, but may also lead to an increase in aquaculture costs.

[0003] In the process of aquaculture, especially for white shrimp, it will go through multiple concentrated molting stages during its growth cycle. The number of times white shrimp molts is closely related to factors such as the growth stage and environmental conditions. Generally speaking, white shrimp need to molt about 20-30 times from hatching to adult shrimp; and during the molting period, the physique of white shrimp will become relatively fragile and the immunity will be significantly reduced, which makes them more susceptible to infection by pathogens such as bacteria. In this case, if topical disinfectants are used, it may cause additional stimulation to the shrimp body, resulting in a prolonged molting period, which in turn affects normal breeding management. Therefore, it is particularly important to find a solution that can effectively disinfect and reduce stimulation during the molting period of shrimp. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a disinfectant for aquatic products and a preparation method thereof. The aquatic product disinfectant prepared by the present invention is not only rich in a variety of natural plant active ingredients, but also has better solubility and stability, and can more effectively exert a disinfection effect. Povidone iodine solution, as a broad-spectrum disinfectant, can effectively kill a variety of bacteria, viruses and fungi; the functional particles have the functions of anti-oxidation, sterilization, promoting the growth of aquatic animals, and improving immunity; the auxiliary agent can enhance the permeability and adhesion of the disinfectant, so that the disinfectant can better act on the microorganisms on the surface of aquatic animals and in the water.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A disinfectant for aquatic products comprises the following components by weight:

[0007] 3-5 parts by weight of povidone iodine, 1.2-1.5 parts by weight of functional particles, 0.2-0.4 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2.4-3.0 parts by weight of auxiliary agent and 96-100 parts by weight of purified water.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, hydroxyethyl cellulose can slow down the molecular movement speed in the povidone-iodine solution, thereby effectively reducing the mutual collision between povidone-iodine molecules and further reducing the loss rate of iodine.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the auxiliary agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate and potassium iodide in a mass ratio of 0.6-0.7:1.0-1.2; the present invention can improve the stability of povidone iodine in the solution by compounding sodium dodecyl sulfate and potassium iodide as stabilizers.

[0010] The present invention discloses a method for preparing the functional particles, comprising the following steps:

[0011] 1) cleaning pomegranate peel, eucommia leaf and poplar flower, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain pre-treated powder;

[0012] 2) placing the pretreated powder in an ethanol aqueous solution for ultrasonic treatment, adding ferulic acid for heating and soaking, cooling to room temperature, filtering to remove the filter residue, rotary evaporation and freeze-drying to obtain functional particles.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 1), the drying temperature is 80°C; and the screening is through a 150-180 mesh sieve.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 2), the ultrasonic treatment is performed at a power of 400-500 W for 8-10 min.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 2), the heating soaking is soaking at a temperature of 62-70° C. for 24-30 hours.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, high temperature is generally required to promote the leaching of effective ingredients during the natural plant extraction process. However, too high a temperature may destroy the structure of some effective ingredients, resulting in reduced effectiveness of the ingredients. For example, chlorogenic acid is relatively stable when the temperature is less than 60°C and maintained for less than 4 hours, but it will gradually degrade under high temperature conditions. For example, at room temperature, chlorogenic acid decomposes slowly over time; it decomposes faster at 60°C; and it decomposes even faster at 80°C.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in steps 1)-2), the mass ratio of the pomegranate peel, eucommia leaf, poplar flower, ferulic acid and ethanol aqueous solution is 15-18:8-9:8-10:0.2-0.3:50-55; the mass fraction of the ethanol aqueous solution is 70%.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, pomegranate peel is rich in phenolic compounds and flavonoid compounds, which can destroy the cell walls and cell membranes of pathogens, thereby increasing their sensitivity to other antibacterial ingredients; in addition, phenolic and flavonoid compounds also have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, Eucommia ulmoides leaves are rich in polysaccharides, flavonoids and chlorogenic acid; polysaccharides and flavonoids have antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, which can enhance the resistance of aquatic animals, and chlorogenic acid has antibacterial and antiviral effects.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, poplar flowers contain flavonoids, polysaccharides and chlorogenic acid, etc. These ingredients also have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, which help to improve the immunity of aquatic animals.

[0021] The invention discloses a method for preparing a disinfectant for aquatic products, comprising the following steps:

[0022] After the purified water, povidone iodine, hydroxyethyl cellulose and functional particles are stirred and mixed, an auxiliary agent is added and the stirring is continued to obtain the product.

[0023] In the preparation method of the disinfectant for aquatic products, the stirring and mixing is stirring at a speed of 600-700 r / min for 30-40 minutes; the stirring time is continued for 15-20 minutes.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] The aquatic disinfectant prepared by the present invention is not only rich in a variety of natural plant active ingredients, but also has better solubility and stability, and can more effectively exert the disinfection effect. Povidone iodine solution, as a broad-spectrum disinfectant, can effectively kill a variety of bacteria, viruses and fungi; the functional particles have the functions of anti-oxidation, sterilization, promoting the growth of aquatic animals, and improving immunity; the auxiliary agent can enhance the permeability and adhesion of the disinfectant, so that the disinfectant can better act on the surface of aquatic animals and microorganisms in the water. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with embodiments.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A disinfectant for aquatic products comprises the following components by weight:

[0029] 3 parts by weight of povidone iodine, 1.2 parts by weight of functional particles, 0.2 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2.4 parts by weight of auxiliary agents and 96 parts by weight of purified water.

[0030] The auxiliary agent is composed of sodium dodecyl sulfate and potassium iodide in a mass ratio of 0.6:1.0.

[0031] The method for preparing the functional particles comprises the following steps:

[0032] 1) washing pomegranate peel, eucommia leaf and poplar flower, drying at 80° C., grinding and crushing, and passing through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain a pretreated powder;

[0033] 2) placing the pretreated powder in an ethanol aqueous solution and ultrasonicating it at 400 W for 8 minutes, adding ferulic acid and soaking it at 62° C. for 24 hours, cooling it to room temperature, filtering out the residue, rotary evaporating it, and freeze-drying it to obtain functional particles;

[0034] In steps 1)-2), the mass ratio of the pomegranate peel, eucommia leaf, poplar flower, ferulic acid and ethanol aqueous solution is 15:8:8:0.2:50; the mass fraction of the ethanol aqueous solution is 70%.

[0035] A method for preparing a disinfectant for aquatic products comprises the following steps:

[0036] After the purified water, povidone iodine, hydroxyethyl cellulose and functional particles are stirred at a speed of 600 r / min for 30 minutes, the auxiliary agent is added and the stirring is continued for 15 minutes to obtain the product.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A disinfectant for aquatic products comprises the following components by weight:

[0039] 3.7 parts by weight of povidone iodine, 1.3 parts by weight of functional particles, 0.25 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2.6 parts by weight of auxiliary agents and 97 parts by weight of purified water.

[0040] The auxiliary agent is composed of sodium dodecyl sulfate and potassium iodide in a mass ratio of 0.65:1.1.

[0041] The method for preparing the functional particles comprises the following steps:

[0042] 1) washing pomegranate peel, eucommia leaf and poplar flower, drying at 80° C., grinding and crushing, and passing through a 160-mesh sieve to obtain a pretreated powder;

[0043] 2) placing the pretreated powder in an ethanol aqueous solution and ultrasonicating at 435 W for 9 minutes, adding ferulic acid and soaking at 65° C. for 26 hours, cooling to room temperature, filtering to remove the filter residue, rotary evaporating and freeze-drying to obtain functional particles;

[0044] In steps 1)-2), the mass ratio of the pomegranate peel, eucommia leaf, poplar flower, ferulic acid and ethanol aqueous solution is 16:8.3:8.7:0.23:52; the mass fraction of the ethanol aqueous solution is 70%.

[0045] A method for preparing a disinfectant for aquatic products comprises the following steps:

[0046] After the purified water, povidone iodine, hydroxyethyl cellulose and functional particles are stirred at a speed of 630 r / min for 35 minutes, the auxiliary agent is added and the stirring is continued for 15 minutes to obtain the product.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] A disinfectant for aquatic products comprises the following components by weight:

[0049] 4.3 parts by weight of povidone iodine, 1.4 parts by weight of functional particles, 0.33 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2.8 parts by weight of auxiliary agents and 99 parts by weight of purified water.

[0050] The auxiliary agent is composed of sodium dodecyl sulfate and potassium iodide in a mass ratio of 0.67:1.1.

[0051] The method for preparing the functional particles comprises the following steps:

[0052] 1) washing pomegranate peel, eucommia leaf and poplar flower, drying at 80° C., grinding and crushing, and passing through a 170-mesh sieve to obtain a pretreated powder;

[0053] 2) placing the pretreated powder in an ethanol aqueous solution and ultrasonicating at 465 W for 9 minutes, adding ferulic acid and soaking at 67° C. for 28 hours, cooling to room temperature, filtering to remove the filter residue, rotary evaporating and freeze-drying to obtain functional particles;

[0054] In steps 1)-2), the mass ratio of the pomegranate peel, eucommia leaf, poplar flower, ferulic acid and ethanol aqueous solution is 17:8.7:9.3:0.27:53; the mass fraction of the ethanol aqueous solution is 70%.

[0055] A method for preparing a disinfectant for aquatic products comprises the following steps:

[0056] After the purified water, povidone iodine, hydroxyethyl cellulose and functional particles are stirred at a speed of 660 r / min for 38 minutes, the auxiliary agent is added and the stirring is continued for 18 minutes to obtain the product.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] A disinfectant for aquatic products comprises the following components by weight:

[0059] 5 parts by weight of povidone iodine, 1.5 parts by weight of functional particles, 0.4 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 3.0 parts by weight of auxiliary agents and 100 parts by weight of purified water.

[0060] The auxiliary agent is composed of sodium dodecyl sulfate and potassium iodide in a mass ratio of 0.7:1.2.

[0061] The method for preparing the functional particles comprises the following steps:

[0062] 1) washing pomegranate peel, eucommia leaf and poplar flower, drying at 80° C., grinding and crushing, and passing through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain a pretreated powder;

[0063] 2) placing the pretreated powder in an ethanol aqueous solution and ultrasonicating at 500 W for 10 min, adding ferulic acid and soaking at 70° C. for 30 h, cooling to room temperature, filtering to remove the filter residue, rotary evaporating and freeze-drying to obtain functional particles;

[0064] In steps 1)-2), the mass ratio of the pomegranate peel, eucommia leaf, poplar flower, ferulic acid and ethanol aqueous solution is 18:9:10:0.3:55; the mass fraction of the ethanol aqueous solution is 70%.

[0065] A method for preparing a disinfectant for aquatic products comprises the following steps:

[0066] After the purified water, povidone iodine, hydroxyethyl cellulose and functional particles are stirred at a speed of 700 r / min for 40 minutes, the auxiliary agent is added and the stirring is continued for 20 minutes to obtain the product.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] Compared with Example 3, Comparative Example 1 is different in that purified water is used instead of ferulic acid, and the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0069] Comparative Example 2

[0070] Compared with Example 3, Comparative Example 2 is different in that purified water is used instead of hydroxyethyl cellulose, and the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0071] Comparative Examples 3-5

[0072] Compared with Example 3, the difference in Comparative Examples 3-5 is that the amounts of pomegranate peel, eucommia leaf and poplar flower are as shown in Table 1, and the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0073] Table 1 (Unit: parts by weight)

[0074] Pomegranate peel Eucommia leaves Poplar Flowers Example 3 17 8.7 9.3 Comparative Example 3 0 17.2 17.8 Comparative Example 4 21.3 0 13.7 Comparative Example 5 21.6 13.4 0

[0075] The disinfectants prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were sprayed on 9 white shrimp culture ponds respectively. Three days before the molting period, 200 mL of disinfectants per mu·m were added to the culture water, and the disinfectants were sprayed again every other day. A white shrimp culture pond was set up as a control. This group was not disinfected with povidone-iodine solution during the molting period, and its survival rate after five moltings was observed.

[0076] Table 2

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] From the test results in Table 2, it can be seen that compared with Comparative Examples 1-5, the disinfectant prepared in Examples 1-4 of the present invention can effectively improve the survival rate of aquatic animals.

[0080] The invention extracts pomegranate peel, eucommia leaf and poplar flower by ethanol aqueous solution, and the extract has good antibacterial, antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. When the three plant extracts are used in combination, their active ingredients complement each other, thereby enhancing the overall antibacterial ability and immunomodulatory effect. The phenolic and flavonoid components of the pomegranate peel can enhance the penetration efficiency of the antibacterial components in the eucommia leaf and poplar flower by destroying the cell wall and cell membrane of the pathogen, thereby more effectively inhibiting and killing the pathogen.

[0081] The polysaccharides, flavonoids and chlorogenic acid in Eucommia ulmoides leaves and poplar flowers have strong antioxidant effects, which can remove free radicals in the body, reduce inflammatory reactions and enhance the body's overall immunity. Combined with the antibacterial effect of pomegranate peel, this combination can not only reduce the incidence of aquatic animals, but also accelerate their recovery and growth.

[0082] In plant extraction, the present invention adds ferulic acid, which is beneficial for the ferulic acid and polyphenol compounds in the plant extraction process to interact through the antioxidant cycle and enhance the stability of each other. Combined with the hydrogen bonding force of the carboxyl group in ferulic acid, it can effectively promote the leaching of active ingredients such as chlorogenic acid, thereby improving the leaching efficiency and the overall antibacterial and antioxidant effects.

[0083] Hydroxyethyl cellulose is added to the disinfectant of the present invention, which can play a thickening role and adjust the fluidity of the liquid, so that the hydroxyethyl cellulose not only reduces the loss rate of iodine in the disinfectant, but also contains a large number of hydroxyl groups, which give it excellent water solubility and stability. Hydroxyethyl cellulose can significantly improve the solubility and stability of polyphenol compounds in plant extracts by forming hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any indirect modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A disinfectant for aquatic products, characterized in that: The components include the following by weight: 3-5 parts by weight of povidone iodine, 1.2-1.5 parts by weight of functional particles, 0.2-0.4 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2.4-3.0 parts by weight of auxiliary agent and 96-100 parts by weight of purified water.

2. A disinfectant for aquatic products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary agent is composed of sodium dodecyl sulfate and potassium iodide in a mass ratio of 0.6-0.7:1.0-1.

2.

3. A disinfectant for aquatic products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the functional particles comprises the following steps: 1) cleaning pomegranate peel, eucommia leaf and poplar flower, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain pre-treated powder; 2) placing the pretreated powder in an ethanol aqueous solution for ultrasonic treatment, adding ferulic acid for heating and soaking, cooling to room temperature, filtering to remove the filter residue, rotary evaporation and freeze-drying to obtain functional particles.

4. A disinfectant for aquatic products according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 1), the drying temperature is 80° C. and the sieving is through a 150-180 mesh sieve.

5. The aquatic disinfectant according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2), the ultrasonic treatment is performed at a power of 400-500 W for 8-10 min.

6. A disinfectant for aquatic products according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2), the heating soaking is soaking at a temperature of 62-70° C. for 24-30 hours.

7. The aquatic disinfectant according to claim 3, characterized in that: In steps 1)-2), the mass ratio of the pomegranate peel, eucommia leaf, poplar flower, ferulic acid and ethanol aqueous solution is 15-18:8-9:8-10:0.2-0.3:50-55; the mass fraction of the ethanol aqueous solution is 70%.

8. A method for preparing aquatic disinfectant according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: After the purified water, povidone iodine, hydroxyethyl cellulose and functional particles are stirred and mixed, an auxiliary agent is added and the stirring is continued to obtain the product.

9. The method for preparing a disinfectant for aquatic products according to claim 8, characterized in that: The stirring and mixing is performed at a speed of 600-700 r / min for 30-40 min; and the stirring is continued for 15-20 min.

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