Pneumatic cyclone for sorting fine particle materials and use method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal sorting mechanical equipment, and particularly discloses a pneumatic cyclone for fine particle material sorting and a using method.The pneumatic cyclone comprises a conical pneumatic cyclone body, a material storage box and a feeding pipeline, and the end of the feeding pipeline extends into the large opening end of the conical pneumatic cyclone body; an air compressor is mounted on the outer side wall, corresponding to the feeding pipeline, of the storage box, and an air outlet of the air compressor communicates with the interior of the storage box; the small opening end of the conical pneumatic cyclone is connected with an overflow product negative pressure collector, and the bottom of the large opening end of the conical pneumatic cyclone is connected with a bottom material product negative pressure collector through a discharging pipeline. Dry separation of fine-particle coal and minerals depending on density, granularity and shape can be achieved, the problem of separation of coal and minerals in arid areas is solved, dependence on water in the separation process is reduced, the material dehydration link is omitted, and the separation cost is greatly reduced; the equipment is small in size and low in energy consumption, and the material sorting precision and the automation degree are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal sorting mechanical equipment, in particular to a pneumatic cyclone for sorting fine particle materials and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Existing cyclones generally use water as the medium. Coal-rich areas are mostly areas with scarce water resources and fragile ecology. Using gas as the medium can avoid excessive consumption of water resources. At the same time, fine-grained coal is prone to form coal slime after contact with water, which invisibly increases equipment investment and operating costs, avoids problems such as wastewater discharge and environmental pollution, and at the same time, for some coals that are easy to become muddy, it can better maintain their original characteristics and improve the sorting effect and coal quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a pneumatic cyclone for separating fine particle materials and a method for using the same.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented according to the following technical solutions:

[0005] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic cyclone for sorting fine particle materials, including a conical pneumatic cyclone, wherein the conical pneumatic cyclone is arranged horizontally, and the larger mouth end of the conical pneumatic cyclone is connected to a storage box for storing materials with a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and a water content of less than 4%, one end of the storage box is connected to a feed pipe, and the end of the feed pipe extends into the larger mouth end of the conical pneumatic cyclone, and an air compressor is installed on the outer wall of the storage box corresponding to the feed pipe, and the air outlet of the air compressor is connected to the inside of the storage box; the smaller mouth end of the conical pneumatic cyclone is connected to a negative pressure collector for overflow products, and the bottom of the larger mouth end of the conical pneumatic cyclone is connected to a negative pressure collector for bottom product products through a discharge pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, the air compressor is used to introduce air medium with a flow rate of 17-24m / s into the storage box.

[0007] Furthermore, the gas-solid mixing ratio of the material to the air medium is 0-10%.

[0008] Furthermore, a dust collector is provided at the bottom of the middle section of the conical pneumatic cyclone.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a sealing cover, a material storage box, an air compressor, an inlet pipe, a conical pneumatic cyclone, and a discharge pipe connected with a bottom material product negative pressure collector and an overflow product negative pressure collector, all of which are arranged in the sealing cover; the air inlet of the air compressor is connected to the outside of the sealing cover.

[0010] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for using an air cyclone for separating fine particle materials, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1. Store the materials with a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and a water content of less than 4% in a storage box, turn on the air compressor to control the air compressor to output a gas flow rate of 17-24 m / s, mix the air with the materials, and then transport them into the conical pneumatic cyclone. In the conical pneumatic cyclone, centrifugal force is mainly used to separate the mixture;

[0012] S2. The heavier particles are thrown to the wall of the conical pneumatic cyclone, and slide down along the wall under the action of gravity, and finally discharged from the discharge pipe at the bottom and collected by the bottom material product negative pressure collector;

[0013] S3. The lighter materials are carried by the gas to form an upward airflow in the center, which is discharged from the top outlet and collected by the overflow product negative pressure collector.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention mainly utilizes the centrifugal force to separate the mixture. When the gas containing solid particles enters the conical pneumatic cyclone at a certain speed, the heavier particles are thrown to the wall due to the centrifugal force, and slide down along the wall under the action of gravity, and finally discharged from the bottom discharge pipe; while the lighter gas forms an upward airflow in the center and is discharged from the top outlet; the present invention can realize the dry sorting of fine-particle coal and minerals based on density, particle size and shape, solve the problem of coal and mineral sorting in arid areas, reduce the dependence on water in the sorting process, eliminate the material dehydration link, and greatly reduce the sorting cost; the equipment is small in size and low in energy consumption, which greatly improves the material sorting accuracy and automation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0016] The reference numerals in the figure are: 1. material storage box, 2. air compressor, 3. material inlet pipe, 4. conical pneumatic cyclone, 5. material outlet pipe, 6. negative pressure collector for bottom material product, 7. negative pressure collector for overflow product, 8. dust collector, 9. sealing cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the invention.

[0018] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment exemplarily shows a pneumatic cyclone for sorting fine particle materials, including a conical pneumatic cyclone 4, which is arranged horizontally, and the larger end of the conical pneumatic cyclone 4 is connected to a storage box 1 for storing materials with a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and a water content of less than 4%, and one end of the storage box 1 is connected to a feed pipe 3, and the feed pipe 3 is required to have good wear resistance and good anti-static performance while keeping the pipe wall contact surface smooth to reduce resistance; the end of the feed pipe 3 extends into the larger end of the conical pneumatic cyclone 4, and the outer wall of the storage box 1 corresponding to the feed pipe 3 is installed with an air compressor 2, and the air outlet of the air compressor 2 is connected to the storage box 1. The air compressor 2 is used to introduce air medium with a flow rate of 17-24m / s into the storage box 1 to ensure the stability of gas transportation during the operation of the device; the smaller mouth end of the conical pneumatic cyclone 4 is connected with the overflow product negative pressure collector 7, and the bottom of the larger mouth end of the conical pneumatic cyclone 4 is connected with the bottom material product negative pressure collector 6 through the discharge pipe 5. The discharge pipe 5 is required to have good wear resistance and good anti-static performance like the feed pipe 3, while keeping the pipe wall contact surface smooth to reduce resistance. The bottom material product negative pressure collector 6 can effectively collect the bottom material product under negative pressure relief, effectively reduce dust flying, effectively filter small particles and impurities, and improve the quality of collected materials.

[0019] This embodiment mainly uses the effect of centrifugal force to achieve the separation of the mixture. When the gas containing solid particles enters the conical pneumatic cyclone tangentially at a certain speed, the heavier particles are thrown to the wall due to the centrifugal force, and slide down along the wall under the action of gravity, and are finally discharged from the bottom outlet. After reaching the bottom, the bottom material product negative pressure collector uses negative pressure to suck the heavier materials into it; while the lighter materials are carried by the gas to form an upward airflow in the center, and enter the overflow product negative pressure collector from the top under the action of negative pressure. The dust collector in the device can reduce the interference of dust in the transportation process to the experiment, and the sealing cover can provide a good working environment for the operator.

[0020] In this embodiment, the gas-solid mixing ratio of the material and the air medium is 0-10%, which ensures that it is transported in a dilute phase during the transportation process, in order to improve the subsequent fine particle material sorting effect.

[0021] A dust collector 8 is provided at the bottom of the middle section of the conical pneumatic cyclone 4 to remove dust in the device to prevent interference with the sorting results.

[0022] In actual use, a sealing cover 9 can also be set, and the material storage box 1, air compressor 2, feeding pipe 3, conical pneumatic cyclone 4, and discharge pipe 5 are connected with bottom material product negative pressure collector 6 and overflow product negative pressure collector 7, which are all arranged in the sealing cover 9; the air inlet of the air compressor 2 is connected to the outside of the sealing cover 9. It can provide a closed working environment for the whole device to prevent the product from flying out of the device during the working process.

[0023] When the pneumatic cyclone for fine particle material separation of this embodiment is used to separate fine particle materials, the specific operation is as follows:

[0024] 1) Store materials with a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and a water content of less than 4% in a storage box 1, start an air compressor 2 to control the air compressor to output air at a gas flow rate of 17 to 24 m / s, mix the air with the materials, and then transport them into a conical pneumatic cyclone 4, where centrifugal force is mainly used to separate the mixture;

[0025] 2) The heavier particles are thrown toward the wall of the conical pneumatic cyclone 4, and slide down along the wall under the action of gravity, and finally discharged from the discharge pipe 5 at the bottom and collected by the bottom material product negative pressure collector 6;

[0026] 3) The lighter materials are carried by the gas to form an upward airflow in the center, which is discharged from the top outlet and collected in the overflow product negative pressure collector 7.

[0027] In summary, the present invention uses normal temperature air as the medium, which is conducive to reducing production and use costs, solving problems such as resource waste and environmental pollution. It provides a new type of pneumatic cyclone and material sorting related system, improves the entire sorting process, and improves the shortcomings of material loss caused by water medium and water scarcity.

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. All technical variations made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aerocyclone for separating fine particle materials, comprising a conical aerocyclone (4), characterized in that: The conical pneumatic cyclone (4) is arranged horizontally, and the larger opening of the conical pneumatic cyclone (4) is connected to a storage box (1) for storing materials with a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and a water content of less than 4%. One end of the storage box (1) is connected to a feed pipe (3), and the end of the feed pipe (3) extends into the larger opening of the conical pneumatic cyclone (4). An air compressor (2) is installed on the outer wall of the storage box (1) corresponding to the feed pipe (3), and the air outlet of the air compressor (2) is connected to the inside of the storage box (1); the smaller opening of the conical pneumatic cyclone (4) is connected to a negative pressure collector (7) for overflow products, and the bottom of the larger opening of the conical pneumatic cyclone (4) is connected to a negative pressure collector (6) for bottom product products through a discharge pipe (5).

2. The pneumatic cyclone for separating fine particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air compressor (2) is used to introduce air medium with a flow rate of 17-24 m / s into the storage box (1).

3. The pneumatic cyclone for separating fine particles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas-solid mixing ratio of the material to the air medium is 0-10%.

4. The pneumatic cyclone for separating fine particle materials according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A dust collector (8) is provided at the bottom of the middle section of the conical pneumatic cyclone (4).

5. The pneumatic cyclone for separating fine particle materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also comprises a sealing cover (9), a material storage box (1), an air compressor (2), a material inlet pipe (3), a conical pneumatic cyclone (4), and a material outlet pipe (5) connected to a negative pressure collector for a bottom material product (6) and a negative pressure collector for an overflow product (7), all of which are arranged inside the sealing cover (9); and an air inlet of the air compressor (2) is connected to the outside of the sealing cover (9).

6. A method for using the pneumatic cyclone for separating fine particle materials as claimed in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Materials with a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and a water content of less than 4% are stored in a storage box (1), and an air compressor (2) is turned on to control the air compressor to output air at a gas flow rate of 17 to 24 m / s. The air is mixed with the materials and then transported to a conical pneumatic cyclone (4). In the conical pneumatic cyclone (4), centrifugal force is mainly used to separate the mixture; S2, the heavier particles are thrown toward the wall of the conical pneumatic cyclone (4), and slide down along the wall under the action of gravity, and finally discharged from the discharge pipe (5) at the bottom and collected by the bottom material product negative pressure collector (6); S3. The lighter materials are carried by the gas to form an upward airflow in the center, which is discharged from the top outlet and collected in the overflow product negative pressure collector (7).

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