Split type boring machining method for butt joint parts

Abstract

The invention discloses a split type boring method for butt joint parts, which comprises the following steps: respectively mounting the same indexing alignment template on two parts, and respectively aligning and processing the two parts by a numerical control boring machine through the indexing alignment template to realize the consistency of processing and positioning of the two parts; the indexing alignment template comprises a template body, and the template body is provided with an alignment mark and two sets of connecting hole groups corresponding to the two parts. The high-precision indexing alignment template is used for indexing and alignment of the runner hub and the handling frame in single-piece machining of the numerical control boring machine, the consistency of the positions of all sets of shaft holes of the runner hub and corresponding lug holes of the handling frame can be guaranteed, and therefore split type machining of the runner hub and the handling frame is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to a split boring processing method between butt-jointed components. Background Art

[0002] The relative position accuracy of the blade shaft hole of the impeller body and the corresponding ear hole of the operating frame of the propeller turbine is very high. The current process solution in the industry is to assemble the two parts together and use a rotary table on a CNC boring machine to bore the shaft hole of the impeller body and the ear hole of the operating frame to meet the high precision requirements. This technical solution has the following disadvantages:

[0003] 1. The existing technical solution requires the wheel body and the operating frame to be assembled into a whole by connecting tools, so it has high requirements on the size and load-bearing capacity of the rotary table of the CNC boring machine, and increases the dependence on the scarce equipment resources of large boring machines.

[0004] 2. Due to the constraints of production organization and equipment resources, the manufacturing cycles of the wheel body and the operating frame may be inconsistent, which will cause the two parts to wait for each other, thereby reducing production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a split boring processing method between docking parts in view of the above-mentioned problems, using a high-precision indexing and alignment template, which is respectively used for the indexing and alignment of the wheel body and the operating frame in the single-piece processing of the CNC boring machine, and can ensure the consistency of the positions between the various groups of axial holes of the wheel body and the corresponding ear holes of the operating frame, thereby realizing the split processing of the wheel body and the operating frame.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A split boring method for butting parts, wherein the same indexing alignment template is installed on two parts respectively, and a CNC boring machine aligns and processes the two parts respectively through the indexing alignment template, so as to achieve consistency in the processing positioning of the two components;

[0008] The graduation alignment template comprises a template body, on which alignment marks and two sets of connection hole groups corresponding to the two components are arranged.

[0009] Optionally, the following steps may be included:

[0010] Step A: Processing the wheel body:

[0011] A1. Install the indexing and alignment template on the wheel body;

[0012] A2. Use the indexing alignment template and the CNC boring machine to align the wheel body;

[0013] A3. Process the runner body using a CNC boring machine;

[0014] Step B: Processing the operating frame:

[0015] B1. Install the indexing and alignment template on the operating frame;

[0016] B2. Use the indexing alignment template to align with the CNC boring machine to achieve alignment of the operating frame;

[0017] B3. Use CNC boring machine to process the operating frame;

[0018] The order of steps A and B is not limited.

[0019] Optionally, A1 or B1 includes the following steps:

[0020] S11. Before installation, clean the burrs, impurities, oil stains, etc. on the indexing and alignment template and the mating surface of the workpiece.

[0021] S12, install the indexing and alignment template on the workpiece stop and align it with the XY line;

[0022] S13. Adjust the coaxiality between the indexing and alignment template and the stopper of the workpiece, and check the clearance of the stopper with a feeler gauge;

[0023] S14. Use a feeler gauge to check the clearance between the indexing template and the workpiece stopper;

[0024] S15. After the indexing and alignment template is aligned, tighten the bolts and recheck according to the requirements of S13 and S14.

[0025] Optionally, in S13, the clearance of the stopper is checked symmetrically at 8 points, and the point deviation is required to be no more than 0.02mm.

[0026] Alternatively, S14 requires that the local gap is no greater than 0.02 mm.

[0027] Optionally, A2 comprises the following steps:

[0028] S21, the workpiece is leveled with the finishing plane;

[0029] S22, check the circular line of the large shaft hole of the spherical surface;

[0030] S23. Align the dividing tool with the straight edge of the boring bar and use a dial gauge to align it.

[0031] Optionally, the leveling requirement in XY direction in S21 is not more than 0.02mm / m.

[0032] Optionally, the total length error requirement for S23 is no more than 0.02mm.

[0033] Optionally, A3 comprises the following steps:

[0034] S31. During the machining of the first set of large and small axial holes of the workpiece, semi-finish boring is performed with a single-side allowance on each surface to check and confirm that the dimensional accuracy, roughness, coaxiality and other geometric accuracy of the large and small axial holes meet the requirements of the drawing.

[0035] S32. Use a laser tracker to check the coaxiality of the large and small shaft holes and the correctness of the verticality of the thrust surface inside the large shaft hole relative to the axis centerline;

[0036] S33, formally process the large and small shaft holes of the first set of blades.

[0037] Optionally, in S31, a 2mm margin is left on one side.

[0038] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0039] 1. The present invention provides a split boring method for butt-jointed components. The split processing does not require the wheel body and the operating frame to be assembled as a whole, thereby reducing the requirements for the size and load-bearing capacity of large CNC boring machines and reducing the dependence on large equipment. Since the components can be processed separately, the production organization can arrange the processing time of different components more flexibly, avoiding the delay of one component affecting the processing of another component, thereby shortening the overall production cycle.

[0040] 2. The split boring processing method between butt-jointed components provided by the present invention can ensure the relative position accuracy between components by using a precise indexing and alignment template and controlling the accuracy of assembly and alignment, thereby improving the overall processing accuracy of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the dividing and aligning template and the rotor body.

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the graduation and alignment template and the operating frame.

[0044] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the graduation and alignment template.

[0045] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA section view.

[0046] Markings in the figure: 1-dividing and alignment template, 2-rotating wheel body, 3-operating frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0048] All features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed, except mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.

[0049] Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless otherwise stated, can be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features with similar purposes. That is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0050] A split boring method between butt-jointed parts, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the same indexing and aligning template 1 is installed on the two components respectively, and the CNC boring machine aligns and processes the two components respectively through the indexing and aligning template 1 to achieve consistency in the processing and positioning of the two components;

[0051] The graduation alignment template 1 comprises a template body, on which alignment marks and two sets of connection hole groups corresponding to the two components are provided.

[0052] The indexing alignment template 1 has high-precision positioning features, which can provide a unified positioning reference on different components. The indexing alignment template 1 is installed on the wheel body 2 and the operating frame 3 respectively, and the positioning features of the template are accurately aligned with the corresponding processing positions on the component. Use a CNC boring machine to align each component individually through the indexing alignment template 1. After the alignment is completed, fix the template and the component, and then bore the shaft hole and the ear hole. Since the two components use the same indexing alignment template 1, the relative position accuracy between them can be ensured. An alignment mark is provided in the center or appropriate position of the template body. This hole is used to cooperate with the precision alignment device of the CNC boring machine to ensure the accurate position of the template on the machine tool. Two sets of connection hole groups are provided in different areas of the template body, and each set of holes corresponds to the specific connection and positioning requirements of a component. The layout and size of these hole groups are determined according to the interface design of the two components to ensure that the template can be accurately docked with the component, and after the two components are connected to the indexing alignment template 1, the corresponding alignment positions are the same alignment marks, thereby achieving the relative position accuracy between the template and the component. The alignment marks can be alignment holes or alignment lines.

[0053] As another specific implementation, the method comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step A: Processing the wheel body 2:

[0055] A1. Install the indexing and aligning template 1 on the wheel body 2; accurately install the indexing and aligning template 1 at the predetermined position of the wheel body 2. The connecting hole group of the template matches the specific interface of the wheel body 2 to ensure the relative position accuracy between the template and the wheel body 2.

[0056] A2. Use the indexing alignment template 1 and the CNC boring machine to align the wheel body 2; align the alignment device of the CNC boring machine with the alignment mark of the indexing alignment template 1 to ensure the accurate position of the wheel body 2 on the machine tool. This process ensures the accuracy of subsequent processing.

[0057] A3. Process the runner body 2 using a CNC boring machine. After the runner body 2 is accurately aligned, the CNC boring machine begins to bore the blade shaft hole of the runner body 2. Due to the positioning function of the indexing alignment template 1, the machining position accuracy of the shaft hole is guaranteed.

[0058] Step B: Processing the operating frame 3:

[0059] B1. Install the indexing and alignment template 1 on the operating frame 3. Similar to step A1, this step involves installing the indexing and alignment template 1 on a predetermined position of the operating frame 3. Another set of connection holes of the template matches the interface of the operating frame 3 to ensure the relative position accuracy between the template and the operating frame 3.

[0060] B2. Use the indexing alignment template 1 and the CNC boring machine to align the operating frame 3; align the alignment device of the CNC boring machine with the alignment mark of the indexing alignment template 1 to ensure the accurate position of the operating frame 3 on the machine tool. This process ensures the processing accuracy of the ear holes of the operating frame 3.

[0061] B3. Use a CNC boring machine to process the operating frame 3. After the operating frame 3 is accurately aligned, the CNC boring machine starts boring the ear holes of the operating frame 3. Since the same indexing alignment template 1 is used, the position accuracy of the ear holes of the operating frame 3 matches the position accuracy of the shaft hole of the wheel body 2.

[0062] There is no limit to the order of steps A and B. The order of steps A and B can be interchanged, which means that the processing order can be adjusted according to the production plan and resource availability, which improves the flexibility of the production process. Each component can be processed independently, reducing the risk of affecting the entire production process due to the delay of one component.

[0063] As another specific implementation, A1 or B1 includes the following steps:

[0064] S11. Before installation, clean the burrs, impurities, oil stains, etc. on the matching surfaces of the indexing and alignment template 1 and the workpiece. Before installing the indexing and alignment template 1, it is necessary to ensure that the matching surfaces of the template and the workpiece (wheel body 2 or operating frame 3) are clean and free of pollution. Burrs, impurities and oil stains may affect the correct matching of the template and the workpiece, thereby affecting the processing accuracy. Cleaning work is usually completed using tools such as detergents, brushes, and compressed air.

[0065] S12, install the indexing and alignment template 1 on the stop of the workpiece and align it with the XY line; place the indexing and alignment template 1 on the stop of the workpiece (rotating wheel body 2 or operating frame 3), and ensure that the template is aligned with the XY line of the workpiece.

[0066] S13. Adjust the coaxiality between the indexing and alignment template 1 and the stopper of the workpiece, and check the stopper clearance with a feeler gauge; through adjustment, ensure the coaxiality between the indexing and alignment template 1 and the stopper of the workpiece, that is, the center line of the template coincides with the center line of the workpiece. Use a feeler gauge to check the stopper clearance to ensure that the template and the workpiece fit tightly and evenly without excessive gaps.

[0067] S14. Use a feeler gauge to check the clearance between the indexing template and the workpiece stopper. In addition to checking the stopper clearance, it is also necessary to check the clearance between the indexing and alignment template 1 and the workpiece stopper. This ensures that the template is also tightly fitted to the workpiece in the plane direction without warping or gaps.

[0068] S15. After the indexing and alignment template 1 is aligned, tighten the bolts and recheck according to the requirements of S13 and S14. After the indexing and alignment template 1 is correctly aligned and the clearance is confirmed to meet the requirements, the template is fixed to the workpiece by tightening the bolts. After fixing, it is necessary to recheck the stopper clearance and plane clearance according to the requirements of S13 and S14 to ensure that the position of the template has not changed during the fixing process.

[0069] As another specific implementation method, in S13, the fitting clearance of the stopper is checked symmetrically at 8 points, and the point deviation is required to be no more than 0.02 mm. On the mating surface between the dividing and alignment template 1 and the stopper of the workpiece, 8 symmetrically distributed measuring points are selected. These points should be evenly distributed on the circumference of the stopper, with one point every 45 degrees, or appropriately adjusted according to the specific workpiece and template design. Gently insert the feeler gauge into the first measuring point, and record the maximum thickness that the feeler gauge can be inserted into, which represents the gap size at that point. Repeat the above steps to measure the remaining 7 points. If the gap size of any measuring point exceeds the specified tolerance range, or the point deviation is greater than 0.02 mm, the dividing and alignment template 1 needs to be adjusted until all measuring points meet the requirements.

[0070] As another specific implementation, S14 requires that the gap is locally no greater than 0.02 mm. Measurements are performed point by point in the selected local area. It is ensured that the measurement points cover the entire local area, especially at edges or corners where gap changes may exist. The gap is generally required to be 0 to ensure that the fit between components meets the design requirements, thereby ensuring the performance and reliability of the equipment.

[0071] As another specific implementation, A2 includes the following steps:

[0072] S21, the workpiece is leveled with the finishing plane;

[0073] S22. Check the circular line of the large spherical shaft hole to ensure that the roundness and straightness of the shaft hole meet the design requirements.

[0074] S23. Align the indexing tool with the straight edge of the boring bar. Ensure the alignment accuracy of the indexing tool and the boring bar.

[0075] As another specific implementation, the leveling requirement in the XY direction in S21 is not greater than 0.02 mm / m.

[0076] As another specific implementation, the total length error in S23 is required to be no greater than 0.02 mm.

[0077] Ensure the accuracy of the relative position of the tool and the workpiece during subsequent processing, thereby improving the accuracy and quality of the processed surface.

[0078] As another specific implementation, 3 includes the following steps:

[0079] S31. During the machining of the first set of large and small axial holes of the workpiece, semi-finish boring is performed with a single-side allowance on each surface to check and confirm that the dimensional accuracy, roughness, coaxiality and other geometric accuracy of the large and small axial holes meet the requirements of the drawings. Semi-finish boring of large and small axial holes is a preliminary machining, leaving a certain allowance on each surface for subsequent finishing.

[0080] S32. Use laser tracker to check the coaxiality of large and small shaft holes and the verticality of the thrust surface inside the large shaft hole relative to the axis centerline; use laser tracker, a high-precision measuring device, to check the coaxiality of large and small shaft holes. Laser tracker can provide high-precision three-dimensional coordinate measurement, which is suitable for precision measurement of large workpieces.

[0081] S33, formally process the large and small shaft holes of the first set of blades. According to the previous semi-finishing boring and measurement results, the final finishing is carried out to complete the processing of the large and small shaft holes.

[0082] As another specific implementation, in S31, a single-side margin of 2 mm is left.

[0083] As another specific embodiment, the outer periphery of the template body is a regular polygonal structure, which can be used to ensure the precise alignment and repeatability of the components.

[0084] As another specific embodiment, the alignment mark is an alignment hole 11 and / or an alignment line 12. The alignment hole 11 is used to cooperate with a specific positioning pin of the boring machine to achieve accurate positioning. The alignment line 12 provides a visual reference for aligning the machining center line or checking the machining position. Through the alignment hole 11 and / or the alignment line 12, the operator can quickly and accurately set the position of the workpiece, align the boring machine, and ensure the accuracy of the boring process.

[0085] As another specific embodiment, the alignment holes 11 include four holes distributed in a "cross" shape. The four alignment holes 11 are distributed on two mutually perpendicular axes, forming a layout similar to a "cross". The two holes on one axis are parallel to each other, and the two holes on the other axis are also parallel to each other, and the two axes intersect vertically. The two holes on the diagonal line can be used to align the workpiece in the horizontal and vertical directions at the same time, thereby improving the accuracy of alignment.

[0086] As another specific embodiment, the alignment line 12 is an XY line engraved on the two end faces and the generatrix of the template body. By engraving the XY line on the two end faces and the generatrix, positioning in three dimensions can be achieved to ensure the correct position of the workpiece in space, which is used for initial alignment during the processing of the wheel body 2 and the operating frame 3. The engraving of the XY line provides an intuitive visual reference, allowing the operator to quickly and accurately adjust the position of the workpiece.

[0087] As another specific embodiment, the connection hole group includes a connection hole group of the wheel body 2 and a connection hole group of the operating frame 3. The connection hole group of the wheel body 2 is used to match the specific structure of the wheel body 2 to ensure the accurate position of the wheel body 2 on the template. The connection hole group of the operating frame 3 is used to cooperate with the structure of the operating frame 3 to ensure the correct position of the operating frame 3 on the template. Since the operating frame 3 and the wheel body 2 use the same indexing and alignment template 1, the processing and positioning consistency between the two can be ensured, which is crucial to the overall performance and reliability of the component. The two sets of connection hole groups provide a unified processing standard for two different components, standardize the processing process, and reduce errors caused by component differences.

[0088] As another specific embodiment, the upper end surface of the template body is provided with a first stop 15 corresponding to the stop of the wheel body 2; the lower end surface of the template body is provided with a second stop 16 corresponding to the stop of the operating frame 3. The first stop 15 matches the stop of the wheel body 2, ensuring the precise docking between the template body and the wheel body 2, thereby ensuring the positioning accuracy during processing. The second stop 16 cooperates with the stop of the operating frame 3 to accurately position the operating frame 3 and ensure the correct position of the operating frame 3 on the template body. The design of the stop usually has certain guiding and error-proofing functions, which can prevent the template body from rotating or dislocating during installation. The stop designs of the wheel body 2 and the operating frame 3 are similar or need to be separated in space. Providing stoppers on the upper end surface and the lower end surface respectively can avoid interference between them during assembly.

[0089] As another specific embodiment, the connecting hole group of the wheel body 2 and the connecting hole group of the operating frame 3 are respectively opened from the two end faces of the template body. The connecting hole group of the wheel body 2 is located at one end face of the template body, and the connecting hole group of the operating frame 3 is located at the other end face, so that the connection of each component corresponds to the specific end face of the template body. The connecting hole group of each end face is matched with the corresponding stopper (the first stopper 15 and the second stopper 16), ensuring the correct position and direction of the component on the template body. Through the corresponding design of the end face and the stopper, the accurate alignment of the wheel body 2 and the operating frame 3 can be achieved, thereby improving the assembly accuracy of the entire system.

[0090] As another specific embodiment, the middle of the template body is provided with a plurality of observation holes 17. During the assembly and adjustment process, the coaxiality between the template and the wheel body 2 and the operating frame 3 can be visually checked and adjusted.

[0091] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, but extends to any new features or any new combination disclosed in this specification, as well as any new method or process steps or any new combination disclosed.

Claims

1. A split boring method between butted parts, characterized in that: The same indexing and alignment template is installed on the two components respectively, and the CNC boring machine aligns and processes the two components respectively through the indexing and alignment template to achieve the consistency of processing and positioning of the two components; The graduation alignment template comprises a template body, on which alignment marks and two sets of connection hole groups corresponding to the two components are arranged.

2. The split boring method between butted parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step A: Processing the wheel body: A1. Install the indexing and alignment template on the wheel body; A2. Use the indexing alignment template and the CNC boring machine to align the wheel body; A3. Process the runner body using a CNC boring machine; Step B: Processing the operating frame: B1. Install the indexing and alignment template on the operating frame; B2. Use the indexing alignment template to align with the CNC boring machine to achieve alignment of the operating frame; B3. Use CNC boring machine to process the operating frame; The order of steps A and B is not limited.

3. The split boring method between butted parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: A1 or B1 includes the following steps: S11. Before installation, clean the burrs, impurities, oil stains, etc. on the indexing and alignment template and the mating surface of the workpiece. S12, install the indexing and alignment template on the workpiece stop and align it with the XY line; S13. Adjust the coaxiality between the indexing and alignment template and the stopper of the workpiece, and check the clearance of the stopper with a feeler gauge; S14. Use a feeler gauge to check the clearance between the indexing template and the workpiece stopper; S15. After the indexing and alignment template is aligned, tighten the bolts and recheck according to the requirements of S13 and S14.

4. The split boring method between butted parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S13, check the symmetry of the stop gap at 8 points, and require the point deviation to be no more than 0.02mm.

5. The split boring method between butted parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: S14 requires that the local gap should not be greater than 0.02 mm.

6. The split boring method between butted parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: A2 includes the following steps: S21, the workpiece is leveled with the finishing plane; S22, check the circular line of the large shaft hole of the spherical surface; S23. Align the dividing tool with the straight edge of the boring bar and use a dial gauge to align it.

7. The split boring method between butted parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The leveling requirement in XY direction in S21 is not more than 0.02mm / m.

8. The split boring method between butted parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The total length error requirement for S23 is no more than 0.02mm.

9. The split boring method between butted parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: A3 includes the following steps: S31. During the machining of the first set of large and small axial holes of the workpiece, semi-finish boring is performed with a single-side allowance on each surface to check and confirm that the dimensional accuracy, roughness, coaxiality and other geometric accuracy of the large and small axial holes meet the requirements of the drawings. S32. Use a laser tracker to check the coaxiality of the large and small shaft holes and the correctness of the verticality of the thrust surface inside the large shaft hole relative to the axis centerline; S33, formally process the large and small shaft holes of the first set of blades.

10. The split boring method between butted parts according to claim 9, characterized in that: In S31, a 2mm margin is left on one side.

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