Automatic bolt and nut pre-tightening device

Abstract

The automatic bolt and nut pre-tightening device comprises a guide rail mounting plate, a base plate is arranged on the front side of the guide rail mounting plate, a horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the front side of the base plate, a first servo motor and a second servo motor are mounted on the horizontal plate, and a quick-change fixing plate is arranged at the lower end of the horizontal plate; a screw tightening assembly is arranged at the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate and comprises a shell arranged at the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate, and a lower sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower end of the shell. According to the equipment, screws provided with nuts can be taken away through a mechanical arm and then quickly screwed into mounting holes of a hub, after mounting, it can be guaranteed that the distance between the end face of each screw and the hub meets the requirement, and then the perpendicularity between bolts and the hub face can also be guaranteed; finally, the torque requirement of the pre-screwing screw and the nut can also be ensured; therefore, the mounting effect of the screw is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power generation fan hub processing, and in particular to an automatic pre-tightening device for bolts and nuts. Background Art

[0002] In today's era of widespread use of clean energy, wind power generation is one of the important ways to obtain green energy, and the efficient and stable production and assembly of generator fans are crucial. As one of the core components, the accurate installation of the screw and nut of the generator fan hub is directly related to the overall performance and safety of the fan.

[0003] Traditionally, the screws and nuts on the hub of the power generation fan are mostly installed manually. The screws and nuts are pre-tightened on the hub manually, and then the screws are stretched and tightened using the existing tensioner. However, this manual installation method has many disadvantages. On the one hand, it is difficult to accurately control the distance between the top of the screw and the hub by manual operation. In the actual installation process, due to factors such as human visual errors, different operating proficiency, and lack of accurate measurement tools for real-time assistance, the screw installation position often deviates. This deviation will not only cause subsequent hydraulic stretching and tightening to get stuck, affecting the efficiency of the subsequent process, but also may cause uneven force on the fan hub during subsequent operation, which not only reduces the power generation efficiency, but also accelerates the wear of components, shortens the service life of the fan, and even in extreme cases may cause safety hazards, threatening the stable operation of the entire wind power generation system.

[0004] On the other hand, with the continuous development of the wind power industry, the production scale and assembly efficiency of power fans are increasingly required. The manual installation method is inefficient and cannot meet the needs of large-scale industrial production, resulting in longer production cycles and increased costs.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a bolt and nut pre-tightening device for a power generation fan hub to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings existing in the prior art, and a bolt and nut pre-tightening device for a power generation fan hub is proposed. The device can take away the screw with the nut installed by a manipulator and then quickly screw it into the mounting hole of the hub. After installation, firstly, it can ensure that the distance between the end face of each screw and the hub meets the requirements, and secondly, it can also ensure the verticality between the bolt and the hub surface. Finally: it can also ensure the torque requirements of the pre-tightened screws and nuts; thereby ensuring the installation effect of the screw.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A bolt and nut automatic pre-tightener, comprising a guide rail mounting plate, a pad is provided on the front side of the guide rail mounting plate, a horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the front side of the pad, a first servo motor and a second servo motor are mounted on the horizontal plate, a quick-change fixing plate is provided at the lower end of the horizontal plate, a screw tightening assembly is provided at the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate, the screw tightening assembly comprises a shell arranged at the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate, a lower sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower sleeve, a sensor fixing block is fixedly connected to the lower mounting plate at the lower end of the sensor fixing block by a plurality of bolts, a brake fixing plate is mounted at the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate, and a brake fixing plate is mounted at the lower end of the brake fixing plate There is a brake, a screw shaft is provided in the shell, a threaded hole is provided at the lower end of the screw shaft, the screw shaft is fixedly connected to the active part of the brake, a clutch is installed in the shell, the screw shaft is fixedly connected to the active part of the clutch, the lower end of the driven part of the clutch is fixedly connected to a connecting plate, the lower end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to a bearing, the lower end of the bearing is provided with a rotating gear ring, the rotating gear ring and the connecting plate are fixedly connected by multiple bolts, the lower end of the bearing is fixedly connected with a sealing ring, the lower end of the rotating gear ring is provided with a nut tightening buckle, the rotating gear ring and the nut tightening buckle are connected by spline matching, and the screw shaft is elastically connected to the lower end of the connecting plate by a second spring.

[0009] Preferably, a nut tightening assembly is provided at the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate, and the nut tightening assembly includes a gear box arranged on the right side of the outer shell, the inner top and inner bottom of the gear box are rotatably connected to a rotating rod, the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a first gear, the first gear is meshed with a rotating gear ring, a second coupling is installed at the upper end of the gear box, the lower end output shaft of the second coupling extends into the gear box and is fixedly connected to the second gear, a first coupling is installed at the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate, a torque sensor is provided between the first coupling and the second coupling, the lower end rotating shaft of the first coupling and the upper end rotating shaft of the second coupling are fixedly connected to both ends of the torque sensor, and the upper end output shaft of the first coupling is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the lower end of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to two quick-change fixed upper plates and multiple zero-point upper fixed blocks, the lower ends of the multiple zero-point upper fixed blocks are each provided with a zero-point lower fixed block, the lower ends of the two quick-change fixed upper plates are each fixedly connected to a quick-change device male head, a quick-change device female head is provided below the quick-change device head, and the lower ends of the multiple zero-point lower fixed blocks and the quick-change device female head are fixedly connected to the upper end of the quick-change fixed plate.

[0011] Preferably, two guide rail bodies are fixedly connected to the front side of the guide rail mounting plate, two sliders are slidably connected to the two guide rail bodies, multiple sliders are fixedly connected to the rear side of the pad, a spring fixing block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pad, a spring baffle is fixedly connected to the front side of the guide rail mounting plate, the spring baffle and the adjacent sides of the spring fixing block are elastically connected by two first springs, and a displacement sensor is installed on the front side of the guide rail mounting plate.

[0012] Preferably, a proximity sensor is installed at the lower end of the sensor fixing block.

[0013] Preferably, the ends of the output shafts of the first servo motor and the second servo motor are fixedly connected to cylinders, the inner walls of the two cylinders are provided with a plurality of slots, the outer walls of the connecting shaft and the screw shaft are fixedly connected to a plurality of blocks, the plurality of blocks are located in the corresponding slots, and the connecting shaft and the screw shaft are elastically connected to the inner tops of the corresponding cylinders via a third spring.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. Compared with the existing technology, the precise connection and coordination between the brake, clutch and various components can accurately install the screw and nut according to the preset standards and parameters, effectively avoiding the distance deviation problem caused by human factors, greatly improving the installation accuracy, ensuring that the fan hub is uniformly stressed during subsequent operation, and helping to extend the service life of the equipment and improve power generation efficiency;

[0016] 2. Compared with the prior art, the screw locking device of the present invention is equipped with power components such as a first servo motor and a second servo motor. Combined with a reasonable transmission link, it can realize automated and continuous installation operations. Compared with manual installation, it greatly shortens the installation time of a single hub, effectively improves the overall production efficiency, and can better meet the requirements of large-scale industrial production, reduce production costs, and help the wind power generation industry to further improve its production capacity. At the same time, through the setting of a torque sensor, it is ensured that the pre-tightening of the screw and nut reaches the required torque, thereby ensuring the installation effect of the screw and nut;

[0017] 3. Compared with the prior art, by setting up displacement sensors and multiple springs, the screw can be stably screwed into the wheel hub when the manipulator drives the device to move, without the need to control the moving speed of the manipulator, thereby avoiding damage to the threaded layer in the wheel hub;

[0018] 4. Compared with the prior art, by setting the quick-change fixing upper plate, the zero point upper fixing block, the quick-change device female head, and the zero point lower fixing block, the bolt tightening assembly and the nut tightening assembly can be quickly installed under the horizontal plate, and the screw shaft and the connecting shaft can be quickly connected to the first servo motor and the second servo motor, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the equipment. At the same time, it can meet the needs of assembling different screw assemblies on the same product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic pre-tightening device for bolts and nuts proposed by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An internal cross-sectional view of

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0023] In the figure: 1 guide rail mounting plate, 2 guide rail body, 3 slider, 4 pad, 5 spring baffle, 6 first spring, 7 spring fixing block, 8 displacement sensor, 9 first servo motor, 10 second servo motor, 11 quick change fixing upper plate, 12 quick change device female head, 13 zero point upper fixing block, 14 third spring, 15 zero point lower fixing block, 16 quick change fixing plate, 17 first coupling, 18 torque sensor, 19 second coupling, 20 gear box, 21 housing, 22 sensor fixing block, 23 lower mounting plate, 24 lower sleeve, 25 brake fixing plate, 26 connecting plate, 27 nut tightening buckle, 28 rotating gear ring, 29 screw shaft, 30 threaded hole, 31 second spring, 32 brake, 33 clutch, 34 sealing ring, 35 bearing, 36 rotating rod, 37 first gear, 38 second gear, 39 connecting shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4A bolt and nut automatic pre-tightener comprises a guide rail mounting plate 1, a backing plate 4 is arranged on the front side of the guide rail mounting plate 1, a horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the front side of the backing plate 4, a first servo motor 9 and a second servo motor 10 are mounted on the horizontal plate, the first servo motor 9 and the second servo motor 10 are both provided with brakes, when the brake is disconnected, the screw shaft 29 can rotate normally, a quick-change fixing plate 16 is arranged at the lower end of the horizontal plate, a screw tightening assembly is arranged at the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate 16, and the screw tightening assembly comprises a housing 2 arranged at the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate 16 1, the lower end of the housing 21 is fixedly connected with a lower sleeve 24, the lower end of the lower sleeve 24 is fixedly connected with a sensor fixing block 22, the lower end of the sensor fixing block 22 is fixedly connected with a lower mounting plate 23 by a plurality of bolts, the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate 16 is installed with a brake fixing plate 25, the lower end of the brake fixing plate 25 is installed with a brake 32, a screw shaft 29 is provided in the housing 21, a threaded hole 30 is provided at the lower end of the screw shaft 29, the screw shaft 29 is fixedly connected with the active part of the brake 32, a clutch 33 is installed in the housing 21, the screw shaft 29 and The active part of the clutch 33 is fixedly connected, and the lower end of the driven part of the clutch 33 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 26, and the lower end of the connecting plate 26 is fixedly connected with a bearing 35. The lower end of the bearing 35 is provided with a rotating gear ring 28, and the rotating gear ring 28 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 26 by multiple bolts. The lower end of the bearing 35 is fixedly connected with a sealing ring 34. Lubricating oil is injected into the meshing part of the rotating gear ring 28. Adding the sealing ring 34 can prevent the lubricating oil from overflowing. The lower end of the rotating gear ring 28 is provided with a nut tightening buckle 27, and the rotating gear ring 28 and the nut tightening buckle 27 are connected. By means of the spline connection, the sensor fixing block 22 can be removed and the nut tightening buckle 27 can be replaced. The screw shaft 29 is elastically connected to the lower end of the connecting plate 35 by the second spring 31. When the brake 32 and the clutch 33 are both disconnected, the screw shaft 29 will rotate normally and drive the active part of the clutch 33 to rotate. When the clutch 33 is combined, the screw shaft 29 drives the nut tightening buckle 27 to rotate. When the brake 32 is combined and the clutch 33 is separated, the nut tightening buckle 27 can rotate normally, but the screw shaft 29 cannot rotate.

[0026] Among them, a nut tightening assembly is provided at the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate 16, and the nut tightening assembly includes a gear box 20 arranged on the right side of the housing 21. The inner top and inner bottom of the gear box 20 are rotatably connected to a rotating rod 36, and a first gear 37 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 36. The first gear 37 is meshed with the rotating gear ring 28. A second coupling 19 is installed at the upper end of the gear box 20, and the lower end output shaft of the second coupling 19 extends into the gear box 20 and is fixedly connected to the second gear 38. The first coupling 17 is installed at the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate 16, and the first coupling 17 and the second coupling 1 9, the lower end rotating shaft of the first coupling 17 and the upper end rotating shaft of the second coupling 19 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the torque sensor 18, the upper end output shaft of the first coupling 17 is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft 39, and a controller is provided. The setting of the torque sensor 18 can transmit the signal to the controller after the screw and the nut are tightened, and the controller controls the brake 32 to merge, and then the second servo motor 10 runs again to tighten the nut again. When the torque sensor 18 detects that the torque is 200NM, the controller controls the second servo motor 10 to stop running.

[0027] Among them, the lower end of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected with two quick-change fixed upper plates 11 and multiple zero-point upper fixed blocks 13, and the lower ends of the multiple zero-point upper fixed blocks 13 are each provided with a zero-point lower fixed block 15. The lower ends of the two quick-change fixed upper plates 11 are fixedly connected with a quick-change device male head, and a quick-change device female head 12 is provided below the quick-change device foreman. The lower ends of the multiple zero-point lower fixed blocks 15 and the quick-change device female head 12 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the quick-change fixed plate 16. The output shaft ends of the first servo motor 9 and the second servo motor 10 are fixedly connected with cylinders, and the inner walls of the two cylinders are provided with multiple slots. The outer walls of the connecting shaft 39 and the screw shaft 29 are fixedly connected with multiple blocks, and the multiple blocks are located in the corresponding slots. The connecting shaft 39 and the screw shaft 29 are elastically connected to the inner top of the corresponding cylinder through the third spring 14, so that the screw tightening assembly and the nut tightening assembly can be disassembled, and the stretcher (prior art) is installed together with the first servo motor 9 and the second servo motor 10.

[0028] Among them, two guide rail bodies 2 are fixedly connected to the front side of the guide rail mounting plate 1, and two sliders 3 are slidably connected to the two guide rail bodies 2. Multiple sliders 3 are fixedly connected to the rear side of the pad 4, and the upper end of the pad 4 is fixedly connected to a spring fixing block 7. The front side of the guide rail mounting plate 1 is fixedly connected to a spring baffle 5, and the spring baffle 5 is elastically connected to the adjacent sides of the spring fixing block 7 through two first springs 6. A displacement sensor 8 is installed on the front side of the guide rail mounting plate 1, and a proximity sensor is installed on the lower end of the sensor fixing block 22 to facilitate detection of whether the screw is completely screwed into the wheel hub.

[0029] The functional principle of the present invention can be explained through the following operation mode: first, the screw and the nut are pre-assembled on the existing tooling equipment, and the nut is screwed on the screw at a certain height, and the screw is in a locked state. After the equipment is connected to the mechanical arm, the mechanical arm is used to drive the equipment to move, so that the screw enters into the lower sleeve 24, and the nut enters into the nut tightening buckle 27. At this time, the clutch 33 and the brake 32 are both in the open state, and the first servo motor 9 is controlled to run, thereby driving the screw shaft 29 to rotate. Since the thread layer on the screw corresponds to the thread layer in the threaded hole 30, the equipment will continue to move downward, and then the screw enters into the threaded hole 30. At this time, the clamping of the screw and the nut is completed, and the staff controls the tooling equipment to release the restriction on the screw and the nut;

[0030] After the screw and nut are moved to a suitable position by the manipulator, one end of the screw is inserted into the thread groove. At this time, the staff controls the clutch 33 to merge, the brake 32 is in the open state, the brake on the first servo motor 9 is disconnected, and then the second servo motor 10 is controlled to operate, and the rotating gear ring 28 is driven to rotate by the first gear 37 and the second gear 38 in the gear box 20, so that the active part of the clutch 33 drives the screw shaft 29 to rotate, and the driven part of the clutch 33 drives the nut tightening buckle 27 to rotate, and then the screw is screwed into the wheel hub. After the screw is completely screwed in, the nut fits with the outer surface of the wheel hub;

[0031] When the screw is screwed in, the signal generated by the torque sensor 18 will surge. After the signal is transmitted to the controller, the controller controls the brake 32 to engage, the clutch 33 to disconnect, and then the second servo motor 10 to run again, so as to tighten the nut again. Since the brake 32 is engaged at this time, the screw will no longer rotate with the nut, so that the nut is tightly squeezed on the wheel hub (at this time, there will be a certain misalignment between the threads of the nut and the screw, resulting in a greater force requirement for the relative rotation of the screw and the nut). When the electrical signal generated by the torque sensor 18 reaches 200NM, the second servo motor 10 is turned off;

[0032] At this time, the staff controls the clutch 33 and the brake 32 to be disconnected, and controls the first servo motor 9 to reverse. Since the force required for the relative rotation of the screw and the nut is large, the relative rotation force between the screw and the threaded hole 30 is small. At this time, when the first servo motor 9 is reversed, the screw shaft 29 will rotate, and the screw will not rotate, thereby separating the screw from the threaded hole 30, thereby completing the installation of the screw and the nut on the wheel hub.

[0033] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic pre-tightening device for bolts and nuts, comprising a guide rail mounting plate (1), characterized in that: The front side of the guide rail mounting plate (1) is provided with a pad (4), the front side of the pad (4) is fixedly connected to a horizontal plate, the horizontal plate is mounted with a first servo motor (9) and a second servo motor (10), the lower end of the horizontal plate is provided with a quick-change fixing plate (16), the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate (16) is provided with a screw tightening assembly, the screw tightening assembly comprises a shell (21) arranged at the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate (16), the lower end of the shell (21) is fixedly connected to a lower sleeve (24), the lower end of the lower sleeve (24) is fixedly connected to a sensor fixing block (22), the lower end of the sensor fixing block (22) is fixedly connected to a lower mounting plate (23) by a plurality of bolts, the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate (16) is mounted with a brake fixing plate (25), the lower end of the brake fixing plate (25) is mounted with a brake (32), a screw shaft (29) is provided in the shell (21), the screw shaft A threaded hole (30) is provided at the lower end of the screw shaft (29), the screw shaft (29) is fixedly connected to the active part of the brake (32), a clutch (33) is installed in the housing (21), the screw shaft (29) is fixedly connected to the active part of the clutch (33), the lower end of the driven part of the clutch (33) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (26), the lower end of the connecting plate (26) is fixedly connected to a bearing (35), the lower end of the bearing (35) is provided with a rotating gear ring (28), the rotating gear ring (28) and the connecting plate (26) are fixedly connected by a plurality of bolts, the lower end of the bearing (35) is fixedly connected with a sealing ring (34), the lower end of the rotating gear ring (28) is provided with a nut tightening buckle (27), the rotating gear ring (28) and the nut tightening buckle (27) are connected by spline matching, and the screw shaft (29) and the lower end of the connecting plate (35) are elastically connected by a second spring (31).

2. The automatic pre-tightening device for bolts and nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A nut tightening assembly is provided at the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate (16), and the nut tightening assembly includes a gear box (20) arranged on the right side of the housing (21). The inner top and inner bottom of the gear box (20) are rotatably connected to a rotating rod (36). The rotating rod (36) is fixedly connected to a first gear (37). The first gear (37) is meshed with a rotating gear ring (28). A second coupling (19) is installed at the upper end of the gear box (20). The lower end of the second coupling (19) is connected to a transmission gear (28). The output shaft extends into the gear box (20) and is fixedly connected to a second gear (38); a first coupling (17) is installed at the lower end of the quick-change fixing plate (16); a torque sensor (18) is provided between the first coupling (17) and the second coupling (19); a lower end rotating shaft of the first coupling (17) and an upper end rotating shaft of the second coupling (19) are fixedly connected to both ends of the torque sensor (18); and an upper end output shaft of the first coupling (17) is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft (39).

3. The automatic pre-tightening device for bolts and nuts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to two quick-change fixed upper plates (11) and a plurality of zero-point upper fixed blocks (13); the lower ends of the plurality of zero-point upper fixed blocks (13) are each provided with a zero-point lower fixed block (15); the lower ends of the two quick-change fixed upper plates (11) are each fixedly connected to a quick-change device male head; a quick-change device female head (12) is provided below the quick-change device head; the lower ends of the plurality of zero-point lower fixed blocks (15) and the quick-change device female head (12) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the quick-change fixed plate (16).

4. The automatic bolt and nut pre-tightening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front side of the guide rail mounting plate (1) is fixedly connected to two guide rail bodies (2), and two sliders (3) are slidably connected to the two guide rail bodies (2). The plurality of sliders (3) are fixedly connected to the rear side of a pad (4), and the upper end of the pad (4) is fixedly connected to a spring fixing block (7). The front side of the guide rail mounting plate (1) is fixedly connected to a spring baffle (5), and the adjacent sides of the spring baffle (5) and the spring fixing block (7) are elastically connected via two first springs (6). A displacement sensor (8) is installed on the front side of the guide rail mounting plate (1).

5. The automatic bolt and nut pre-tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A proximity sensor is installed at the lower end of the sensor fixing block (22).

6. The automatic pre-tightening device for bolts and nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft ends of the first servo motor (9) and the second servo motor (10) are both fixedly connected to a cylinder, the inner walls of the two cylinders are each provided with a plurality of slots, the outer walls of the connecting shaft (39) and the screw shaft (29) are both fixedly connected to a plurality of blocks, the plurality of blocks are located in the corresponding slots, and the connecting shaft (39) and the screw shaft (29) are elastically connected to the inner top of the corresponding cylinder via a third spring (14).

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