Aluminum profile preparation process capable of effectively eliminating uneven structure components

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation process of an aluminum profile capable of effectively eliminating non-uniform structure components, which comprises the following steps: S1, proportioning raw materials in percentage by weight: 1.19%-1.30% of Si, 0-0.32% of Fe, 0.21%-0.25% of Cu, 0.50%-0.70% of Mn, 0.60%-0.70% of Mg, 0-0.21% of Zn, 0-0.11% of Ti, 0.01%-0.05% of a refiner, less than 0.03% of a single impurity element, less than 0.12% of total impurities and the balance of Al; s2, the proportioned raw materials are subjected to smelting treatment and casting treatment, and a cast ingot is obtained; s3, the cast ingot is subjected to homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment, solution treatment and natural aging treatment, and a profile is obtained; and S4, the profile is subjected to artificial aging treatment. According to the method, the thin-wall large-section aluminum profile without dragging damage and crack defects on the surface quality is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal material processing, and in particular to a preparation process of an aluminum profile which can effectively eliminate uneven tissue components. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy is a light metal material made of aluminum as the base material and by adding other alloying elements. It has the characteristics of low density, good mechanical properties, good processing performance, non-toxicity, easy recycling, excellent electrical conductivity, heat transfer and corrosion resistance. The strength of aluminum alloy can be adjusted by adding different alloying elements. Common alloying elements include copper, magnesium, zinc and silicon. Aluminum alloy has a wide range of applications in industry, especially in aviation, aerospace, automobile, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding and chemical industries. For example, aluminum alloy is the main material for manufacturing aircraft. Because of its low density, high strength and corrosion resistance, it has become an ideal material for aircraft manufacturing. In addition, aluminum alloy is also used to manufacture structural components of automobiles, ships and other means of transportation.

[0003] ‌‌The reason why aluminum profiles are prone to uneven composition during the preparation process. The quality of raw materials directly affects the uniformity of the composition of aluminum profiles. If there are defects such as inclusions, pores, cracks, etc. in the raw materials, or improper operation during the smelting and casting process, the internal structure of the aluminum profile will be uneven. The setting of process parameters is crucial to the processing quality of aluminum profiles. If the process parameters such as extrusion temperature, extrusion speed, and cooling speed are not properly controlled, the internal structure of the aluminum profile may be loose, the grains may be coarse, and cracks, pockmarks, and other defects may appear on the surface.

[0004] It is hoped to provide a preparation process for aluminum profiles that can effectively eliminate the uneven structure composition and solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation process for aluminum profiles which can effectively eliminate the uneven organizational composition, so as to obtain thin-walled large-section aluminum profiles with surface quality without dragging and crack defects.

[0006] A preparation process of an aluminum profile that effectively eliminates uneven tissue composition comprises the following steps; S1. Raw material ratio, the following raw materials by weight percentage: Si 1.19% ~ 1.30%, Fe 0 ~ 0.32%, Cu 0.21% ~ 0.25%, Mn 0.50% ~ 0.70%, Mg 0.60% ~ 0.70%, Zn 0 ~ 0.21%, Ti 0 ~ 0.11%, refiner 0.01% ~ 0.05%, single impurity element < 0.03%, total impurities < 0.12%, Al is the balance; S2, smelting and casting the raw materials with good proportion to obtain ingots; S3, subjecting the ingot to homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment, solution treatment and natural aging treatment to obtain a profile; S4, subjecting the profile to artificial aging treatment.

[0007] Specifically, in step S2, the smelting treatment temperature is 700°C to 800°C, nitrogen refining is used, and the steel is left to stand for 30 minutes to 50 minutes, and then a refiner is added with a double wire feeder to perform grain refinement.

[0008] Specifically, in step S2, the refiner is any one of a titanium-boron refiner, an aluminum-titanium-boron block, and an Al-5Ti-1B compound.

[0009] Specifically, in step S2, the casting process temperature is 650°C to 750°C, the speed is 40 to 50 mm / min, the water pressure is 200 KPa to 220 KPa, and the ingot is covered with a covering agent, and the hot top semi-continuous casting is performed to cast the ingot.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S3, the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 520° C. and is kept for 6 to 7 hours, and spray cooling is performed rapidly after the homogenization treatment.

[0011] Further, in step S3, the extrusion process is carried out using a forward extruder, the ingot extrusion temperature is 500°C ~ 540°C, and the ingot is peeled 4mm on one side after being taken out of the furnace, the extrusion barrel temperature is 420°C ~ 450°C, the mold temperature is 480°C ~ 520°C, the extrusion speed is 6m / min ~ 8m / min, 99% nitrogen is passed into the dedicated pad channel during production, the extrusion ratio is 49, and the profile is quenched by online strong wind cooling.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S3, the temperature of the solution treatment is 510° C. to 560° C., and the holding time is 10 min to 30 min.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S3, the natural aging treatment is carried out at a temperature of 25° C. for 9 to 15 days.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S4, the temperature of the artificial aging treatment is 160° C. to 210° C., and the temperature is kept for 6 h to 9 h.

[0015] The preparation process of the aluminum profile of the present invention which effectively eliminates the uneven structure composition has the following advantages compared with the prior art: (1) Obtaining thin-walled large-section aluminum profiles with surface quality without drag and crack defects, and the prepared aluminum profiles have a tensile strength of 400MPa, a yield strength of more than 360MPa, and an elongation after fracture of 16% to 18%; (2) It can effectively eliminate the problem of uneven composition of aluminum alloy structure, improve the atomic diffusion capacity, present a more stable state, and evenly dissolve the components in the aluminum matrix, which can reduce the defects inside the aluminum alloy and help improve the strength of the aluminum alloy material. Among the same type of aluminum profiles, it can ensure the performance while making the aluminum alloy lighter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Specific embodiment one: A preparation process of an aluminum profile that effectively eliminates uneven tissue composition comprises the following steps; S1. Raw material ratio: the following raw materials by weight percentage: Si 1.19%, Fe 0.31%, Cu 0.21%, Mn 0.51%, Mg 0.62%, Zn 0.19%, Ti 0.08%, refiner 0.02%, single impurity element < 0.03%, total impurities < 0.12%, Al is the balance; S2, smelting and casting the raw materials with good proportion to obtain ingots; S3, subjecting the ingot to homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment, solution treatment and natural aging treatment to obtain a profile; S4, subjecting the profile to artificial aging treatment.

[0018] Wherein, in step S2, the smelting treatment temperature is 710°C, nitrogen refining is used, and the steel is left to stand for 50 minutes, and then a refiner is added with a double wire feeder to perform grain refinement.

[0019] Wherein, in step S2, the refiner is a titanium boron refiner.

[0020] Wherein, in step S2, the casting temperature is 650°C, the speed is 40mm / min, the water pressure is 200KPa, and the ingot is covered with a covering agent, and the hot top semi-continuous casting is performed.

[0021] Wherein, in step S3, the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 520° C. and is kept at this temperature for 7 hours, and spray cooling is performed rapidly after the homogenization treatment.

[0022] Among them, in step S3, the extrusion process uses a forward extruder, the ingot extrusion temperature is 500°C, and the ingot is peeled 4mm on one side after being taken out of the furnace, the extrusion barrel temperature is 420°C, the mold temperature is 480°C, the extrusion speed is 6m / min, 99% nitrogen is passed into the dedicated pad channel during production, the extrusion ratio is 49, and the profile is cooled and quenched by online strong wind.

[0023] Wherein, in step S3, the temperature of the solution treatment is 510° C. and the holding time is 10 min.

[0024] Wherein, in step S3, the natural aging treatment is carried out at a temperature of 25° C. for 9 days.

[0025] Wherein, in step S4, the temperature of artificial aging treatment is 160° C. and kept warm for 8 hours. Specific embodiment 2: A preparation process of an aluminum profile that effectively eliminates uneven tissue composition comprises the following steps; S1. Raw material ratio: the following raw materials by weight percentage: Si 1.19%, Fe 0.32%, Cu 0.25%, Mn 0.70%, Mg 0.70%, Zn 0.21%, Ti 0.08%, refiner 0.05%, single impurity element < 0.03%, total impurities < 0.12%, Al is the balance; S2, smelting and casting the raw materials with good proportion to obtain ingots; S3, subjecting the ingot to homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment, solution treatment and natural aging treatment to obtain a profile; S4, subjecting the profile to artificial aging treatment.

[0027] Wherein, in step S2, the smelting treatment temperature is 750°C, nitrogen refining is used, and the steel is left to stand for 40 minutes, and then a refiner is added with a double wire feeder to perform grain refinement.

[0028] Wherein, in step S2, the refiner is an aluminum titanium boron block.

[0029] Wherein, in step S2, the casting temperature is 700°C, the speed is 45mm / min, the water pressure is 210KPa, and the ingot is covered with a covering agent, and the hot top semi-continuous casting is performed.

[0030] Wherein, in step S3, the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 520° C. and is kept at this temperature for 6 hours, and spray cooling is performed rapidly after the homogenization treatment.

[0031] Among them, in step S3, the extrusion process uses a forward extruder, the ingot extrusion temperature is 520°C, and the ingot is peeled 4mm on one side after being taken out of the furnace, the extrusion barrel temperature is 440°C, the mold temperature is 500°C, the extrusion speed is 7m / min, 99% nitrogen is passed into the dedicated pad channel during production, the extrusion ratio is 49, and the profile is cooled and quenched by online strong wind.

[0032] Wherein, in step S3, the temperature of the solution treatment is 530° C. and the holding time is 15 min.

[0033] Wherein, in step S3, the natural aging treatment is carried out at a temperature of 25° C. for 12 days.

[0034] Wherein, in step S4, the temperature of artificial aging treatment is 190° C. and kept warm for 8 hours. Specific embodiment three: A preparation process of an aluminum profile that effectively eliminates uneven tissue composition comprises the following steps; S1. Raw material ratio: the following raw materials by weight percentage: Si 1.29%, Fe 0.27%, Cu 0.24%, Mn 0.65%, Mg 0.68%, Zn 0.17%, Ti 0.08%, refiner 0.04%, single impurity element < 0.03%, total impurities < 0.12%, Al is the balance; S2, smelting and casting the raw materials with good proportion to obtain ingots; S3, subjecting the ingot to homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment, solution treatment and natural aging treatment to obtain a profile; S4, subjecting the profile to artificial aging treatment.

[0036] Wherein, in step S2, the smelting temperature is 800°C, nitrogen refining is used, and the steel is left to stand for 30 minutes, and then a refiner is added with a double wire feeder to perform grain refinement.

[0037] Wherein, in step S2, the refiner is Al-5Ti-1B compound.

[0038] Wherein, in step S2, the casting temperature is 750°C, the speed is 50mm / min, the water pressure is 220KPa, and the ingot is covered with a covering agent, and the hot top semi-continuous casting is performed.

[0039] Wherein, in step S3, the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 520° C. and is kept at this temperature for 6 hours, and spray cooling is performed rapidly after the homogenization treatment.

[0040] Among them, in step S3, the extrusion process uses a forward extruder, the ingot extrusion temperature is 540°C, and the ingot is peeled 4mm on one side after being taken out of the furnace, the extrusion barrel temperature is 450°C, the mold temperature is 520°C, the extrusion speed is 8m / min, 99% nitrogen is passed into the dedicated pad channel during production, the extrusion ratio is 49, and the profile is quenched by online strong wind cooling.

[0041] Wherein, in step S3, the temperature of the solution treatment is 560° C. and the holding time is 10 min.

[0042] Wherein, in step S3, the natural aging treatment is carried out at a temperature of 25° C. for 9 days.

[0043] Wherein, in step S4, the temperature of artificial aging treatment is 210° C. and the temperature is kept for 6 hours.

[0044] Select experiment: Its performance test is shown in Table 1 project Tensile strength / Mpa Yield strength / Mpa Elongation / % Example 1 402 362 17.6 Example 2 398 359 16.4 Example 3 400 361 16.9 From the data analysis in Table 1, it can be seen that the present application can significantly improve the strength of the aluminum alloy as a whole through the composition and ratio of the aluminum alloy, combined with the process, while ensuring the use strength of the 6 series aluminum alloy to meet the use requirements while reducing the weight.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for preparing aluminum profiles that effectively eliminates uneven organizational components, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Raw material ratio, the following raw materials by weight percentage: Si 1.19% ~ 1.30%, Fe 0 ~ 0.32%, Cu 0.21% ~ 0.25%, Mn 0.50% ~ 0.70%, Mg 0.60% ~ 0.70%, Zn 0 ~ 0.21%, Ti 0 ~ 0.11%, refiner 0.01% ~ 0.05%, single impurity element < 0.03%, total impurities < 0.12%, Al is the balance; S2, smelting and casting the raw materials with good proportion to obtain ingots; S3, subjecting the ingot to homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment, solution treatment and natural aging treatment to obtain a profile; S4, subjecting the profile to artificial aging treatment.

2. The process for preparing an aluminum profile that effectively eliminates uneven structural composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the smelting treatment temperature is 700°C to 800°C, nitrogen refining is used, and the steel is left to stand for 30 minutes to 50 minutes, and then a refiner is added with a double wire feeder to perform grain refinement.

3. The process for preparing an aluminum profile that effectively eliminates uneven composition of the structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the refiner is any one of a titanium-boron refiner, an aluminum-titanium-boron block and an Al-5Ti-1B compound.

4. The process for preparing an aluminum profile that effectively eliminates uneven structural composition according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the casting temperature is 650°C to 750°C, the speed is 40 to 50 mm / min, the water pressure is 200 KPa to 220 KPa, and the ingot is cast by hot top semi-continuous casting with covering agent.

5. The process for preparing an aluminum profile that effectively eliminates uneven composition of the structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 520°C and kept at this temperature for 6-7 hours, and then the homogenization treatment is followed by rapid spray cooling.

6. The process for preparing an aluminum profile that effectively eliminates uneven composition of the structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the extrusion process is performed using a forward extruder, the ingot extrusion temperature is 500°C ~ 540°C, and the ingot is peeled 4mm on one side after being taken out of the furnace, the extrusion barrel temperature is 420°C ~ 450°C, the mold temperature is 480°C ~ 520°C, the extrusion speed is 6m / min ~ 8m / min, 99% nitrogen is passed into the dedicated pad channel during production, the extrusion ratio is 49, and the profile is cooled and quenched by online strong wind.

7. The process for preparing an aluminum profile that effectively eliminates uneven composition of the structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, the temperature of the solution treatment is 510°C to 560°C, and the holding time is 10 min to 30 min.

8. The process for preparing an aluminum profile that effectively eliminates uneven composition of the structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, the natural aging treatment is carried out at a temperature of 25°C for 9 to 15 days.

9. The process for preparing an aluminum profile that effectively eliminates uneven composition of the structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, the temperature of artificial aging treatment is 160°C to 210°C, and the temperature is kept for 6h to 9h.