Capillary saturated zone detection test device

Abstract

The invention provides a capillary saturated zone detection test device, which comprises: a geological simulation device, which comprises a box body, the box body is provided with a water inlet, a first air vent and a cavity, the water inlet and the first air vent are both communicated with the cavity, prefabricated soil can be placed in the cavity, the water inlet is used for injecting water into the prefabricated soil, and the first air vent is used for injecting water into the prefabricated soil; the first air vent is used for supplying air into the prefabricated soil so as to simulate the prefabricated soil characteristics of a capillary saturation zone and a surrounding rock stratum, and a detection hole is formed in the top of the prefabricated soil and extends in the vertical direction; the detection equipment comprises a detection box, detection electrodes and a power supply, the detection box is provided with a containing cavity, the power supply is electrically connected with the detection electrodes, part of the detection electrodes are located in the detection holes, and the detection electrodes can detect the resistivity of the prefabricated soil. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the problem that the detection error of the capillary saturated zone detection device for detecting soil under different geological conditions cannot be known in the prior art can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining safety, and in particular to a capillary saturation zone detection test device. Background Art

[0002] The capillary saturation zone is the area where water in the soil moves upward until the water distribution reaches saturation. In mining engineering, especially in coal mining operations, the detection of the capillary saturation zone has a direct impact on the stability of the roadway and the groundwater management of coal mining. Therefore, before coal mining, it is an essential task to accurately determine the height of the capillary saturation zone on the ground.

[0003] Most of the existing capillary saturated zone detection technologies are based on direct field measurements, but the soil characteristics in different regions are different. Different soil characteristics may have different influences or interferences on the detection device, resulting in different detection errors when the detection device detects the capillary saturated zones in different regions. The operator cannot know the detection error, which causes the detection device to have detection errors when detecting the capillary saturated zones. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a capillary saturated zone detection test device to solve the problem in the prior art that the detection error of the capillary saturated zone detection device when detecting soils under different geological conditions cannot be known.

[0005] The invention provides a capillary saturated zone detection test device, which comprises: a geological simulation device, comprising a box body, the box body having a water inlet, a first air vent and a cavity, the water inlet and the first air vent are both connected to the cavity, the cavity can hold prefabricated soil, the water inlet is used to inject water into the prefabricated soil, the first air vent is used to supply air into the prefabricated soil, so as to simulate the prefabricated soil characteristics of the capillary saturated zone and the surrounding rock formations, the top of the prefabricated soil is provided with a detection hole, the detection hole extends in a vertical direction; a detection device, comprising a detection box, a detection electrode and a power supply, the detection box having a containing cavity, the detection electrode and the power supply are both arranged in the containing cavity, the power supply is electrically connected to the detection electrode, part of the detection electrode is located in the detection hole, and the detection electrode can detect the resistivity of the prefabricated soil.

[0006] Furthermore, the cavity has a water inlet chamber, a test chamber and a drainage chamber which are arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction. The water inlet chamber, the test chamber and the drainage chamber are connected in sequence. The test chamber is used to place prefabricated soil. The water inlet is connected to the water inlet chamber. The water inlet chamber has a water outlet on the side close to the test chamber. The water outlet is connected to the test chamber, and a first one-way valve is arranged at the water outlet; a drain port is arranged on the side close to the test chamber, the drain port is connected to the drainage chamber, and a second one-way valve is arranged at the drain port. A drain port is arranged on the side of the drainage chamber away from the test chamber, and the drain port is used to discharge the water in the drainage chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the detection device also includes a cable and a winding assembly, which are both arranged in the accommodating cavity, one end of the cable is electrically connected to the detection electrode, and the other end of the cable is wound on the winding assembly, and the winding assembly is used to reel in or unwind the cable. The cable has scale lines, and the scale lines can measure the retracted and extended length of the cable to measure the height of the capillary saturation zone of the prefabricated soil.

[0008] Furthermore, the detection device also includes a driver and a display, both of which are arranged in the accommodating cavity. The driver is connected to the detection electrode, and the driver can drive the detection electrode to move in the detection hole to detect the resistivity of the prefabricated soil. The display is electrically connected to the detection electrode, and the display is used to receive and display the detection data of the detection electrode.

[0009] Furthermore, the detection device also includes an adjustment component, which is arranged at the opening of the detection hole and can adjust the position of the detection electrode in the detection hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjustment component includes: a support seat, which is inserted into the prefabricated soil near the opening of the detection hole; a driving wheel and a driven wheel, which are sequentially arranged on the support seat in the vertical direction, and the driven wheel is close to the opening of the detection hole. One end of the cable sequentially bypasses the driving wheel and the driven wheel and enters the detection hole. The driving wheel is connected to the cable to drive the cable to move up and down in the detection hole, and the cable drives the driven wheel to rotate relative to the support seat; a motor is arranged on the support seat, and the motor is connected to the driving wheel to drive the driving wheel to rotate relative to the support seat.

[0011] Furthermore, the geological simulation equipment also includes an air duct, which is arranged in the test chamber, and has a first air vent and a second air vent at both ends of the air duct, respectively. A fan is arranged in the air duct, the first air vent is located above the prefabricated soil, and the second air vent is located at the bottom of the prefabricated soil. The fan can drive the air above the prefabricated soil and the air inside the prefabricated soil to circulate between each other.

[0012] Furthermore, the geological simulation equipment also includes a first heating element, a first cooling element and a first thermometer. The first heating element, the first cooling element and the first thermometer are all located in the test chamber. The first heating element and the first cooling element are respectively located at the first vent to heat or cool the air at the first vent. The first thermometer is located above the prefabricated soil and is used to measure the temperature of the air in the test chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the geological simulation equipment also includes a second heating element, a second cooling element and a second thermometer, which are all arranged at the bottom of the water inlet chamber. The second heating element is used to heat the water in the water inlet chamber, the second cooling element is used to cool the water, and the second thermometer is used to measure the temperature of the water.

[0014] Furthermore, the geological simulation equipment also includes a humidifier and a hygrometer, both of which are arranged in the test chamber and located above the prefabricated soil. The humidifier is used to adjust the humidity of the air in the test chamber, and the hygrometer is used to detect the humidity of the air in the test chamber.

[0015] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the geological simulation device is used to send air into the prefabricated soil through the first vent to simulate the voids in the actual rock layer soil, and water is injected into the prefabricated soil in the cavity through the water inlet, so that a nearly saturated wet water layer is formed in the prefabricated soil to simulate the capillary saturated zone. In this way, the soil characteristics of the capillary saturated zone and the surrounding rock layer in different regions can be simulated. By probing the detection electrode into the detection hole, the soil in the capillary saturated zone has a high water content, and the water content will affect the resistivity of the soil. Therefore, by observing whether the resistivity detected by the detection electrode has a sudden change, the height of the capillary saturated zone can be detected, and then compared with the actual simulated height of the capillary saturated zone in the prefabricated soil, the detection accuracy of the detection device can be obtained. Through the above-mentioned settings, the geological simulation device can simulate a more realistic geological environment, and can test and verify the detection accuracy of the detection device in detecting the capillary saturated zone height of different geology, and then improve or adjust the detection device, so as to improve the detection accuracy of the detection device in the actual field. At the same time, the device is simple and easy to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a capillary saturation band detection test device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0018] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0019] 10. Geological simulation equipment;

[0020] 11. Box body;

[0021] 110. Water inlet;

[0022] 111. Inspection hole;

[0023] 112, water inlet cavity;

[0024] 113. Test chamber;

[0025] 114. Drainage cavity;

[0026] 115. Drainage outlet;

[0027] 20. Detection equipment;

[0028] 21. Detection box;

[0029] 22. Detection electrode;

[0030] 23. Power supply;

[0031] 24. Cables;

[0032] 25. Winding assembly;

[0033] 26. Display;

[0034] 27. Detection electrode switch;

[0035] 28. Storage box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a capillary saturated zone detection test device, which includes: a geological simulation device 10 and a detection device 20. The geological simulation device 10 includes a box 11, the box 11 has a water inlet 110, a first vent and a cavity, the water inlet 110 and the first vent are both connected to the cavity, the cavity can hold prefabricated soil, the water inlet 110 is used to inject water into the prefabricated soil, the first vent is used to send air into the prefabricated soil, so as to simulate the prefabricated soil characteristics of the capillary saturated zone and the surrounding rock formations, the top of the prefabricated soil has a detection hole 111, and the detection hole 111 extends in the vertical direction. The detection device 20 includes a detection box 21, a detection electrode 22 and a power supply 23, the detection box 21 has a receiving cavity, the detection electrode 22 and the power supply 23 are both arranged in the receiving cavity, the power supply 23 is electrically connected to the detection electrode 22, part of the detection electrode 22 is located in the detection hole 111, and the detection electrode 22 can detect the resistivity of the prefabricated soil.

[0038] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the geological simulation device 10 is used to send air into the prefabricated soil through the first vent to simulate the voids in the actual rock layer soil, and water is injected into the prefabricated soil in the cavity through the water inlet 110 so that a nearly saturated wet water layer is formed in the prefabricated soil to simulate the capillary saturated zone. In this way, the soil characteristics of the capillary saturated zone and the surrounding rock layer in different regions can be simulated. The detection electrode 22 is probed into the detection hole 111. The soil in the capillary saturated zone has a high water content, and the water content will affect the resistivity of the soil. Therefore, by observing whether the resistivity detected by the detection electrode 22 changes suddenly, the height of the capillary saturated zone can be detected, and then compared with the real simulated height of the capillary saturated zone in the prefabricated soil, the detection accuracy of the detection device can be obtained. Through the above-mentioned setting, the water and gas exchange process of the soil under natural conditions can be simulated more accurately, and the detection accuracy of the detection device 20 in detecting the height of the capillary saturated zone of different geology can be tested and verified, providing data closer to reality. Then the detection device 20 is improved or adjusted, so as to improve the detection accuracy of the detection device 20 in the actual field. At the same time, the device is simple and easy to operate.

[0039] Specifically, a storage box 28 is further disposed inside the detection device 20 for storing the detection electrodes 22 and the cables 24 .

[0040] The cavity has a water inlet chamber 112, a test chamber 113 and a drainage chamber 114 arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction. The water inlet chamber 112, the test chamber 113 and the drainage chamber 114 are connected in sequence. The test chamber 113 is used to place prefabricated soil. The water inlet 110 is connected to the water inlet chamber 112. The water inlet chamber 112 has a water outlet on one side close to the test chamber 113. The water outlet is connected to the test chamber 113. A first one-way valve is arranged at the water outlet. In this way, the water inlet chamber 112 can store a certain amount of water. The amount of water in the prefabricated soil entering the test chamber 113 is controlled by the first one-way valve to ensure sufficient water supply to the test chamber 113.

[0041] Furthermore, a drain port is provided on the side of the drainage chamber 114 close to the test chamber 113, the drain port is connected to the drainage chamber 114, a second one-way valve is provided at the drain port, and a drain port 115 is provided on the side of the drainage chamber 114 away from the test chamber 113, the drain port 115 is used to discharge the water in the drainage chamber 114. The above arrangement can accurately control the water inflow and outflow in the test chamber 113, the drainage chamber 114 can store the drainage in the test chamber 113, and uniformly discharge it after storing a certain amount, thereby reducing the number of drainage operations.

[0042] Specifically, the detection device 20 also includes a cable 24 and a winding assembly 25, both of which are arranged in the accommodating cavity, one end of the cable 24 is electrically connected to the detection electrode 22, and the other end of the cable 24 is wound on the winding assembly 25, and the winding assembly 25 is used to reel in or unwind the cable 24, and the cable 24 has scale lines, which can measure the retracted length of the cable 24 to measure the height of the capillary saturation zone of the prefabricated soil. Through the above-mentioned setting, the winding assembly 25 can improve the retracted and extended accuracy of the cable 24, so that the measurement process of the detection electrode 22 is more accurate, and the vertical displacement and depth of the detection electrode 22 in the detection hole 111 can be monitored in real time according to the change of the scale lines.

[0043] The detection device 20 further includes a driver and a display 26, both of which are arranged in the accommodating cavity, the driver is drivingly connected to the detection electrode 22, the driver can drive the detection electrode 22 to move in the detection hole 111 to detect the resistivity of the prefabricated soil, and the display 26 is electrically connected to the detection electrode 22, and the display 26 is used to receive and display the detection data of the detection electrode 22. Through the above settings, the setting of the driver improves the convenience of the test, and the display 26 provides a data display function, which greatly improves the test efficiency and data readability.

[0044] Specifically, there are multiple detection electrodes 22 and cables 24, and the multiple cables 24 and the multiple detection electrodes 22 are arranged one by one. The multiple detection electrodes 22 are arranged in a ring on the periphery of the driving member, and the multiple detection electrodes 22 can be controlled to approach or move away from each other through the driving member, so as to drive the multiple detection electrodes 22 to move away from each other to contact the prefabricated soil, or drive the multiple detection electrodes 22 to approach each other to avoid the prefabricated soil. The power supply 23 supplies power to one detection electrode 22 through one of the cables 24, and the current returns to the other detection electrode 22 through the soil to form a closed loop, so as to detect the resistivity of the prefabricated soil.

[0045] In the present application, the detection device 20 also includes a detection electrode switch 27, which is connected to the driving member to further improve the convenience of operation.

[0046] Furthermore, the detection device 20 also includes an adjustment component, which is arranged at the opening of the detection hole 111, and the adjustment component can adjust the position of the detection electrode 22 in the detection hole 111. This makes the positioning of the detection electrode 22 more flexible and accurate, and improves the detection accuracy of the detection electrode 22.

[0047] Specifically, the adjustment assembly includes: a support seat, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a motor. Among them, the support seat is inserted in the prefabricated soil near the opening of the detection hole 111. The driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged on the support seat in sequence along the vertical direction, and the driven wheel is close to the opening of the detection hole 111. One end of the cable 24 bypasses the driving wheel and the driven wheel in sequence and enters the detection hole 111. The driving wheel is connected to the cable 24 to drive the cable 24 to move up and down in the detection hole 111, and the cable 24 drives the driven wheel to rotate relative to the support seat. The motor is arranged on the support seat, and the motor is connected to the driving wheel. The motor is used to drive the driving wheel to rotate relative to the support seat. Through the above arrangement, the adjustment assembly can avoid the cable 24 from contacting the hole wall of the detection hole 111, so that the cable 24 can always be located in the central position of the detection hole 111, thereby ensuring that the displacement of the cable 24 can accurately reflect the detection height. At the same time, the above structure can also cooperate with the winding assembly 25 to improve the smoothness of the movement of the cable 24 and avoid the occurrence of jamming when the cable 24 moves. At the same time, the stability of the detection electrode at different depths is ensured, errors caused by electrode shaking during the measurement process are avoided, and precise movement of the detection electrode 22 can be achieved, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0048] Among them, the geological simulation equipment 10 also includes an air duct, which is arranged in the test chamber 113, and has a first vent and a second vent at both ends of the air duct, respectively, and a filter is arranged at the second vent, and a fan is arranged in the air duct, the first vent is located above the prefabricated soil, and the second vent is located at the bottom of the prefabricated soil, and the fan can drive the air above the prefabricated soil and the air inside the prefabricated soil to circulate with each other. By controlling the air circulation, air can be blown into the prefabricated soil, or air can be drawn from the prefabricated soil, and the porosity in the prefabricated soil can be increased or decreased at any time, so as to more realistically simulate the voids in the actual soil and improve the realism of the environmental simulation.

[0049] In this embodiment, the geological simulation device 10 further includes a first heating element, a first cooling element and a first thermometer, which are all located in the test cavity 113, and the first heating element and the first cooling element are respectively located at the first vent to heat or cool the air at the first vent, and the first thermometer is located above the prefabricated soil, and the first thermometer is used to measure the temperature of the air in the test cavity 113. The above design can heat or cool the ventilation to adjust the temperature in the prefabricated soil and the temperature in the test cavity 113 in real time.

[0050] Furthermore, the geological simulation device 10 also includes a second heating element, a second cooling element, and a second thermometer, which are all arranged at the bottom of the water inlet chamber 112, the second heating element is used to heat the water in the water inlet chamber 112, the second cooling element is used to cool the water, and the second thermometer is used to measure the temperature of the water. The above arrangement can adjust the water inlet temperature in real time, so that the temperature in the prefabricated soil and the ambient temperature in the test chamber 113 can be adjusted more conveniently, thereby improving the authenticity of the environmental data in the test chamber 113.

[0051] Specifically, the geological simulation device 10 further includes a humidifier and a hygrometer, both of which are arranged in the test chamber 113 and above the prefabricated soil, the humidifier is used to adjust the humidity of the air in the test chamber 113, and the hygrometer is used to detect the humidity of the air in the test chamber 113. This design can simulate the soil environment under different humidity conditions, further improve the authenticity of the environmental simulation, and improve the reliability of the test data.

[0052] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0053] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0055] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0056] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A capillary saturation zone detection test device, characterized in that: The capillary saturation zone detection test device comprises: A geological simulation device (10) comprises a box (11), the box (11) having a water inlet (110), a first vent and a cavity, the water inlet (110) and the first vent are both connected to the cavity, the cavity can hold prefabricated soil, the water inlet (110) is used to inject water into the prefabricated soil, the first vent is used to supply air into the prefabricated soil to simulate the prefabricated soil characteristics of the capillary saturated zone and surrounding rock formations, the top of the prefabricated soil has a detection hole (111), the detection hole (111) extends in a vertical direction; A detection device (20) comprises a detection box (21), a detection electrode (22) and a power source (23); the detection box (21) has a receiving cavity; the detection electrode (22) and the power source (23) are both arranged in the receiving cavity; the power source (23) is electrically connected to the detection electrode (22); part of the detection electrode (22) is located in the detection hole (111); and the detection electrode (22) is capable of detecting the resistivity of the prefabricated soil.

2. The capillary saturation zone detection test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity comprises a water inlet chamber (112), a test chamber (113) and a drainage chamber (114) which are arranged in sequence in a horizontal direction; the water inlet chamber (112), the test chamber (113) and the drainage chamber (114) are connected in sequence; the test chamber (113) is used to place the prefabricated soil; the water inlet (110) is connected to the water inlet chamber (112); a water outlet is provided on a side of the water inlet chamber (112) close to the test chamber (113); the water outlet is connected to the test chamber (113); and a first one-way valve is provided at the water outlet; A drain port is provided on a side of the drainage chamber (114) close to the test chamber (113), the drain port is communicated with the drainage chamber (114), a second one-way valve is provided at the drain port, and a drain port is provided on a side of the drainage chamber (114) away from the test chamber (113), the drain port is used to discharge water in the drainage chamber (114).

3. The capillary saturation zone detection test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device (20) further comprises a cable (24) and a winding assembly (25), wherein the cable (24) and the winding assembly (25) are both arranged in the accommodating cavity, one end of the cable (24) is electrically connected to the detection electrode (22), and the other end of the cable (24) is wound around the winding assembly (25), and the winding assembly (25) is used to reel in or unwind the cable (24), and the cable (24) has scale lines, and the scale lines can measure the reeled and unwound length of the cable (24) so ​​as to measure the height of the capillary saturation zone of the prefabricated soil.

4. The capillary saturation zone detection test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device (20) further comprises a driving member and a display (26), wherein the driving member and the display (26) are both arranged in the accommodating cavity, the driving member is drivingly connected to the detection electrode (22), and the driving member can drive the detection electrode (22) to move in the detection hole (111) to detect the resistivity of the prefabricated soil, and the display (26) is electrically connected to the detection electrode (22), and the display (26) is used to receive and display the detection data of the detection electrode (22).

5. The capillary saturation zone detection test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection device (20) further comprises an adjustment component, which is arranged at the opening of the detection hole (111), and the adjustment component is capable of adjusting the position of the detection electrode (22) in the detection hole (111).

6. The capillary saturation zone detection test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjustment component comprises: A support seat is inserted into the prefabricated soil near the opening of the detection hole (111); A driving wheel and a driven wheel are arranged on the support seat in sequence along the vertical direction, the driven wheel is close to the opening of the detection hole (111), one end of the cable (24) passes through the driving wheel and the driven wheel in sequence and then enters the detection hole (111), the driving wheel is drivingly connected to the cable (24) to drive the cable (24) to move up and down in the detection hole (111), and the cable (24) drives the driven wheel to rotate relative to the support seat; The motor is arranged on the support base, the motor is drivingly connected to the driving wheel, and the motor is used to drive the driving wheel to rotate relative to the support base.

7. The capillary saturation zone detection test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The geological simulation device (10) further comprises an air duct, the air duct is arranged in the test chamber (113), the two ends of the air duct are respectively provided with the first vent and the second vent, a fan is arranged in the air duct, the first vent is located above the prefabricated soil, the second vent is located at the bottom of the prefabricated soil, and the fan can drive the air above the prefabricated soil and the air in the prefabricated soil to circulate with each other.

8. The capillary saturation zone detection test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The geological simulation device (10) further comprises a first heating element, a first cooling element and a first thermometer, wherein the first heating element, the first cooling element and the first thermometer are all located in the test cavity (113), the first heating element and the first cooling element are respectively located at the first vent to heat or cool the air at the first vent, and the first thermometer is located above the prefabricated soil and is used to measure the temperature of the air in the test cavity (113).

9. The capillary saturation zone detection test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The geological simulation device (10) further comprises a second heating element, a second cooling element and a second thermometer, wherein the second heating element, the second cooling element and the second thermometer are all arranged at the bottom of the water inlet chamber (112), the second heating element is used to heat the water body in the water inlet chamber (112), the second cooling element is used to cool the water body, and the second thermometer is used to measure the temperature of the water body.

10. The capillary saturation zone detection test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The geological simulation device (10) further comprises a humidifier and a hygrometer, wherein the humidifier and the hygrometer are both arranged in the test chamber (113) and located above the prefabricated soil, the humidifier is used to adjust the humidity of the air in the test chamber (113), and the hygrometer is used to detect the humidity of the air in the test chamber (113).

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