Low-temperature service life prolonging equipment of near-water-source energy storage power station

Abstract

The invention relates to low-temperature life prolonging equipment of a near-water-source energy storage power station, which is used for prolonging the service life of an onshore energy storage power station or an offshore energy storage power station in a random complex scene. The equipment is communicated with a low-temperature water body in an external natural cold source through a pipeline, the external natural cold source is used for direct cooling, heat dissipation consumption can be reduced, the service life of the equipment is prolonged, and meanwhile a large amount of cost is saved. Compared with the prior art, the accumulative service life of the battery module is remarkably prolonged by designing a low-temperature environment, the battery capacity fluctuation and the long-term maintenance cost are reduced, higher economical efficiency and reliability are achieved, and the method is particularly suitable for new energy storage scenes such as wind power and solar energy; compared with the prior art, although the seabed energy storage power station can also utilize an external natural cold source, the scheme has obvious economic advantages on this point due to the special sealing requirements, environmental requirements, technical difficulty and extremely high cost of the seabed energy storage power station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field related to life prediction of rechargeable batteries, and more specifically, relates to a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station. Background Art

[0002] Lithium batteries have become the core of modern energy storage solutions and are widely used in electric vehicles, portable electronic devices and other fields. However, the performance of lithium batteries is significantly affected by environmental factors, especially temperature. Low temperature is widely regarded as the main negative factor affecting battery performance, and a large number of studies have explored the phenomenon of lithium battery capacity reduction and efficiency reduction in low temperature environments.

[0003] Existing research generally believes that low temperature environments inhibit the electrochemical reactions of lithium batteries, reduce the rate of ion migration, and lead to a decrease in battery capacity. Low temperature not only increases the internal resistance of the battery, but also causes the viscosity of the electrolyte to increase, further affecting ion conduction and ultimately reducing the discharge efficiency of the battery. Studies have shown that the capacity loss of lithium batteries in environments below 0°C can reach 15% to 30%, and at lower temperatures, the loss may be as high as 40% to 60%. These phenomena are generally considered to be inevitable, forcing many battery management systems to use insulation materials, heating devices or preheating technologies to mitigate the negative effects of low temperatures.

[0004] In order to deal with this problem, many research and engineering solutions are focused on avoiding low temperature environments through insulation, heating or preheating. For example, the domestic solution to the low temperature problem of electric vehicle power batteries is mainly external heating, but this heating system has high energy consumption, long time, low efficiency and poor effect. Recently, in order to avoid the negative impact of low temperature environment on batteries, the team of Academician Sun Fengchun of Beijing Institute of Technology has developed a technology for internal heating of the battery body. A layer of metal nickel platinum sheet is added to the existing lithium battery. After connecting the power supply, the battery can be quickly heated.

[0005] However, this inherent cognition ignores the positive impact of low temperature environment on battery life. However, we found that low temperature environment not only does not shorten the battery life, but helps to delay the battery aging process and significantly extend the battery life. When lithium batteries operate in low temperature environments, their internal chemical reaction rates and aging rates will slow down, so their cumulative service life will increase significantly. This discovery is extremely innovative and opens up a new field of extending battery life in low temperature environments. This discovery is not only a theoretical breakthrough, but also opens up new directions for practical applications.

[0006] Based on this discovery, we proposed a new design concept for energy storage power stations: actively utilizing the life extension effects of low temperature environments, rather than just passively avoiding the negative effects of low temperature. Although traditional temperature control methods, such as heating devices, insulation materials, and preheating technologies, can effectively avoid the negative effects of low temperature on battery performance, these methods are essentially to "avoid" the generation of low temperature environments and keep the battery within an ideal temperature range. Our innovative solution does the opposite, actively embracing low temperature environments, utilizing the life extension effects that low temperature environments can bring, and significantly extending the cumulative service life of the battery.

[0007] Our innovative discovery overturns the general public's common perception of lithium batteries operating at low temperatures: avoid operating lithium batteries in low temperature environments.

[0008] More importantly, since we have found that low temperatures can significantly slow down the battery aging process, thereby extending the overall service life of the battery. Therefore, our solution proposes a new application perspective, that is, to use low temperature environments as a favorable condition for optimizing battery service life, especially in long-term, large-scale energy storage applications. By utilizing these natural low-temperature environments, such as submarine energy storage stations and underground energy storage stations, we can not only reduce the energy consumption of cooling and temperature control systems, but also significantly extend the service life of batteries and reduce the problem of battery degradation caused by high temperatures. This innovative solution not only effectively reduces the operating cost of energy storage systems by fully utilizing the potential of low temperatures, but also improves the safety and reliability of the system and reduces the risk of thermal runaway caused by high temperatures. Summary of the invention

[0009] In the field of energy storage, traditional energy storage power stations often rely on artificial cooling systems to keep the temperature of the equipment stable to ensure the efficient operation of the battery system. However, this cooling method often leads to higher energy consumption and additional operating costs. In contrast, this case proposes an innovative solution that significantly reduces heat dissipation consumption and extends the service life of the energy storage power station by directly or indirectly utilizing the low temperature environment in an external natural cold source.

[0010] This solution is not only highly technologically innovative, but also has significant advantages in cost-effectiveness. Compared with traditional submarine energy storage power station solutions, the technical architecture of this case can effectively reduce the cost and the demand for pressure-resistant equipment through a unique pipeline introduction method, thus bringing a more economical solution.

[0011] In general, our research proposes a new low-temperature management solution for lithium batteries, which not only breaks through the traditional understanding of the negative effects of low temperature, but also opens up new areas for extending battery life in low-temperature environments. Compared with traditional temperature control strategies, our innovative solution not only solves the problem of capacity decline caused by low temperature, but also actively utilizes low-temperature environments to extend the service life of batteries, thereby providing a more economical, safe and sustainable solution for large-scale energy storage systems. This discovery not only has important academic value, but also has broad practical application prospects, especially in extreme environments such as submarine energy storage stations and underground energy storage stations. The use of external natural cold sources will become the key to optimizing future energy systems. Through this innovative solution, we hope to lead a new direction in battery management in low-temperature environments and promote technological progress and application innovation in the field of energy storage.

[0012] Traditional energy storage power stations usually regulate battery temperature through built-in cooling systems. Batteries are prone to overheating under high load conditions, especially in high temperature environments, which affects battery performance and life. Therefore, the cooling system often consumes a lot of energy to maintain the appropriate operating temperature of the battery. This energy consumption not only increases the operating cost of the energy storage power station, but also accelerates the aging of the battery and cooling system, reducing the long-term reliability of the system.

[0013] Although submarine energy storage power stations also try to use external natural cold sources for cooling, their operation is relatively complex and costly. Submarine energy storage power stations place equipment directly in seawater and use the low temperature of seawater to achieve cooling. Due to the high pressure of seawater, this requires the equipment to have a strong pressure resistance and a specially designed pressure-resistant shell to ensure that the equipment can operate safely in a deep-sea environment. This design not only increases the complexity of the equipment, but also leads to high manufacturing and maintenance costs, which greatly restricts the economic feasibility of submarine energy storage power stations.

[0014] This case uses an innovative technical architecture and pipeline introduction to utilize the external natural cold source environment. The core advantage of this solution is that it can introduce cooling medium from a low-temperature environment and transport the coolant to the energy storage system through pipelines, thereby achieving the effect of lowering the battery temperature. The biggest advantage of this design is that the energy storage power station itself does not need to be placed in a low-temperature environment, but can be placed on land. In this way, the system does not need to design an additional pressure-resistant shell that can withstand seawater pressure, which significantly reduces the complexity and cost of equipment manufacturing.

[0015] In addition, since the energy storage equipment does not need to be placed on the seabed, the implementation of this solution also greatly simplifies the maintenance and modification of the equipment. Traditional submarine energy storage power stations often face the maintenance challenge of equipment being in a high-pressure environment for a long time, and once the equipment needs to be upgraded or replaced, complex submarine operations must be carried out. The solution in this case can be easily connected to the cold source through pipelines, and the existing equipment can be modified, which reduces the difficulty of maintenance and improves the flexibility and adaptability of the system.

[0016] Compared with submarine energy storage power stations, this solution significantly reduces construction costs. Submarine energy storage power stations need to withstand the huge pressure of seawater, so the manufacturing cost of equipment and pressure-resistant materials is very high. In order to ensure that the equipment can operate safely for a long time, special structures need to be designed to prevent corrosion, leakage and other problems, further increasing maintenance and operation costs. In addition, the technical level required for the construction and operation of submarine energy storage power stations is also high, resulting in high overall construction costs.

[0017] In contrast, the pipeline introduction scheme in this case can transport the cooling medium through equipment on land, avoiding the pressure of the high-pressure environment on the equipment under the sea. Through reasonable pipeline design and coolant selection, the cold source in the external low-temperature environment can be effectively introduced into the system, and low-temperature cooling can be achieved. Due to the separate design of the cooling system and the energy storage equipment body, the production and maintenance costs of the equipment are significantly reduced. The method of introducing cooling medium through pipelines not only reduces the demand for pressure-resistant equipment, but also can flexibly adjust the scale of the cooling system, further reducing the initial construction and long-term operating costs of the system.

[0018] Another outstanding advantage of this solution is its good environmental adaptability. In different geographical environments, low-temperature environments are widely distributed and relatively stable, and suitable low-temperature sources can be selected for cooling in a larger range. In contrast, submarine energy storage power stations can only rely on specific marine areas and are restricted by the marine environment. This means that this solution has a wider scope of application, can be implemented in more areas, and has higher sustainability.

[0019] In addition, since low temperature environment helps to delay the aging process of batteries, this solution can further improve the long-term economic benefits of energy storage power stations. By extending the service life of batteries, not only can the frequency of equipment replacement be reduced, but also the performance degradation caused by battery degradation can be reduced, thereby reducing the maintenance and replacement costs of the system.

[0020] This solution can be connected to the external low-temperature environment through pipelines, and the energy storage power station itself does not need to be directly exposed to the low-temperature environment. This makes it easier to combine and transform existing equipment. For example, the existing energy storage power station can be cooled by external natural cold sources through simple technical transformation without the need to rebuild submarine facilities, reducing the overall technical difficulty and economic burden.

[0021] The energy storage power station cooling solution proposed in this case, which uses pipelines to introduce external natural cold sources, has significant innovation and cost advantages compared to traditional energy storage power stations and submarine energy storage power stations. By placing the energy storage power station body on land instead of directly on the seabed, the impact of seawater pressure on the equipment is avoided, the cost is greatly reduced, and existing equipment can be easily modified and maintained. At the same time, this solution is not only cost-effective, but also can extend the service life of the battery and improve the long-term reliability and economy of the energy storage power station. Therefore, this solution has important practical significance in terms of cost saving, efficiency improvement and sustainable development, and is expected to have a far-reaching impact on the field of energy storage.

[0022] In view of this, the present invention discloses a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station, comprising: Energy storage cabinet module, battery module, heat flow pipe, external natural cooling source; The energy storage cabinet module includes a plurality of battery modules; the battery module is responsible for storing and releasing electric energy and is the basic unit and core part of the energy storage cabinet module; The heat flow pipe is arranged in a zigzag manner between the battery modules; A coolant circulates inside the heat flow pipe, and the coolant can exchange heat with the battery module; The external natural cold source includes sea water, lake water, river water, river water, well water, groundwater, and spring water. Such low-temperature water bodies have a wide range of sources and relatively stable temperatures. The battery module adopts a passive heat dissipation design, which can exchange heat with an external natural cold source using a heat flow pipe as a medium.

[0023] It should be noted that the heat exchange discussed here is bidirectional; if the battery module temperature is higher, heat will be transferred from the battery module to the coolant; or if the coolant temperature is higher, heat will be transferred from the coolant to the battery module. The subsequent mention of "heat exchange" also has the same meaning.

[0024] The focus of this solution is to use external natural cold sources (such as low-temperature water bodies such as sea water, lake water, and river water) to provide passive heat dissipation for battery modules, thereby extending the service life of the battery. The energy storage cabinet module contains multiple battery modules, each of which is responsible for storing and releasing electrical energy and is the core unit in the energy storage system. Through the tortuous arrangement of the heat flow pipe, the coolant circulates in it and exchanges heat with the battery modules, thereby effectively reducing the operating temperature of the battery and preventing aging and performance degradation caused by overheating of the battery. The coolant in the heat flow pipe takes away the heat generated by the battery through heat exchange with the battery module, and transfers the heat to the external natural cold source. The external natural cold source provides a stable low-temperature environment, further improving the cooling efficiency.

[0025] Core advantage 1: The use of passive heat dissipation technology avoids over-reliance on active cooling equipment driven by electricity, reducing the complexity and maintenance costs of the system. Core advantage 2: By introducing external natural cold sources into the energy storage power station cooling system, the service life of the battery module is significantly extended. Core advantage 3: This solution does not require the energy storage power station equipment to be placed on the seabed, thereby avoiding the huge pressure of seawater and the need for pressure-resistant equipment, and reducing the complexity and cost of equipment manufacturing. Core advantage 4: The energy storage power station can be combined with the existing system through simple technical transformation, and flexibly utilize the external low-temperature environment for cooling, reducing the cost and technical difficulty of new facilities. Core advantage 5: The application scenarios are not limited to the seabed. Suitable cold sources can be selected in different geographical environments. There are more low-temperature environments available, such as seawater, lake water, river water, etc., with strong adaptability and a wide range of application scenarios.

[0026] Optionally, the coolant exchanges heat with the battery module using the wall of the heat flow pipe as a medium.

[0027] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet module is equipped with an electrical control and monitoring system, which is intended to achieve efficient storage, release and management of electrical energy.

[0028] Optionally, a heat exchanger is provided at the end of the heat flow pipe.

[0029] Optionally, the heat exchanger at the end of the heat flow pipe can be directly placed in an external natural cooling source, and the heat flow pipe exchanges heat with the external natural cooling source using the heat exchanger as a medium. It should be noted that the heat exchange discussed here can be bidirectional.

[0030] Optionally, the battery module exists in the form of a single battery, or is assembled from a plurality of battery monomers in series or in parallel, or is reasonably combined from a plurality of battery cells or battery packs to form a larger-scale battery cluster.

[0031] This solution effectively transfers the heat generated by the battery module to an external natural cold source, such as seawater, lake water and other low-temperature water bodies, by setting a heat exchanger at the end of the heat flow pipe. This not only improves the heat exchange efficiency, but also avoids the consumption of additional energy. The heat exchanger is in direct contact with the natural cold source and can dissipate heat quickly, ensuring that the battery works in a low-temperature environment and significantly extending its service life. This passive heat dissipation method reduces the complexity and operating costs of the system and is particularly suitable for large-scale energy storage systems. In addition, the scalable design of the battery module allows the system to be flexibly adjusted according to demand to adapt to energy storage projects of different sizes. This innovative cooling and thermal management method can improve the overall stability and reliability of the battery system, especially in long-term, high-load usage scenarios, and has great economic and environmental significance.

[0032] Optionally, the low-temperature life extension equipment further includes an internal and external heat exchange device; Optionally, the internal and external heat exchange device as a whole serves as a medium for heat exchange, and can realize heat exchange between the heat flow pipeline and the external natural cooling source; it should be noted that the heat exchange discussed here can be bidirectional.

[0033] Optionally, a cold flow pipe is provided in the internal and external heat exchange device.

[0034] Optionally, a cold flow pipe is provided in the internal and external heat exchange device, and an external natural cold source can flow directly therein (the cold flow pipe here may be open).

[0035] Optionally, the cold flow pipe and the hot flow pipe share the same heat exchanger, and the cold flow pipe exchanges heat with the hot flow pipe using the heat exchanger as a medium. It should be noted that the heat exchange discussed here can be bidirectional.

[0036] Although the cold flow pipe and the hot flow pipe exchange heat in the same heat exchanger, the media flowing through them (coolant and external natural cooling source) have no direct physical contact. Heat is transferred through the wall of the heat exchanger or other separation media, which ensures the isolation between the two fluids and prevents them from mixing.

[0037] The advantage and significance of this solution lies in the realization of efficient and safe heat exchange through ingenious structural design. The cold flow pipe and the hot flow pipe share the same heat exchanger, and the separation medium of the heat exchanger is used to achieve two-way heat transfer, but the physical isolation of the two media is maintained. This design effectively avoids the possible mixing risk of coolant and external natural cold source, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the system. At the same time, the open design of the cold flow pipe allows the external natural cold source to flow directly, further improving the heat exchange efficiency, especially under conditions with large temperature differences. In addition, the characteristics of two-way heat exchange enhance the adaptability of the system under different environmental conditions. It can be used for both cooling and heating, which provides a guarantee for the stable operation of energy storage power stations under various climatic conditions. This efficient, flexible and safe thermal management system can significantly extend the service life of equipment and reduce maintenance costs, and is of great significance in energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0038] Optionally, a filter is provided on the cold flow pipe in the internal and external heat exchange device to remove debris or suspended particles in the cold flow pipe.

[0039] Optionally, the structural arrangement of the internal and external heat exchange device also includes that the cold flow pipeline is closed and has a heat exchange fluid circulating flow.

[0040] Optionally, the structural setting of the internal and external heat exchange device also includes a heat exchanger; specifically, the cold flow pipe and the hot flow pipe share the same heat exchanger, and the cold flow pipe uses this heat exchanger as a medium to exchange heat with the hot flow pipe; another heat exchanger is also provided on the cold flow pipe and is directly placed in an external natural cold source, and the cold flow pipe exchanges heat with the external natural cold source through this heat exchanger; it should be noted that the heat exchange discussed here can be bidirectional.

[0041] Optionally, the structural setting of the internal and external heat exchange device also includes a heat exchanger; specifically, two heat exchangers are arranged on the cold flow pipe; the first heat exchanger on the cold flow pipe is directly placed in the external natural cold source, and the cold flow pipe exchanges heat with the external natural cold source through this heat exchanger; the other heat exchanger on the cold flow pipe is connected to the heat exchanger on the hot flow pipe, and the cold flow pipe exchanges heat with the hot flow pipe through the two connected heat exchangers; it should be noted that the heat exchange discussed here can be bidirectional.

[0042] This solution achieves efficient multi-level heat transfer and system isolation through innovative heat exchanger layout and closed cold flow pipe configuration. The cold flow pipe and the hot flow pipe share the heat exchanger to achieve heat exchange in the form of a medium, effectively avoiding direct contact between different media and ensuring system safety and stability. At the same time, by additionally setting a heat exchanger on the cold flow pipe and placing it directly into an external natural cold source, a two-stage heat exchange path is constructed: the first stage is to exchange heat with the natural cold source through the cold flow pipe, and the second stage is to achieve deep heat transfer through the cold flow pipe and the hot flow pipe. The closed cold flow pipe design combined with the circulating heat exchange fluid further improves the temperature control accuracy and heat transfer efficiency of the system.

[0043] Optionally, the coolant is pure water, an organic medium, or a low-temperature water body in an external natural cold source; the heat exchange fluid is pure water, an organic medium, or a low-temperature water body in an external natural cold source. Its innovation lies in that the system uses different types of coolants and heat exchange fluids (such as pure water, an organic medium, or a low-temperature water body in an external natural cold source), providing flexible options for heat exchange.

[0044] Optionally, any of the heat exchangers can be in distributed contact with other heat exchangers in a plurality of individuals to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0045] Optionally, any of the heat exchangers can be in distributed contact with the low-temperature water body in a plurality of individuals to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0046] Optionally, a small heat exchanger is provided between the heat flow pipe and the battery module to enhance heat exchange between the heat flow pipe and the battery module.

[0047] Optionally, the types of the heat exchanger or small heat exchanger include: shell and tube heat exchanger, plate heat exchanger, fin heat exchanger, shell and tube heat exchanger, gas heat exchanger, condenser, evaporator, spiral plate heat exchanger, plate-fin heat exchanger, microchannel heat exchanger, heat pipe heat exchanger, shell and tube heat exchanger, rotary heat exchanger, double tube sheet heat exchanger, phase change heat exchanger.

[0048] Optionally, the shell and tube heat exchanger transfers heat through the tube wall by introducing the hot fluid and the cold fluid into the tube side and the shell side respectively. The advantages are high temperature and high pressure resistance, strong structure and easy maintenance; the plate heat exchanger uses the thin layer fluid channel between the corrugated plates to exchange heat, with high heat transfer efficiency and compact structure; the fin heat exchanger increases the heat transfer area by adding fins to the surface of the pipe, significantly improving the heat transfer efficiency on the air or gas side; the shell and tube heat exchanger exchanges heat through the fluid in the coaxial inner and outer tubes, with a simple structure and low manufacturing cost; the gas heat exchanger is designed for high-temperature gas and is transferred through the pipe or plates to exchange heat between gas and other media; the condenser releases latent heat by cooling steam and condensing it into liquid, and has high condensation efficiency; the evaporator achieves cooling or heating through liquid absorption and evaporation, and has high heat transfer efficiency; the spiral plate heat exchanger uses the turbulence effect in the spiral channel to achieve efficient heat exchange, and is particularly suitable for processing viscous fluids or liquids containing suspended matter; the plate-fin heat exchanger uses plates and fins in a laminated structure to achieve heat exchange, and is light, compact and has high heat transfer efficiency; the microchannel heat exchanger increases the surface area and heat transfer coefficient through miniaturized channel design, High heat exchange efficiency; heat pipe heat exchangers release heat to the condensing end after the working fluid absorbs heat at the evaporation end and vaporizes, with strong heat transfer capacity and rapid response; as a form of shell and tube heat exchanger, the shell and tube heat exchanger has a compact structure and is suitable for large flow conditions; the rotary heat exchanger realizes alternating heat transfer between fluids through the rotation of the rotor and is suitable for continuous operation; the double tube sheet heat exchanger isolates different media through double tube sheets to prevent leakage and improve safety; the phase change heat exchanger is a type of equipment that uses the absorption or release of latent heat by substances during phase change to exchange heat, usually used for large temperature changes or Scenarios requiring efficient heat exchange; common phase change heat exchangers include phase change condensers, phase change evaporators and phase change reboilers; phase change condensers cool steam to condense it into liquid, releasing latent heat in the process, and have the ability to cool efficiently; phase change evaporators absorb heat from liquid and evaporate it into gas, absorbing latent heat, which is used in refrigeration or heating processes and has high heat transfer efficiency; phase change reboilers heat liquid to evaporate it into gas; these heat exchangers effectively improve the utilization rate of thermal energy through latent heat transfer in the phase change process, and are particularly suitable for large-scale energy conversion and cooling systems.

[0049] This solution demonstrates innovation in the layout and structure of the heat exchanger, aiming to improve the heat exchange efficiency and optimize the heat dissipation performance of the battery module through distributed contact. Multiple individual heat exchangers are in distributed contact with other heat exchangers or low-temperature water bodies, which can greatly increase the overall heat exchange area, thereby accelerating the heat transfer process and avoiding local overheating problems. This distributed design can distribute heat more evenly, reduce the phenomenon of uneven cold and heat, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency and stability of the system. In order to further enhance the heat exchange effect, one or more small heat exchangers are set between the heat flow pipe and the battery, which helps to achieve faster heat exchange and improve the cooling response speed of the battery, especially under high load or fast charging and discharging. It can effectively control the battery temperature and prevent performance degradation or safety problems caused by overheating. The diversity of heat exchanger types is also a highlight of this design, covering a variety of structures such as shell and tube, plate, fin, etc. The most suitable type of heat exchanger can be selected according to specific application requirements, so as to achieve more efficient and flexible heat exchange. Different types of heat exchangers provide a wider range of application scenarios to meet the cooling needs in different working environments, further enhancing the adaptability and customizability of the system.

[0050] Optionally, the types of single cell batteries include lithium-based batteries, lithium-ion batteries, lithium sulfide batteries, sodium-based accumulators, sodium-ion batteries, aluminum-based energy storage devices, aluminum-ion energy storage units, metal-based batteries, graphene-based batteries, sulfur-based batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, lead-acid batteries, all-solid-state power supplies, solid-liquid composite energy storage systems, metal ion batteries, air redox batteries, cylindrical batteries, square batteries, soft-pack batteries, polymer batteries, power energy storage units, halide batteries, silicon-based energy storage devices, supercapacitors, hybrid energy storage systems, smart battery systems, renewable energy storage equipment, flow batteries, hybrid capacitors, graphene supercapacitors, modular energy storage devices for distributed energy systems, and other recyclable electrical energy storage devices.

[0051] This solution further lists design options for multiple battery types and heat exchanger types, aiming to provide diverse solutions for thermal management of battery systems. First of all, the types of batteries range from traditional lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries to new lithium-based, sodium-based, aluminum-based batteries and other high-tech batteries (such as graphene-based, sulfur-based batteries, etc.). This diverse battery selection can meet different energy storage needs, environmental conditions and application scenarios. Different types of batteries have different performance characteristics, such as high energy density, long cycle life and good safety, enabling the system to provide the best energy solution under different power requirements and working environments.

[0052] Optionally, the cold flow pipeline and / or the hot flow pipeline are deployed in a multi-channel manner and connected to multiple heat exchangers or small heat exchangers to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0053] Optionally, the small heat exchanger is in distributed contact with the battery module in a plurality of individuals to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0054] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet modules are arranged in a modular manner, allowing the number of energy storage cabinets to be increased or decreased as needed, thereby flexibly expanding the energy storage capacity.

[0055] This solution provides a solution to improve thermal management efficiency and energy storage capacity through multi-channel layout and modular design. First, the use of multi-channel cold flow pipes and / or hot flow pipes and connecting them with multiple heat exchangers or small heat exchangers can effectively enhance the efficiency of heat exchange. This design method can achieve more efficient heat conduction and heat dissipation, especially suitable for high-power, high-density battery systems. Under the distributed contact between multiple small heat exchangers and battery modules, it can ensure that the temperature of each battery cell or battery pack is more evenly controlled, reduce local overheating, and thus improve the stability and safety of the entire system. Secondly, the modular layout of the energy storage cabinet module provides the system with higher flexibility and scalability. According to actual needs, users can increase or decrease the number of energy storage cabinets, which enables the system to adjust according to changes in energy storage needs, optimize space utilization and cost-effectiveness, and improve the scalability and adaptability of the energy storage system. Overall, these designs not only improve thermal management efficiency, but also provide important technical guarantees for the flexible configuration and expansion of energy storage systems.

[0056] Optionally, the external natural cold source also includes underground cavities, underground mines, geothermal heat exchange layers, glaciers, permafrost, forest surface cover, high mountain cold air resources, desert night radiation cooling resources, and caves, wind tunnels or air flow channels formed by natural terrain. These natural cold sources can be selectively used according to the geographical conditions and climatic characteristics of the energy storage power station. Through reasonable heat exchange design and energy management system, the cooling efficiency of the energy storage power station can be further improved to achieve the goals of extending the life of equipment and saving energy and reducing consumption in low-temperature environments; in this case, low-temperature water bodies can also include, on the basis of further extension: low-temperature gas, low-temperature gas-liquid mixture, low-temperature liquid fluid (such as liquid nitrogen, liquefied air, etc.), low-temperature solid-liquid mixture, low-temperature solid medium (such as ice, snow layer), and other low-temperature media with cooling effect. These low-temperature media can exchange heat with energy storage equipment through conduction, convection, radiation, etc.

[0057] The advantage of this design is that by introducing a variety of natural cold sources and low-temperature media, it is possible to select the cooling solution that best suits the area where the energy storage power station is located according to local conditions, improve the flexibility and adaptability of the system, and use a variety of heat exchange methods such as conduction, convection, and radiation to effectively enhance the cooling effect, reduce thermal stress and temperature fluctuations during equipment operation, and extend the service life of key equipment. At the same time, it reduces dependence on high-energy artificial refrigeration systems, thereby achieving the goal of energy saving and consumption reduction; in addition, this method makes full use of natural resources and is more coordinated with the ecological environment, which not only reduces construction and operation costs, but also improves the reliability and sustainability of energy storage power stations under extreme climatic conditions, providing a strong guarantee for the optimization of overall system performance.

[0058] Optionally, the heat flow pipe is made of corrosion-resistant material and can be suitable for heat exchange fluids of various compositions.

[0059] Optionally, the cold flow pipeline is made of corrosion-resistant material and can be suitable for coolants of various compositions.

[0060] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet module is made of corrosion-resistant materials and can be suitable for marine, high-salt or corrosive environments.

[0061] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet module is arranged near an external natural cold source to facilitate heat dissipation by utilizing the external natural cold source.

[0062] Optionally, a wastewater treatment module is also included to treat the wastewater generated when low-temperature water is used for cooling, so as to prevent pollution or abnormal temperature from affecting the ecosystem.

[0063] Optionally, the coolant in the heat flow pipe dissipates heat through a natural flow process without the need for additional energy input.

[0064] Optionally, the heat exchange fluid in the cold flow pipeline dissipates heat through a natural flow process without the need for additional energy input.

[0065] This solution proposes an adaptability improvement for special environments. It uses corrosion-resistant materials to manufacture energy storage cabinet modules, so that the equipment can operate in the ocean or high-salt environment for a long time, further expanding the scope of application. At the same time, the energy storage cabinet module is arranged near the external natural cold source. By directly using the low-temperature water in the external natural cold source for heat dissipation, it not only improves the heat dissipation efficiency, but also reduces the energy input demand and achieves the energy-saving goal. In addition, the added wastewater treatment module effectively treats the heat dissipation drainage to prevent the cooling process from causing pollution or abnormal temperature effects on the natural ecosystem, reflecting the sustainable development concept of system design.

[0066] Optionally, the heat flow pipe is provided with a temperature sensor and / or a small pump, which can be used to adjust the flow rate of the coolant.

[0067] Optionally, the cold flow pipeline is provided with a temperature sensor and / or a small pump, which can be used to adjust the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid.

[0068] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet module is also provided with a real-time temperature control system to dynamically adjust the flow rate or flow of the coolant to maintain the actual temperature of the battery module at the life extension temperature value T.

[0069] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet module is also provided with a real-time temperature control system to dynamically adjust the flow rate or flow of the heat exchange fluid to assist in maintaining the actual temperature of the battery module at the life extension temperature value T.

[0070] Optionally, the real-time temperature control system can also monitor the temperature of the coolant, the heat exchange liquid, the temperature of each battery module, the temperature of each heat exchanger, and the temperature difference between these temperatures, so as to adjust the temperature based on this.

[0071] This solution adds temperature sensors and real-time temperature control systems to provide a more intelligent means for temperature control management of battery modules. The system monitors the temperature of the coolant, heat exchange fluid, and the surface and inside of the battery module in real time, and dynamically adjusts the flow rate or flow of the coolant and heat exchange fluid to ensure that the battery module always operates within the optimal life extension temperature range. The temperature control system can also accurately control the temperature difference change, optimize the heat distribution, improve the response speed and reliability of the entire heat dissipation system, and provide efficient guarantee for the long-term stable operation of the battery module. For example, when the temperature of the battery module exceeds a certain temperature, the flow rate of the coolant is increased to strengthen the heat exchange between the battery module and the coolant; or when the temperature of the coolant exceeds a certain temperature, the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid is increased to strengthen the heat exchange between the coolant and the heat exchange fluid; or when the temperature difference between the battery module and the coolant exceeds a certain temperature, the flow rate of the coolant is increased to strengthen the heat exchange between the battery module and the coolant. Alternatively, when it is detected that the temperature of a battery module inside the energy storage system is too high, the system can also automatically increase the coolant flow rate at the corresponding position to reduce heat accumulation and keep the battery in the best working condition. The system can also automatically reduce or completely stop the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid, or switch to heating mode by monitoring the ambient temperature to cope with a sudden drop in external temperature.

[0072] Optionally, the life extension temperature value T refers to a temperature value. By controlling the operating temperature of the battery module near the life extension temperature value T, the cumulative service life of the battery module can be effectively extended; the steps for determining the life extension temperature value T are as follows: first, according to the typical usage scenarios of the target battery, select a temperature below the optimal operating temperature generally recognized in the industry as the life extension temperature value T; secondly, based on the use environment of the target battery, determine the expected temperature variation range, and use the temperature below the average value of this range as the life extension temperature value T.

[0073] Optionally, if according to the needs of actual application, there is no need to strictly ensure that the surface or internal temperature of the battery module is always maintained at the life extension temperature value T and remains constant, the flow rate or flow of the heat exchange liquid or coolant can be adjusted through the real-time temperature control system to keep the surface or internal temperature of the battery module within the temperature range T_range near the life extension temperature value T.

[0074] This solution clarifies the definition of the life extension temperature value T and its control method. By combining scientific calculations with actual application needs, a value below the optimal operating temperature is selected as the life extension temperature value, thereby effectively extending the cumulative service life of the battery. At the same time, the real-time temperature control system can flexibly adjust the temperature to the life extension temperature value T or its nearby temperature range T_range, so that the equipment can achieve precise temperature control according to needs in actual applications. This temperature management mechanism significantly improves the performance and life of the energy storage system, while improving the applicability of the system in different industries.

[0075] Optionally, depending on the battery size, type, model and parameters, the specific value range of the life extension temperature value T is any integer temperature between -50℃ and 50℃, or selected within the range of ±0.25℃, ±0.5℃, ±1℃ of any integer temperature between -50℃ and 50℃.

[0076] Optionally, temperature control measures are used to adjust the surface / internal temperature of the battery to a specific temperature range T_range, and the upper and lower limits of the range can be selected from one of the following values: 50℃, 45℃, 40℃, 35℃, 30℃, 25℃, 22.5℃, 20℃, 17.5℃, 15℃, 12.5℃, 10℃, 7.5℃, 5℃, 2.5℃, 0℃, -2.5℃, -5℃, -7.5℃, -10℃, -12.5℃, -15℃.

[0077] Optionally, the specific setting of T_range is based on a fixed temperature size. Specifically, the temperature range is set to ±0.001℃, ±0.002℃, ±0.004℃, ±0.008℃, ±0.016℃, ±0.032℃, ±0.064℃, ±0.128℃, ±0.256℃, ±0.512℃, ±1℃, ±2℃, ±4℃, ±8℃, ±16℃, ±32℃, ±64℃, ±128℃, ±256℃, and ±512℃ of the life extension temperature value T.

[0078] Optionally, the specific setting of T_range is based on percentage. Specifically, the temperature range is set to ±0.001%, ±0.002%, ±0.004%, ±0.008%, ±0.016%, ±0.032%, ±0.064%, ±0.128%, ±0.256%, ±0.512%, ±1%, ±2%, ±4%, ±8%, ±16%, ±32%, ±64%, ±128%, ±256%, and ±512% of the life extension temperature T.

[0079] This solution further optimizes the definition of the life extension temperature value and its range. For battery modules of different types and specifications, users are allowed to adjust the temperature control range according to actual needs, ranging from -50°C to 50°C and its refined upper and lower floating ranges. In addition, users can choose a fixed range or a percentage-based temperature control solution. This flexible control method greatly enhances the adaptability of the device, enabling it to meet the needs of refined temperature control in different usage scenarios.

[0080] Optionally, when the water quality is poor or the cooling effect is weakened, alternative measures are taken to ensure that the battery module is maintained at the life extension temperature T.

[0081] Also included are optional technical additions: a heat pump system; a heat pump system is used as an internal and external heat exchange device to assist in heat dissipation, and is activated only when cooling demand is high, to prevent the battery module from overheating and causing thermal runaway, thus avoiding the problem of continuous high energy consumption in traditional designs; the heat pump system includes an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor and an expansion valve, and the evaporator is connected to the internal and external heat exchange devices to improve the cooling efficiency when the coolant flow is insufficient or the cooling effect is poor.

[0082] Optionally, the heat pump system automatically starts running by monitoring the temperature of the battery module or the temperature of each heat exchanger, and enhances the effect of the cooling system when the temperature difference exceeds a set predetermined threshold.

[0083] Optionally, the heat pump system includes an evaporator and a heat pump pipeline, wherein the evaporator is disposed on the heat pump pipeline, the evaporator is connected to a heat exchanger on the heat flow pipeline, and a refrigerant circulates in the heat pump pipeline. When the coolant in the heat flow pipeline flows through the heat exchanger, the coolant is cooled by the refrigerant in the evaporator, and the refrigerant circulates in the heat pump pipeline to dissipate heat.

[0084] Optionally, a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator are sequentially connected to the heat pump pipeline along the circulation direction. The evaporator is located between the expansion valve and the compressor. The condenser utilizes the stable low-temperature substance in the external natural cold source to realize the condensation process, and exchanges the heat of the refrigerant to the external natural cold source.

[0085] Optionally, the refrigerant is pure water or an organic medium.

[0086] Optionally, a small pump is provided on the heat pump pipeline to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant.

[0087] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet module is also provided with a real-time temperature control system, which can monitor the temperature of the battery module and dynamically adjust the flow rate or flow of the refrigerant to maintain the surface or internal temperature of the battery module at the life extension temperature value T.

[0088] Optionally, if according to the needs of actual application, there is no need to strictly ensure that the surface or internal temperature of the battery module is always maintained at the life extension temperature value T and remains constant, the flow rate or flow of the refrigerant can be adjusted through the real-time temperature control system to keep the surface or internal temperature of the battery module within the temperature range T_range near the life extension temperature value T.

[0089] This solution introduces a heat pump system as an auxiliary heat dissipation technology, which can effectively supplement the heat dissipation capacity, especially in the case of extremely high temperatures or weakened cooling effects. The heat pump system achieves low-energy and high-efficiency heat dissipation through the synergy of core components such as evaporators, compressors, and condensers. The system can also dynamically monitor the temperature difference of battery modules or heat exchangers, and automatically start when the temperature difference exceeds the set value to ensure that the heat dissipation effect reaches the optimal state. At the same time, the intelligent design of the heat pump further enhances the efficiency and reliability of the equipment and ensures stable operation under various environmental conditions. These innovative designs have comprehensively improved the technical level of the equipment and provided solid support for the long-term operation of large-scale energy storage power stations.

[0090] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0091] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0092] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0093] Figure 2 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0094] Figure 3 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0095] Figure 4 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0096] Figure 5 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0097] Figure 6 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0098] Figure 7 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0099] Figure 8 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0100] Fig. 9 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0101] Energy storage cabinet module 102, battery module 103, heat flow pipe 104, external natural cold source 501, heat exchanger 301, heat exchanger 301A, heat exchanger 301B, internal and external heat exchange device 202, cold flow pipe 111, filter 203, heat pump pipe 400, evaporator 401, expansion valve 402, condenser 403, compressor 404, frame structure 805, electrical control and monitoring system 803, power line 801, distributed deployment first part of energy storage cabinet module 102 (1), distributed deployment second part of energy storage cabinet module 102 (2), distributed deployment third part of energy storage cabinet module 102 (3). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0102] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is illustrative only and is in no way intended to limit the present disclosure and its application or use. The present disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to make the present disclosure thorough and complete and to fully express the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the composition of the materials, and the numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as being merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0103] All terms (including technical terms or scientific terms) used in the present disclosure have the same meanings as those understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries, such as general dictionaries, should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or extremely formal sense, unless explicitly defined herein.

[0104] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered as part of the specification.

[0105] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0106] The following will describe the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0107] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and thus the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0108] In the following description, a large number of details are discussed to provide a more thorough explanation of the embodiments of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in the form of block diagrams rather than in detail to avoid making the embodiments of the present invention difficult to understand. The present disclosure provides a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station, which can solve the widely existing working condition variation phenomenon and random charging and discharging phenomenon in the actual application of rechargeable batteries, improve the accuracy of life prediction of rechargeable batteries in practice, and has extremely high application prospects.

[0109] Figure 1 An exemplary embodiment of the present application shows a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station, comprising: Energy storage cabinet module 102 , battery module 103 , heat flow pipe 104 , external natural cooling source 501 .

[0110] The energy storage cabinet module 102 includes a plurality of battery modules 103 ; the battery module 103 is responsible for storing and releasing electric energy and is a basic unit and core part of the energy storage cabinet module 102 .

[0111] The heat flow pipe 104 is arranged in a zigzag manner between the battery modules 103 .

[0112] Cooling liquid circulates inside the heat flow pipe 104 , and the cooling liquid can exchange heat with the battery module 103 .

[0113] The external natural cold source 501 includes sea water, lake water, river water, well water, groundwater, and spring water. Such low-temperature water bodies have a wide range of sources and relatively stable temperatures.

[0114] The battery module 103 adopts a passive heat dissipation design and can exchange heat with an external natural cold source 501 using the heat flow pipe 104 as a medium.

[0115] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet module 102 is equipped with an electrical control and monitoring system, which is intended to achieve efficient storage, release and management of electrical energy.

[0116] A heat exchanger 301 is disposed at the end of the heat flow pipe 104 .

[0117] The heat exchanger 301 at the end of the heat flow pipe 104 can be directly placed in the external natural cooling source 501 , and the heat flow pipe 104 exchanges heat with the external natural cooling source 501 using the heat exchanger 301 as a medium.

[0118] The coolant exchanges heat with the battery module 103 using the wall of the heat flow pipe 104 as a medium.

[0119] The battery module 103 exists in the form of a single battery, or is assembled from a plurality of battery monomers in series or in parallel, or is reasonably combined from a plurality of battery units or battery packs to form a larger-scale battery cluster.

[0120] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet module 102 is arranged near an external natural cold source 501 to facilitate heat dissipation by utilizing the external natural cold source 501 .

[0121] It should be noted that the low-temperature life extension equipment of the near-water energy storage power station can be deployed on land, such as by the lake, river, coastline, etc.; it can also be deployed at sea, such as building a floating platform at sea to install battery energy storage equipment, directly applying it on an offshore oil drilling platform, directly applying it on an offshore wind power platform, or directly applying it on a large battery-driven ship. Such deployment is essentially to facilitate the use of external natural cold sources 501 such as seawater, lake water, river water, well water, groundwater, spring water, etc.

[0122] Figure 2 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0123] The end of the heat flow pipe 104 is open, and the external natural cold source 501 can flow directly therein to exchange heat with the battery module 103 through the heat flow pipe 104 .

[0124] Optionally, a filter 203 is provided on the heat flow pipe 104 to remove debris or suspended particles in the heat flow pipe 104 .

[0125] Figure 3 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0126] Optionally, the low-temperature life extension equipment further includes an internal and external heat exchange device 202; the internal and external heat exchange device 202 and the components therein can be replaced by a simple disassembly and assembly method.

[0127] Optionally, the internal and external heat exchange device 202 as a whole serves as a heat exchange medium, and can realize heat exchange between the heat flow pipe 104 and the external natural cold source 501 .

[0128] Optionally, a cold flow pipe 111 is provided in the internal and external heat exchange device 202 , and the cold flow pipe 111 is used to assist heat exchange between the hot flow pipe 104 and the external natural cold source 501 .

[0129] Optionally, the cold flow pipe 111 in the internal and external heat exchange device 202 is open, and the external natural cold source 501 can flow directly therein.

[0130] The cold flow pipe 111 and the hot flow pipe 104 share the same heat exchanger 301 , and the cold flow pipe 111 exchanges heat with the hot flow pipe 104 using the heat exchanger 301 as a medium.

[0131] Optionally, the cooling liquid may be pure water, an organic medium, or a low-temperature water body in an external natural cooling source 501 ; the heat exchange liquid may be pure water, an organic medium, or a low-temperature water body in an external natural cooling source 501 .

[0132] Optionally, a filter 203 is provided on the cold flow pipe 111 in the internal and external heat exchange device 202 to remove debris or suspended particles in the cold flow pipe 111 .

[0133] Figure 4 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0134] Optionally, the structural setting of the internal and external heat exchange device 202 also includes a heat exchanger 301A; the heat exchanger 301A in the internal and external heat exchange device 202 is in direct contact with the heat exchanger 301X in the hot flow pipe 104, and the cold flow pipe uses the two heat exchangers 301A and 301X as media to exchange heat with the hot flow pipe 104.

[0135] Figure 5 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0136] Optionally, the structural setting of the internal and external heat exchange device 202 also includes that the cold flow pipe 111 therein is closed and has a heat exchange liquid circulating; the cold flow pipe 111 and the hot flow pipe 104 share the same heat exchanger 301, and the cold flow pipe 111 uses this heat exchanger 301 as a medium to exchange heat with the hot flow pipe 104; another heat exchanger 301B is also arranged on the cold flow pipe 111 and is directly placed in the external natural cold source 501, and the cold flow pipe 111 exchanges heat with the external natural cold source 501 through this heat exchanger 301B.

[0137] Figure 6 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0138] Optionally, the structural setting of the internal and external heat exchange device 202 also includes that the cold flow pipe 111 therein is closed and has a heat exchange liquid circulating; two heat exchangers 301A and 301B are arranged on the cold flow pipe 111; the first heat exchanger 301B on the cold flow pipe 111 is directly placed in the external natural cold source 501, and the cold flow pipe 111 exchanges heat with the external natural cold source 501 through this heat exchanger 301B; another heat exchanger 301A on the cold flow pipe 111 is connected to the heat exchanger 301X on the hot flow pipe 104, and the cold flow pipe 111 exchanges heat with the hot flow pipe 104 through the two connected heat exchangers 301A and 301X.

[0139] The use of 301X, 301A and 301B here is only to distinguish different heat exchangers, and does not mean that there are clear structural differences between them. The meaning of heat exchanger 301 applies to them all.

[0140] Optionally, any of the heat exchangers 301 (including 301X, 301A, 301B, etc.) can be in distributed contact with other heat exchangers 301 (including 301X, 301A, 301B, etc.) in a plurality of individuals to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0141] Optionally, any of the heat exchangers 301 (including 301X, 301A, 301B, etc.) can be in distributed contact with the low-temperature water body in a plurality of individuals to improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0142] Optionally, a small heat exchanger is provided between the heat flow pipe 104 and the battery module 103 to enhance heat exchange between the heat flow pipe 104 and the battery module 103 .

[0143] Optionally, the types of the heat exchanger 301 or small heat exchanger include: shell and tube heat exchanger, plate heat exchanger, fin heat exchanger, shell and tube heat exchanger, gas heat exchanger, condenser, evaporator, spiral plate heat exchanger, plate-fin heat exchanger, microchannel heat exchanger, heat pipe heat exchanger, shell and tube heat exchanger, rotary heat exchanger, double tube sheet heat exchanger, phase change heat exchanger.

[0144] Optionally, the cold flow pipeline 111 and / or the hot flow pipeline 104 are deployed in a multi-channel manner and connected to multiple heat exchangers 301 or small heat exchangers to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0145] Optionally, the small heat exchanger is in distributed contact with the battery module 103 in a plurality of individuals to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0146] Figure 7 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0147] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet module 102 is arranged in a modular manner, allowing the number of energy storage cabinets to be increased or decreased as needed, thereby flexibly expanding the energy storage capacity.

[0148] That is, the energy storage cabinet module 102 (1), the energy storage cabinet module 102 (2), and the energy storage cabinet module 102 (3) are interconnected, so that the low-temperature life extension equipment can also be flexibly modified according to the situation. In the figure, the energy storage cabinet module 102 (1), the energy storage cabinet module 102 (2), and the energy storage cabinet module 102 (3) are interconnected through the heat flow pipe 104, and then flow through the heat exchanger 301 to exchange heat with the external natural cold source 501.

[0149] Optionally, the external natural cold source 501 also includes underground cavities, underground mines, geothermal heat exchange layers, glaciers, permafrost, forest surface cover, high mountain cold air resources, desert night radiation cooling resources, and caves, wind tunnels or air flow channels formed by natural terrain. These natural cold sources can be selectively used according to the geographical conditions and climatic characteristics of the energy storage power station. Through reasonable heat exchange design and energy management system, the cooling efficiency of the energy storage power station can be further improved to achieve the goals of extending the life of equipment and saving energy and reducing consumption in low-temperature environments; in this case, the low-temperature water body can also include, on the basis of further extension, low-temperature gas, low-temperature gas-liquid mixture, low-temperature liquid fluid (such as liquid nitrogen, liquefied air, etc.), low-temperature solid-liquid mixture, low-temperature solid medium (such as ice, snow layer), and other low-temperature medium with cooling effect. These low-temperature media can exchange heat with energy storage equipment through conduction, convection, radiation, etc.

[0150] It should be noted that the low-temperature life extension equipment of the near-water source energy storage power station can be deployed next to a cave, in a cave, or on a plateau, so as to facilitate the use of the aforementioned external natural cold source 501, such as underground cavities, underground mines, geothermal heat exchange layers, glaciers, permafrost, forest surface cover, high mountain cold air resources, and desert nighttime radiation cooling resources.

[0151] Optionally, the heat flow pipe 104 is made of corrosion-resistant material and can be suitable for heat exchange fluids of various compositions.

[0152] Optionally, the cold flow pipe 111 is made of corrosion-resistant material and can be suitable for coolants of various compositions.

[0153] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet module 102 is made of corrosion-resistant materials and can be suitable for use in marine, high-salt or corrosive environments.

[0154] Optionally, a wastewater treatment module is also included, which is used to treat the wastewater generated when low-temperature water is used for cooling, so as to prevent pollution or temperature anomalies from affecting the ecosystem. Optionally, the coolant in the hot flow pipe 104 dissipates heat through a natural flow process without the need for additional energy input. Optionally, the heat exchange fluid in the cold flow pipe 111 dissipates heat through a natural flow process without the need for additional energy input. Optionally, a temperature sensor and / or a small pump is provided on the hot flow pipe 104, which can be used to adjust the flow rate of the coolant. Optionally, a temperature sensor and / or a small pump is provided on the cold flow pipe 111, which can be used to adjust the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid.

[0155] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet module 102 is further provided with a real-time temperature control system to dynamically adjust the flow rate or flow of the coolant to maintain the actual temperature of the battery module 103 at the life extension temperature value T. Optionally, the energy storage cabinet module 102 is further provided with a real-time temperature control system to dynamically adjust the flow rate or flow of the heat exchange liquid to assist in maintaining the actual temperature of the battery module 103 at the life extension temperature value T.

[0156] Optionally, the real-time temperature control system can also monitor the temperature of the coolant, the heat exchange liquid, the temperature of each battery module 103, the temperature of each heat exchanger 301, and the temperature difference between these temperatures, so as to adjust the temperature based on this.

[0157] Optionally, the life extension temperature value T refers to a temperature value. By controlling the operating temperature of the battery module 103 near the life extension temperature value T, the cumulative service life of the battery module 103 can be effectively extended; the steps for determining the life extension temperature value T are as follows: first, according to the typical usage scenario of the target battery, select a temperature below the optimal operating temperature generally recognized in the industry as the life extension temperature value T; secondly, based on the use environment of the target battery, determine the expected temperature variation range, and use the temperature below the average value of this range as the life extension temperature value T.

[0158] There are many types of cumulative service life, including cycle life, calendar life, cumulative discharge life, cumulative charge life, cumulative throughput life, cumulative mileage life, etc.

[0159] Cycle life refers to the number of charge and discharge cycles that a battery undergoes from the beginning of use to complete failure or significant performance degradation. With each charge and discharge, the battery will gradually lose some capacity. The cycle life refers to how many complete charge and discharge cycles (usually expressed as the number of charge and discharge times, or the number of charge and discharge cycles) the battery can withstand without significantly affecting its performance. Calendar life refers to the period of time from the beginning of use of a battery to complete failure or significant performance degradation, usually in years. Even if the battery has not been charged and discharged many times, the capacity and performance of the battery will gradually decline over time due to chemical reactions, environmental factors (such as temperature, humidity, etc.), and storage conditions. In addition to these two common life assessment methods, the battery service life assessment can be further refined according to different application scenarios and usage patterns.

[0160] Cumulative discharge life: refers to the total amount of electricity discharged from the battery from the beginning of use to complete failure or significant performance degradation. It focuses on the total amount of energy actually provided by the battery, not just the number of charge and discharge cycles. The cumulative discharge life can more comprehensively reflect the discharge of the battery under different conditions of use, and is usually used to evaluate the performance degradation of the battery under heavy load use.

[0161] Cumulative charge life: refers to the total amount of electricity charged into the battery from the beginning of use to complete failure or significant performance degradation. It focuses on the total amount of electricity in the battery charging process, not just the number of charging cycles. Similar to the cumulative discharge life, the cumulative charge life helps evaluate the performance loss that the battery may suffer during the charging process.

[0162] Cumulative throughput life: refers to the total charge and discharge volume of the battery from the beginning of use to complete failure or significant performance degradation, that is, the sum of the charge and discharge volume. This indicator comprehensively considers the energy in and out of the battery throughout its entire use cycle and can evaluate the overall efficiency and durability of the battery.

[0163] Cumulative mileage life: For electric vehicles or similar applications, cumulative mileage life refers to the cumulative mileage of the battery from the beginning of use to complete failure or significant performance degradation. This indicator can effectively reflect the durability and performance maintenance of the battery in actual applications, especially under high-intensity cycle use.

[0164] In the battery life assessment mentioned above, it is worth emphasizing the impact of random incomplete charging and discharging. In actual use, batteries often do not undergo a complete cycle every time they are charged and discharged, but are often in a partial charge and discharge state. This random incomplete charging and discharging situation is common in electric vehicles, energy storage systems or mobile devices in daily use. The depth and frequency of charging and discharging are affected by different load requirements and usage habits. Although the standard cycle life is usually defined based on complete charging and discharging, in real applications, the use of batteries is often a combination of partial charge and discharge cycles, so indicators such as cumulative discharge, cumulative charge and cumulative throughput become particularly important in this context. Random incomplete charging and discharging may cause the battery to experience performance degradation at a relatively low number of cycles, especially if the depth of the charging and discharging process is too large or too small. Due to the inconsistent degree and frequency of charging and discharging, these incomplete cycles will have different effects on the battery degradation mode, so the evaluation of battery performance must take into account these actual operating conditions, rather than relying solely on idealized complete charge and discharge cycles. Therefore, under the condition of random incomplete charging and discharging, the cumulative charge amount, cumulative discharge amount, cumulative throughput and other life evaluation indicators can more comprehensively reflect the performance and degradation rate of the battery in the actual use environment.

[0165] Optionally, if according to the needs of actual application, there is no need to strictly ensure that the surface or internal temperature of the battery module is always maintained at the life extension temperature value T and remains constant, the flow rate or flow of the heat exchange liquid or coolant can be adjusted by a real-time temperature control system to keep the surface or internal temperature of the battery module 103 within the temperature range T_range near the life extension temperature value T.

[0166] Optionally, depending on different parameters such as battery size, type, model, etc., the specific value range of the life extension temperature value T is any integer temperature between -50℃ and 50℃, or selected within the range of ±0.25℃, ±0.5℃, ±1℃ of any integer temperature between -50℃ and 50℃.

[0167] Optionally, the temperature control measure can adjust the battery surface / internal temperature to a specific temperature range T_range. Optionally, the specific setting of T_range is based on a fixed temperature size. Optionally, the specific setting of T_range is based on a percentage.

[0168] Optionally, when the water quality is poor or the cooling effect is weakened, alternative measures are taken to ensure that the battery module 103 is maintained at the life extension temperature value T.

[0169] Figure 8 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device of a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention; it shows the collaborative relationship between the various components, including power lines 801, electrical control and monitoring systems 802, container-type frame structures 803, battery modules 103, and cold flow pipes 111.

[0170] Fig. 9 It is another schematic diagram of a low-temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0171] Optionally, optional technical additions are also included: a heat pump system; a heat pump system can be used as an internal and external heat exchange device 202 for auxiliary heat dissipation, and is only started when the cooling demand is high to prevent the battery module temperature from overheating and causing thermal runaway, thereby avoiding the problem of continuous high energy consumption in traditional designs; the heat pump system includes an evaporator 401, a condenser 403, a compressor 404 and an expansion valve 402, and the evaporator 401 is connected to the internal and external heat exchange device 202, and is used to improve the cooling efficiency when the coolant flow is insufficient or the cooling effect is poor.

[0172] Optionally, the heat pump system automatically starts running by monitoring the temperature of the battery module 103 or the temperature of each heat exchanger 301, and enhances the effect of the cooling system when the temperature difference exceeds a set predetermined threshold.

[0173] Optionally, the heat pump system includes an evaporator 401 and a heat pump pipeline 400, wherein the evaporator 401 is disposed on the heat pump pipeline 400, the evaporator 401 is connected to the heat exchanger 301 on the heat flow pipeline 104, and a refrigerant circulates in the heat pump pipeline 400. When the coolant in the heat flow pipeline 104 flows through the heat exchanger 301, it is cooled by the refrigerant in the evaporator 401, and the refrigerant circulates in the heat pump pipeline 400 to dissipate heat.

[0174] Optionally, a compressor 404, a condenser 403, an expansion valve 402 and an evaporator 401 are sequentially connected to the heat pump pipeline 400 along the circulation direction. The evaporator 401 is located between the expansion valve 402 and the compressor 404. The condenser 403 utilizes the stable low-temperature substance in the external natural cold source 501 to realize the condensation process, and exchanges the heat of the refrigerant to the external natural cold source 501.

[0175] Optionally, the refrigerant may be pure water or an organic medium.

[0176] Optionally, a small pump is provided on the heat pump pipeline 400 to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant.

[0177] Optionally, the energy storage cabinet module 102 is also provided with a real-time temperature control system, which can monitor the temperature of the battery module 103 and dynamically adjust the flow rate or flow of the refrigerant to maintain the surface or internal temperature of the battery module 103 at the life extension temperature value T.

[0178] Optionally, if according to the needs of actual application, there is no need to strictly ensure that the surface or internal temperature of the battery module 103 is always maintained at the life extension temperature value T and remains constant, the flow rate or flow of the refrigerant can be adjusted by a real-time temperature control system to keep the surface or internal temperature of the battery module 103 within a temperature range T_range near the life extension temperature value T.

[0179] Example 1 Application of low temperature life extension equipment in a near water source energy storage power station: In this embodiment, a near water energy storage power station is located in a cold northern region and is used for large-scale power storage and regulation. In order to extend the service life of the battery module, the low temperature life extension equipment in this patent is used.

[0180] The near-water energy storage power station contains multiple energy storage cabinet modules, each of which contains multiple battery modules. The battery modules are connected to the cooling system through heat flow pipes. The coolant in the heat flow pipes circulates between the battery modules, effectively removing the heat generated by the battery modules during the discharge process. The heat is released to the external natural cold source - the lake water - through a heat exchanger at the end of the heat flow pipe.

[0181] In winter, the lake water temperature is low, so the coolant in the heat flow pipe exchanges heat with the lake water through the heat exchanger to ensure that the battery module is in a stable low-temperature environment and extend the service life of the battery. The system is also equipped with internal and external heat exchange devices to ensure heat exchange efficiency, and can still effectively cool down even if the water quality or flow rate changes slightly.

[0182] In addition, the real-time temperature control system can automatically adjust the flow rate of the coolant to ensure that the battery module operates near the life extension temperature T, thereby maximizing the service life of the battery module.

[0183] Example 2: A near-water energy storage power station with heat pump assisted heat dissipation: In this example, the near-water energy storage power station is located in an area with extreme climate, with drastic temperature changes and high cooling requirements. In order to ensure stable operation of the battery module under low temperature conditions and further extend the service life of the battery, a heat pump system is used as an auxiliary heat dissipation device.

[0184] In this system, the heat flow pipe exchanges heat with an external natural cold source (such as groundwater) through a heat exchanger. In order to cope with the situation where the temperature of the external natural cold source is too low to meet the cooling demand due to cold weather, the system automatically starts the heat pump system. The heat pump system circulates through a loop consisting of an evaporator, compressor, and condenser to enhance the cooling effect and ensure that the battery module temperature remains within the optimal life extension range.

[0185] Through the real-time monitoring system, the heat pump system can intelligently adjust the coolant flow rate according to the temperature changes of the battery module, thereby ensuring that the system still works efficiently in a cold environment and avoiding the energy waste problem faced by traditional cooling systems.

[0186] Example 3 Low temperature life extension equipment for near-water energy storage power stations in marine environments: This example is applicable to near-water energy storage power stations in marine environments. Due to the special properties and high salinity of seawater, the energy storage power station uses energy storage cabinet modules made of corrosion-resistant materials, and special designs are used to ensure that the equipment can operate stably for a long time.

[0187] The energy storage cabinet modules are arranged in an area close to the coastline, using seawater as an external natural cold source, and heat exchange is performed through the cold flow pipes in the internal and external heat exchange devices and the coolant in the hot flow pipes. The low-temperature water in the cold flow pipe flows into the heat exchanger after being processed by the filter, exchanging heat with the coolant in the hot flow pipe, and finally releasing the heat generated by the battery module into the seawater.

[0188] This solution can fully utilize the low temperature advantage of seawater to achieve efficient heat dissipation without increasing additional energy consumption. The design of internal and external heat exchange devices ensures that seawater will not pollute or corrode the cooling system, thereby extending the service life of the battery module.

[0189] Example 4: Low temperature life extension system of modular near-water energy storage power station: The near-water energy storage power station in this example adopts a modular design, and the number of energy storage cabinet modules can be flexibly increased or decreased according to actual needs, which is convenient for expanding energy storage capacity. Each energy storage cabinet module is equipped with a heat flow pipe and a heat exchange device to ensure that each battery module can be fully cooled.

[0190] The coolant in the heat flow pipe between the battery modules takes away the heat generated by the battery modules through natural flow, and releases the heat to the external natural cooling source through the heat exchanger at the end of the heat flow pipe. Due to the use of multiple small heat exchangers in distributed contact with the battery modules, the heat exchange efficiency has been significantly improved.

[0191] In addition, the system also includes a real-time temperature control system that dynamically adjusts the flow rate of the coolant according to the temperature of the battery module to ensure that the battery module always operates within the temperature range of the life extension temperature value T. This modular design enables the near-water energy storage power station to flexibly respond to cooling needs in different environments and maximize the service life of the battery module.

[0192] Example 5: Low-temperature life extension equipment of a near-water energy storage power station combined with a remote monitoring system: In this embodiment, a near-water energy storage power station is installed in a remote area of ​​a high-cold region, and combined with a remote monitoring system to ensure the efficient operation of the low-temperature life extension equipment. The near-water energy storage power station includes multiple energy storage cabinet modules and matching heat flow pipes. The coolant in the heat flow pipe circulates to take away the heat from the battery module.

[0193] Each energy storage cabinet module is equipped with a temperature sensor and flow rate control device to monitor the temperature of the battery module and the flow rate of the coolant in real time. Through the remote monitoring system, staff can check the operating status, temperature and flow rate data of each battery module at any time and adjust the coolant flow rate or flow rate according to the data.

[0194] When the monitoring system detects that the battery module temperature exceeds the life extension temperature T, it will automatically sound an alarm, and the operator can adjust the temperature control equipment or start the backup cooling plan through the remote control system. This avoids equipment overheating due to human negligence or environmental changes, and increases the service life of the battery module.

[0195] Example 6 Low-temperature life extension equipment for near-water energy storage power stations adapted to extreme climate change: In this example, the near-water energy storage power station is located in an extreme climate area with a large temperature difference, with the temperature difference between day and night reaching tens of degrees Celsius. In order to adapt to this climate change, the low-temperature life extension equipment is equipped with a dual cooling system.

[0196] There are two cooling modes in the energy storage cabinet module: one is a conventional heat flow pipe system, which exchanges heat with an external natural cold source (such as river water) through the coolant in the heat flow pipe; the other is an auxiliary heat pump system. When the temperature of the external cold source is too high or changes drastically, the heat pump system can be automatically activated to provide a stable cooling effect.

[0197] In addition, the system is equipped with multiple temperature control mechanisms, which can select the appropriate cooling method according to different climatic conditions. The temperature sensor monitors the battery module temperature in real time. When the external temperature fluctuates drastically, the system automatically switches to heat pump mode to ensure that the battery module is always maintained within the life extension temperature value T range.

[0198] Example 7: Integrated optimization of low-temperature life extension equipment for large-scale near-water energy storage power stations: In this example, the near-water energy storage power station uses large-scale integrated low-temperature life extension equipment, which is suitable for the needs of urban power grid load regulation. The battery energy storage system adopts a modular design, and multiple energy storage cabinet modules are connected through heat flow pipes and a coolant system for efficient heat exchange.

[0199] To improve the system's operating efficiency, each energy storage cabinet module is equipped with multiple small heat exchangers, which are distributed around the battery module to enhance the efficiency of heat exchange. At the same time, the coolant is diverted through multi-channel pipes so that the heat of each battery module can be fully dissipated to prevent excessive temperature concentration from affecting system stability.

[0200] In addition, the energy storage power station is also equipped with a wastewater treatment module. When the temperature of the coolant is too high or the water quality is poor, the wastewater treatment module will automatically start the purification system to remove debris or suspended particles in the coolant, keep the fluid in the system clean, and ensure heat exchange efficiency.

[0201] Example 8 Comprehensive temperature control system for near-water energy storage power station in low-temperature environment: In this embodiment, the near-water energy storage power station is located in a cold mountainous area, and the battery module needs to operate stably in a low-temperature environment for a long time. To this end, the system adopts an advanced comprehensive temperature control system, which includes a heat flow pipe, an internal and external heat exchange device, a real-time temperature control module and a small pump.

[0202] The system's heat flow pipes circulate coolant to remove heat from the battery module, and the heat exchanger exchanges heat to an external natural cold source, such as mountain stream water or snow water, to ensure that the battery module temperature remains within the optimal operating range. The integrated temperature control system intelligently adjusts the coolant flow rate based on the real-time temperature of the battery module to keep the temperature within the life extension temperature value T range.

[0203] The system is also equipped with a backup heating device. In case of extreme cold conditions, the external natural cold source cannot provide sufficient cooling effect. The heating device will be automatically started to assist in cooling, ensuring that the battery module will not freeze or be damaged due to low temperature.

[0204] Example 9 Low temperature life extension equipment for deep-sea near-water energy storage power station: The near-water energy storage power station in this example is deployed in the deep sea area, far from the coast, so deep water cooling technology is used. The energy storage cabinet module is constructed of corrosion-resistant materials and can adapt to the high pressure and high salt corrosion of the deep-sea environment.

[0205] The hot flow pipe of the battery module directly exchanges heat with seawater, and the heat exchanger is connected to the low-temperature water body in the deep sea through the cold flow pipe. The temperature of deep sea water is relatively stable and can continuously provide a low-temperature environment to help maintain the battery module within the range of the life extension temperature value T. In addition, in order to optimize the heat exchange efficiency, a multi-section heat exchanger is also set in the cold flow pipe to increase the contact area between seawater and heat exchange fluid and improve the heat exchange effect.

[0206] To ensure long-term stable operation of the system, the system is also equipped with a real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment mechanism to monitor changes in seawater temperature and battery module temperature. When the temperature deviates from the set range, it automatically adjusts the coolant flow rate or enables auxiliary equipment for adjustment.

[0207] Example 10: Low-temperature life extension equipment for near-water energy storage power stations that combines convenient maintenance with efficient cooling: In this example, the near-water energy storage power station is located in a sparsely populated area, and equipment maintenance is difficult. To this end, the system adopts a modular design and convenient internal and external heat exchange devices to facilitate regular maintenance and replacement. The coolant system in each energy storage cabinet module can be disassembled, cleaned or replaced separately.

[0208] The internal and external heat exchange devices are designed to be detachable, which makes it easy to clean the pipes and replace damaged parts, avoiding the system's efficiency loss due to dirt accumulation or aging of parts. In addition, the filters in the cold flow pipes can also be replaced regularly to ensure the cleanliness of the coolant and ensure that the system is always in the best operating condition.

[0209] The system is also equipped with a backup heat exchange fluid circulation path. When the main cooling system fails, it can automatically switch to the backup system to ensure that the battery module can maintain the low temperature and life extension effect under any circumstances.

[0210] These examples further demonstrate the optimization and application of low-temperature life extension equipment under different environmental conditions, solving the long-term stability and efficient operation problems of battery energy storage systems in extreme temperature environments, covering a variety of situations from extreme climate to efficient maintenance.

[0211] The low-temperature life extension equipment of the new energy storage power station of the present invention can be equipped with multiple auxiliary devices according to specific application requirements to enhance the adaptability, stability and operating efficiency of the system. These additional systems include temperature and humidity sensor systems, automatic cleaning systems, pressure and flow monitoring systems, intelligent data acquisition and remote monitoring systems, backup battery power supply systems, heat recovery systems, environmental monitoring and alarm systems, anti-icing protection devices, etc. By integrating these systems, the equipment can not only maintain stable operation under various environmental conditions, but also respond promptly when facing complex climate changes, environmental pollution or system failures, ensuring long-term and efficient operation of the equipment and maximizing the life extension of the battery module.

[0212] Auxiliary Example 1 Temperature and humidity sensor system: This system can monitor the temperature and humidity changes inside and outside the energy storage cabinet module in real time to ensure that the equipment still maintains the best operating state in a humid or temperature-fluctuating environment, thereby improving the life and operating efficiency of the battery module.

[0213] Scenario description: The energy storage power station is located in the coastal area with a humid climate and high humidity. In order to ensure that the battery module works normally in this humid environment and avoid adverse effects of humidity on the battery, a temperature and humidity sensor system is designed in the system.

[0214] The key designs of this embodiment include: Sensor arrangement: Temperature and humidity sensors are installed inside and outside the energy storage cabinet module to accurately monitor the working environment of the battery module. Automatic adjustment system: The system automatically adjusts the cooling system according to real-time temperature and humidity data to ensure that the energy storage cabinet module is maintained within the optimal temperature and humidity range to avoid condensation or battery overheating. Data feedback and remote monitoring: All sensor data is transmitted to the central control system and provided to the remote monitoring platform via wireless connection, so that staff can view and manage the operating environment of the battery module at any time.

[0215] The operating effect of this embodiment is to effectively prevent the influence of high humidity environment on the battery module, avoid condensation, ensure stable operation of the battery, provide the best working environment, extend battery life, and improve battery efficiency and the overall operating performance of the system.

[0216] Auxiliary embodiment 2 automatic cleaning system: This system can regularly clean the cooling pipes and heat exchangers to prevent the accumulation of scale and impurities, ensure that the heat exchange efficiency is not affected, extend the service life of the system and reduce maintenance workload.

[0217] Scenario description: The energy storage power station is located near a lake, and the cooling system uses lake water as the cooling medium. Over time, the heat exchanger and pipes may be clogged by algae, sediments and other debris, affecting the cooling effect. Therefore, the system is designed with an automatic cleaning system to ensure the efficient operation of the cooling system.

[0218] The key designs of this embodiment include: cleaning mechanism: the automatic cleaning system consists of a circulating water flow and a brushing device, which uses water flow to regularly flush the heat exchanger and water pipes to remove sediment and debris; intelligent adjustment: the system monitors the water flow rate and cooling efficiency in real time, and automatically starts the cleaning program to ensure that the heat exchanger and pipes are always kept clean; cleaning method: combined with the natural movement of water flow, the heat exchanger and pipes are kept in good working condition through automatic brushing of the inner wall of the pipe and water flushing.

[0219] The operating effect of this embodiment is to maintain efficient operation of the cooling system, avoid reducing heat dissipation efficiency due to dirt accumulation, enhance long-term stability of the system, reduce manual cleaning intervention, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0220] Auxiliary Example 3 Pressure and flow monitoring system: The pressure and flow monitoring system monitors the cooling water flow and pressure in real time. The system can effectively prevent pipeline blockage or water flow abnormality, ensure stable cooling efficiency, and provide continuous and stable temperature control for the battery module.

[0221] Scenario description: The energy storage power station is located in a deep underground well. The cooling water circulates through the water pipes and uses underground water sources for cooling. In order to ensure the stable operation of the cooling system, the system integrates a pressure and flow monitoring system.

[0222] The key designs of this embodiment include: pressure sensor: pressure sensors are installed at key pipeline locations in the cooling system to monitor the pressure changes of the water flow in real time; flow meter: the flow meter monitors the flow of cooling water to ensure that it is within a predetermined range to ensure the cooling effect; intelligent feedback mechanism: when the system detects abnormal pressure or flow, it automatically adjusts the water pump rate or changes the water flow path to optimize the cooling effect.

[0223] The operating effect of this embodiment is: real-time monitoring of the cooling water flow state to ensure stable operation of the cooling system, automatic adjustment of system operation to prevent pipe blockage or water flow obstruction, and ensure that the battery module always maintains a constant temperature.

[0224] Auxiliary Example 4 Intelligent Data Collection and Remote Monitoring System: The intelligent data collection and remote monitoring system can collect equipment operation data in real time and monitor it through a remote platform to ensure that staff can grasp the equipment status in time, warn of potential failures, and perform remote control, thereby improving operation and maintenance efficiency and reducing manual intervention.

[0225] Scenario description: The energy storage power station is located in a remote mountainous area, and the battery modules and cooling systems rely on intelligent control systems. In order to achieve efficient management and timely respond to potential failures, the system is designed with intelligent data acquisition and remote monitoring systems.

[0226] The key designs of this embodiment include: data acquisition module: real-time acquisition of key data such as battery voltage, temperature, cooling water flow rate, etc.; remote monitoring platform: all collected data are uploaded to the cloud platform via wireless communication, and staff can view and adjust the equipment status in real time through the remote platform; fault warning function: when the system operation exceeds the preset parameters, it automatically sends an alarm signal to the control center, and the staff can respond immediately.

[0227] The operation effect of this embodiment is to improve the intelligent level of equipment management, reduce manual intervention, optimize operation and maintenance efficiency, realize real-time fault warning, ensure that the equipment can respond to environmental changes in a timely manner, and reduce downtime.

[0228] Auxiliary Example 5 Backup battery power supply system: The backup battery power supply system provides backup power support in the event of an external power outage, ensuring the continuous operation of the temperature control system, data acquisition system and other key equipment, and avoiding equipment failure or shutdown due to power problems.

[0229] Scenario description: The energy storage power station is deployed on an offshore platform and is in a harsh environment for a long time. In order to ensure that the system can continue to operate when the external power supply is interrupted, a backup battery power supply system is designed for the system.

[0230] The key designs of this embodiment include: backup battery pack: configured with high-performance batteries to provide sufficient power support when the main power is cut off; automatic switching function: when the main power is interrupted, the system automatically switches to the backup battery power supply to ensure the continuous operation of the temperature control system and the data acquisition system; charging management: the backup battery is integrated with the main power system to ensure that the battery is automatically charged during normal operation.

[0231] The operating effect of this embodiment is to ensure that the energy storage power station can continuously monitor and adjust the temperature of the battery module under any circumstances, enhance the risk resistance of the system, and avoid equipment failure due to power outages.

[0232] Auxiliary Example 6 Heat Recovery System: The heat recovery system recovers excess heat from the cooling water. The heat recovery system can effectively transfer heat energy to other areas to meet heating needs, reduce energy consumption, and further improve the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0233] Scenario description: The energy storage power station is deployed in an industrial park, and the cooling system uses an external water source to cool the battery modules. On this basis, the system adds a heat recovery device to recover the waste heat in the cooling water and heat the water or air in other areas.

[0234] The key designs of this embodiment include: heat exchanger: the heat recovery system exchanges the heat in the cooling water to the water or air system that needs to be heated through the heat exchanger; circulation system: effectively transfers heat through the built-in piping system to optimize energy utilization; automatic control: automatically adjusts the heat recovery intensity according to demand to ensure the coordinated work of the cooling system and the heat recovery system.

[0235] The operating effect of this embodiment is to improve energy utilization, reduce external energy consumption, reduce operating costs, and meet the heat energy needs of other areas.

[0236] Auxiliary Example 7 Environmental Monitoring and Alarm System: The environmental monitoring and alarm system monitors external environmental parameters (such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, etc.) in real time, triggers an alarm when the environment is abnormal, and takes automatic adjustment measures, such as activating a heat pump, adjusting the wind speed, etc., to ensure that the energy storage power station is always in a stable and safe operating state.

[0237] Scenario description: The energy storage power station is located in a remote mountainous area and faces extreme weather and environmental changes. The system monitors temperature, humidity, wind speed and other parameters in real time through the environmental monitoring system, and can trigger the alarm system to respond to potential abnormalities.

[0238] The key designs of this embodiment include: environmental sensors: deploying a variety of sensors to monitor external environmental parameters in real time; alarm mechanism: automatically starting the alarm system when external environmental parameters exceed the set range; automatic adjustment function: automatically adjusting the equipment operating status according to the alarm information, such as enabling the heat pump, adjusting the wind speed, etc.

[0239] The operating effect of this embodiment is to improve the system's ability to cope with extreme weather and environmental changes, reduce the impact of external factors on the equipment, ensure the safe and stable operation of the energy storage power station, and prevent system failures.

[0240] Auxiliary Example 8 Anti-icing protection device: In a cold environment, the anti-icing protection device can prevent the cooling pipes and battery modules from freezing due to low temperature through heating equipment, ensuring that the equipment can still operate normally under extreme low temperature conditions.

[0241] Scenario description: Energy storage power stations are deployed in cold northern regions, and cooling pipes and battery modules may be affected by low temperatures and freeze. For this reason, the system is designed with an anti-icing protection device.

[0242] The key designs of this embodiment include: heating device: electric heating devices are installed around the cooling pipes and battery modules to prevent icing; temperature control system: the ambient temperature is monitored in real time through the temperature control system, and the heating device is automatically started once the temperature drops below 0°C; intelligent control: the heating intensity is adjusted according to actual needs to avoid overheating or energy waste.

[0243] The operating effect of this embodiment is to prevent the equipment from freezing due to low temperature environment, ensure the continuous and stable operation of the system, improve the adaptability of the system in cold environment, and ensure the efficient operation of the battery module.

[0244] Auxiliary Example 9 Water Quality Monitoring System: The water quality monitoring system ensures that the cooling water is not polluted or changed during long-term use by real-time detection of parameters such as pH value, conductivity, turbidity, etc., and avoids the impact of scaling, corrosion and other problems on the heat exchanger, battery module and cooling system. The system can automatically adjust the filter operation or start regular cleaning, effectively improving the working efficiency of the cooling system and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0245] Scenario description: The cooling system of the energy storage power station uses natural water sources (such as river water, lake water, etc.) as the cooling medium. After long-term use of these water sources, water pollution problems may occur, such as scaling and corrosion, which will affect the heat exchange efficiency and system operation stability. For this reason, a water quality monitoring system is designed to ensure that the water quality remains within the ideal range.

[0246] The key designs of this embodiment include: water quality sensor: installing a variety of water quality sensors (such as pH value, temperature, conductivity, turbidity, etc.) to monitor the water quality of cooling water in real time; water quality data feedback: water quality data is fed back to the central control system in real time, and the system automatically adjusts the operation of the filter or starts the water quality cleaning function according to the real-time data; automatic adjustment: the system automatically adjusts the filtration and water quality improvement measures according to the test results to ensure that the water quality meets the operating requirements.

[0247] The operating effect of this embodiment is to avoid system scaling, corrosion and other problems caused by water quality fluctuations, ensure the normal operation of the heat exchange system, improve cooling efficiency, extend the service life of the cooling system and equipment, and reduce the damage of water quality to equipment.

[0248] Auxiliary Example 10 Automatic Drainage System: The automatic drainage system monitors the water level changes in the energy storage cabinet module in real time to ensure timely drainage when water accumulates or the water quality is abnormal, thereby avoiding system failure or performance degradation caused by cooling water retention. The system is linked with the water quality monitoring system and automatically switches to the backup water source when the water quality does not meet the requirements, ensuring that the system is always in the best operating state, reducing maintenance workload and improving equipment reliability.

[0249] Scenario description: When energy storage power stations use natural water sources as cooling media, they are easily affected by seasonal water level changes, especially during rainfall, when water may accumulate in the energy storage cabinet module, affecting equipment operation. For this reason, the system is designed with an automatic drainage system.

[0250] The key designs of this embodiment include: water level sensor: a water level sensor is installed in the energy storage cabinet module to monitor water level changes in real time; automatic drain valve: the system automatically controls the drain valve to drain the accumulated water based on the feedback from the water level sensor to ensure that cooling water will not be retained in the energy storage cabinet module; linkage with the water quality monitoring system: when the water quality detection is abnormal, the system will automatically drain the unqualified water source and switch to the backup water source.

[0251] The operating effect of this embodiment is to prevent water from being retained in the energy storage cabinet module, reduce the risk of failure and performance degradation, automatically drain water and switch water sources, reduce manual maintenance, and ensure long-term stable operation of the system.

[0252] Auxiliary Example 11 Wind-assisted cooling system: The wind-assisted cooling system installs a wind turbine or fan outside the energy storage cabinet module, using wind to accelerate the evaporation of cooling water or air flow, helping to improve cooling efficiency. Especially when the external temperature is high, the system can effectively reduce the burden on the cooling system, improve the heat dissipation effect, and automatically adjust the operation of the wind power equipment through the intelligent control system to ensure maximum energy utilization.

[0253] Scenario description: In high temperature environments, the energy storage power station has a large cooling demand. The wind-assisted cooling system uses wind energy to accelerate the evaporation of cooling water or air cooling, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the system, especially providing additional cooling support when the heat pump system is not started.

[0254] The key designs of this embodiment include: wind turbine: installing a wind turbine or fan outside the energy storage cabinet module to increase air flow and assist in improving the cooling effect; intelligent control system: the wind power equipment is connected to the cooling system, and the operating speed of the fan or turbine is automatically adjusted through the intelligent control system to ensure optimized use according to environmental requirements; airflow guidance: designing an effective airflow guiding device to ensure that the wind power equipment can maximize the cooling effect and reduce the evaporation burden of cooling water.

[0255] The operating effect of this embodiment is to reduce the burden on the cooling system, especially in a high temperature environment, improve the heat dissipation efficiency, improve the energy saving effect of the system, avoid excessive reliance on water sources for cooling, and reduce the consumption of low-temperature water.

[0256] Auxiliary Example 12 Energy Efficiency Monitoring and Optimization System: The energy efficiency monitoring and optimization system monitors the energy consumption of the energy storage power station in real time. By installing temperature, power and current sensors, the system can analyze and automatically adjust the working status of the cooling system, optimize the operating efficiency, and ensure that the system provides the best cooling effect at the lowest energy consumption. The system not only helps reduce energy consumption, but also improves the economy and sustainability of the system, supporting green environmental protection goals.

[0257] Scenario description: The cooling system of an energy storage power station usually consumes a lot of energy. In order to reduce operating costs and improve the energy efficiency of the system, the system is designed with an energy efficiency monitoring and optimization system to ensure that the working efficiency of the cooling system is always in the best state.

[0258] The key designs of this embodiment include: energy efficiency monitoring module: the system is equipped with current, power, temperature and other sensors to monitor the energy consumption of the cooling system in real time; intelligent optimization algorithm: according to the status of the battery module and environmental conditions, the operating parameters of the cooling system (such as water pump flow rate, cooling temperature, etc.) are automatically optimized to achieve the best cooling effect with the lowest energy consumption; energy management platform: the energy efficiency data is displayed through the cloud platform, and the staff can view and adjust the system energy efficiency in real time to ensure the most optimized operating state.

[0259] The operating effect of this embodiment is to reduce the energy consumption of the cooling system and improve the economy of the system. Through intelligent optimization, the service life of the equipment is further extended, while supporting the sustainable development goals.

[0260] Auxiliary Example 13 Automatic Cleaning and Maintenance System: The automatic cleaning and maintenance system can regularly clean the cooling pipes, heat exchangers and filtration systems to prevent the accumulation of scale, impurities and algae, and ensure the long-term and efficient operation of the cooling system. Through intelligent monitoring, the system will automatically start the cleaning program as needed, reduce manual intervention, extend the service life of the equipment, and ensure that the system is kept in optimal condition without frequent maintenance.

[0261] Scenario description: As time goes by, impurities, sediments, algae, etc. in the cooling water may affect the working efficiency of the cooling system. In order to maintain the long-term efficient operation of the cooling system, an automatic cleaning and maintenance system is designed to reduce manual intervention and downtime.

[0262] The key designs of this embodiment include: automatic cleaning device: regularly clean cooling pipes, heat exchangers, filters and other components through pipe cleaning equipment, brushing devices, etc.; intelligent monitoring: the system monitors the operating status of the equipment, and automatically starts the cleaning program when scale accumulation or efficiency reduction occurs; maintenance reminder: remind staff to check the system status regularly through the remote platform to ensure that the system is in the best working condition.

[0263] The operating effect of this embodiment is to avoid the cooling effect caused by the deposition of impurities in the water or the growth of algae, reduce the system downtime, extend the service life of the cooling system and equipment, and reduce the labor maintenance cost.

[0264] In actual applications, the low-temperature life extension equipment for the near-water source energy storage power station provided in the above embodiment can distribute the above functions to different functional modules as needed, that is, divide the internal structure of the device into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above, and this is not limited here.

[0265] The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0266] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

[0267] It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A low temperature life extension device for a near-water source energy storage power station, characterized in that: include: Energy storage cabinet module, battery module, heat flow pipe, external natural cooling source; The energy storage cabinet module includes a plurality of battery modules; The battery module is responsible for storing and releasing electrical energy and is the basic unit and core part of the energy storage cabinet module; The heat flow pipe is arranged in a zigzag manner between the battery modules; A coolant circulates inside the heat flow pipe, and the coolant can exchange heat with the battery module; The battery module adopts a passive heat dissipation design, which can exchange heat with an external natural cold source using a heat flow pipe as a medium; The external natural cold sources include sea water, lake water, river water, well water, groundwater, and spring water. These low-temperature water bodies have a wide range of sources and relatively stable temperatures.

2. The low-temperature life extension equipment for a near-water source energy storage power station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A heat exchanger is provided at the end of the heat flow pipeline; The heat exchanger at the end of the heat flow pipe can be directly placed in an external natural cooling source, and the heat flow pipe uses the heat exchanger as a medium to exchange heat with the external natural cooling source; The coolant uses the wall of the heat flow pipe as a medium to exchange heat with the battery module; The battery module exists in the form of a single battery, or is assembled from a plurality of battery monomers in series or in parallel, or is reasonably combined from a plurality of battery units or battery packs to form a larger-scale battery cluster.

3. The low-temperature life extension equipment of a near-water source energy storage power station according to claim 2 is characterized in that: It also includes internal and external heat exchange devices; The internal and external heat exchange device as a whole acts as a medium for heat exchange, and can realize heat exchange between the heat flow pipe and the external natural cold source; The internal and external heat exchange device is provided with a cold flow pipeline, in which the external natural cold source can flow directly; The cold flow pipeline and the hot flow pipeline share the same heat exchanger, and the cold flow pipeline uses the heat exchanger as a medium to exchange heat with the hot flow pipeline; A filter is provided on the cold flow pipe in the internal and external heat exchange device to remove debris or suspended particles in the cold flow pipe.

4. The low-temperature life extension equipment for a near-water source energy storage power station according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The structural arrangement of the internal and external heat exchange device also includes that the cold flow pipeline is closed and has a heat exchange fluid circulating flow; The structural arrangement of the internal and external heat exchange device also includes a heat exchanger; specifically, the cold flow pipe and the hot flow pipe share the same heat exchanger, and the cold flow pipe uses the heat exchanger as a medium to exchange heat with the hot flow pipe; another heat exchanger is also arranged on the cold flow pipe and is directly placed in an external natural cold source, and the cold flow pipe exchanges heat with the external natural cold source through the heat exchanger; The structural arrangement of the internal and external heat exchange device also includes a heat exchanger; specifically, two heat exchangers are arranged on the cold flow pipeline; the first heat exchanger on the cold flow pipeline is directly placed in the external natural cold source, and the cold flow pipeline exchanges heat with the external natural cold source through the heat exchanger; the other heat exchanger on the cold flow pipeline is connected to the heat exchanger on the hot flow pipeline, and the cold flow pipeline exchanges heat with the hot flow pipeline through the two connected heat exchangers; The cooling liquid is pure water, an organic medium or a low-temperature water body in an external natural cold source; the heat exchange liquid is pure water, an organic medium or a low-temperature water body in an external natural cold source.

5. The low-temperature life extension equipment of a near-water source energy storage power station according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Any of the heat exchangers can be in distributed contact with other heat exchangers in a plurality of individuals to improve the heat exchange efficiency; The arbitrary heat exchanger can be in distributed contact with the low-temperature water body in a plurality of individuals to improve the heat exchange efficiency; A small heat exchanger is provided between the heat flow pipe and the battery module to enhance heat exchange between the heat flow pipe and the battery module; The small heat exchanger is in distributed contact with the battery module in a plurality of individuals to improve the heat exchange efficiency; The cold flow pipeline and / or the hot flow pipeline are deployed in a multi-channel manner and connected to multiple heat exchangers or small heat exchangers to improve the heat exchange efficiency; The energy storage cabinet modules are arranged in a modular manner, allowing the number of energy storage cabinets to be increased or decreased as needed, thereby flexibly expanding the energy storage capacity.

6. The low-temperature life extension equipment for a near-water source energy storage power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat flow pipe is made of corrosion-resistant materials and can be applied to heat exchange fluids of various compositions; The cold flow pipeline is made of corrosion-resistant materials and can be applied to coolants of various compositions; The energy storage cabinet module is made of corrosion-resistant materials and can be used in marine, high-salt or corrosive environments; The energy storage cabinet module is arranged near an external natural cold source, so as to facilitate heat dissipation by using the external natural cold source; The coolant in the heat flow pipe achieves heat dissipation through a natural flow process without the need for additional energy input; The heat exchange fluid in the cold flow pipeline dissipates heat through a natural flow process without the need for additional energy input.

7. The low-temperature life extension equipment for a near-water source energy storage power station according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The types of heat exchangers or small heat exchangers include: shell and tube heat exchangers, plate heat exchangers, fin heat exchangers, shell and tube heat exchangers, gas heat exchangers, condensers, evaporators, spiral plate heat exchangers, plate-fin heat exchangers, microchannel heat exchangers, heat pipe heat exchangers, shell and tube heat exchangers, rotary heat exchangers, double tube sheet heat exchangers, and phase change heat exchangers; The external natural cold sources also include underground cavities, underground mines, geothermal heat exchange layers, glaciers, permafrost, forest surface cover, high mountain cold air resources, desert nighttime radiation cooling resources, and caves, wind tunnels or air flow channels formed by natural terrain; It also includes a wastewater treatment module, which is used to treat the wastewater generated when low-temperature water is used for cooling, so as to prevent pollution or abnormal temperature from affecting the ecosystem.

8. The low-temperature life extension equipment for a near-water source energy storage power station according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat flow pipe is provided with a temperature sensor and / or a small pump, which can be used to adjust the flow rate of the coolant; The cold flow pipeline is provided with a temperature sensor and / or a small pump, which can be used to adjust the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid; The energy storage cabinet module is also provided with a real-time temperature control system to dynamically adjust the flow rate or flow of the coolant to maintain the actual temperature of the battery module at the life extension temperature value T; The energy storage cabinet module is also provided with a real-time temperature control system to dynamically adjust the flow rate or flow of the heat exchange fluid to assist in maintaining the actual temperature of the battery module at the life extension temperature value T; The real-time temperature control system can also monitor the temperature of the coolant, heat exchange fluid, the temperature of each battery module, each heat exchanger, and the temperature difference between these temperatures, and adjust the temperature based on this.

9. The low-temperature life extension equipment for a near-water source energy storage power station according to claim 8, characterized in that: The life extension temperature value T refers to a temperature value. By controlling the operating temperature of the battery module near the life extension temperature value T, the cumulative service life of the battery module can be effectively extended. The steps for determining the life extension temperature value T are as follows: first, according to the typical use scenario of the target battery, a temperature below the best working temperature generally recognized in the industry is selected as the life extension temperature value T; second, based on the use environment of the target battery, the expected temperature variation range is determined, and the temperature below the average value of this range is used as the life extension temperature value T; If, according to the requirements of actual applications, it is not necessary to strictly ensure that the surface or internal temperature of the battery module is always maintained at the life extension temperature value T and remains constant, the flow rate or flow of the heat exchange fluid or coolant can be adjusted through the real-time temperature control system to keep the surface or internal temperature of the battery module within the temperature range T_range near the life extension temperature value T; According to the different battery sizes, types, models, and parameters, the specific value range of the life extension temperature value T is any integer temperature between -50°C and 50°C, or is selected within the range of ±0.25°C, ±0.5°C, and ±1°C of any integer temperature between -50°C and 50°C; The temperature control measures are used to adjust the surface / internal temperature of the battery to a specific temperature range T_range. The upper and lower limits of the range can be selected from the following values: 50℃, 45℃, 40℃, 35℃, 30℃, 25℃, 22.5℃, 20℃, 17.5℃, 15℃, 12.5℃, 10℃, 7.5℃, 5℃, 2.5℃, 0℃, -2.5℃, -5℃, -7.5℃, -10℃, -12.5℃, -15℃; The specific setting of T_range is based on the fixed temperature size. Specifically, the temperature range is set to ±0.001℃, ±0.002℃, ±0.004℃, ±0.008℃, ±0.016℃, ±0.032℃, ±0.064℃, ±0.128℃, ±0.256℃, ±0.512℃, ±1℃, ±2℃, ±4℃, ±8℃, ±16℃, ±32℃, ±64℃, ±128℃, ±256℃, ±512℃ of the life extension temperature value T; The specific setting of T_range is based on percentage. Specifically, the temperature range is set to ±0.001%, ±0.002%, ±0.004%, ±0.008%, ±0.016%, ±0.032%, ±0.064%, ±0.128%, ±0.256%, ±0.512%, ±1%, ±2%, ±4%, ±8%, ±16%, ±32%, ±64%, ±128%, ±256%, and ±512% of the life extension temperature value T.

10. The low-temperature life extension equipment of a near-water source energy storage power station according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the water quality is poor or the cooling effect is weakened, alternative measures are taken to ensure that the battery module is maintained at the life extension temperature value T; Also included are optional technical additions: a heat pump system; a heat pump system is used as an internal and external heat exchange device for auxiliary heat dissipation, and is only activated when the cooling demand is high to prevent the battery module temperature from overheating and causing thermal runaway, thereby avoiding the problem of continuous high energy consumption in traditional designs; the heat pump system includes an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor and an expansion valve, and the evaporator is connected to the internal and external heat exchange device to improve the cooling efficiency when the coolant flow is insufficient or the cooling effect is poor; The heat pump system automatically starts running by monitoring the temperature of the battery module or the temperature of each heat exchanger, and enhances the effect of the cooling system when the temperature difference exceeds a set predetermined threshold; The heat pump system comprises an evaporator and a heat pump pipeline, wherein the evaporator is arranged on the heat pump pipeline, the evaporator is connected to a heat exchanger on the heat flow pipeline, and a refrigerant circulates in the heat pump pipeline; the coolant in the heat flow pipeline is cooled by the refrigerant in the evaporator when flowing through the heat exchanger, and the refrigerant circulates in the heat pump pipeline to dissipate heat; The heat pump pipeline is connected with a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator in sequence along the circulation direction. The evaporator is located between the expansion valve and the compressor. The condenser uses the stable low-temperature substance in the external natural cold source to realize the condensation process and exchange the heat of the refrigerant to the external natural cold source. The refrigerant is pure water or an organic medium; The heat pump pipeline is provided with a small pump, which can be used to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant; The energy storage cabinet module is also provided with a real-time temperature control system, which can monitor the temperature of the battery module and dynamically adjust the flow rate or flow of the refrigerant to maintain the surface or internal temperature of the battery module at the life extension temperature value T; If, according to the needs of actual applications, there is no need to strictly ensure that the surface or internal temperature of the battery module is always maintained at the life extension temperature value T and remains constant, the flow rate or flow of the refrigerant can be adjusted through the real-time temperature control system to keep the surface or internal temperature of the battery module within the temperature range T_range near the life extension temperature value T.

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