Power grid optimization scheduling system considering various adjustable loads and carbon transactions

Abstract

The invention discloses a power grid optimal dispatching system considering various adjustable loads and carbon transactions, and belongs to the technical field of power systems. The invention discloses a power grid optimal scheduling system considering various adjustable loads and carbon transactions. The power grid optimal scheduling system comprises a data acquisition unit, a load model establishment unit, a carbon transaction model establishment unit and an optimal scheduling unit. According to the method, the problems that the scheduling advantage of the adjustable load cannot be fully played and the low-carbon property cannot be ensured in the prior art are solved, the load scheduling model and the load adjustment compensation model are respectively established by acquiring various adjustable load data of the to-be-scheduled power grid and based on the power utilization characteristics of various adjustable load resources, and meanwhile, the load scheduling model and the load adjustment compensation model are established. A carbon transaction cost model is constructed according to a carbon transaction mechanism, and load characteristic constraints are established by taking the minimum total scheduling cost as an optimization target, so that a scheduling method for multi-type adjustable load resources is established for optimal scheduling, the scheduling cost and the carbon emission of a unit can be effectively reduced, and the economical efficiency and low-carbon property of power grid operation are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power systems, and in particular to a power grid optimization dispatching system taking into account multiple adjustable loads and carbon trading. Background Art

[0002] The power system is an electric energy production and consumption system composed of power plants, transmission and transformation lines, power distribution stations and power consumption. The main structure of the power system includes power sources, substations, transmission and distribution lines and load centers. The structure of the power system should ensure the reasonable coordination of power production and consumption on the basis of advanced technical equipment and high economic benefits. To achieve this function, the power system also has corresponding information and control systems at various links and levels to measure, regulate, control, protect, communicate and dispatch the production process of electric energy to ensure that users obtain safe and high-quality electric energy. With the development of the power system, the optimal dispatch of the power system with the participation of adjustable loads has attracted more attention from researchers. Adjustable loads refer to demand-side power equipment, power supply equipment, energy storage equipment, etc. that can start, stop or adjust the operating status according to the operation of the power grid, electricity prices, incentives or transaction information, including industrial enterprise production processes, production auxiliary loads, building loads, residential electrical loads, distributed energy storage, electric vehicles, etc.

[0003] As the main body of energy consumption, the existing power industry's carbon emissions account for a large proportion of the total carbon emissions. The power grid system cannot give full play to the scheduling advantages of adjustable loads and meet the diverse needs of users, and cannot ensure the low-carbon nature of the power grid system; therefore, it does not meet existing needs. In this regard, we propose a power grid optimization scheduling system that takes into account a variety of adjustable loads and carbon trading. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a power grid optimization dispatching system that takes into account various adjustable loads and carbon trading. The data acquisition unit can obtain various adjustable load data of the power grid to be dispatched, so that the load model establishment unit can establish a load dispatching model and a load regulation compensation model based on the power consumption characteristics of the various adjustable load resources. At the same time, the carbon trading model establishment unit adopts a free allocation method and provides carbon emission quotas for the power grid to be dispatched based on the baseline method, and constructs a carbon trading cost model according to the carbon trading mechanism. Load characteristic constraints are established with the minimum total dispatching cost as the optimization goal, thereby establishing a dispatching method for multiple types of adjustable load resources, and realizing optimal dispatching of the power grid to be dispatched according to the dispatching method, ensuring the economy and low carbon nature of the power grid operation, and solving the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a power grid optimization dispatching system taking into account multiple adjustable loads and carbon trading, comprising: A data acquisition unit, based on monitoring of the power grid, acquires various adjustable load data of the power grid to be dispatched, and processes missing values ​​in the various adjustable load data; A load model building unit is used to build a load dispatching model and a load regulation compensation model based on the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources. The established load dispatching model and load regulation compensation model can evaluate the dispatching potential of various adjustable load resources, so as to determine the way in which different loads participate in grid regulation. A carbon trading model building unit is used to determine the free carbon quota in the power grid by adopting the free allocation method and based on the baseline method, provide carbon emission quotas for the power grid to be dispatched, and build a carbon trading cost model according to the carbon trading mechanism; The optimization dispatching unit is used to establish load characteristic constraints taking into account adjustable load resources based on the load dispatching model, load regulation compensation model and carbon trading cost model, with the minimum total dispatching cost as the optimization goal, so as to establish a dispatching method for multiple types of adjustable load resources, and realize the optimized dispatching of the power grid to be dispatched according to the dispatching method.

[0006] Furthermore, the data acquisition unit includes: An acquisition module is used to acquire data of various adjustable loads of the power grid to be dispatched through a collection device, so as to determine the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources according to the acquired data; The processing module is used to process the acquired multiple adjustable load data to fill in the missing values ​​in the multiple adjustable load data.

[0007] Furthermore, the multiple adjustable load data acquired in the acquisition module include industrial users, air conditioning loads, electric vehicles and energy storage power stations.

[0008] Furthermore, when the processing module processes the missing values ​​in the multiple adjustable load data, the missing data of the day is completed by taking the average value of the load data of the two days before and after.

[0009] Furthermore, the load model establishment unit establishes an adjustable load model based on the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources, according to time-shifted loads, controllable loads and transferred loads, and establishes a compensation mechanism according to actual operating constraints. It can compensate for various adjustable load resources, thereby constructing a load regulation compensation model according to the compensation results.

[0010] Furthermore, the carbon trading model establishment unit adopts a free allocation method and determines the free carbon quota in the power grid based on the baseline method, and the initial carbon emission amount of the system is expressed as: ; The actual carbon emissions are determined by the consumption of the entire power grid. At the same time, considering that P2G absorbs CO2 during operation and conducts carbon trading, the actual carbon emissions are expressed as: .

[0011] Furthermore, the carbon trading model building unit introduces a ladder-type carbon trading mechanism with an incentive coefficient based on traditional carbon trading, thereby constructing a carbon trading cost model according to the carbon trading mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the optimization scheduling unit takes minimizing the total scheduling cost as the optimization goal, and establishes load characteristic constraints that take into account adjustable load resources according to the load scheduling model, the load regulation compensation model and the carbon trading cost model, thereby being able to establish a scheduling method for multiple types of adjustable load resources. The scheduling method performs optimization scheduling in the order of day-ahead optimization, intraday optimization and real-time optimization, thereby achieving optimized scheduling of the power grid to be scheduled.

[0013] Furthermore, the day-ahead optimization, intraday optimization and real-time optimization are specifically: The day-ahead optimization scheduling is run once a day, and the optimization generates a 24-hour optimization scheduling plan for the next day; The calculation cycle of intraday optimization scheduling is 15 minutes. Based on the day-ahead optimization scheduling, the optimization scheduling plan for the next 4 hours within the day is revised to generate the intraday optimization scheduling plan; The calculation cycle of real-time optimization scheduling is 5 minutes. It is modified based on the intraday optimization scheduling to generate an optimized scheduling plan for the next 30 minutes of the day.

[0014] Furthermore, the optimization scheduling unit organizes the scheduling results obtained after each optimization scheduling and reports them to the scheduling department.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can obtain various adjustable load data of the power grid to be dispatched through the data acquisition unit. According to the obtained various adjustable load data, the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources can be determined, and then the missing values ​​in the various adjustable load data can be processed by the processing module. The processing module can take the load data of the previous and next two days to calculate the average value. The average value of the load data of the previous and next two days can be used to supplement the missing data of the day, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the obtained various adjustable load data and providing accurate data support for subsequent optimization and scheduling work.

[0016] 2. The present invention can establish a load dispatching model and a load regulation compensation model based on the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources through the load model establishment unit. At the same time, the carbon trading model establishment unit adopts a free allocation method and provides carbon emission quotas for the power grid to be dispatched based on the baseline method, and constructs a carbon trading cost model according to the carbon trading mechanism. Finally, the load characteristic constraints are established by the optimization scheduling unit with the minimum total scheduling cost as the optimization goal, thereby establishing a scheduling method for multiple types of adjustable load resources. The scheduling method performs optimization scheduling in the order of day-ahead optimization, intraday optimization and real-time optimization. According to the scheduling method, the optimized scheduling of the power grid to be dispatched is realized, thereby effectively reducing the scheduling cost and the carbon emissions of the units, and ensuring the economy and low carbon nature of the power grid operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In order to solve the technical problems that the existing power grid system cannot give full play to the dispatching advantages of adjustable loads and meet the diverse needs of users, and cannot ensure the low-carbon nature of the power grid system, please refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides the following technical solutions: A power grid optimization dispatching system that takes into account various adjustable loads and carbon trading, including: A data acquisition unit, based on monitoring of the power grid, acquires various adjustable load data of the power grid to be dispatched, and processes missing values ​​in the various adjustable load data; A load model building unit is used to build a load dispatching model and a load regulation compensation model based on the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources. The established load dispatching model and load regulation compensation model can evaluate the dispatching potential of various adjustable load resources, so as to determine the way in which different loads participate in grid regulation. A carbon trading model building unit is used to determine the free carbon quota in the power grid by adopting the free allocation method and based on the baseline method, provide carbon emission quotas for the power grid to be dispatched, and build a carbon trading cost model according to the carbon trading mechanism; The optimization dispatching unit is used to establish load characteristic constraints taking into account adjustable load resources based on the load dispatching model, load regulation compensation model and carbon trading cost model, with the minimum total dispatching cost as the optimization goal, so as to establish a dispatching method for multiple types of adjustable load resources, and realize the optimized dispatching of the power grid to be dispatched according to the dispatching method.

[0020] The technical effect of the above content is as follows: through the data acquisition unit, various adjustable load data of the power grid to be dispatched can be acquired, so that the load model establishment unit can establish a load dispatching model and a load adjustment compensation model based on the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources. At the same time, the carbon trading model establishment unit adopts a free allocation method and provides carbon emission quotas for the power grid to be dispatched based on the baseline method, and constructs a carbon trading cost model according to the carbon trading mechanism. Finally, through the optimization scheduling unit, load characteristic constraints are established with the minimum total scheduling cost as the optimization goal, thereby establishing a scheduling method for multiple types of adjustable load resources, and realizing optimal scheduling of the power grid to be dispatched according to the scheduling method, thereby effectively reducing the scheduling cost and the carbon emissions of the unit.

[0021] The data acquisition unit comprises: The acquisition module is used to acquire data of various adjustable loads of the power grid to be dispatched through acquisition equipment, so as to determine the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources according to the acquired data; the various adjustable load data acquired in the acquisition module include industrial users, air conditioning loads, electric vehicles and energy storage power stations; The processing module is used to process the obtained multiple adjustable load data to fill in the missing values ​​in the multiple adjustable load data; when the processing module processes the missing values ​​in the multiple adjustable load data, the missing data of the day is filled in by taking the average value of the load data of the previous and next two days.

[0022] The technical effect of the above content is as follows: the acquisition module can acquire various adjustable load data of the dispatching power grid through the acquisition equipment, and according to the obtained various adjustable load data, the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources can be determined, and the obtained various adjustable load data can be processed by the processing module, and the processing module will complete the missing values ​​in the various adjustable load data. The load data of the two days before and after are taken through the processing module, and the average value is calculated based on the load data of the two days before and after. The missing data of the day can be completed by the average value of the load data of the two days before and after, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the obtained various adjustable load data, providing accurate data support for subsequent optimization and scheduling work, and avoiding deviations in the optimization and scheduling work due to data problems.

[0023] The load model building unit establishes an adjustable load model based on the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources, according to time-shifted loads, controllable loads and transferred loads, and establishes a compensation mechanism according to actual operating constraints. It can compensate for various adjustable load resources, and thus build a load regulation compensation model based on the compensation results.

[0024] The technical effect of the above content is: the load model establishment unit can establish an adjustable load model based on the power consumption characteristics of multiple adjustable load resources according to time-shifted loads, controllable loads and transfer loads. At the same time, a compensation mechanism can be established according to actual operation constraints, and multiple adjustable load resources can be compensated, so that a load adjustment compensation model can be constructed according to the compensation results; It should be noted that the adjustable load model is established based on a neural network or an abnormal algorithm. Among them, the optimization scheduling based on the neural network is to train the data of the power grid system through the neural network model to establish an adjustable load model, and then predict a certain output value of the power grid system through the adjustable load model; the optimization scheduling based on the genetic algorithm uses the chromosome theory of genes to make optimization decisions, which can quickly find the optimal solution from various decision-making options and achieve optimization effects in a short time.

[0025] The carbon trading model building unit adopts the free allocation method and determines the free carbon quota in the power grid based on the baseline method.

[0026] Technical effects of the above contents: The carbon trading model establishment unit determines the free carbon quota in the power grid by adopting the free allocation method and based on the baseline method, provides carbon emission quotas for the power grid to be dispatched, and constructs a carbon trading cost model according to the carbon trading mechanism. The carbon trading model establishment unit introduces a ladder-type carbon trading mechanism with an incentive coefficient based on traditional carbon trading, thereby constructing a carbon trading cost model according to the carbon trading mechanism. The carbon trading mechanism enables carbon emission rights to be bought and sold, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling carbon emissions; It should be noted that the carbon quota is calculated based on the equivalent heat production, and the initial carbon emission of the system is expressed as: ; The actual carbon emissions are determined by the consumption of the entire power grid. At the same time, considering that P2G absorbs CO2 during operation and conducts carbon trading, the actual carbon emissions are expressed as: .

[0027] The optimization dispatching unit takes the minimum total dispatching cost as the optimization goal, and establishes load characteristic constraints that take into account adjustable load resources based on the load dispatching model, load regulation compensation model and carbon trading cost model. In this way, a dispatching method for multiple types of adjustable load resources can be established. The dispatching method performs optimization dispatching in the order of day-ahead optimization, intraday optimization and real-time optimization, thereby realizing the optimized dispatching of the dispatched power grid. The optimization dispatching unit organizes the dispatching results obtained after each optimization dispatching and reports them to the dispatching department.

[0028] Among them, day-ahead optimization, intraday optimization and real-time optimization are as follows: The day-ahead optimization scheduling is run once a day, and the optimization generates a 24-hour optimization scheduling plan for the next day; The calculation cycle of intraday optimization scheduling is 15 minutes. Based on the day-ahead optimization scheduling, the optimization scheduling plan for the next 4 hours within the day is revised to generate the intraday optimization scheduling plan; The calculation cycle of real-time optimization scheduling is 5 minutes. It is modified based on the intraday optimization scheduling to generate an optimized scheduling plan for the next 30 minutes of the day.

[0029] The technical effect of the above content is as follows: the optimization dispatching unit takes the minimum total dispatching cost as the optimization goal, solves the load dispatching model, the load regulation compensation model and the carbon trading cost model, so as to establish the load characteristic constraints taking into account the adjustable load resources, and then establishes the dispatching method of multiple types of adjustable load resources according to the load characteristic constraints. The dispatching method optimizes and dispatches the power grid system in sequence according to the order of day-ahead optimization, intraday optimization and real-time optimization. The day-ahead optimization dispatching can be run once a day, so as to optimize and generate the 24-hour optimization dispatching plan for the next day. The intraday optimization dispatching can modify the optimization dispatching plan for the next 4 hours of the day on the basis of the day-ahead optimization dispatching, so as to generate the intraday optimization dispatching plan. The real-time optimization dispatching is optimized in the intraday The optimized dispatching plan for the next 30 minutes of the day is generated by making corrections based on the dispatching method. The optimized dispatching of the power grid to be dispatched can be realized according to the established dispatching method, and the optimized dispatching will work according to each time period, so as to realize the coordinated optimization of the entire power grid system under the premise of ensuring the safe and economical operation of the power grid system. In addition, the optimized dispatching unit will collect the dispatching results after each optimized dispatching, and organize and report the dispatching results to the dispatching department for review. The dispatching department will evaluate the rationality of the optimized dispatching of the power grid system according to the dispatching results, and provide adjustment suggestions, so as to provide a theoretical basis and technical solutions for the actual power grid system dispatching, and further improve the economy and low carbon operation of the power grid system.

[0030] Working principle: The data acquisition unit can be used to obtain various adjustable load data of the power grid to be dispatched. According to the obtained various adjustable load data, the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources can be determined. Then, the missing values ​​in the various adjustable load data can be processed by the processing module. The processing module can take the load data of the previous and next two days to calculate the average value. The average value of the load data of the previous and next two days can be used to complete the missing data of the day, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the obtained various adjustable load data, and providing accurate data support for subsequent optimization and dispatching work. The load model establishment unit can be used to establish a load dispatching model and a load regulation compensation model based on the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources. At the same time, the carbon trading model establishment unit adopts a free allocation method and provides carbon emission quotas for the power grid to be dispatched based on the baseline method, and according to the carbon trading The carbon trading cost model is constructed through the mechanism. Finally, the load characteristic constraints are established by optimizing the dispatching unit with the minimum total dispatching cost as the optimization goal, so as to establish a dispatching method for multiple types of adjustable load resources. The dispatching method performs optimized dispatching in the order of day-ahead optimization, intraday optimization and real-time optimization. The optimized dispatching of the power grid to be dispatched is realized according to the dispatching method, thereby effectively reducing the dispatching cost and the carbon emissions of the units, giving full play to the dispatching advantages of the adjustable load, improving the peak-shaving capacity of the power grid system, and thus ensuring the economy and low-carbon operation of the power grid system. In addition, after each optimized dispatching, the optimized dispatching unit will organize the dispatching results and report them to the dispatching department, so that the dispatching department can evaluate the rationality of the optimized dispatching of the power grid system based on the dispatching results and provide adjustment suggestions, so as to further improve the economy and low-carbon operation of the power grid system.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0032] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A power grid optimization dispatching system taking into account multiple adjustable loads and carbon trading, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition unit, based on monitoring of the power grid, acquires various adjustable load data of the power grid to be dispatched, and processes missing values ​​in the various adjustable load data; A load model building unit is used to build a load dispatching model and a load regulation compensation model based on the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources. The established load dispatching model and load regulation compensation model can evaluate the dispatching potential of various adjustable load resources, so as to determine the way in which different loads participate in grid regulation. A carbon trading model building unit is used to determine the free carbon quota in the power grid by adopting the free allocation method and based on the baseline method, provide carbon emission quotas for the power grid to be dispatched, and build a carbon trading cost model according to the carbon trading mechanism; The optimization dispatching unit is used to establish load characteristic constraints taking into account adjustable load resources based on the load dispatching model, load regulation compensation model and carbon trading cost model, with the minimum total dispatching cost as the optimization goal, so as to establish a dispatching method for multiple types of adjustable load resources, and realize the optimized dispatching of the power grid to be dispatched according to the dispatching method.

2. The power grid optimization dispatching system taking into account multiple adjustable loads and carbon trading according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition unit comprises: An acquisition module is used to acquire data of various adjustable loads of the power grid to be dispatched through a collection device, so as to determine the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources according to the acquired data; The processing module is used to process the acquired multiple adjustable load data to fill in the missing values ​​in the multiple adjustable load data.

3. The power grid optimization dispatching system taking into account multiple adjustable loads and carbon trading according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The multiple adjustable load data acquired in the acquisition module include industrial users, air conditioning loads, electric vehicles and energy storage power stations.

4. The power grid optimization dispatching system taking into account multiple adjustable loads and carbon trading according to claim 2 is characterized in that: When the processing module processes the missing values ​​in the multiple adjustable load data, the missing data of the day is completed by taking the average value of the load data of the two days before and after.

5. The power grid optimization dispatching system taking into account multiple adjustable loads and carbon trading according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The load model establishment unit establishes an adjustable load model based on the power consumption characteristics of various adjustable load resources, according to time-shifted loads, controllable loads and transferred loads, and establishes a compensation mechanism according to actual operating constraints. It can compensate for various adjustable load resources, thereby constructing a load adjustment compensation model based on the compensation results.

6. The power grid optimization dispatching system taking into account multiple adjustable loads and carbon trading according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The carbon trading model establishment unit adopts a free allocation method and determines the free carbon quota in the power grid based on the baseline method. The initial carbon emission amount of the system is expressed as: ； The actual carbon emissions are determined by the consumption of the entire power grid. At the same time, considering that P2G absorbs CO2 during operation and conducts carbon trading, the actual carbon emissions are expressed as: 。 7. The power grid optimization dispatching system taking into account multiple adjustable loads and carbon trading according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The carbon trading model building unit introduces a ladder-type carbon trading mechanism with an incentive coefficient based on traditional carbon trading, thereby building a carbon trading cost model according to the carbon trading mechanism.

8. The power grid optimization dispatching system taking into account multiple adjustable loads and carbon trading according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The optimization scheduling unit takes minimizing the total scheduling cost as the optimization goal, and establishes load characteristic constraints that take into account adjustable load resources based on the load scheduling model, the load regulation compensation model and the carbon trading cost model, so as to establish a scheduling method for multiple types of adjustable load resources. The scheduling method performs optimization scheduling in the order of day-ahead optimization, intraday optimization and real-time optimization, thereby realizing optimized scheduling of the power grid to be scheduled.

9. The power grid optimization dispatching system taking into account multiple adjustable loads and carbon trading according to claim 8, characterized in that: The day-ahead optimization, intraday optimization and real-time optimization are specifically: The day-ahead optimization scheduling is run once a day, and the optimization generates a 24-hour optimization scheduling plan for the next day; The calculation cycle of intraday optimization scheduling is 15 minutes. Based on the day-ahead optimization scheduling, the optimization scheduling plan for the next 4 hours within the day is revised to generate the intraday optimization scheduling plan; The calculation cycle of real-time optimization scheduling is 5 minutes. It is modified based on the intraday optimization scheduling to generate an optimized scheduling plan for the next 30 minutes of the day.

10. The power grid optimization dispatching system taking into account multiple adjustable loads and carbon trading according to claim 8, characterized in that: The optimization scheduling unit organizes the scheduling results obtained after each optimization scheduling and reports them to the scheduling department.

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