Method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural pest control. According to the method for preventing and treating the kiwifruit canker, girdling, high-nitrogen foliar fertilizer and foliar spraying of a copper preparation serve as prevention and treatment cores, transportation of underground nutrients is blocked in a girdling mode, pressure of stems and underground tissues of the kiwifruit is temporarily relieved, the high-nitrogen foliar fertilizer is externally applied, and the kiwifruit canker is prevented and treated. A certain time is bought for treating the canker injury of each tissue of the plant by a copper preparation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural pest control, and particularly relates to a method for controlling kiwifruit canker. Background Art

[0002] Canker is a pathogen that can cause local tissue ulceration, necrosis and cork proliferation in plants. Plant canker generally occurs in the cortex of the stem, and can also occur in fruits or branches. After the canker bacteria infect the plant, the symptoms of ulcer often do not appear immediately, and the infection is latent. When the tree loses water or the growth potential declines, it develops into ulcer spots. If the treatment is not timely, the ulcer will expand year after year, and even cause the stems and branches to break or die. Kiwi canker mainly harms the new shoots, branches, leaves and buds of kiwifruit, mainly harming 1-2 year old branches, and generally does not harm the roots and fruits. After the plant is infected, it begins to get sick in mid-to-late February, and 1-3 cm long longitudinal cracks occur on the branches, and dark green water-soaked mucus flows out. Under high humidity conditions, white bacterial pus is secreted at the cracks. Finally, the tissue at the gum flow site sinks and turns black to form rust-like ulcer spots, and the branches at the upper end of the diseased part crack, shrink and die. When leaves are infected, irregular dark brown spots of 1 to 3 mm appear, and the outer edges of the spots turn yellow within 2 to 5 mm. Severely diseased leaves curl inward, become scorched, and easily fall off. When flower buds are infected, they turn brown and die before blooming. When floral organs are infected, the corolla turns brown and appears water-rotten.

[0003] In production, the damage caused by the outbreak of kiwifruit canker is very serious, often causing the tree to weaken, diseased branches to die, resulting in reduced production, small fruits, and low quality. In severe cases, it is even necessary to cut down trees and destroy the garden to curb the disease. Kiwifruit canker is mostly caused by old, weak, and declining trees and poor disease resistance, which makes it easy for bacteria to infect. The bacteria flow with the sap, increasing the degree of damage. From the source, we often strengthen the inspection of seedlings, and strictly prohibit the transportation of seedlings, scions and cuttings from the diseased area to prevent long-distance transmission; adopt conventional biological control methods for canker, such as burning dead branches and leaves carrying bacteria in winter, and pruning in early spring to remove diseased and insect-infested branches, diseased leaves, long branches, drooping branches, etc., to reduce the source of infectious diseases; adopt drug control methods. Copper preparations and kasugamycin are mainly used on the market to prevent canker. Copper preparations are applied five times a year, three times in winter, once during the budding period, and once after fruit picking. Kasugamycin can be sprayed before leaf fall and before flowering, and it can be applied once a year. times; a new prevention and control method on the market that uses microbial preparations to improve the soil environment, improve the tree's resistance to diseases, and reduce the incidence rate; an operation commonly used in New Zealand in recent years, ring-barking all male and female trees before flowering, through spring ring-barking, to prevent the nutrient backflow produced by the leaves, effectively improve the quality of the flower buds, and prevent the flower buds from falling; combined with the characteristics of kiwifruit canker, which has a thick crop cortex and strong pathogen concealment, physical means can also be used to support each other with a variety of drug methods, play a role in reducing pathogens, allowing the drug solution to contact the bacteria and then kill them, and eliminate the disease. In general, whether it is biological control, physical control, drug control or other existing technologies, they all have certain limitations, such as biological control and drug control are not effective, physical control is most effective in removing pathogens by cutting down trees, but it will cause huge losses in production. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker. The method adopts multiple means to jointly prevent and treat kiwifruit canker, has good prevention and treatment effect, and does not affect production.

[0005] The invention provides a method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker, comprising the following steps: ring-barking the kiwifruit canker occurrence site, and spraying nitrogen fertilizer and copper preparation on the leaf surface in sequence after the ring-barking.

[0006] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the ring barking includes ring barking at the main trunk 30 to 40 cm from the ground, the width of the ring barking is 1 cm, and the depth reaches the wood part.

[0007] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of spraying of the nitrogen fertilizer is the same as the number of spraying of the copper preparation, and both are not less than 2 times.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen fertilizer comprises a high nitrogen fertilizer with a nitrogen content higher than 50%.

[0009] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the copper preparation is sprayed 1 to 2 days after the nitrogen fertilizer is sprayed.

[0010] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the copper preparation is sprayed once every 10 days during the outbreak of ulcer disease, and the spraying is not less than 2 times.

[0011] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the copper preparation is sprayed until the tree is wet, about 500 ml / tree.

[0012] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the copper preparation comprises any one or more combinations of the following: quinoline copper, copper hydroxide and copper oxychloride.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the preparation comprises a combination of copper hydroxide and copper quinoline.

[0014] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the working concentration of quinoline copper is 1.5 mM, the working concentration of copper hydroxide is 12 mM, and the working concentration of copper oxychloride is 6 mM.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling kiwifruit canker disease, with ring barking, high-nitrogen foliar fertilizer and foliar spraying of copper preparations as the core of prevention and control. The transportation of underground nutrients is blocked by ring barking, and the pressure on kiwifruit stems and underground tissues is temporarily relieved. By applying high-nitrogen foliar fertilizer exogenously, a certain amount of time is gained for copper preparations to treat the damage to plant tissues caused by the canker disease.

[0016] In the embodiments of the present invention, by comparing the incidence of kiwifruit canker disease treated with a variety of different methods, it was found that the trunk of the kiwifruit without any prevention and control measures had an obvious canker disease outbreak, and the trunk rotted and oozed in a large area; ring barking the trunk of the tree and using high nitrogen fertilizer can effectively reduce the phenomenon of tree oozing; ring barking combined with high nitrogen and single treatment with copper preparations had a certain prevention and control effect on kiwifruit canker disease, and it can be observed that the degree of rot was reduced and oozing was basically not observed; ring barking combined with high nitrogen and a mixed treatment of two copper preparations had a significant prevention and control effect on kiwifruit canker disease, among which the combination of copper hydroxide and quinoline copper had the most significant effect, and the combination of the three copper preparations did not increase the kiwifruit's resistance to ulcer disease. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The distribution diagram of each treatment of the present invention, wherein copper is the abbreviation of copper oxychloride;

[0018] Figure 2The early floral disease of kiwifruit canker under different treatments. In the figure, CK represents treatment 1, ring stripping + high nitrogen represents treatment 2, copper oxychloride represents treatment 3, quinoline copper represents treatment 4, copper hydroxide represents treatment 5, copper oxychloride + quinoline copper represents treatment 6, copper hydroxide + quinoline copper represents treatment 7, copper hydroxide + copper oxychloride represents treatment 8, and copper hydroxide + copper oxychloride + quinoline copper represents treatment 9; the same below;

[0019] Figure 3 The disease situation of early leaves of kiwifruit canker under different treatments;

[0020] Figure 4 The disease condition of kiwi fruit trunk treated with different copper preparations;

[0021] Figure 5 The incidence of kiwifruit canker in different treatments;

[0022] Figure 6 The incidence of kiwifruit canker in the late tender leaves under different treatments;

[0023] Figure 7 The incidence of kiwifruit canker in the late old leaves under different treatments;

[0024] Figure 8 The incidence of kiwifruit canker in the late young branches under different treatments;

[0025] Fig. 9 The disease situation of old branches in the late stage of kiwifruit canker was shown in different treatments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The invention provides a method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker, comprising the following steps: ring-barking the kiwifruit canker occurrence site, and spraying nitrogen fertilizer and copper preparation on the leaf surface in sequence after the ring-barking.

[0027] The present invention does not specifically limit the type of kiwifruit, and common varieties in the art can be used for canker prevention and treatment. The present invention performs ring barking on the main trunk of kiwifruit at a distance of 30 to 40 cm from the ground. The present invention performs the ring barking according to the period of outbreak of kiwifruit canker, including ring barking on the main trunk at a distance of 30 to 40 cm from the ground, the width of the ring barking is 1 cm, and the depth reaches the wood. After the ring barking, the present invention sprays the nitrogen fertilizer and the copper preparation on the leaves from April to August, and the nitrogen fertilizer and the copper preparation are sprayed separately during the spraying, wherein the spraying interval of the nitrogen fertilizer is 10d, and the spraying interval of the copper preparation is 10d. The copper preparation can be sprayed on the leaves 1 to 2d after the nitrogen fertilizer is sprayed on the leaves. The number of spraying of the nitrogen fertilizer in the present invention is the same as the number of spraying of the copper preparation, both of which are not less than 2 times, and the amount of each spraying is 500ml. When spraying nitrogen fertilizer, the present invention can select sodium nitrate or calcium nitrate as nitrate nitrogen, and the nitrate nitrogen can be ≥88g / L when spraying; ammonium nitrogen can select ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride or ammonium bicarbonate, and the ammonium nitrogen can be ≥88g / L when spraying; amide nitrogen, such as urea, can also be sprayed, and the amide nitrogen can be ≥184g / L when spraying; of course, it can also be configured by itself, such as in the embodiment, the high N fertilizer is prepared according to the ratio of 88g / L sodium nitrate+88g / L ammonium sulfate+184g / L urea.

[0028] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the copper preparation is sprayed once every 10 days during the outbreak of ulcer disease, and the spraying is not less than 2 times; the copper preparation includes any one or more combinations of the following: quinoline copper, copper hydroxide and copper oxychloride, such as spraying a single agent, such as quinoline copper, copper hydroxide and copper oxychloride; such as spraying two copper preparations, such as a combination of quinoline copper and copper hydroxide, a combination of quinoline copper and copper oxychloride (referred to as imperial copper), or a combination of copper hydroxide and copper oxychloride; such as spraying three copper preparations, such as a combination of quinoline copper, copper hydroxide and copper oxychloride. In the present invention, the copper preparation is sprayed in an amount of 500 ml each time, the working concentration of quinoline copper is 1.5 mM, the working concentration of copper hydroxide is 12 mM, and the working concentration of copper oxychloride is 6 mM.

[0029] The core of the method described in the present invention is based on ring barking + high-nitrogen foliar fertilizer. The transportation of underground nutrients is blocked by ring cutting, which temporarily relieves the pressure on the kiwifruit stems and underground tissues. By applying high-nitrogen foliar fertilizer and other nutrients exogenously, a certain time is gained for a variety of combinations of copper preparations to treat the damage of various plant tissues caused by ulcer disease, thereby facilitating the prevention and treatment of kiwifruit ulcer disease.

[0030] In order to further illustrate the present invention, a method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker provided by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents used in the examples of the present invention are conventional reagents in the art.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] In Weixin County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province, according to the plot Figure 1 The 9 processes shown are as follows:

[0034] 1: control (CK), no treatment;

[0035] 2: Ring stripping + high N treatment;

[0036] 3: Ring stripping + high N + royal copper (copper oxychloride);

[0037] 4: Ring stripping + high N + quinoline copper;

[0038] 5: Ring stripping + high N + copper hydroxide;

[0039] 6: Ring stripping + high N + combined copper (imperial copper + quinoline copper);

[0040] 7: Ring stripping + high N + combined copper (copper hydroxide + quinoline copper);

[0041] 8: Ring stripping + high N + combined copper (imperial copper + copper hydroxide);

[0042] 9: Ring stripping + high N + combined copper (copper hydroxide + quinoline copper + imperial copper).

[0043] In each treatment, the trunk was ring-barked at 30-40 cm above the ground, with a width of 1 cm and a depth of xylem; and the high-N fertilizer was sprayed on the leaves within 1 to 2 days after ring-barking, and the application was done according to the instructions; 1 to 2 days after the application of the high-N fertilizer, the copper preparation was sprayed; during spraying, the working concentration of quinoline copper was 1.5 mM, the working concentration of copper hydroxide was 12 mM, and the working concentration of copper oxychloride was 6 mM.

[0044] According to the outbreak period of kiwifruit canker, canker prevention and control was carried out from April to August. Within 20 days, a total of 1 ring barking, 2 sprayings of high N fertilizer and 2 sprayings of copper preparations were carried out, with an interval of 10 days. Specifically: the first time: ring barking on April 1, spraying of nitrogen fertilizer on April 2, and spraying of pesticides on April 3; the second time: spraying of nitrogen fertilizer on April 12, and spraying of pesticides on April 13. 100 trees were set up for each treatment as repeated controls, and a protective row of more than 2 meters was set between the corresponding treatments, and the morphology, size and age of all kiwifruit trees used in the experiment were kept consistent.

[0045] After the treatment is completed, statistics are performed, including collecting pictures using a camera at 20 days; then the incidence of ulcer disease in different treatments is graded according to Table 2, and the prevention and control rate of ulcer disease is calculated based on the resistance grading standard shown in Table 3.

[0046] Table 2 Grading standards for kiwifruit canker

[0047] Grading Classification standard (proportion of diseased branches or ratio of the horizontal diameter of the lesion to the circumference of the tree stem) Representative value Ⅰ No disease 0 Ⅱ X＜1 / 3 1 Ⅲ 1 / 3≤X＜1 / 2 2 Ⅳ 2 / 3≤X<4 / 5 (branch) or 1 / 2≤X<2 / 3 (stem circumference) 3 Ⅴ Whole plant death 4

[0048] Table 3 Resistance classification standards

[0049] grade Disease resistance Disease index 0 High resistance to HR 0.0～3.3 1 Anti-R 3.4～10.0 2 Middle resistance MR 10.1～20.0 3 MS 20.1～40.0 4 Sense 40.1～70.0 5 High sensitivity HS 70.1～100.0

[0050] 1. Early floral disease of kiwifruit canker under different treatments

[0051] Early stage of kiwifruit canker in flowers Figure 2 As shown in the figure, both single agent and mixed agent treatments showed different degrees of blossom rot, and only under the copper hydroxide + quinoline copper treatment did the blossom rot outbreak almost disappear, while the blossom rot phenomenon in the CK and ring cutting + high nitrogen treatments was the most obvious. At the same time, it was found that under the ring cutting + high nitrogen treatment, all copper preparation combinations could reduce the degree of blossom rot.

[0052] 2. Early leaf disease of kiwifruit canker under different treatments

[0053] The early symptoms of kiwifruit canker on leaves Figure 3 As shown in the figure, without any prevention and control measures (control), obvious canker disease broke out, and large areas of leaves were lesioned; ring cutting the main trunk of the tree and using high nitrogen fertilizer did not significantly reduce the occurrence of leaf lesions in the early stage; compared with the control and ring cutting + high nitrogen, single copper preparation treatment had a certain prevention and control effect on kiwi leaf canker disease, and the degree of leaf lesions could be observed to be reduced; compared with single copper preparation treatment, the mixed treatment of two copper preparations had a significant prevention and control effect on kiwi leaf canker disease, and copper hydroxide + quinoline copper and copper oxychloride + copper hydroxide treatments achieved a prevention and control effect of basically no lesions on the leaves, while copper oxychloride + quinoline copper combination still observed certain lesions on the leaf surface compared with copper hydroxide + quinoline copper and copper oxychloride + copper hydroxide treatments; the effect of the combination of three copper preparations was similar to that of copper oxychloride + quinoline copper combination, and small areas of lesions were found on the leaf surface. Therefore, under the ring cutting + high nitrogen treatment, copper hydroxide + quinoline copper and copper oxychloride + copper hydroxide treatments can achieve a good barrier effect on the prevention and control of canker disease in leaf lesions.

[0054] 3. Early trunk disease of kiwifruit canker under different treatments

[0055] The photo results are as follows Figure 4As shown in the figure, from the disease situation of kiwifruit trunk, obvious canker broke out without any prevention and control measures (control), and the trunk rotted and oozed in a large area; ring barking the trunk of the tree and using high nitrogen fertilizer can effectively reduce the phenomenon of tree oozing; compared with the control and ring barking + high nitrogen, single copper preparation treatment has a certain prevention and control effect on kiwifruit canker, and it can be observed that the degree of rot is reduced and the oozing phenomenon is basically not observed; compared with the single copper preparation treatment, the mixed treatment of two copper preparations has a significant prevention and control effect on kiwifruit canker, and the treatments of copper hydroxide + quinoline copper and royal copper + copper hydroxide have achieved the prevention and control effect of preventing the onset of tree ulcer, while the combination of royal copper + quinoline copper, compared with the two treatments of copper hydroxide + quinoline copper and royal copper + copper hydroxide, still observed a certain phloem rot on the surface of the tree; the three copper preparation combinations achieved the effect of no rotting and oozing of the trunk compared with other treatments, and the effect was similar to that of copper hydroxide + quinoline copper and royal copper + copper hydroxide. Based on the above results, it was found that under the ring barking + high nitrogen treatment, using copper hydroxide as the core agent in combination with quinoline copper and imperial copper can achieve good results in the prevention and control of ulcer disease.

[0056] 4. Statistics on early prevention and treatment rates of ulcer disease under different treatments

[0057] After treatment with different combinations of agents, the incidence statistics and disease resistance levels of kiwifruit canker were respectively carried out. The statistical results are shown in Table 1. The susceptibility index of kiwifruit canker without any prevention and control measures (control) was as high as 66%, and the disease resistance level was highly susceptible; the susceptibility index of kiwifruit canker was as high as 52% when the trunk was ringed and high nitrogen fertilizer was used, and the disease resistance level was susceptible; the susceptibility index of kiwifruit canker treated with brass was as high as 36%, and the disease resistance level was medium resistant; the susceptibility index of kiwifruit canker treated with quinoline copper was as high as 13.2%, and the disease resistance level was The results showed that the susceptibility index of kiwifruit canker was 12.4%, and the disease resistance level was resistant; the susceptibility index of kiwifruit canker combined with copper hydroxide was as high as 15.6%, and the disease resistance level was resistant; the susceptibility index of kiwifruit canker combined with copper hydroxide and quinoline copper was as high as 8.8%, and the disease resistance level was highly resistant; the susceptibility index of kiwifruit canker combined with copper hydroxide and quinoline copper was as high as 15.2%, and the disease resistance level was resistant; the susceptibility index of kiwifruit canker treated with copper hydroxide, quinoline copper and copper hydroxide was as high as 12.8%, and the disease resistance level was resistant. In summary, single treatment with copper preparations had a certain control effect on kiwifruit canker, while the mixed treatment with two copper preparations had a significant control effect on kiwifruit canker, among which the combination of copper hydroxide and quinoline copper had the most significant effect, and the combination of the three copper preparations did not increase the kiwifruit's resistance to canker.

[0058] Table 1 Statistics of ulcer prevention and treatment rates under different treatments

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] 5. The late effects of different treatments on the prevention and treatment of kiwifruit canker

[0062] 5.1 Disease status of kiwifruit fruits in late stage of ulcer disease under different treatments

[0063] The disease condition of kiwifruit canker in the late stage Figure 5 As shown, due to the damage of floral organs in the early stage of treatment, a certain proportion of deformed and shrunken fruits appeared in the fruits treated with CK and ring cutting + high nitrogen. However, after treatment with single agent or mixed agent, the growth and development of the fruits did not show adverse variation. Under the ring cutting + high nitrogen treatment, the fruit development of all copper preparation combinations remained consistent with normal fruits.

[0064] 5.2 Disease status of leaves in late stage of kiwifruit canker under different treatments

[0065] 5.2.1 Disease status of young leaves of kiwifruit with different treatments

[0066] The incidence of kiwifruit canker in the late stage of young leaves is as follows Figure 6 As shown in the figure, no prevention and control measures (control) and ring cutting + high nitrogen treatment both had slight ulcer lesions, while other treatments showed almost no signs of disease on young leaves, which fully demonstrated that kiwifruit canker was effectively controlled in the later stage of treatment. At the same time, combined with the early outbreak pattern of young leaves with the main trunk disease pictures, it can also be found that as the canker disease changes over time, the main stems have serious dieback, leaving only some good branches, and the young leaves on which they grow have also been controlled to a certain extent, that is, the lesions on the young leaves have decreased compared to the early stage ( Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 ). Based on the above results, it is proved that under the ring cutting + high nitrogen treatment, all copper preparations can achieve a good inhibitory effect on the prevention and control of ulcer disease on young leaves.

[0067] 5.2.2 Disease status of old leaves of kiwifruit with different treatments for late stage canker

[0068] The disease condition of old leaves in the late stage of kiwifruit canker is as follows Figure 7As shown, without any prevention and control measures (control), obvious canker disease broke out, old leaves developed lesions and even died (curled) in a large area; ring cutting was performed on the main trunk of the tree, and high nitrogen fertilizer was used in combination. In the later period, the results were similar to CK, and the occurrence of old leaf lesions was not significantly reduced, and a large area of ​​old leaves died; compared with the control and ring cutting + high nitrogen, single copper preparation treatment had a certain control effect on kiwifruit old leaf canker disease, and the degree of old leaf lesions could be observed to be reduced, among which copper hydroxide had the most significant effect; compared with single copper preparation treatment, the mixed treatment of two copper preparations also had a significant control effect on kiwifruit canker disease, and the combination of copper oxychloride + quinoline copper compared with copper hydroxide + quinoline copper and copper oxychloride + copper hydroxide treatments, old leaves developed lesions and died in a small area; the combination of three copper preparations also had a significant control effect, and almost no lesions were found. Based on the above results, it is proved that under the ring cutting + high nitrogen treatment, copper hydroxide + quinoline copper, copper oxychloride + copper hydroxide and copper oxychloride + copper hydroxide + quinoline copper can achieve a good inhibitory effect on the control of canker disease in old leaf lesions.

[0069] 5.3 Disease status of kiwifruit trunk in late stage of ulcer disease under different treatments

[0070] 5.3.1 Disease status of young branches of kiwifruit canker in late stage under different treatments

[0071] After being treated with different combinations of drugs, the incidence of kiwifruit canker in the later young branches was basically the same. Whether it was a single drug or a mixed drug treatment, the young branches did not have an outbreak of canker and grew well. At the same time, the young branches under the ring cutting + high nitrogen treatment and without any prevention and control measures (control) were not infected with canker. The above evidence directly proves that the outbreak of canker in the later tender branches can be effectively controlled and does not rely on copper preparations ( Figure 8 The main reason for this phenomenon is that the onset of the ulcer disease on young branches is not significant, and most of the old branches die at the same time, which limits the spread of the ulcer disease ( Fig. 9 ).

[0072] 5.3.2 Disease status of kiwifruit canker in late old branches under different treatments

[0073] The disease situation of kiwifruit canker in the late stage of old branches is as follows Fig. 9As shown in the figure, without any prevention and control measures (control), obvious ulcer disease broke out, and old branches directly lignified and even died in a large area; ring cutting was performed on the main trunk of the tree, and high nitrogen fertilizer was used in combination. In the later period, the results were similar to CK, and the occurrence of lignification of old branches was not significantly reduced, and a large area of ​​old branches died; compared with the control and ring cutting + high nitrogen, single copper preparation treatment had a certain prevention and control effect on kiwifruit old branch ulcer disease, and it can be observed that the incidence of branch ulcer disease was reduced and the wound healed; similar to the single copper preparation treatment, the mixed treatment of two copper preparations also had a significant prevention and control effect on kiwifruit canker disease. From the perspective of healing of canker infection on old branches, no significant difference was found; the combination of three copper preparations also had a significant prevention and control effect, and the phenomenon of wound healing was more obvious. Based on the above results, it is proved that under the ring cutting + high nitrogen treatment, copper preparation treatment can achieve the effect of promoting the healing of canker wounds on old branches and accelerating the recovery of trees.

[0074] 5.3.3 Statistics on the prevention and treatment rate of ulcer disease in different late treatments

[0075] After being treated with different combinations of pesticides, the incidence statistics and disease resistance levels of late kiwifruit canker were conducted. The susceptibility index of ulcer disease without any prevention and control measures (control) was as high as 62.4%, and the disease resistance level was susceptible; the main trunk of the tree was ring-cut and a combination of high nitrogen fertilizer was used, the susceptibility index of ulcer disease was as high as 64.4%, and the disease resistance level was susceptible; the susceptibility index of ulcer disease treated with copper oxychloride was as high as 27.2%, and the disease resistance level was resistant; the susceptibility index of ulcer disease treated with quinoline copper was as high as 18.8%, and the disease resistance level was resistant; the effect of copper hydroxide treatment was the most obvious, with a susceptibility index of ulcer disease as high as 14%, and the disease resistance level was resistant; the susceptibility index of ulcer disease in the combination of copper oxychloride + quinoline copper was as high as 15.2%, and the disease resistance level was resistant; the susceptibility index of ulcer disease in the combination of copper hydroxide + quinoline copper was as high as 6%, and the disease resistance level was highly resistant; the susceptibility index of ulcer disease in the combination of copper oxychloride + copper hydroxide was as high as 16%, and the disease resistance level was resistant; the susceptibility index of ulcer disease treated with copper hydroxide + quinoline copper and copper oxychloride + copper hydroxide was as high as 17.6%, and the disease resistance level was resistant. In summary, similar conclusions were drawn to those obtained in the early treatments. Both single copper preparations and mixed treatments of two copper preparations had certain preventive and therapeutic effects on kiwifruit canker. Among them, the combination of copper hydroxide and quinoline copper had the most significant effect. The combination of the three copper preparations did not increase the resistance of kiwifruit to canker (Table 2).

[0076] Table 2 Effect of late prevention and treatment of kiwifruit canker

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Ring bark the area where kiwifruit canker occurs, and then spray nitrogen fertilizer and copper preparations on the leaves in sequence after ring barking.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ring barking includes ring barking at the main trunk 30 to 40 cm from the ground, the width of the ring barking is 1 cm, and the depth reaches the wood part.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of spraying of the nitrogen fertilizer is the same as that of the copper preparation, both of which are not less than 2 times.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The nitrogen fertilizer includes a high nitrogen fertilizer with a nitrogen content higher than 50%.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The copper preparation is sprayed 1 to 2 days after the nitrogen fertilizer is sprayed.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The copper preparation is sprayed once every 10 days during the outbreak of ulcer disease, and the spraying is not less than 2 times.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The copper formulation was sprayed while the trees were wet.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The copper preparation comprises any one or more combinations of the following: quinoline copper, copper hydroxide and copper oxychloride.

9. The method according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The formulation includes a combination of copper hydroxide and copper quinolate.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The working concentration of the quinoline copper is 1.5 mM, the working concentration of copper hydroxide is 12 mM, and the working concentration of copper oxychloride is 6 mM.

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