Regeneration method of aluminum-silicon alloy, regenerated silicon-aluminum alloy and iron-rich phase alloy

Abstract

The invention provides a regeneration method of an aluminum-silicon alloy, a regenerated silicon-aluminum alloy and an iron-rich phase alloy. The regeneration method comprises the steps that S1, raw materials of the aluminum-silicon alloy are smelted, and a first melt is obtained; s2, an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and an aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy are added into the first melt, and a second melt is obtained; the second melt contains Fe element, Mn element and Cr element; s3, refining treatment is conducted on the second melt, and a third melt is obtained; and S4, the third melt is added into a casting mold, mechanical vibration is conducted on the casting mold under the vibration condition so that the third melt can be solidified, and the regenerated aluminum-silicon alloy and the iron-rich phase alloy are obtained. Vibration equipment is used for applying a vibration field to the casting mold, and meanwhile, the proportion of alloy elements and the smelting process are accurately controlled in a matched mode, so that preparation of the low-iron secondary aluminum-silicon alloy is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloys, and in particular to a method for regenerating an aluminum-silicon alloy, a regenerated silicon-aluminum alloy, and an iron-rich phase alloy. Background Art

[0002] Recycled aluminum silicon alloy is an alloy material made by recycling waste aluminum and silicon materials through smelting, refining and other processes. This alloy usually contains aluminum (Al) and silicon (Si) as the main elements, and may also contain small amounts of other elements such as copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), etc. Recycled aluminum silicon alloy is widely used in the automotive, aviation, construction and other industries due to its recyclability and cost-effectiveness.

[0003] In the production process of recycled aluminum silicon alloy, iron removal is a technical difficulty. Iron (Fe) is a common impurity element that reduces the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the alloy. In aluminum silicon alloy, the presence of iron will lead to a decrease in the strength and ductility of the alloy, so its content needs to be controlled at a low level. However, due to the high iron content that may be contained in scrap aluminum and the possible introduction of iron from iron auxiliary tools during the smelting process, the iron removal process is challenging.

[0004] The methods for removing iron from regenerated aluminum silicon alloy in the prior art mainly include: physical method, that is, removing iron particles from molten aluminum by mechanical stirring and filtering. This method is suitable for larger iron particles, but has limited effect on iron dissolved in aluminum. Chemical method, that is, using chemical reagents, such as chlorides or fluorides, to react with iron to form insoluble compounds, which are then removed by precipitation or filtration. And electromagnetic separation commonly used in industry, that is, using the effect of electromagnetic fields to separate ferromagnetic particles from aluminum melt. This method can be operated continuously and is suitable for large-scale production. However, in the current process of removing iron from aluminum silicon alloy to prepare regenerated aluminum silicon alloy, there are generally problems of low iron removal efficiency, low yield of regenerated aluminum silicon alloy and low purity, and it is also not feasible for industrialization due to high preparation costs.

[0005] Based on this, how to provide a regeneration method for effectively removing iron from aluminum silicon alloy and preparing aluminum silicon alloy with high yield and high purity is one of the important technical problems to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for regenerating aluminum-silicon alloy, a regenerated silicon-aluminum alloy and an iron-rich phase alloy, so as to solve the problem that it is difficult to effectively remove iron from aluminum-silicon alloy in the prior art, and to prepare regenerated aluminum-silicon alloy and iron-rich phase alloy with high yield and high purity.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for regenerating an aluminum-silicon alloy, comprising: step S1, smelting the raw material of the aluminum-silicon alloy to obtain a first melt; step S2, adding an aluminum-manganese master alloy and an aluminum-chromium master alloy to the first melt to obtain a second melt; the second melt contains Fe element, Mn element and Cr element, and the weight ratio of the Fe element, the Mn element and the Cr element is 1: (0.5-2.0): (0.5-1.0); step S3, refining the second melt to obtain a third melt; step S4, adding the third melt to a casting mold, and mechanically vibrating the casting mold under vibration conditions with a vibration frequency of 10 Hz to 200 Hz and an amplitude of 0.01 mm to 1 mm to solidify the third melt to obtain a regenerated aluminum-silicon alloy and an iron-rich phase alloy.

[0008] Furthermore, the vibration frequency is 100 Hz to 200 Hz, and the amplitude is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm; preferably, the mechanical vibration time is 5 min to 15 min.

[0009] Further, in step S4, when added into the casting mold, the temperature of the third melt is 580°C to 660°C.

[0010] Furthermore, before adding the third melt into the casting mold, step S4 also includes baking the casting mold at a baking temperature of 100°C to 300°C.

[0011] Furthermore, in terms of weight percentage, the aluminum-silicon alloy raw material includes 6.0 wt.% to 15.0 wt.% Si and 0.8 wt.% to 1.2 wt.% Fe.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S1, the smelting temperature is 700°C to 800°C.

[0013] Furthermore, step S2 also includes keeping the second melt warm at a temperature of 700° C. to 800° C. for a time of 30 min to 60 min.

[0014] Furthermore, the refining treatment includes: adding a refining agent to the second melt, and refining and degassing at 700°C to 780°C for 15min to 30min to obtain a third melt; preferably, based on the total weight of the second melt as 100%, the amount of the refining agent added is 0.5% to 2.0%.

[0015] The second aspect of the present invention provides a recycled aluminum-silicon alloy, which is prepared by the above-mentioned aluminum-silicon alloy regeneration method, and the components of the recycled aluminum-silicon alloy include, by weight percentage: 6.0wt.% to 15.0wt.% Si, 0 to 0.6wt.% Fe, 0 to 1.0wt.% Mn, 0 to 0.5wt.% Cr, 0 to 3.5wt.% Cu, 0 to 4.0wt.% Mg, 0 to 3.0wt.% Zn, 0 to 3.0wt.% Ni, 0 to 1.0wt.% Ti, 0 to 0.1wt.% unavoidable impurity elements, and the rest is Al.

[0016] The third aspect of the present invention provides an iron-rich phase alloy, which is prepared by the above-mentioned aluminum-silicon alloy regeneration method, and the metallographic structure of the iron-rich phase alloy includes an iron-rich phase, and the area of ​​the iron-rich phase in the metallographic structure of the iron-rich phase alloy accounts for 50% to 70%.

[0017] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, a vibration field is applied to the casting mold using a vibration device, and the primary iron-rich phase in the mold is vibrated by adjusting the amplitude and frequency to break the improper overlapping state of the primary iron-rich phase deposition layer. By precisely controlling the proportion of alloying elements and the smelting process, the preparation of low-iron recycled aluminum-silicon alloy is achieved, and the obtained recycled aluminum-silicon alloy and iron-rich phase alloy have a high yield. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a metallographic structure photograph of the iron-rich alloy obtained in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a metallographic photograph of the iron-rich phase alloy obtained in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0022] As described in the background technology, it is difficult to effectively remove iron from aluminum silicon alloys and prepare recycled aluminum silicon alloys and iron-rich phase alloys with high yield and high purity in the prior art. In order to solve the above technical problems, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloys, comprising: step S1, smelting the raw materials of aluminum silicon alloy to obtain a first melt; step S2, adding aluminum-manganese master alloy and aluminum-chromium master alloy to the first melt to obtain a second melt; the second melt contains Fe element, Mn element and Cr element, and the weight ratio of Fe element, the Mn element and the Cr element is 1: (0.5-2.0): (0.5-1.0); step S3, refining the second melt to obtain a third melt; step S4, adding the third melt to a casting mold, and mechanically vibrating the casting mold under vibration conditions of a vibration frequency of 10Hz-200Hz and an amplitude of 0.01mm-1mm to solidify the third melt to obtain recycled aluminum silicon alloys and iron-rich phase alloys.

[0023] The method provided by the present invention effectively improves the microstructure of the recycled aluminum silicon alloy and improves the performance of the alloy by accurately controlling the proportion of alloy elements and the smelting process, combined with mechanical vibration solidification technology. Specifically, by adding aluminum manganese and aluminum chromium master alloys and controlling their proportions, the distribution of Fe, Mn, and Cr elements in the alloy can be optimized to form a more stable alloy phase. At the same time, the application of mechanical vibration in the solidification process helps to refine the grains, remove bubbles inside the melt, promote light inclusions to float from the melt to the liquid surface, reduce casting defects, and improve the mechanical properties and casting properties of the alloy. Specifically, under the action of vibration, the primary iron-rich phases formed by the melt during the solidification process fill the gaps (spaces) with each other, densify the primary iron-rich phase deposition layer, reduce the height of the primary iron-rich phase deposition layer, thereby increasing the quality of the available low-iron recycled aluminum silicon alloy and significantly improving its yield.

[0024] In particular, in the prior art, aluminum silicon alloy is deironed to prepare a recycled aluminum silicon alloy with a low iron content. The principle is to use the added elements such as manganese, chromium, and boron to react with the iron element in the melt to generate a primary iron-rich phase. Since the density of the primary iron-rich phase is heavier than that of the aluminum melt, it will naturally settle in the aluminum melt and form a primary iron-rich phase deposition layer at the bottom of the mold, thereby reducing the iron content in the aluminum melt. After the aluminum melt solidifies, an ingot is formed, which is divided into two parts: one is the primary iron-rich deposition layer at the bottom, and the other is a low-iron recycled aluminum silicon alloy. By cutting off the primary iron-rich deposition layer at the bottom of the ingot, a low-iron recycled aluminum silicon alloy can be obtained. Under the same iron removal rate and ingot height, the lower the height of the primary iron-rich deposition layer, the more low-iron recycled aluminum silicon alloy can be obtained, that is, the higher the yield. However, the formation of the primary iron-rich phase is affected by the temperature of the aluminum melt, and there is a phenomenon of sequential formation. In addition, the primary iron-rich phase usually presents irregular shapes such as polyhedron, star, and dendrite, which results in a spatial overlap between the primary iron-rich phase that naturally settles to the bottom of the mold first and the primary iron-rich phase that naturally settles later, and lacks a tight bond. Therefore, the formed primary iron-rich phase deposition layer usually presents a loose and non-dense structure, resulting in a high height of the primary iron-rich phase deposition layer, and thus relatively less low-iron recycled aluminum-silicon alloy can be obtained.

[0025] On the basis of the above, the present invention strictly controls the vibration frequency of the vibration platform to 10Hz to 200Hz and the amplitude to 0.01mm to 1mm, so as to better vibrate all the substances in the aluminum melt, especially to form a primary iron-rich phase in a spatial overlapping state under natural sedimentation. There are many gaps between these primary iron-rich phases (filled with aluminum melt). Under the action of vibration, the iron-rich phases undergo irregular deflection, resulting in the destruction of the overlapping state between the iron-rich phases. At this time, since the melt has not solidified, the iron-rich phases in the deposited layer undergo secondary deposition, and the iron-rich phases are adapted to each other through morphology, thereby forming a denser spatial overlapping state, obtaining a denser iron-rich phase deposition layer with a smaller volume share, and ultimately significantly improving the purity and yield of the resulting recycled aluminum silicon alloy.

[0026] In addition, the introduction of refining treatment further purifies the alloy melt, reduces the content of gas and impurities, and ensures the high quality of the recycled aluminum-silicon alloy. The recycled aluminum-silicon alloy prepared by this method not only has good mechanical properties, but also realizes the recycling of resources, which is of great significance to environmental protection and sustainable development.

[0027] In several typical implementations, the inventors have optimized the vibration frequency of the vibration platform to be 100Hz to 200Hz and the amplitude to be 0.1mm to 0.5mm after a large number of experiments. Under these optimized vibration parameters, the separation degree between the primary iron-rich phase and the aluminum melt is more significantly improved, and the gaps between the primary iron-rich phases are more fully filled, and the grain refinement effect during the solidification process is more obvious, which can further improve the yield and purity of the recycled aluminum-silicon alloy. At the same time, the mechanical vibration time is preferably 5min to 15min, so as to further improve the separation degree, promote the deposition of the iron-rich phase and improve the purity of the recycled aluminum-silicon alloy.

[0028] In order to promote the formation of as much primary iron-rich phase as possible in the third melt, thereby improving the iron removal rate and increasing the purity and yield of the resulting recycled aluminum-silicon alloy, in step S4, the temperature of the third melt is preferably 580°C to 660°C, more preferably 590°C to 640°C when added to the casting mold.

[0029] Furthermore, before adding the third melt to the casting mold, step S4 also includes baking the casting mold at a temperature of 100° C. to 300° C. By baking the casting mold, moisture and impurities inside the mold can be removed, the purity of the internal structure of the alloy melt can be improved, and it is also more conducive to regulating the initial casting temperature and cooling rate of the third melt, so as to better cooperate with mechanical vibration, and further improve the yield and purity of the obtained recycled aluminum-silicon alloy.

[0030] The selection of aluminum-silicon alloy raw materials is not limited, and in several typical embodiments, the aluminum-silicon alloy raw materials include 6.0wt.% to 15.0wt.% Si and 0.8wt.% to 1.2wt.% Fe by weight percentage. Preferably, the aluminum-silicon alloy raw materials include 6.0wt.% to 12.0wt.% Si and 0.8wt.% to 1.2wt.% Fe by weight percentage.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S1, the smelting temperature is 700° C. to 800° C. Smelting within this temperature range can achieve complete melting more quickly, dissolve various elements in the aluminum-silicon alloy raw material more effectively, and promote uniform distribution of elements, so as to better cooperate with subsequent element dosage control and mechanical vibration steps, and improve the yield and purity of the obtained recycled aluminum-silicon alloy.

[0032] In several typical embodiments, in order to further promote the uniform diffusion of alloy elements in the second melt, reduce segregation during solidification, improve the uniformity of the microstructure of the resulting regenerated aluminum-silicon alloy, especially enhance the separation effect of the iron-rich phase, and thereby reduce the iron content of the regenerated aluminum-silicon alloy, preferably step S2 also includes keeping the second melt warm at a temperature of 700°C to 800°C for 30 min to 60 min.

[0033] In order to more significantly remove impurities, the refining treatment further includes: adding a refining agent to the second melt, and refining and degassing at 700°C to 780°C for 15min to 30min to obtain a third melt. At the same time, preferably, the amount of the refining agent added is 0.5% to 2.0% based on the total weight of the second melt as 100%, thereby more effectively removing gas and impurities in the second melt and improving the purity of the recycled aluminum-silicon alloy.

[0034] The second aspect of the present invention provides a recycled aluminum silicon alloy, which is prepared by the above-mentioned aluminum silicon alloy regeneration method, and the components of the recycled aluminum silicon alloy include, by weight percentage: 6.0wt.% to 15.0wt.% Si, 0 to 0.6wt.% Fe, 0 to 1.0wt.% Mn, 0 to 0.5wt.% Cr, 0 to 3.5wt.% Cu, 0 to 4.0wt.% Mg, 0 to 3.0wt.% Zn, 0 to 3.0wt.% Ni, 0 to 1.0wt.% Ti, 0 to 0.1wt.% inevitable impurity elements, and the rest is Al. The recycled aluminum silicon alloy prepared by this method not only realizes the recycling of resources with a high yield rate, but also has a positive effect on reducing resource waste and environmental pollution. More importantly, the content of Fe element is significantly reduced, which can meet the requirements of high strength and high corrosion resistance, so as to be more convenient for application in various fields. It should be noted that due to the particularity of the alloy field and the limitations of existing testing and characterization methods, it is difficult to conduct a comprehensive quantitative characterization of the complex microstructure of the recycled aluminum-silicon alloy material obtained above, but experiments show that the recycled aluminum-silicon alloy material obtained in this application can meet application requirements well under the condition of low iron content.

[0035] In several preferred embodiments, the components of the recycled aluminum-silicon alloy include, by weight percentage: 6.9wt.% to 11.6wt.% Si, 0.2wt.% to 0.6wt.% Fe, 0.4wt.% to 0.8wt.% Mn, 0.1wt.% to 0.5wt.% Cr, 0.3wt.% to 3.5wt.% Cu, 0.1wt.% to 1.1wt.% Mg, 0.05wt.% to 3.0wt.% Zn, 0.01wt.% to 1.00wt.% Ni, 0.01wt.% to 0.05wt.% Ti, 0wt.% to 0.1wt.% of inevitable impurity elements, and the rest is Al. The recycled aluminum-silicon alloy with the above composition has more superior comprehensive performance and can better meet the application requirements of various fields.

[0036] The third aspect of the present invention provides an iron-rich phase alloy, which is prepared by the above-mentioned aluminum-silicon alloy regeneration method, and the metallographic structure of the iron-rich phase alloy includes an iron-rich phase, and the area of ​​the iron-rich phase in the metallographic structure of the iron-rich phase alloy accounts for 50% to 70%. Of course, in addition to the content of the iron-rich phase, the microstructure of the iron-rich phase alloy cannot be fully characterized due to the limitation of the test characterization means, so this application limits the iron-rich phase alloy to the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0037] According to the above preparation method, the aluminum silicon alloy is subjected to iron removal and regeneration. In addition to obtaining the regenerated aluminum silicon alloy with high yield and high purity, the separated iron-rich phase alloy contains a high content of iron-rich phase. The iron-rich phase within this content range can make the iron-rich phase alloy have higher hardness and wear resistance, and can also be used as a raw material for intermediate alloys or high entropy alloys, so that it can be well applied in various fields, thereby improving the overall application value of the preparation method provided by the present invention, including the product added value of the regenerated aluminum silicon alloy prepared thereby.

[0038] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. These embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed in the present application.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all professional terms used below have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0042] Step S1, smelting the aluminum-silicon alloy raw material in a smelting furnace at a smelting temperature of 760° C. to obtain a first melt, sampling for chemical composition analysis, wherein the silicon content is 7.04wt.%, and the iron content is 0.96wt.%;

[0043] Step S2, adding aluminum-manganese master alloy and aluminum-chromium master alloy to the first melt, and after the additional addition, obtaining a second melt, wherein the total amount of manganese element is 1.92wt.%, and the total amount of chromium element is 0.64wt.% (at this time, the weight ratio of Fe element, Mn element and Cr element is 1:2:0.67), and then keeping the second melt at 760°C for 40min;

[0044] Step S3, adding 1% of the total weight of the second melt as a refining agent, refining and degassing at 760° C. for 15 minutes, cleaning the scum on the aluminum liquid, and obtaining a third melt;

[0045] Step S4, bake the mold to 200°C and place it on a vibration platform, and fix it with a locking device. Pour the third melt at a temperature of 640°C into the mold, turn on the vibration platform, and vibrate the mold and the aluminum melt in the mold at a vibration frequency of 100 Hz, an amplitude of 0.5 mm, and a vibration time of 15 minutes. During the mechanical vibration process, the third melt gradually solidifies, and the mold is demolded to obtain an ingot.

[0046] Cut off the primary iron-rich phase deposition layer at the tail of the ingot, that is, the iron-rich phase alloy, and its metallographic structure photo is shown in Figure 1 At the same time, a recycled low-iron aluminum-silicon alloy is obtained, and its composition is shown in Table 1.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0049] Step S1, smelting the aluminum-silicon alloy raw material in a smelting furnace at a smelting temperature of 700° C. to obtain a first melt, sampling for chemical composition analysis, wherein the silicon content is 6.95wt.%, and the iron content is 1.02wt.%;

[0050] Step S2, adding aluminum-manganese master alloy and aluminum-chromium master alloy to the first melt, and after the additional addition, obtaining a second melt, wherein the total amount of manganese element is 1.54wt.%, and the total amount of chromium element is 0.95wt.% (at this time, the weight ratio of Fe element, Mn element and Cr element is 1:1.51:0.93); then keeping the second melt at 700°C for 60min;

[0051] Step S3, adding 0.5% of the total weight of the second melt as a refining agent, refining and degassing at 700° C. for 15 minutes, cleaning the scum on the aluminum liquid, and obtaining a third melt;

[0052] Step S4, bake the mold to 200°C and place it on a vibration platform, and fix it with a locking device. Pour the third melt at a temperature of 640°C into the mold, turn on the vibration platform, and vibrate the mold and the aluminum melt in the mold at a vibration frequency of 100 Hz, an amplitude of 0.5 mm, and a vibration time of 15 minutes. During the mechanical vibration process, the third melt gradually solidifies, and the mold is demolded to obtain an ingot.

[0053] The primary iron-rich phase deposition layer at the tail of the ingot is cut off to obtain an iron-rich phase alloy. At the same time, a regenerated low-iron aluminum-silicon alloy is obtained, and its composition is shown in Table 1.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] Step S1, smelting the aluminum-silicon alloy raw material in a smelting furnace at a smelting temperature of 800° C. to obtain a first melt, sampling for chemical composition analysis, wherein the silicon content is 9.32wt.%, and the iron content is 0.94wt.%;

[0056] Step S2, adding aluminum-manganese master alloy and aluminum-chromium master alloy to the first melt, and after the additional addition, obtaining a second melt, wherein the total amount of manganese element is 1.74wt.%, and the total amount of chromium element is 0.78wt.% (at this time, the weight ratio of Fe element, Mn element and Cr element is 1:1.85:0.83); then keeping the second melt at 800°C for 30 minutes;

[0057] Step S3, adding 2% of the total weight of the second melt as a refining agent, refining and degassing at 720° C. for 30 minutes, cleaning the scum on the aluminum liquid, and obtaining a third melt;

[0058] Step S4, bake the mold to 200°C and place it on a vibration platform, and fix it with a locking device. Pour the third melt at a temperature of 600°C into the mold, turn on the vibration platform, and vibrate the mold and the aluminum melt in the mold at a vibration frequency of 200 Hz, an amplitude of 0.5 mm, and a vibration time of 3 minutes. During the mechanical vibration process, the third melt gradually solidifies, and the mold is demolded to obtain an ingot.

[0059] The primary iron-rich phase deposition layer at the tail of the ingot is cut off to obtain an iron-rich phase alloy. At the same time, a regenerated low-iron aluminum-silicon alloy is obtained, and its composition is shown in Table 1.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0062] Step S1, smelting the aluminum-silicon alloy raw material in a smelting furnace at a smelting temperature of 760° C. to obtain a first melt, sampling for chemical composition analysis, wherein the silicon content is 11.24wt.%, and the iron content is 0.92wt.%;

[0063] Step S2, adding aluminum-manganese master alloy and aluminum-chromium master alloy to the first melt, and after the additional addition, obtaining a second melt, wherein the total amount of manganese element is 1.45wt.%, and the total amount of chromium element is 0.52wt.% (at this time, the weight ratio of Fe element, Mn element and Cr element is 1:1.58:0.57); then keeping the second melt at 760°C for 40 minutes;

[0064] Step S3, adding 1% of the total weight of the second melt as a refining agent, refining and degassing at 760° C. for 15 minutes, cleaning the scum on the aluminum liquid, and obtaining a third melt;

[0065] Step S4, bake the mold to 300°C and place it on a vibration platform, and fix it with a locking device. Pour the third melt at a temperature of 590°C into the mold, turn on the vibration platform, and vibrate the mold and the aluminum melt in the mold at a vibration frequency of 100 Hz, an amplitude of 0.1 mm, and a vibration time of 15 minutes. During the mechanical vibration process, the third melt gradually solidifies, and the mold is demolded to obtain an ingot.

[0066] The primary iron-rich phase deposition layer at the tail of the ingot is cut off to obtain an iron-rich phase alloy. At the same time, a regenerated low-iron aluminum-silicon alloy is obtained, and its composition is shown in Table 1.

[0067] Example 5

[0068] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0069] Step S1, smelting the aluminum-silicon alloy raw material in a smelting furnace at a smelting temperature of 760° C. to obtain a first melt, sampling for chemical composition analysis, wherein the silicon content is 11.54wt.%, and the iron content is 0.92wt.%;

[0070] Step S2, adding aluminum-manganese master alloy and aluminum-chromium master alloy to the first melt, and after the additional addition, obtaining a second melt, wherein the total amount of manganese element is 1.82wt.%, and the total amount of chromium element is 0.89wt.% (at this time, the weight ratio of Fe element, Mn element and Cr element is 1:1.98:0.97); then keeping the second melt at 760°C for 40 minutes;

[0071] Step S3, adding 1% of the total weight of the second melt as a refining agent, refining and degassing at 760° C. for 15 minutes, cleaning the scum on the aluminum liquid, and obtaining a third melt;

[0072] Step S4, bake the mold to 300°C and place it on a vibration platform, and fix it with a locking device. Pour the third melt at a temperature of 590°C into the mold, turn on the vibration platform, and vibrate the mold and the aluminum melt in the mold at a vibration frequency of 200 Hz, an amplitude of 0.5 mm, and a vibration time of 15 minutes. During the mechanical vibration process, the third melt gradually solidifies, and the mold is demolded to obtain an ingot.

[0073] The primary iron-rich phase deposition layer at the tail of the ingot is cut off to obtain an iron-rich phase alloy. At the same time, a regenerated low-iron aluminum-silicon alloy is obtained, and its composition is shown in Table 1.

[0074] Example 6

[0075] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0076] Step S1, smelting the aluminum-silicon alloy raw material in a smelting furnace at a smelting temperature of 760° C. to obtain a first melt, sampling for chemical composition analysis, wherein the silicon content is 7.32wt.%, and the iron content is 0.95wt.%;

[0077] Step S2, adding aluminum-manganese master alloy and aluminum-chromium master alloy to the first melt, and after the additional addition, obtaining a second melt, wherein the total amount of manganese element is 1.83wt.%, and the total amount of chromium element is 0.57wt.% (at this time, the weight ratio of Fe element, Mn element and Cr element is 1:1.93:0.6); then keeping the second melt at 760°C for 40min;

[0078] Step S3, adding 1% of the total weight of the second melt as a refining agent, refining and degassing at 760° C. for 15 minutes, cleaning the scum on the aluminum liquid, and obtaining a third melt;

[0079] Step S4, bake the mold to 100°C and place it on a vibration platform, and fix it with a locking device. Pour the third melt at a temperature of 640°C into the mold, turn on the vibration platform, and vibrate the mold and the aluminum melt in the mold at a vibration frequency of 50 Hz, an amplitude of 0.05 mm, and a vibration time of 15 minutes. During the mechanical vibration process, the third melt gradually solidifies, and the mold is demolded to obtain an ingot.

[0080] The primary iron-rich phase deposition layer at the tail of the ingot is cut off to obtain an iron-rich phase alloy. At the same time, a regenerated low-iron aluminum-silicon alloy is obtained, and its composition is shown in Table 1.

[0081] Example 7

[0082] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0083] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the vibration frequency in step S4 is changed to 80 Hz, the amplitude is changed to 0.8 mm, and the other condition parameters remain unchanged.

[0084] Example 8

[0085] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0086] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S4, the temperature of the third melt when poured into the mold is changed to 550° C., and the other condition parameters remain unchanged.

[0087] Example 9

[0088] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0089] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S4, the baking temperature is changed so that the temperature of the mold is changed to 350°C.

[0090] Example 10

[0091] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0092] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S2, the insulation condition for the second melt is changed to: insulation at 680°C for 100 minutes.

[0093] Comparative Example 1

[0094] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0095] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in step S4, the mold is not subjected to vibration treatment, but the third melt is allowed to cool and solidify naturally in a static state, and then demolded to obtain an ingot.

[0096] Cut off the primary iron-rich phase deposition layer at the tail of the ingot, that is, the iron-rich phase alloy, and its metallographic structure photo is shown in Figure 2 At the same time, a recycled low-iron aluminum-silicon alloy is obtained, and its composition is shown in Table 1.

[0097] Comparative Example 2

[0098] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0099] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the amplitude in step S4 is changed to 3 mm, and the other condition parameters remain unchanged.

[0100] Compared with Example 1, the amplitude applied by the vibration platform of the comparative example is too large, which causes the aluminum melt and the primary iron-rich phase inside the mold to roll violently, which is not conducive to filling the gaps between the primary iron-rich phases.

[0101] Comparative Example 3

[0102] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0103] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the vibration frequency in step S4 is changed to 5 Hz, and the other condition parameters remain unchanged.

[0104] Compared with Example 1, the small oscillation frequency in this comparative example is not conducive to the primary iron-rich phase filling the gap.

[0105] Comparative Example 4

[0106] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0107] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the vibration frequency in step S4 is changed to 10 Hz, and the other condition parameters remain unchanged.

[0108] Comparative Example 5

[0109] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0110] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the addition amounts of the aluminum-manganese master alloy and the aluminum-chromium master alloy in step S2 are changed so that after the additional additions, the total amount of manganese element in the second melt is 0.38wt.%, and the total amount of chromium element is 1.15wt.%.

[0111] At this time, the weight ratio of the Fe element, the Mn element, and the Cr element is 1:0.4:1.2.

[0112] Comparative Example 6

[0113] A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy:

[0114] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the addition amounts of the aluminum-manganese master alloy and the aluminum-chromium master alloy in step S2 are changed so that after the additional additions, the total amount of manganese element in the second melt is 3.4wt.%, and the total amount of chromium element is 0.39wt.%.

[0115] At this time, the weight ratio of the Fe element, the Mn element, and the Cr element is 1:3.5:0.4.

[0116] In this comparative example, although the area of ​​the iron-rich phase in the obtained iron-rich phase alloy microstructure accounts for a relatively high proportion, the manganese content in the recycled aluminum-silicon alloy obtained after iron removal is also too high due to the excessively high manganese content. At the same time, due to the low iron content, manganese exists in the form of impurities. Excessive manganese impurities seriously affect the performance of the recycled aluminum-silicon alloy, making it difficult to meet its application requirements and having no practical application significance.

[0117] Table 1 shows the composition of the recycled low-iron aluminum-silicon alloys obtained in various examples and comparative examples.

[0118] Table 1

[0119]

[0120]

[0121] Test Method

[0122] The area ratio of the iron-rich phase in the obtained iron-rich phase alloy metallographic structure is tested by optical microscopy, and its evaluation and calculation are carried out in accordance with GB / T 13298-2015 "Methods for Examination of Metal Microstructures".

[0123] The recovery rate of the recycled aluminum-silicon alloy is calculated by the following formula: Recovery rate of recycled aluminum-silicon alloy = (weight of recycled aluminum-silicon alloy / total weight of ingot) × 100%.

[0124] The above tests were carried out on each embodiment and comparative example, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0125] Table 2

[0126]

[0127]

[0128] From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention achieve an effective improvement in the yield of recycled low-iron aluminum-silicon alloy. At the same time, the preparation method is simple to operate, has low equipment investment, and is highly practical, making the preparation of low-iron recycled aluminum-silicon alloy industrially feasible.

[0129] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those described herein, for example.

[0130] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for regenerating aluminum silicon alloy, characterized in that: include: Step S1, smelting the raw material of the aluminum-silicon alloy to obtain a first melt; Step S2, adding aluminum-manganese master alloy and aluminum-chromium master alloy to the first melt to obtain a second melt; the second melt contains Fe element, Mn element and Cr element, and the weight ratio of the Fe element, the Mn element and the Cr element is 1: (0.5-2.0): (0.5-1.0); Step S3, refining the second melt to obtain a third melt; Step S4, adding the third melt into a casting mold, and mechanically vibrating the casting mold under vibration conditions of a vibration frequency of 10 Hz to 200 Hz and an amplitude of 0.01 mm to 1 mm to solidify the third melt to obtain a recycled aluminum-silicon alloy and an iron-rich phase alloy.

2. The method for regenerating aluminum-silicon alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration frequency is 100 Hz to 200 Hz, and the amplitude is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm; Preferably, the mechanical vibration time is 5 min to 15 min.

3. The method for regenerating aluminum-silicon alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step S4, when added into the casting mold, the temperature of the third melt is 580°C to 660°C.

4. The method for regenerating an aluminum-silicon alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Before adding the third melt into the casting mold, step S4 further comprises baking the casting mold at a temperature of 100°C to 300°C.

5. The method for regenerating an aluminum-silicon alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In terms of weight percentage, the aluminum-silicon alloy raw material includes 6.0wt.% to 15.0wt.% Si and 0.8wt.% to 1.2wt.% Fe.

6. The method for regenerating an aluminum-silicon alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the smelting temperature is 700°C to 800°C.

7. The method for regenerating an aluminum-silicon alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Step S2 also includes keeping the second melt warm at a temperature of 700° C. to 800° C. for a time of 30 min to 60 min.

8. The method for regenerating an aluminum-silicon alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The refining treatment comprises: adding a refining agent to the second melt, and refining and degassing at 700° C. to 780° C. for 15 min to 30 min to obtain the third melt; Preferably, based on 100% of the total weight of the second melt, the amount of the refining agent added is 0.5% to 2.0%.

9. A recycled aluminum-silicon alloy, characterized in that: The recycled aluminum-silicon alloy is prepared by the recycling method of the aluminum-silicon alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the components of the recycled aluminum-silicon alloy include, by weight percentage: 6.0wt.% to 15.0wt.% Si, 0 to 0.6wt.% Fe, 0 to 1.0wt.% Mn, 0 to 0.5wt.% Cr, 0 to 3.5wt.% Cu, 0 to 4.0wt.% Mg, 0 to 3.0wt.% Zn, 0 to 3.0wt.% Ni, 0 to 1.0wt.% Ti, 0 to 0.1wt.% unavoidable impurity elements, and the rest is Al.

10. An iron-rich phase alloy, characterized in that: The iron-rich phase alloy is prepared by the aluminum-silicon alloy regeneration method described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the metallographic structure of the iron-rich phase alloy includes an iron-rich phase, and the area of ​​the iron-rich phase in the metallographic structure of the iron-rich phase alloy accounts for 50% to 70%.

Images