Automatic soil sampling device for sinking of circular single-bin open caisson and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a circular single-bin open caisson sinking automatic soil taking device and a using method thereof. An open caisson opening is provided with a circular track, the two ends of a radial single beam are connected to the circular track in a bridging mode, a track driving device drives the radial single beam to rotate along the circular track, and an electric hoist driving device drives an electric hoist to move in the length direction of the radial single beam; the electric hoist drives the soil taking mechanism and the measuring mechanism to vertically move in the open caisson; the method comprises the steps of construction preparation, preparation operation, soil sampling operation, post-construction measurement, progress judgment and data analysis, sequential operation according to scales, measurement and establishment of a well bottom three-dimensional visual model. The problems that when a non-drainage sinking construction method is adopted in open caisson sinking construction, the number of needed workers is large, the mud flushing and sucking path is difficult to grasp, and the mud sucking time depends on the experience of constructors and divers are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of caisson sinking construction, and in particular to an automatic soil taking device for sinking a circular single-chamber caisson and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the process of pipe jacking construction, caisson sinking construction is an important part. According to the different geological conditions on site, caisson sinking construction can be divided into drainage sinking construction and non-drainage sinking construction.

[0003] In some projects where on-site geological drainage is difficult, undrained sinking construction is often used. The use of undrained sinking construction requires that the water level in the caisson be slightly higher than the groundwater level outside the well. In the traditional construction method, a milling cutter is used to excavate the bottom soil, and a high-pressure water gun is used to flush the sinking soil at the bottom of the caisson. The reduced soil exists in the form of mud in the well. At the same time, a sludge suction pump is set up to extract high-concentration mud. The sludge suction pump is stabilized by a simple buoy in the well. The effect of mud extraction and the movement of the milling cutter, sludge suction pump, and high-pressure water gun need to rely on divers to judge and operate. The traditional undrained sinking construction method uses a large number of manpower, and the mud flushing and suction path is difficult to accurately control, which can easily cause uneven settlement of the bottom of the caisson. The sludge suction time is mostly determined by the experience of the construction personnel. The construction quality cannot be accurately controlled. It involves underwater construction and has a high safety risk. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic soil-taking device for sinking a circular single-chamber caisson and a method of using the device, so as to solve the problems of requiring a large number of manpower when adopting a non-drainage sinking construction method in the caisson sinking construction, the mud flushing and suction path is difficult to grasp, and the mud suction time depends on the experience of the construction personnel and divers.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a circular single-bin caisson sinking automated earth-taking device, a circular track is provided at the caisson mouth, both ends of the radial single beam are bridged on the circular track, and its length direction passes through the center of the circular track, the track driving device drives the radial single beam to rotate along the circular track, and the radial single beam is provided with an electric hoist, an electric hoist driving device, an earth-taking mechanism and a measuring mechanism. The electric hoist driving device drives the electric hoist to move along the length direction of the radial single beam, and the electric hoist drives the earth-taking mechanism and the measuring mechanism to move vertically in the caisson for sucking mud and measuring the bottom working elevation.

[0006] In the preferred embodiment, the soil excavation mechanism includes a mud suction pump, a high-pressure water gun, and an end milling cutter. The upper end of the mud suction pump is connected to the lifting rope of the electric hoist, and the mud suction port at the lower end faces the bottom of the well. The mud suction port is also provided with an end milling cutter. High-pressure water guns are provided on both sides of the mud suction pump, and the injection ports thereof face the bottom of the well. The pump pipe of the mud suction pump extends from one side of the mud suction pump to the outside of the caisson.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring mechanism includes a measuring hammer and a measuring rope, the measuring hammer is connected to the electric hoist via the measuring rope, and the measuring hammer is a structure with a certain weight formed by welding a plurality of short steel bars.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring mechanism further comprises a measuring rope weight monitoring module and a measuring rope length measuring module, which are used to detect the change of the measuring rope weight and the length of the measuring rope.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, the track driving devices at both ends of the radial single beam are also provided with track travel encoders for measuring the travel angle position of the radial single beam; The electric hoist is also provided with a radial travel encoder for measuring the position of the electric hoist on the radial single beam.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, a main controller is also provided, and a track travel encoder, a radial travel encoder, a rope weight monitoring module, and a rope length measurement module are electrically connected to the main controller to drive the track drive device, the electric hoist, the electric hoist drive device and the soil-taking mechanism.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the circular track includes a track foundation with an I-shaped cross section, and the circular track is arranged at the caisson opening through the track foundation; Alternatively, the circular track is set at the caisson opening through a plurality of adjustable supports connected to the track foundation, the adjustable supports include a height adjustment mechanism, a radial adjustment mechanism and a track fixing mechanism, the adjustable supports are fixed to the ground at the caisson opening through ground anchors, and the adjustable supports are evenly arranged along the circumference of the circular track, and the number of the adjustable supports is at least three.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment, the height adjustment mechanism is connected to the ground anchor through the first oblong hole at one end of the base plate, one end of the rotating arm is rotatably connected to the other end of the base plate, one end is rotatably connected to one end of the top plate above the base plate, the middle part of the rotating arm is rotatably connected to the movable arm, and adjustment pins are provided at both ends of the rotating arm, and comb plates are provided on both sides of the upper surface of the base plate and the lower surface of the top plate, and the adjustment pins rest against the corresponding tooth grooves of the comb plates.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the radial adjustment mechanism includes a movable plate and a first stud bolt, and four second oblong holes are symmetrically arranged on the top plate. The four first stud bolts pass through the four corners of the movable plate and are connected to the top plate through the corresponding second oblong holes. The track fixing mechanism includes a tightening rod, a push rod support, a pressure plate and a second stud bolt. A push rod support is provided in the middle of the movable plate. The tightening rod is threadedly connected to the upper end of the push rod support, and one end passes through the push rod support and rests on one side of the web of the I-shaped structure of the track foundation. The pressure plate is a Z-shaped structure, one end of which rests on one side of the lower flange of the track foundation, and the other end is provided with a third oblong hole. The second stud bolt passes through the third oblong hole to press the lower flange of the track foundation between the pressure plate and the front end of the movable plate.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a method for using a circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil taking device comprises: S1. Construction preparation: Install and adjust a full set of circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil taking device; S2. Preparatory work: according to the size of the caisson and the working range of the earth-taking mechanism, the circular track is marked with minute scales, and the working time in each scale is set. The radial single beam is initially placed at scale 1. The electric hoist controls the earth-taking mechanism and the measuring mechanism to be lowered to the working position and suspended slightly above the working surface; S3, soil taking operation: the soil taking mechanism starts the operation, the main controller starts timing, the track travel encoder and the radial travel encoder record the electric hoist record the operation position; S4, post-work measurement: When the specified operation time arrives, the earth-taking mechanism stops working and the measurement mechanism starts working. The rope-measuring weight monitoring module obtains the hammer lowering status by detecting the sudden change of the weight data, and the rope-measuring length measurement module records the bottom elevation of the operation; S5. Process judgment: After the bottom elevation measurement is completed, the hammer is pulled up and down several times to determine whether the mud concentration is qualified according to the weight measured by the rope weight monitoring module. Based on this, it is decided whether to continue to suck mud or proceed to the next step; S6. Data analysis: Build a three-dimensional model based on the measured position information and bottom elevation information to visualize the bottom operation of the caisson; S7, the electric hoist moves radially along the radial single beam to the next operating point, and steps S2 to S6 are repeated; S8, after completing the operation of the radial single beam on one scale, the track driving device drives the radial single beam to move to the next scale; S9. Repeat steps S2 to S8 until the caisson is lowered.

[0015] The present invention provides an automatic soil-taking device for sinking a circular single-bin caisson and a method for using the device. A track drive device drives a radial single beam to rotate along a circular track at the caisson opening, an electric hoist drive device drives an electric hoist to move along the length direction of the radial single beam, and an electric hoist drives a soil-taking mechanism and a measuring mechanism to move vertically in the caisson. The track travel encoder and the radial travel encoder are used to obtain the operation point information, and the rope measuring weight monitoring module and the rope measuring length measurement module are used to obtain the operation height and operation effect information. A three-dimensional model is established to visualize the operation situation at the bottom of the caisson and automatically plan the operation steps. The use of an automated intelligent device can effectively save labor and improve construction efficiency. The mud flushing and mud suction paths are accurately controlled by a program, and a three-dimensional model is drawn in combination with measurement information. The operation situation at the bottom of the caisson can be intuitively viewed. The mud suction time is accurately grasped by the mud concentration to improve the construction quality. The problem that a large number of labor is required when a non-drainage sinking construction method is used in the caisson sinking construction, the mud flushing and mud suction paths are difficult to grasp, and the mud suction time depends on the experience of construction personnel and divers is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention from top view; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall construction plan structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is the structural diagram of the electric hoist of the present invention; Figure 4 It is the structural diagram of the soil taking mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the measuring hammer of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a diagram of the installation structure of the circular track and the adjustable support of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an axonometric structural diagram of the adjustable support installation point of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an axonometric structural diagram of the adjustable support in the explosion mode of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the adjustable support of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: circular track 1; track foundation 101; radial single beam 2; track drive device 3; electric hoist 4; electric hoist drive device 5; soil taking mechanism 6; mud suction pump 601; high-pressure water gun 602; end milling cutter 603; measuring mechanism 7; measuring hammer 701; measuring rope 702; track travel encoder 8; radial travel encoder 9; measuring rope hoisting weight monitoring module 10; measuring rope length measuring module 11; main controller 12; adjustable support 13; height adjustment mechanism 1301; bottom plate 1301 1; top plate 13012; rotating arm 13013; moving arm 13014; adjusting pin 13015; comb plate 13016; second oblong hole 13017; first oblong hole 13018; radial adjustment mechanism 1302; moving plate 13021; ​​first stud 13022; track fixing mechanism 1303; tightening rod 13031; top rod support 13032; pressure plate 13033; second stud 13034; third oblong hole 13035; ground anchor 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a circular single-chamber caisson sinking automated earth-taking device is provided, a circular track 1 is provided at the caisson mouth, two ends of a radial single beam 2 are bridged on the circular track 1, and its length direction passes through the center of the circular track 1, a track driving device 3 drives the radial single beam 2 to rotate along the circular track 1, an electric hoist 4, an electric hoist driving device 5, an earth-taking mechanism 6 and a measuring mechanism 7 are provided on the radial single beam 2, the electric hoist driving device 5 drives the electric hoist 4 to move along the length direction of the radial single beam 2, and the electric hoist 4 drives the earth-taking mechanism 6 and the measuring mechanism 7 to move vertically in the caisson for sucking mud and measuring the bottom working elevation.

[0019] In the preferred embodiment, the soil-taking mechanism 6 includes a mud suction pump 601, a high-pressure water gun 602, and an end milling cutter 603. The upper end of the mud suction pump 601 is connected to the lifting rope of the electric hoist 4, and the mud suction port at the lower end faces the bottom of the well. The mud suction port is also provided with an end milling cutter 603. High-pressure water guns 602 are provided on both sides of the mud suction pump 601, and the injection ports thereof face the bottom of the well. The pump pipe of the mud suction pump 601 extends from one side of the mud suction pump 601 to the outside of the caisson.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring mechanism 7 includes a measuring hammer 701 and a measuring rope 702. The measuring hammer 701 is connected to the electric hoist 4 via the measuring rope 702. The measuring hammer 701 is a structure with a certain weight formed by welding a plurality of short steel bars.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring mechanism 7 further includes a measuring rope weight monitoring module 10 and a measuring rope length measuring module 11, which are used to detect the weight change of the measuring rope 702 and the length of the measuring rope 702.

[0022] In the preferred embodiment, the track driving devices 3 at both ends of the radial single beam 2 are also provided with track travel encoders 8 for measuring the travel angle position of the radial single beam 2; The electric hoist 4 is also provided with a radial travel encoder 9 for measuring the position of the electric hoist 4 on the radial single beam 2 .

[0023] In the preferred embodiment, a main controller 12 is also provided, and a track travel encoder 8, a radial travel encoder 9, a rope measuring weight monitoring module 10, and a rope measuring length measuring module 11 are electrically connected to the main controller 12 to drive the track driving device 3, the electric hoist 4, the electric hoist driving device 5 and the soil taking mechanism 6 to operate.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the circular track 1 includes a track foundation 101 having an I-shaped cross section, and the circular track 1 is arranged at the caisson opening through the track foundation 101 .

[0025] The present invention uses a circular track 1 that matches the circular contour of the caisson opening as the construction basis, so that the sinking automatic drive device can cover the required working plane. At the same time, the gravity of the walking device on the radial single beam 2 is evenly distributed to the circular track 1 through bridging, avoiding the collapse of a certain wellhead. The overall device structure is simple and reliable, the driving mechanism is a common industrial driving device, the overall cost is low, and it is a structure that effectively saves labor and improves construction efficiency.

[0026] Example 2 Further illustrate with reference to Example 1, Figures 1 to 9 In the structure shown, the circular track 1 is set at the caisson mouth through a plurality of adjustable supports 13 connected to the track foundation 101, and the adjustable supports 13 include a height adjustment mechanism 1301, a radial adjustment mechanism 1302 and a track fixing mechanism 1303. The adjustable supports 13 are fixed to the ground at the caisson mouth through anchors 14. The adjustable supports 13 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the circular track 1, and the number of the adjustable supports 13 is at least three.

[0027] In the preferred embodiment, the height adjustment mechanism 1301 is connected to the ground anchor 14 through the first oblong hole 13018 at one end of the bottom plate 13011, one end of the rotating arm 13013 is rotatably connected to the other end of the bottom plate 13011, and one end is rotatably connected to one end of the top plate 13012 above the bottom plate 13011, the middle part of the rotating arm 13013 is rotatably connected to the movable arm 13014, and adjusting pins 13015 are provided at both ends of the rotating arm 13013, and comb plates 13016 are provided on both sides of the upper surface of the bottom plate 13011 and the lower surface of the top plate 13012, and the adjusting pins 13015 are abutted against the corresponding tooth grooves of the comb plate 13016.

[0028] In the preferred embodiment, the radial adjustment mechanism 1302 includes a moving plate 13021 and a first stud bolt 13022. Four second oblong holes 13017 are symmetrically provided on the top plate 13012. The four first stud bolts 13022 pass through the four corners of the moving plate 13021 and are connected to the top plate 13012 through the corresponding second oblong holes 13017. The track fixing mechanism 1303 includes a tightening rod 13031, a push rod support 13032, a pressure plate 13033 and a second stud bolt 13034. A push rod support 13032 is provided in the middle of the movable plate 13021. The tightening rod 13031 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the push rod support 13032, and one end passes through the push rod support 13032 and rests on one side of the web of the I-shaped structure of the track foundation 101. The pressure plate 13033 is a Z-shaped structure, one end of which rests on one side of the lower flange of the track foundation 101, and the other end is provided with a third oblong hole 13035. The second stud bolt 13034 passes through the third oblong hole 13035, and presses the lower flange of the track foundation 101 between the pressure plate 13033 and the front end of the movable plate 13021.

[0029] At least three adjustable supports 13 are used to set the circular track 1 above the caisson opening. Through the ground anchor 14 and the bottom plate 13011 of the height adjustment mechanism 1301, the pressure of the circular track 1 on the ground is dispersed to a farther concentric circle range to avoid crushing the loose soil at the caisson opening and prevent partial collapse of the opening.

[0030] The movable arm 13014 is moved so that the adjustment pin 13015 rests against the corresponding tooth groove of the comb plate 13016, and the top plate 13012 is lifted up and moved up accordingly. The multiple adjustable supports 13 are adjusted so that the top plate 13012 is on the same horizontal plane, avoiding the point measurement error caused by the inclination of the circular track 1.

[0031] The movable plate 13021 is fixed at the desired position on the top plate 13012 by the cooperation of four first stud bolts 13022 and four second oblong holes 13017, thereby controlling the spatial position of the circular track 1 at a certain point on the caisson mouth. Multiple movable plates 13021 jointly control the center of the circular track 1 to coincide with the center of the caisson mouth, or set the circular track 1 at a desired biased position.

[0032] The pressure plate 13033 can press the lower flange of the track foundation 101 of different sizes at different distances from the front end of the movable plate 13021 through the third oblong hole 13035 and the second stud bolt 13034. The clamping rod 13031 can adjust the distance between itself and the top rod support 13032 on the movable plate 13021 through thread adjustment, so that it can press the I-shaped structural web of the track foundation 101. The pressure plate 13033 and the clamping rod 13031 work together to fix the circular track 1 on the adjustable support 13, so that the adjustable support 13 can be suitable for fixing the circular track 1 used in the construction of circular caissons of different sizes. The device has a simple structure and reliable force, and is a fixed pressure divider with high flexibility.

[0033] Example 3 Further description is given in conjunction with Example 1 and Example 2. Figures 1 to 9 The structure shown is a method for using a circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil-taking device, the method comprising: S1. Construction preparation: Install and adjust a full set of circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil taking device; S2, preparatory work: according to the size of the caisson and the working range of the earth-taking mechanism 6, the circular track 1 is marked with a minute scale, and the working time in each scale is set. The radial single beam 2 is initially placed at the scale 1 position, and the electric hoist 4 controls the earth-taking mechanism 6 and the measuring mechanism 7 to be lowered to the working position and suspended slightly above the working surface; S3, soil taking operation: the soil taking mechanism 6 starts the operation, the main controller 12 starts timing, the track travel encoder 8 and the radial travel encoder 9 record the operation position of the electric hoist 4; S4, post-work measurement: When the specified operation time arrives, the soil taking mechanism 6 stops working, and the measuring mechanism 7 starts working. The rope-measuring weight monitoring module 10 obtains the lowering status of the measuring hammer 701 by detecting the sudden change of the weight data, and the rope-measuring length measuring module 304 records the bottom elevation of the operation; S5, process determination: after the bottom elevation measurement is completed, the hammer 701 is repeatedly pulled up and down, and the mud concentration is determined to be qualified according to the weight measured by the rope weight monitoring module 10, and it is determined whether to continue to suck mud or proceed to the next step based on this; S6. Data analysis: Build a three-dimensional model based on the measured position information and bottom elevation information to visualize the bottom operation of the caisson; S7, the electric hoist 4 moves radially along the radial single beam 2 to the next operating point, and steps S2 to S6 are repeated; S8, after completing the operation of the radial single beam 2 on one scale, the track driving device 3 drives the radial single beam 2 to move to the next scale; S9. Repeat steps S2 to S8 until the caisson is lowered.

[0034] Example 4 Further description is given in conjunction with Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3. Figures 1 to 9 The structure shown is a method for using a circular single-bin caisson sinking automatic soil-taking device. When the electric hoist 4 moves on the radial single beam 2, due to the large number of times it passes through the center of the circle, the main controller 12 sets the device operation time. The shorter the stay time near the center of the circle, the longer the operation time is the farther away from the center of the circle. In this case, the movement speed and trajectory of the electric hoist 4 are: The linear speed of the electric hoist is inversely proportional to the distance from the center of the circle:

[0035] Wherein v is the linear velocity of the electric hoist 4, r is the distance between the electric hoist 4 and the center of the circle, and k is a proportional constant.

[0036] The proportional constant k is related to the single-point operating area and operating efficiency of the soil taking mechanism 6.

[0037] The electric hoist 4 moves on the radial single beam 2, and its trajectory is a radial straight line centered on the center of the circle. In polar coordinates, the polar coordinate equation of this straight line is:

[0038] Where θ is the polar angle, and α is a constant representing the angle between the radial single beam 2 and the polar axis.

[0039] Converting polar coordinates into rectangular coordinates can more intuitively describe the trajectory of the electric hoist 4 on the plane:

[0040] Combined with the trajectory equation in polar coordinates , we can deduce the trajectory equation in rectangular coordinates as:

[0041] in is the slope of the line.

[0042] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil taking device, characterized by: A circular track (1) is provided at the caisson opening. Both ends of a radial single beam (2) are straddled on the circular track (1), and the length direction of the radial single beam (2) passes through the center of the circular track (1). A track driving device (3) drives the radial single beam (2) to rotate along the circular track (1). An electric hoist (4), an electric hoist driving device (5), a soil taking mechanism (6) and a measuring mechanism (7) are provided on the radial single beam (2). The electric hoist driving device (5) drives the electric hoist (4) to move along the length direction of the radial single beam (2). The electric hoist (4) drives the soil taking mechanism (6) and the measuring mechanism (7) to move vertically in the caisson for sucking mud and measuring the bottom operation elevation.

2. According to claim 1, a circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil-taking device is characterized by: The soil taking mechanism (6) comprises a mud suction pump (601), a high-pressure water gun (602), and an end milling cutter (603). The upper end of the mud suction pump (601) is connected to the lifting rope of the electric hoist (4), the mud suction port at the lower end faces the bottom of the well, and the mud suction port is also provided with an end milling cutter (603). High-pressure water guns (602) are provided on both sides of the mud suction pump (601), and the injection ports thereof face the bottom of the well. The pump pipe of the mud suction pump (601) extends from one side of the mud suction pump (601) to the outside of the caisson.

3. According to claim 1, a circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil taking device is characterized by: The measuring mechanism (7) comprises a measuring hammer (701) and a measuring rope (702); the measuring hammer (701) is connected to the electric hoist (4) via the measuring rope (702); the measuring hammer (701) is a structure having a certain weight and formed by welding a plurality of short steel bars.

4. According to claim 3, a circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil-taking device is characterized by: The measuring mechanism (7) further comprises a measuring rope weight monitoring module (10) and a measuring rope length measuring module (11), which are used to detect changes in the weight of the measuring rope (702) and the length of the measuring rope (702).

5. According to claim 1, the circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil-taking device is characterized by: The track driving devices (3) at both ends of the radial single beam (2) are also provided with track travel encoders (8) for measuring the travel angle position of the radial single beam (2); The electric hoist (4) is also provided with a radial travel encoder (9) for measuring the position of the electric hoist (4) on the radial single beam (2).

6. According to claim 1, the circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil-taking device is characterized by: A main controller (12) is also provided. A track travel encoder (8), a radial travel encoder (9), a rope measuring weight monitoring module (10), and a rope measuring length measuring module (11) are electrically connected to the main controller (12) to drive the track driving device (3), the electric hoist (4), the electric hoist driving device (5), and the soil taking mechanism (6) to operate.

7. According to claim 1, the circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil-taking device is characterized by: The circular track (1) comprises a track foundation (101) having an I-shaped cross section, and the circular track (1) is arranged at the opening of the caisson through the track foundation (101); Alternatively, the circular track (1) is arranged at the caisson opening via a plurality of adjustable supports (13) connected to the track foundation (101); the adjustable supports (13) include a height adjustment mechanism (1301), a radial adjustment mechanism (1302) and a track fixing mechanism (1303); the adjustable supports (13) are fixed to the ground at the caisson opening via ground anchors (14); the adjustable supports (13) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the circular track (1), and the number of the adjustable supports (13) is at least three.

8. According to claim 7, the circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil-taking device is characterized by: The height adjustment mechanism (1301) is connected to the ground anchor (14) via a first oblong hole (13018) at one end of the bottom plate (13011); one end of the rotating arm (13013) is rotatably connected to the other end of the bottom plate (13011); one end is rotatably connected to one end of a top plate (13012) above the bottom plate (13011); the middle of the rotating arm (13013) is rotatably connected to the movable arm (13014); adjustment pins (13015) are provided at both ends of the rotating arm (13013); comb plates (13016) are provided on both sides of the upper surface of the bottom plate (13011) and the lower surface of the top plate (13012); and the adjustment pins (13015) are abutted against corresponding tooth grooves of the comb plates (13016).

9. According to claim 7, the circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil-taking device is characterized by: The radial adjustment mechanism (1302) comprises a movable plate (13021) and a first stud bolt (13022); four second oblong holes (13017) are symmetrically provided on the top plate (13012); the four first stud bolts (13022) pass through the four corners of the movable plate (13021) and are connected to the top plate (13012) via the corresponding second oblong holes (13017); The track fixing mechanism (1303) comprises a tensioning rod (13031), a tensioning rod support (13032), a pressure plate (13033) and a second stud bolt (13034); a tensioning rod support (13032) is provided in the middle of the movable plate (13021); the tensioning rod (13031) is threadedly connected to the upper end of the tensioning rod support (13032); one end of the tensioning rod passes through the tensioning rod support (13032) and abuts against one side of the web of the I-shaped structure of the track foundation (101); the pressure plate (13033) is in a Z-shaped structure; one end of the pressure plate abuts against one side of the lower flange of the track foundation (101); and the other end of the pressure plate is provided with a third oblong hole (13035); the second stud bolt (13034) passes through the third oblong hole (13035) to press the lower flange of the track foundation (101) between the pressure plate (13033) and the front end of the movable plate (13021).

10. The method for using the circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil-taking device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method includes: S1. Construction preparation: Install and adjust a full set of circular single-chamber caisson sinking automatic soil taking device; S2, preparatory work: according to the size of the caisson and the operating range of the earth-taking mechanism (6), the circular track (1) is marked with minute scales, and the working time within each scale is set. The radial single beam (2) is initially placed at scale 1, and the electric hoist (4) controls the earth-taking mechanism (6) and the measuring mechanism (7) to be lowered to the operating position and suspended slightly above the operating surface; S3, soil excavation operation: the soil excavation mechanism (6) starts the operation, the main controller (12) starts timing, and the track travel encoder (8) and the radial travel encoder (9) record the operation position of the electric hoist (4); S4, post-work measurement: when the specified operation time is reached, the soil taking mechanism (6) stops working, the measuring mechanism (7) starts working, the measuring rope weight monitoring module (10) obtains the lowering status of the measuring hammer (701) by detecting the sudden change of the weight data, and the measuring rope length measurement module (304) records the bottom elevation of the operation; S5, process determination: after the bottom elevation measurement is completed, the measuring hammer (701) is repeatedly pulled up and down, and the mud concentration is determined to be qualified according to the weight measured by the measuring rope weight monitoring module (10), and it is determined whether to continue to suck mud or proceed to the next step based on this; S6. Data analysis: Build a three-dimensional model based on the measured position information and bottom elevation information to visualize the bottom operation of the caisson; S7, the electric hoist (4) moves radially along the radial single beam (2) to the next operating point, and steps S2 to S6 are repeated; S8, after completing the operation of the radial single beam (2) on one scale, the track driving device (3) drives the radial single beam (2) to move to the next scale; S9. Repeat steps S2 to S8 until the caisson is lowered.

Images