Tail gas filtering device and method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tail gas purification equipment, and particularly relates to a tail gas filtering device and method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides, and the tail gas filtering device comprises an exhaust manifold, a three-way catalyst and a pressurization backflow mechanism; the three-way catalytic converter is installed in the exhaust manifold, and the pressurization backflow mechanism is installed on the exhaust manifold and matched with the three-way catalytic converter. The multiple compression pipes and pistons are arranged, in the temperature rising process of the three-way catalytic converter, tail gas in the three-way catalytic converter and the exhaust manifold is continuously extracted till the air pressure in the three-way catalytic converter and the exhaust manifold is smaller than the air pressure in an engine all the time, and then the problems that the exhaust pressure is increased and the like are solved; the storage tank is matched, the storage amount of the tail gas can be effectively increased, heat generated in the tail gas compression process can further promote the temperature of the three-way catalyst to rapidly rise, and then the complementary effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tail gas purification equipment, and specifically relates to a tail gas filtering device and method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides. Background Art

[0002] Automobile exhaust is the waste gas emitted from the automobile exhaust pipe, which contains a large amount of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and solid particles. As a major factor affecting air pollution, automobile exhaust treatment has always been given great attention.

[0003] As a kind of exhaust catalytic filtering equipment, the three-way catalytic converter attaches a three-way catalyst with catalytic function in the form of a coating on a honeycomb carrier to achieve a catalytic filtering effect on the exhaust gas. When it is working, it catalyzes the harmful gases in the automobile exhaust through the precious metal coating on the surface, and can catalyze the conversion of harmful carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides into harmless gases such as carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen under high temperature conditions, thereby achieving the exhaust gas purification effect. According to research data, the three-way catalyst can only have a catalytic effect at a minimum of 350 degrees Celsius when used normally, and its optimal activity temperature is 400 to 800 degrees Celsius. After the car is started, its exhaust gas is in a continuous emission state. Although the three-way catalytic converter begins to heat up after the car is started, it usually takes a certain amount of heating time for the three-way catalytic converter to heat from room temperature to the optimal activity temperature. During this period of time, the automobile exhaust emitted usually has a poor purification effect.

[0004] A three-way catalytic converter exhaust emission treatment device is disclosed in the related technology, and the application number is CN2019105005485. In this scheme, a gas storage tank is provided to collect the gas discharged from the three-way catalytic converter body during the start-up phase of the car, and discharge it back into the three-way catalytic converter body through the intake pipe and the outlet pipe until the normal working temperature of the catalyst is reached, thereby effectively preventing untreated exhaust gas from being discharged into the atmosphere. However, in actual application, it is found that due to the setting of the gas storage tank, the exhaust gas cannot be discharged to the outside. Therefore, as the exhaust gas concentration in the outlet pipe and the exhaust pipe increases, it will lead to increased exhaust back pressure, incomplete combustion of the mixture and other problems, and in severe cases, it may even cause vehicle failure.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes an exhaust gas filtering device and method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes an exhaust gas filtering device and method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the exhaust gas filtering device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides described in the present invention comprises an exhaust manifold, a three-way catalytic converter and a supercharged reflux mechanism;

[0008] The three-way catalytic converter is installed inside the exhaust manifold, the supercharged reflux mechanism is installed on the exhaust manifold, and the supercharged reflux mechanism cooperates with the three-way catalytic converter;

[0009] The pressurized reflux mechanism comprises a compression pipe, a piston, a storage tank and a reflux pipe;

[0010] The compression pipe is installed inside the exhaust manifold, the compression pipe is in direct contact with the three-way catalytic converter, the compression pipe is made of a high thermal conductivity metal material, a one-way air inlet pipe and a one-way air outlet pipe are installed on the compression pipe, the one-way air inlet pipe is conductively connected to the air outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter, the one-way air outlet pipe is conductively connected to the storage tank, and a relief valve is installed in the one-way air outlet pipe;

[0011] A piston is installed in the compression tube in a sliding seal, a crankshaft connecting rod is installed on the piston, and the crankshaft connecting rod is externally connected to a driving motor;

[0012] A reflux pipe is installed on the storage tank, and the reflux pipe is conductively connected to the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter. An electromagnetic conduction valve is installed in the reflux pipe. A temperature sensor is installed in the three-way catalytic converter, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the electromagnetic conduction valve and the drive motor.

[0013] Preferably, the compression pipes are designed in plural numbers, and the exhaust efficiency of the plurality of compression pipes is greater than the exhaust efficiency of the three-way catalytic converter.

[0014] Preferably, a heat exchange ring is embedded and installed on the exhaust manifold, the heat exchange ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the three-way catalytic converter, the heat exchange ring is provided with evenly distributed installation grooves, the compression tube is installed in the installation grooves, and a heat-resistant shell is sleeved on the heat exchange ring.

[0015] Preferably, a transfer pipe is fixedly installed in the heat-resistant shell, a filter element is installed in the transfer pipe, the transfer pipe extends into the exhaust manifold and is opened at the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter, and the one-way air inlet pipes extend into the filter element.

[0016] Preferably, the reflux pipe extends to the inside of the filter element, and both ends of the transfer pipe are opened at both ends of the three-way catalytic converter respectively. One-way plugs are fixedly installed at both ends of the transfer pipe. The one-way plugs are made of conical rubber sheets and are closed in the initial state.

[0017] Preferably, a through groove is provided on the transfer pipe, a mounting plate is installed in the through groove, and the filter element is fixedly installed on the mounting plate.

[0018] Preferably, an assembly plate is installed in the transfer tube, and the assembly plate is connected to the inner wall of the transfer tube through an electric telescopic rod. The assembly plate and the mounting plate are fixedly connected by bolts. The one-way air intake pipe is fixedly installed on the assembly plate. A socket is provided on the assembly plate, and the socket matches the return pipe. The return pipe is arranged at the side wall opening. Two symmetrical sets of sealing plates are fixedly installed in the transfer tube, and the two sets of sealing plates match the assembly plate.

[0019] Preferably, the two groups of sealing plates are both made of elastic material on one side facing the assembly plate.

[0020] Preferably, a movable groove is opened in the transfer pipe, a switching plate is slidably installed in the movable groove, the switching plate is fixedly connected to the assembly plate, and the one-way air outlet pipe is composed of a guide section, a direct current section and a compression section equipped with an overflow valve, wherein the guide section is fixedly installed on the switching plate, and the compression section and the direct current section are both fixedly installed on the compression pipe, and in the initial state, the compression section is aligned with the guide section.

[0021] A tail gas filtration method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides, the method comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1: After the car is started, the exhaust gas flows into the three-way catalytic converter along the exhaust manifold, and flows from the inlet end to the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter;

[0023] S2: Synchronously start the drive motor, which drives the piston to reciprocate in the compression pipe through the crankshaft connecting rod, thereby forming a negative pressure in the one-way intake pipe;

[0024] S3: Under negative pressure, the exhaust gas discharged from the outlet of the three-way catalytic converter flows into the compression pipe through the transfer pipe, filter element, and one-way intake pipe, and is compressed in the compression pipe;

[0025] S4: The heat released when the exhaust gas is compressed is transferred to the three-way catalytic converter through the heat exchange ring, causing the three-way catalytic converter to heat up quickly. At the same time, the compressed gas is discharged into the storage tank through the overflow valve;

[0026] S5: After the three-way catalytic converter reaches the set temperature, the drive motor stops moving, the electromagnetic conduction valve opens, and the compressed exhaust gas in the storage tank flows into the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter again through the return pipe and the transfer pipe;

[0027] S6: The compressed exhaust gas is mixed with the newly generated exhaust gas, enters the three-way catalytic converter, and is discharged after catalytic filtration.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. The exhaust gas filtering device and method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides described in the present invention, by setting a plurality of compression pipes and pistons, continuously extracts the exhaust gas in the three-way catalytic converter and the exhaust manifold during the heating process of the three-way catalytic converter, until the air pressure in the three-way catalytic converter and the exhaust manifold is always lower than the air pressure in the engine, thereby preventing the exhaust gas from being compressed and other problems from occurring. At the same time, after the exhaust gas is compressed, it is more convenient to store it. In conjunction with a storage tank, the storage capacity of the exhaust gas can be effectively increased. The heat generated during the compression of the exhaust gas can also cause the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter to rise rapidly, thereby playing a complementary role and reducing the emission rate of untreated exhaust gas.

[0030] 2. The exhaust gas filtration device and method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides described in the present invention realizes physical filtration of exhaust gas during the process of collecting, compressing and storing exhaust gas by setting a filter element, thereby intercepting solid particles in the exhaust gas, reducing blockage of the compression pipe and piston, and extending the service life of the device. Then, in the process of releasing the compressed exhaust gas in the storage tank, the exhaust gas is backwashed in the filter element, thereby cleaning the filter element and extending the service life of the filter element. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 is a stereogram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is the internal structure diagram of the exhaust manifold in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a stereogram of the assembly of the heat exchange ring and the compression tube in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a partial structural diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a stereogram of the assembly of the transfer pipe and the storage tank;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the assembly of the mounting plate and the filter element;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the assembly of the compression tube and the assembly plate;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the assembly of the assembly plate and two sets of sealing plates;

[0040] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the transfer tube;

[0041] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of the transfer tube from another angle;

[0042] Fig.11 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0043] In the figure: 1. Exhaust main pipe; 11. Three-way catalytic converter; 2. Compression pipe; 21. One-way intake pipe; 22. Overflow valve; 23. Piston; 24. Crankshaft connecting rod; 25. Drive motor; 26. Storage tank; 27. Return pipe; 3. Heat exchange ring; 31. Mounting groove; 32. Heat-resistant shell; 4. Transfer pipe; 41. Filter element; 42. One-way plug; 43. Through groove; 44. Mounting plate; 5. Assembly plate; 51. Electric telescopic rod; 52. Socket; 53. Sealing plate; 6. Moving groove; 61. Switching plate; 62. Guide section; 63. DC section; 64. Compression section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the exhaust gas filtering device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to the present invention comprises an exhaust manifold 1, a three-way catalytic converter 11 and a supercharging reflux mechanism;

[0046] The three-way catalytic converter 11 is installed inside the exhaust manifold 1, and the supercharging reflux mechanism is installed on the exhaust manifold 1, and the supercharging reflux mechanism cooperates with the three-way catalytic converter 11;

[0047] The pressurized reflux mechanism comprises a compression pipe 2, a piston 23, a storage tank 26 and a reflux pipe 27;

[0048] The compression pipe 2 is installed inside the exhaust manifold 1, the compression pipe 2 is in direct contact with the three-way catalytic converter 11, the compression pipe 2 is made of a high thermal conductivity metal material, a one-way air inlet pipe 21 and a one-way air outlet pipe are installed on the compression pipe 2, the one-way air inlet pipe 21 is conductively connected to the air outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter 11, the one-way air outlet pipe is conductively connected to the storage tank 26, and a relief valve 22 is installed in the one-way air outlet pipe;

[0049] A piston 23 is installed in a sliding seal in the compression tube 2, a crankshaft connecting rod 24 is installed on the piston 23, and the crankshaft connecting rod 24 is externally connected to a driving motor 25;

[0050] A return pipe 27 is installed on the storage tank 26, and the return pipe 27 is conductively connected to the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter 11. An electromagnetic conduction valve is installed in the return pipe 27. A temperature sensor is installed in the three-way catalytic converter 11, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the electromagnetic conduction valve and the drive motor 25.

[0051] The compression pipes 2 are designed in plural numbers, and the exhaust efficiency of the plurality of compression pipes 2 is greater than the exhaust efficiency of the three-way catalytic converter 11 .

[0052] When catalytic filtering is performed on automobile exhaust, in order to prevent untreated exhaust gas from being discharged to the outside during the temperature increase of the three-way catalytic converter 11, a boost reflux component is provided in the present invention. By boosting and compressing the exhaust gas, the utilization rate of the heat in the exhaust gas is improved, and the storage effect of the exhaust gas is increased to prevent the stored exhaust gas from affecting the air pressure in the exhaust manifold 1.

[0053] Specifically, in actual application, after the car is started, exhaust gas begins to be generated. At the same time, the drive motor 25 is started synchronously under the control of a preset program. The drive motor 25 drives the crankshaft connecting rod 24 to rotate, and then the crankshaft connecting rod 24 drives the piston 23 to move in the compression tube 2. Since the compression tube 2 is connected to the exhaust manifold 1 and the storage tank 26 through the one-way air inlet pipe 21 and the one-way air outlet pipe, when the piston 23 moves in the direction close to the crankshaft connecting rod 24, a negative pressure is formed in the compression chamber. The negative pressure acts on the exhaust manifold 1 through the one-way intake pipe 21. Since the one-way intake pipe 21 is directly connected to the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter 11, and the exhaust efficiency of the multiple compression pipes 2 is greater than the exhaust efficiency of the three-way catalytic converter 11, the exhaust gas can be extracted into the compression pipe 2 after flowing out of the three-way catalytic converter 11. Then, when the piston 23 moves away from the crankshaft connecting rod 24, the exhaust gas in the compression pipe 2 is compressed, causing the air pressure in the compression pipe 2 to increase until the air pressure strength is equal to the overflow valve. 22 is opened at the same pressure. During this process, the exhaust gas is continuously compressed, causing the exhaust gas temperature to continue to increase, and the compression pipe 2 is in contact with the three-way catalytic converter 11, so that heat exchange occurs between the compression pipe 2 and the three-way catalytic converter 11. In the ongoing exhaust gas compression process, the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 is rapidly increased. After the overflow valve 22 is opened, the compressed exhaust gas enters the storage tank 26 through the one-way outlet pipe. As the exhaust gas is continuously extracted, compressed and stored, the temperature sensor measures the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 in real time. When the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 is equal to the preset temperature, the drive motor 25 is closed and the electromagnetic conduction valve is opened under the control of a preset program. At this time, the compressed exhaust gas in the storage tank 26, under the action of air pressure, flows along the return pipe 27 to the exhaust manifold 1, and is discharged to the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter 11, mixed with the newly generated exhaust gas, flows into the inside of the three-way catalytic converter 11, and is catalyzed and filtered by the catalyst on the inner wall of the three-way catalytic converter 11 before being output.

[0054] The present invention sets a plurality of compression pipes 2 and pistons 23. During the heating process of the three-way catalytic converter 11, the exhaust gas in the three-way catalytic converter 11 and the exhaust manifold 1 is continuously extracted until the air pressure in the three-way catalytic converter 11 and the exhaust manifold 1 is always lower than the air pressure in the engine, thereby preventing the exhaust gas from being compressed and other problems from occurring. At the same time, after the exhaust gas is compressed, it is more convenient to store it. In conjunction with the storage tank 26, the storage capacity of the exhaust gas can be effectively increased. The heat generated during the compression of the exhaust gas can also cause the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 to rise rapidly, thereby playing a complementary role and reducing the emission rate of untreated exhaust gas.

[0055] It should also be noted that compared to the related art, the present invention does not block the exhaust manifold 1 when collecting and storing exhaust gas. During the long-term use of the exhaust gas filtering device, even if the boost reflux mechanism fails, the impact on the automobile exhaust manifold 1 and the three-way catalytic converter 11 is relatively small, and the boost reflux mechanism will not cause blockage of the exhaust manifold 1. At the same time, the exhaust efficiency of the multiple compression pipes 2 at rated power in the present invention is greater than the exhaust efficiency of the three-way catalytic converter 11. Therefore, even if the tail end of the exhaust manifold 1 is not blocked, the exhaust gas discharged through the three-way catalytic converter 11 will also be completely extracted, compressed, and stored in the storage tank 26.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a heat exchange ring 3 is embedded in the exhaust manifold 1, and the heat exchange ring 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the three-way catalytic converter 11. The heat exchange ring 3 is provided with evenly distributed installation grooves 31, and the compression tube 2 is installed in the installation grooves 31. A heat-resistant shell 32 is sleeved on the heat exchange ring 3.

[0057] In order to further enhance the uniformity of heating the three-way catalytic converter 11, a heat exchange ring 3 is provided in the present invention. The heat exchange ring 3 is directly sleeved on the outer wall of the three-way catalytic converter 11, and the compression tube 2 is installed in the installation groove 31 on the heat exchange ring 3. When the device is assembled, in order to further improve the efficiency of heat conduction, thermal conductive silicone grease is also coated on the inner wall of the heat exchange ring 3 and the inner wall of the installation groove 31. Therefore, the heat conduction efficiency between the compression tube 2, the heat exchange ring 3 and the three-way catalytic converter 11 is improved. In the process of exhaust gas compression and heat release, the heat can be quickly transferred to the three-way catalytic converter 11. The setting of the heat-resistant shell 32 is to isolate the heat exchange ring 3 from the outside world, thereby preventing the heat exchange ring 3 from dissipating heat into the air, and further accelerating the temperature increase rate of the three-way catalytic converter 11.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a transfer pipe 4 is fixedly installed in the heat-resistant shell 32, and a filter element 41 is installed in the transfer pipe 4. The transfer pipe 4 extends into the exhaust manifold 1 and is opened at the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter 11. The one-way air intake pipe 21 extends to the inside of the filter element 41.

[0059] The reflux pipe 27 extends to the inside of the filter element 41, and the two ends of the transfer pipe 4 are respectively opened at the two ends of the three-way catalytic converter 11. One-way plugs 42 are fixedly installed at both ends of the transfer pipe 4. The one-way plugs 42 are made of conical rubber sheets. In the initial state, the one-way plugs 42 are closed.

[0060] The transfer pipe 4 is provided with a through groove 43 , a mounting plate 44 is installed in the through groove 43 , and the filter element 41 is fixedly installed on the mounting plate 44 .

[0061] Since automobile exhaust contains a certain amount of solid particles, incompletely burned gasoline, etc., in order to reduce the impact on the sealing between the compression pipe 2 and the piston 23, the present invention is provided with a transfer pipe 4, and a filter element 41 is provided in the transfer pipe 4. During the heating process of the three-way catalytic converter 11, since the one-way air intake pipe 21 extends to the inside of the filter element 41, when the compression pipe 2 extracts air flow, negative pressure acts through the one-way air intake pipe 21, the filter element 41, and the transfer pipe 4. The one-way plugs 42 at both ends of the transfer pipe 4 are set, so that the negative pressure acts on the exhaust manifold 1 and the three-way catalytic converter through the transfer pipe 4. The outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter 11 is connected to the position, so that the automobile exhaust gas flows out through the three-way catalytic converter 11, is extracted into the transfer pipe 4, and enters the compression pipe 2 and the storage tank 26 after being filtered by the filter element 41. Then, when the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 reaches the set value, the drive motor 25 stops and the electromagnetic conduction valve is opened. The compressed exhaust gas enters the filter element 41 again through the reflux pipe 27, and after the filter element 41 has a back impact, the pressure in the transfer pipe 4 increases, and finally the exhaust gas enters the exhaust manifold 1 and the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter 11 through the other end of the transfer pipe 4.

[0062] The through groove 43 and the mounting plate 44 are provided to facilitate replacement of the filter element 41 when the filter element 41 is clogged during long-term use.

[0063] The present invention achieves physical filtration of the exhaust gas by setting a filter element 41 during the process of collecting, compressing and storing the exhaust gas, thereby intercepting solid particles in the exhaust gas, reducing the blockage of the compression pipe 2 and the piston 23, and extending the service life of the device. Then, during the process of releasing the compressed exhaust gas in the storage tank 26, the exhaust gas is backwashed in the filter element 41, thereby cleaning the filter element 41 and extending the service life of the filter element 41.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an assembly plate 5 is installed in the transfer pipe 4, and the assembly plate 5 is connected to the inner wall of the transfer pipe 4 through an electric telescopic rod 51. The assembly plate 5 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 44 by bolts. The one-way air intake pipe 21 is fixedly installed on the assembly plate 5. A socket 52 is provided on the assembly plate 5, and the socket 52 matches the return pipe 27. The return pipe 27 is arranged at the side wall opening. Two symmetrical groups of sealing plates 53 are fixedly installed in the transfer pipe 4, and the two groups of sealing plates 53 match the assembly plate 5.

[0065] The two sets of sealing plates 53 facing the mounting plate 5 are both made of elastic material.

[0066] A movable groove 6 is provided in the transfer pipe 4, and a switching plate 61 is slidably installed in the movable groove 6. The switching plate 61 is fixedly connected to the assembly plate 5. The one-way air outlet pipe is composed of a guide section 62, a direct current section 63 and a compression section 64 equipped with a relief valve 22, wherein the guide section 62 is fixedly installed on the switching plate 61, and the compression section 64 and the direct current section 63 are both fixedly installed on the compression pipe 2. In the initial state, the compression section 64 is aligned with the guide section 62.

[0067] In actual application, the transfer pipe 4 is provided with an assembly plate 5. When the installation plate 44 and the filter element 41 are installed in the transfer pipe 4, as the filter element 41 extends into the transfer pipe 4, the filter element 41 contacts the assembly plate 5. Then, the installation plate 44 and the assembly plate 5 are bolted together with bolts. Under the action of pressure, the gap between the filter element 41 and the assembly plate 5 is reduced, and the one-way air intake pipe 21 is fixedly installed on the assembly plate 5. Therefore, the filter element 41 is combined with the one-way air intake pipe 21. In the initial state, the assembly plate 5 is supported by the electric telescopic rod 51 and contacts the sealing plate 53 away from the through groove 43. At this time, the one-way air intake pipe 21 and the return pipe 27 extend into the inner cavity of the filter element 41. When collecting, compressing, storing or releasing, the exhaust gas flows through the filter element 41. When the exhaust gas stored in the storage tank 26 is released, the air pressure in the storage tank 26 is the same as the external air pressure. Since the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 is within the set temperature range, the electromagnetic conduction valve is continuously opened. In this process, when the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 is too high during the long-term catalysis and filtering of the exhaust gas, under the real-time measurement of the temperature sensor, when the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter 11 is higher than the preset threshold value, under the control of the preset program, the drive motor 25 is started again, and the electric telescopic rod 51 is started synchronously. The electric telescopic rod 51 pushes the assembly plate 5 to move, causing the assembly plate 5 to move. 5 contacts the sealing plate 53 near the side of the through groove 43. At this time, the assembly plate 5 and the return pipe 27 produce relative movement, so that the one-way air intake pipe 21 and the return pipe 27 are opened on both sides of the assembly plate 5 respectively, and the assembly plate 5 cooperates with the sealing plate 53 to separate the transfer pipe 4 into two chambers that are not connected to each other, wherein the chamber where the one-way air intake pipe 21 is located is directly connected to the outside through the through groove 43. Therefore, when the one-way air intake pipe 21 draws airflow, it will directly draw outside air, and the air will enter the compression pipe 2 after being filtered by the filter element 41. When the assembly plate 5 moves, the switching plate 61 is pulled synchronously to move, so that the guide section 62, which is aligned with the compression section 64 in the initial state, is aligned with the direct current section 63 at this time. When the piston 23 moves away from the crankshaft connecting rod 24, the air is directly discharged into the storage tank 26 without being compressed, and enters another chamber of the transfer pipe 4 along the reflux pipe 27, and is finally discharged to the connection between the exhaust manifold 1 and the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter 11 with the cooperation of the one-way plugs 42 at both ends of the transfer pipe 4, enters the three-way catalytic converter 11 together with the exhaust gas, and is discharged to the outside along the exhaust manifold 1. The introduction of fresh air not only increases the airflow intensity in the three-way catalytic converter 11, and uses the airflow to discharge impurities inside the three-way catalytic converter 11, but also the lower temperature of the outside air can cool the three-way catalytic converter 11, thereby reducing the probability of overheating and damage of the three-way catalytic converter 11.

[0068] like Fig.11 As shown, a tail gas filtration method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides comprises the following steps:

[0069] S1: After the car is started, the exhaust gas flows into the three-way catalytic converter 11 along the exhaust manifold 1, and flows from the intake end to the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter 11;

[0070] S2: Synchronously start the drive motor 25, and after being transmitted by the crankshaft connecting rod 24, drive the piston 23 to reciprocate in the compression pipe 2, thereby forming a negative pressure in the one-way intake pipe 21;

[0071] S3: Under the traction of negative pressure, the exhaust gas discharged from the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter 11 flows into the compression pipe 2 through the transfer pipe 4, the filter element 41, and the one-way intake pipe 21, and is compressed in the compression pipe 2;

[0072] S4: The heat released during the exhaust gas compression is transferred to the three-way catalytic converter 11 via the heat exchange ring 3, causing the three-way catalytic converter 11 to heat up quickly. At the same time, the compressed gas is discharged into the storage tank 26 through the overflow valve 22;

[0073] S5: After the three-way catalytic converter 11 reaches the set temperature, the drive motor 25 stops moving, the electromagnetic conduction valve opens, and the compressed exhaust gas in the storage tank 26 flows into the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter 11 again through the return pipe 27 and the transfer pipe 4;

[0074] S6: The compressed exhaust gas is mixed with the newly generated exhaust gas and enters the three-way catalytic converter 11, and is discharged after catalytic filtration.

[0075] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An exhaust gas filtration device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides, characterized in that: It comprises an exhaust manifold (1), a three-way catalytic converter (11) and a supercharging reflux mechanism; The three-way catalytic converter (11) is installed inside the exhaust manifold (1), the supercharging reflux mechanism is installed on the exhaust manifold (1), and the supercharging reflux mechanism cooperates with the three-way catalytic converter (11); The pressurized reflux mechanism comprises a compression pipe (2), a piston (23), a storage tank (26) and a reflux pipe (27); The compression pipe (2) is installed inside the exhaust manifold (1), the compression pipe (2) is in direct contact with the three-way catalytic converter (11), the compression pipe (2) is made of a high thermal conductivity metal material, a one-way air inlet pipe (21) and a one-way air outlet pipe are installed on the compression pipe (2), the one-way air inlet pipe (21) is conductively connected to the air outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter (11), the one-way air outlet pipe is conductively connected to the storage tank (26), and a relief valve (22) is installed in the one-way air outlet pipe; A piston (23) is installed in a sliding seal inside the compression tube (2), a crankshaft connecting rod (24) is installed on the piston (23), and the crankshaft connecting rod (24) is externally connected to a driving motor (25); A return pipe (27) is installed on the storage tank (26), and the return pipe (27) is conductively connected to the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter (11). An electromagnetic conduction valve is installed in the return pipe (27), and a temperature sensor is installed in the three-way catalytic converter (11). The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the electromagnetic conduction valve and the drive motor (25).

2. The exhaust gas filtering device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The compression pipes (2) are designed in plural numbers, and the exhaust efficiency of the plurality of compression pipes (2) is greater than the exhaust efficiency of the three-way catalytic converter (11).

3. The exhaust gas filtration device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A heat exchange ring (3) is embedded and installed on the exhaust manifold (1), and the heat exchange ring (3) is sleeved on the outer wall of the three-way catalytic converter (11). The heat exchange ring (3) is provided with evenly distributed installation grooves (31), and the compression tube (2) is installed in the installation grooves (31). A heat-resistant shell (32) is sleeved and installed on the heat exchange ring (3).

4. The exhaust gas filtering device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A transfer pipe (4) is fixedly installed in the heat-resistant shell (32), a filter element (41) is installed in the transfer pipe (4), the transfer pipe (4) extends into the exhaust manifold (1) and is opened at the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter (11), and the one-way air intake pipe (21) extends into the interior of the filter element (41).

5. The exhaust gas filtering device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The return pipe (27) extends into the interior of the filter element (41), and the two ends of the transfer pipe (4) are respectively opened at the two ends of the three-way catalytic converter (11). One-way plugs (42) are fixedly installed at both ends of the transfer pipe (4), and the one-way plugs (42) are made of conical rubber sheets. In the initial state, the one-way plugs (42) are closed.

6. The exhaust gas filtering device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The transfer pipe (4) is provided with a through groove (43), a mounting plate (44) is installed in the through groove (43), and the filter element (41) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (44).

7. The exhaust gas filtering device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to claim 6 is characterized in that: An assembly plate (5) is installed in the transfer pipe (4), and the assembly plate (5) is connected to the inner wall of the transfer pipe (4) through an electric telescopic rod (51). The assembly plate (5) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (44) through bolts. The one-way air intake pipe (21) is fixedly installed on the assembly plate (5). The assembly plate (5) is provided with a plug hole (52), and the plug hole (52) matches the return pipe (27). The return pipe (27) is set at the side wall opening. Two symmetrical groups of sealing plates (53) are fixedly installed in the transfer pipe (4), and the two groups of sealing plates (53) match the assembly plate (5).

8. The exhaust gas filtering device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The two sets of sealing plates (53) facing the assembly plate (5) are both made of elastic material.

9. The exhaust gas filtering device for effectively removing nitrogen oxides according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transfer pipe (4) is provided with a movable groove (6), a switching plate (61) is slidably installed in the movable groove (6), and the switching plate (61) is fixedly connected to the assembly plate (5). The one-way air outlet pipe is composed of a guide section (62), a direct-flow section (63) and a compression section (64) equipped with a relief valve (22), wherein the guide section (62) is fixedly installed on the switching plate (61), and the compression section (64) and the direct-flow section (63) are both fixedly installed on the compression pipe (2). In an initial state, the compression section (64) is aligned with the guide section (62).

10. A tail gas filtration method for effectively removing nitrogen oxides, characterized in that: The method is applicable to the exhaust gas filtering device according to claim 9, and the method comprises the following steps: S1: After the car is started, the exhaust gas flows into the three-way catalytic converter (11) along the exhaust main pipe (1), and flows from the intake end to the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter (11); S2: Synchronously starting the driving motor (25), which drives the piston (23) to reciprocate in the compression pipe (2) through the crankshaft connecting rod (24), thereby forming a negative pressure in the one-way air intake pipe (21); S3: Under negative pressure, the exhaust gas discharged from the outlet end of the three-way catalytic converter (11) flows into the compression pipe (2) through the transfer pipe (4), the filter element (41), and the one-way air intake pipe (21), and is compressed in the compression pipe (2); S4: The heat released when the exhaust gas is compressed is transferred to the three-way catalytic converter (11) via the heat exchange ring (3), causing the three-way catalytic converter (11) to heat up quickly. At the same time, the compressed gas is discharged into the storage tank (26) through the overflow valve (22); S5: After the three-way catalytic converter (11) reaches the set temperature, the driving motor (25) stops moving, the electromagnetic conduction valve opens, and the compressed exhaust gas in the storage tank (26) flows into the intake end of the three-way catalytic converter (11) again through the return pipe (27) and the transfer pipe (4); S6: The compressed exhaust gas is mixed with the newly generated exhaust gas and enters the three-way catalytic converter (11), and is discharged after being catalytically filtered.

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