Rivet, riveting structure and riveting equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a rivet, a riveting structure and riveting equipment. A rivet comprises a rivet head and a rivet leg connected to one end of the rivet head, the part, protruding out of the rivet leg, of the rivet head forms a rivet shoulder, the end face of the side, away from the rivet leg, of the rivet head is a spherical surface and protrudes away from the rivet leg, and a rivet hole extending in the axial direction of the rivet is formed in the rivet leg. The end, close to the rivet head, of the rivet hole is closed, and the end, away from the rivet head, of the rivet hole is open. The problem that connection between ultrahigh-strength steel and a multi-layer aluminum plate and a steel plate or connection between ultrahigh-strength steel and carbon fibers and other dissimilar materials is difficult or cannot be achieved is solved, and collinear production of a multi-material hybrid vehicle body on a traditional steel vehicle body is achieved. Meanwhile, the rivet and the plate are interlocked through the deformation of the riveting leg to form the riveting joint, the plate does not need to be deformed during riveting, and the requirements for the thickness and the ductility of the plate are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and in particular relates to a rivet, a riveting structure and a riveting device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of lightweight body technology, many traditional steel bodies are also transitioning to mixed bodies of multiple materials such as steel and aluminum. The existing steel and aluminum parts in the automotive industry are mainly connected by self-piercing riveting (SPR) and flow drill screw (FDS) processes. For traditional automobile companies, their connection process system is the resistance spot welding process for steel bodies. If they want to produce steel and aluminum bodies, they need to upgrade the connection equipment and purchase SPR riveting and FDS riveting equipment; or establish a proprietary steel and aluminum mixed production line, which will require huge investment from the company.

[0003] In addition, in the existing riveting process, there is a problem that it is difficult or impossible to connect dissimilar materials such as ultra-high-strength steel and multi-layer aluminum plates, steel plates or ultra-high-strength steel and carbon fibers. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the problem in the prior art that it is difficult or impossible to connect dissimilar materials such as ultra-high-strength steel and multi-layer aluminum plates, steel plates or ultra-high-strength steel and carbon fibers, a rivet, a riveting structure and a riveting device are provided.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, on the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rivet, including a rivet head and a rivet leg connected to one end of the rivet head, the part of the rivet head protruding from the rivet leg forms a rivet shoulder, the end surface of the rivet head facing away from the rivet leg is a spherical surface and protrudes away from the rivet leg, a rivet hole extending along the axial direction of the rivet is provided in the rivet leg, the end of the rivet hole close to the rivet head is closed, and the end of the rivet hole away from the rivet head is open.

[0006] According to the rivet provided in this embodiment, during riveting, the end of the rivet leg away from the rivet head is extended out of the hole, and then pressure is applied to both ends of the rivet so that the rivet shoulder abuts against one side wall of the plate; at the same time, the rivet legs around the rivet hole are compressed and deformed under the action of pressure and abut against the side wall of the plate away from the rivet shoulder, so that the deformed rivet legs and rivet shoulders form an interlocking structure, thereby achieving riveting between the rivet and the plate. At the same time, the end face of the rivet away from the rivet leg is a spherical surface, which can improve the welding performance of the rivet with other plates. At the same time, according to the rivet in this embodiment, the problem of difficulty in connecting multi-layer plates of heterogeneous materials such as ultra-high-strength steel and aluminum is solved, and the co-production of multi-material hybrid bodies on traditional steel bodies is achieved.

[0007] Optionally, the radius of the spherical surface is 100-1000mm. When the rivet is welded to the steel plate, the spherical surface radius in this range can ensure the effective discharge of the structural adhesive, and can also ensure that the height of the rivet end face protruding from the plate plane is within a certain range, and ensure that the rivet end face forms a weld nugget in the welding process, thereby obtaining better welding point performance.

[0008] Optionally, the height of the rivet head gradually decreases from the center to the edge. In this embodiment, the vertex of the spherical surface is at the center of the rivet head, which can effectively ensure the discharge of the structural adhesive during welding.

[0009] Optionally, the axis of the rivet hole passes through the highest point of the rivet head.

[0010] Optionally, the height of the rivet shoulder is 0.2-1 mm. When the rivet is welded to the steel plate, a molten core is formed at the spherical end of the rivet under the action of current and pressure during the welding process, which will reduce the height of the rivet shoulder. The height of the rivet shoulder after the welding process meets the requirements of the structural adhesive for the plate gap to ensure that the structural adhesive does not fail.

[0011] Optionally, a side surface of the rivet shoulder close to the rivet leg transitions to an outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg in an arc, which can provide sufficient strength for the rivet shoulder and enable the rivet point to obtain a greater riveting force.

[0012] Optionally, the end face of the rivet leg away from the rivet head is a plane, and the angle between the end face of the rivet leg away from the rivet head and the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg is a right angle. When the rivet in the device is used for punching, the rivet and the punching die on the other side of the plate can form a shear structure, so that the plate can be punched better.

[0013] Optionally, the end face of the rivet leg away from the rivet head is rounded to the inner wall of the rivet hole. When the rivet and the plate are interlocked, the second rivet die can be inserted into the rivet hole to apply pressure to the rivet leg, thereby deforming the rivet leg to form a lock and interlocking with the plate.

[0014] Optionally, the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg is a cylindrical surface, and the diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg is 4-8 mm, so that the strength of the rivet is moderate and failure will not occur during the riveting process.

[0015] Optionally, the rivet hole is a round hole, and the diameter of the rivet hole is 1-4 mm, which can better achieve interlocking riveting between the rivet and the plate and ensure the riveting performance.

[0016] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a riveted structure, including a riveted part and at least one layer of plate, wherein the riveted part is made of the above-mentioned rivet, and the end of the rivet leg of the rivet away from the rivet head is compressed to form a lock protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg, and the at least one layer of plate is clamped between the rivet shoulder and the lock.

[0017] According to the riveting structure provided in this embodiment, the rivet and the plate can be interlocked without deformation of the plate, and the requirements for the thickness and elongation of the plate are relatively low, and multiple layers of plate can be riveted. Riveting is achieved by deformation of the rivet legs. For plates within a certain thickness, the deformation length of the rivet legs of the same rivet can be used to correspond. For situations where the thickness difference is large, rivets with rivet legs of different lengths can be used to achieve riveting. At the same time, the same type of rivet can be used for plates within a certain thickness, and the deformation length of the rivet legs of the same rivet can be used to correspond. The types of rivets and the difficulty of production management are greatly reduced. At the same time, the rivets in this device have high versatility and are easy to implement large-scale production management.

[0018] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a riveted structure, including a riveted part, a welding plate and at least one layer of plate material, the riveted part is made of the above-mentioned rivet, the rivet leg of the rivet is inserted into the mounting hole formed on the at least one layer of plate material, the end of the rivet leg of the rivet away from the rivet head is compressed to form a lock protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg, the at least one layer of plate material is clamped between the rivet shoulder and the lock, and the rivet head is welded to the welding plate.

[0019] According to the riveting structure provided in this embodiment, the rivet shoulder and the lock buckle complete the riveting of at least one layer of plate, the rivet and the plate form a riveted joint after riveting, and then the riveted joint is welded to the welding plate through the spherical surface of the rivet. The plate in this embodiment can be aluminum alloy, the welding plate can be a steel plate, and the rivet is a steel nail.

[0020] Optionally, a structural adhesive layer is provided between the welding plate and the adjacent plate to bond the welding plate to the middle plate. The middle plate here refers to the plate layer closest to the welding plate.

[0021] Optionally, the welding plate is an ultra-high strength steel plate, and the at least one layer of plate is at least one layer of aluminum alloy plate.

[0022] Optionally, the welding plate is a steel plate or an ultra-high-strength steel plate, and the at least one layer of plate is a carbon fiber plate.

[0023] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a riveting device for forming the above-mentioned riveting structure, including a first riveting frame, a second riveting frame, a first riveting die and a second riveting die, the first riveting frame and the second riveting frame are used to clamp the at least one layer of plate; the first riveting die is slidably connected to the first riveting frame in a direction perpendicular to the at least one layer of plate, and the second riveting die can be slidably connected to the second riveting frame in a direction perpendicular to the at least one layer of plate; the first riveting die can push the rivet leg of the rivet to be inserted into the mounting hole formed on the at least one layer of plate, and press the rivet shoulder of the rivet against the side of the at least one layer of plate away from the second riveting frame, the second riveting die can slide to abut against the at least one layer of plate, and compress the end of the rivet leg of the rivet away from the rivet head to form a lock protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg, so that the at least one layer of plate is clamped between the rivet shoulder and the lock.

[0024] Optionally, a punching die is also included, and the second rivet die and the punching die can selectively slide into or out of the second riveting frame in a direction perpendicular to the at least one layer of plate. When the punching die slides into the second riveting frame and abuts against the at least one layer of plate, the first rivet die can push the rivet toward the at least one layer of plate to punch out the mounting hole for the rivet leg to be inserted in the at least one layer of plate.

[0025] According to the riveting equipment provided in this embodiment, the second riveting frame is fixed, and the first riveting frame can be moved in the up and down directions to place or remove the plate. Punching and riveting can be completed on a set of equipment by switching the punching die and the second riveting die, and there is no need to move parts, which improves the riveting accuracy and quality, and achieves punching and riveting in one sequence. At the same time, the device also includes welding equipment, and the components after riveting will be further subjected to welding procedures. The above-mentioned riveting equipment solves the problem of difficulty in connecting multi-layer plates of heterogeneous materials such as ultra-high-strength steel and aluminum, and realizes the co-production of multi-material hybrid bodies on traditional steel bodies.

[0026] Optionally, the riveting device further comprises a positioning claw for positioning the rivet, the positioning claw being arranged on the first riveting frame, and the positioning claw being used to clamp the rivet before punching out the mounting hole. Before the rivet contacts the plate, the positioning claw fixes the front end of the rivet and positions the rivet to facilitate subsequent punching and riveting work.

[0027] Optionally, the second riveting die is provided with a protrusion matching the rivet hole, and when the second riveting die compresses the rivet leg of the rivet, the protrusion is inserted into the rivet hole, so that the punching die can compress the rivet leg to form a lock. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1is a schematic structural diagram of a rivet provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a riveted structure without a welding plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a riveted structure including a welding plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is a flowchart of punching and riveting provided by a riveting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of punching and riveting provided by a riveting device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:

[0034] 1. Rivet; 2. Plate; 3. Riveted piece; 4. Welding plate; 5. Structural adhesive layer; 6. First riveting frame; 7. Second riveting frame; 8. First riveting die; 9. Second riveting die; 10. Punching die; 11. Rivet head; 12. Rivet leg; 13. Rivet shoulder; 14. Spherical surface; 15. Rivet hole; 31. Lock buckle; 40. Positioning claw; 50. Weld core; 91. Protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rivet, comprising a rivet head 11 and a rivet leg 12 connected to one end of the rivet head 11, wherein the portion of the rivet head 11 protruding from the rivet leg 12 forms a rivet shoulder 13, an end surface of the rivet head 11 facing away from the rivet leg 12 is a spherical surface 14 and protrudes away from the rivet leg 12, a rivet hole 15 extending along the axial direction of the rivet is provided in the rivet leg 12, an end of the rivet hole 15 close to the rivet head 11 is closed, and an end of the rivet hole 15 away from the rivet head 11 is open.

[0037] According to the rivet 1 provided in this embodiment, the aluminum alloy does not need to be pre-drilled during riveting, and the hole can be directly drilled using the device of the present invention, and the end of the rivet leg 12 away from the rivet head 11 is extended out of the hole. Then, pressure is applied to both ends of the rivet 1, so that the rivet shoulder 13 abuts against one side wall of the plate; at the same time, the rivet leg 12 around the rivet hole 15 is compressed and deformed under the action of pressure and abuts against the side wall of the plate away from the rivet shoulder 13, so that the deformed rivet leg 12 and the rivet shoulder 13 form an interlocking structure, thereby realizing the riveting of the rivet 1 with the plate. At the same time, the end face of the rivet away from the rivet leg 12 is a spherical surface 14, which can improve the welding performance of the rivet with other plates. For example, when connecting a single-layer or multi-layer aluminum alloy plate with a steel plate, the aluminum alloy plate is first drilled, and the rivet 1 interlocks with the aluminum alloy plate to form a riveted joint, and then the riveted joint is connected to the steel plate by welding. According to the rivet in this embodiment, the problem of difficulty in connecting multi-layer plates of heterogeneous materials such as ultra-high-strength steel and aluminum is solved, and the co-production of multi-material hybrid bodies on traditional steel bodies is realized. When the riveted joint is welded to the steel plate, the central convex area of ​​the spherical surface 14 first contacts the steel plate and can expel the structural adhesive, thereby preventing the structural adhesive from remaining inside the weld core, thereby effectively improving the welding quality.

[0038] In one embodiment, the radius of the spherical surface 14 is 100-1000 mm. When the rivet 1 is welded to the steel plate, the spherical surface radius in this range can ensure the effective discharge of the structural adhesive, and can also ensure that the height of the end face of the rivet 1 protruding from the plane of the plate is within a certain range, and ensure that the end face of the rivet forms a weld nugget (molten nugget) in the welding process, so as to obtain better welding point performance.

[0039] In one embodiment, the height of the rivet head 11 gradually decreases from the center to the edge. In this embodiment, the vertex of the spherical surface 14 is at the center of the rivet head 11, so that the discharge of the structural adhesive can be effectively guaranteed during welding.

[0040] In one embodiment, the height of the rivet shoulder 13 is 0.2-1 mm. When the rivet 1 is welded to the steel plate, the end of the spherical surface 14 of the rivet 1 forms a molten core 50 under the action of current and pressure during the welding process, which will reduce the height of the rivet shoulder 13. After the welding process is completed, the height of the rivet shoulder 13 meets the requirements of the structural adhesive for the plate gap to ensure that the structural adhesive does not fail.

[0041] In one embodiment, a side surface of the rivet shoulder 13 close to the rivet leg 12 transitions into an arc with the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg 12. This can provide sufficient strength for the rivet shoulder 13, so that the rivet point can obtain a greater riveting force.

[0042] In one embodiment, the axis of the rivet hole 15 passes through the highest point of the rivet head 11 .

[0043] In one embodiment, the end face of the rivet leg 12 away from the rivet head 11 is a plane, and the angle between the end face of the rivet leg 12 away from the rivet head 11 and the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg 12 is a right angle. When the rivet 1 in the device is used for punching, the rivet and the punching die 10 located on the other side of the plate can form a shear structure, so that the plate can be punched better.

[0044] In one embodiment, the end surface of the rivet leg 12 away from the rivet head 11 is rounded to the inner wall surface of the rivet hole 15. When the rivet and the plate are interlocked, the second rivet die 9 can be inserted into the rivet hole 15 to apply pressure to the rivet leg 12, so that the rivet leg 12 can be deformed to form a lock 31 and interlock with the plate.

[0045] In one embodiment, the outer circumference of the rivet leg 12 is a cylindrical surface, and the diameter of the outer circumference of the rivet leg 12 is 4-8 mm, so that the strength of the rivet is moderate and failure will not occur during the riveting process.

[0046] In one embodiment, the rivet hole 15 is a round hole, and the diameter of the rivet hole 15 is 1-4 mm, which can better achieve interlocking riveting between the rivet and the plate and ensure riveting performance.

[0047] On the other hand, Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a riveted structure, including a riveted component 3 and at least one layer of plate 2, the riveted component 3 is made of the above-mentioned rivet 1, the rivet leg 12 of the rivet 1 is inserted into the mounting hole formed on the at least one layer of plate 2, the end of the rivet leg 12 of the rivet 1 away from the rivet head 11 is compressed to form a lock 31 protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg 12, and the at least one layer of plate 2 is clamped between the rivet shoulder 13 and the lock 31. In this embodiment, the at least one layer of plate 2 includes two layers of aluminum alloy plates, namely the first substrate and the second substrate.

[0048] According to the riveting structure provided in this embodiment, the plate does not need to be deformed to achieve the interlocking of the rivet 1 and the plate, and the requirements for the thickness and elongation of the plate are relatively low, and multiple layers of plates can be riveted. In this embodiment, riveting is achieved by deforming the rivet legs 12. For plates within a certain thickness, the deformation length of the rivet legs 12 of the same rivet can be used to correspond. For situations where the thickness difference is large, rivets with rivet legs 12 of different lengths can be used to achieve riveting. At the same time, the same type of rivet can be used for plates within a certain thickness, and the deformation length of the rivet legs 12 of the same rivet can be used to correspond. The types of rivets and the difficulty of production management are greatly reduced. At the same time, the rivets in this device have high versatility and are easy to implement large-scale production management.

[0049] On the other hand, Figure 3As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a riveted structure, including a riveted component 3, a welding plate 4 and at least one layer of plate 2, the riveted component 3 is made of the above-mentioned rivet, the end of the rivet leg 12 of the rivet 1 away from the rivet head 11 is compressed to form a lock 31 protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg 12, at least one layer of plate 2 is clamped between the rivet shoulder 13 and the lock 31, and the rivet head 11 is welded to the welding plate 4.

[0050] According to the riveting structure provided in this embodiment, the rivet shoulder 13 and the lock 31 complete the riveting of at least one layer of the plate 2, and the rivet 1 after riveting forms a riveted joint with the plate, and then the riveted joint is welded to the welding plate 4 through the spherical surface 14 of the rivet. The plate in this embodiment can be an aluminum alloy, the welding plate 4 can be a steel plate, and the rivet is a steel nail. At the same time, the riveting structure in this embodiment also includes a welding device. During welding, the top of the rivet is welded to the steel plate. The setting of the spherical surface 14 of the rivet is conducive to the discharge of the structural adhesive, thereby improving the quality of the welding point.

[0051] In one embodiment, a structural adhesive layer 5 is provided between the welding plate 4 and the adjacent plate to bond the welding plate 4 and the middle plate. The middle plate here refers to the plate closest to the welding plate 4 among the plates.

[0052] In one embodiment, the welding plate 4 is an ultra-high strength steel plate, and at least one layer of plate material 2 is at least one layer of aluminum alloy plate. In this embodiment, after the single-layer or multi-layer aluminum alloy plate and the rivet form a riveted joint, the aluminum alloy plate with the rivet and the ultra-high strength steel plate are welded together by resistance spot welding, and finally the connection between the ultra-high strength steel and the aluminum alloy (single layer or multi-layer) is realized.

[0053] In another embodiment, the welding plate 4 is a steel plate or an ultra-high strength steel plate, and at least one layer of the plate 2 is a carbon fiber plate. In this embodiment, after some heterogeneous materials with poor plasticity such as carbon fiber and rivet 1 form a riveted joint, the carbon fiber plate with rivets and the steel plate or ultra-high strength steel plate are welded together by resistance spot welding. Finally, the connection of steel or ultra-high strength steel with heterogeneous materials such as carbon fiber is achieved.

[0054] On the other hand, Figure 5As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a riveting device for forming the above-mentioned riveting structure, including a first riveting frame 6, a second riveting frame 7, a first riveting die 8 and a second riveting die 9, the first riveting frame 6 and the second riveting frame 7 are used to clamp at least one layer of plate 2; the first riveting die 8 is slidably connected to the first riveting frame 6 along a direction perpendicular to the at least one layer of plate 2, and the second riveting die 9 can be slidably connected to the second riveting frame 7 along a direction perpendicular to the at least one layer of plate 2; the first riveting die 8 can push the rivet leg 12 of the rivet 1 to be inserted into the mounting hole formed on the at least one layer of plate 2, and make the rivet shoulder 13 of the rivet 1 pressed against the side of the at least one layer of plate 2 away from the second riveting frame 7, the second riveting die 9 can slide into the second riveting frame 7 and abut against the at least one layer of plate 2, and compress the end of the rivet leg 12 of the rivet 1 away from the rivet head 11 to form a lock 31 protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg 12, so that at least one layer of plate 2 is clamped between the rivet shoulder 13 and the lock 31. In this embodiment, at least one layer of the plate 2 is a carbon fiber plate. When the carbon fiber plate is synthesized, a mounting hole is prefabricated, and then the rivet is placed in the prefabricated hole for riveting. In this device, the rivet 1 and the plate 2 are interlocked mainly by the deformation of the rivet, and the plate 2 does not need to be deformed. Therefore, the elongation and other performance requirements of the riveted plate 2 are relatively low, and any material can be applied.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, a punching die 10 is further included, and the second rivet die 9 and the punching die 10 can selectively slide into or out of the second riveting frame 7 in a direction perpendicular to at least one layer of plate 2. When the punching die 10 slides into the second riveting frame 7 and abuts against at least one layer of plate 2, the first rivet die 8 can push the rivet 1 toward at least one layer of plate 2 to punch out a mounting hole for the rivet leg 12 to be inserted into at least one layer of plate 2. In this embodiment, at least one layer of plate 2 is a single-layer or multi-layer aluminum alloy plate, and the aluminum alloy plate does not need to be pre-drilled in advance, and piercing, drilling and riveting can be achieved through the rivet 1. In this embodiment, the punching and riveting of the aluminum alloy plate can be completed at one time, so that the rivet 1 and the aluminum alloy (one or more layers) are riveted together to form a firm riveted joint.

[0056] According to the riveting device provided in this embodiment, the second riveting frame 7 is fixed, and the first riveting frame 6 can move in the up and down direction to place or take out the plate. The device can drive the first riveting frame 6 to move up and down by a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or other equipment. When punching, after the rivet is loaded into the first riveting frame 6, the first riveting die 8 slides down to contact the end face of the rivet, and the rivet is fixed by the strong magnet on the end face of the first riveting die 8, and then slides until the rivet abuts against the plate and applies a certain pre-pressure. At the same time, the punching die 10 slides into the second riveting frame 7 until it abuts against the plate. The rivet and the punching die 10 form a cutting mechanism to complete the punching of the plate. In this embodiment, a hollow structure is provided in the punching die 10 to facilitate the discharge of the blanking of the plate. When the rivet and the punching die 10 cut and punch, the blanking of the plate falls into the hollow structure. Then the punching die 10 withdraws from the second riveting frame 7, and after taking out the blanking of the punching of the plate, the second riveting die 9 is switched to be slidably installed in the second riveting frame 7. The first riveting die 8 drives the rivet leg 12 in the rivet to pass through the mounting leg, and the second riveting die 9 compresses the end of the rivet leg 12 of the rivet away from the rivet head 11, and forms a lock 31 protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg 12, so that at least one layer of the plate 2 is clamped between the rivet shoulder 13 and the lock 31, thereby achieving punching and riveting on a set of equipment without moving parts, improving the riveting accuracy and quality, and achieving one-step completion of punching and riveting. In this embodiment, the punching die 10 and the second riveting die 9 are installed on a circular platform, which can rotate and move up and down, and can be driven to rotate or move up and down by an external component such as a motor or a cylinder, thereby completing the switching of the punching die 10 and the second riveting die 9, and the punching die 10 and the second riveting die 9 complete their respective work. At the same time, the device also includes a welding device, and the components after riveting will be further subjected to a welding process. Before welding, the rivet on the surface to be welded protrudes a certain height from the plane of the plate (aluminum alloy), and after welding, a molten core 50 is formed at the front end of the rivet, and the height of the protruding plane is slightly reduced. This height meets the requirements of structural adhesive for the gap between plates, and finally obtains a good resistance spot welding joint. The above riveting equipment solves the problem of difficult connection of multi-layer plates of heterogeneous materials such as ultra-high-strength steel and aluminum, and realizes the co-production of multi-material hybrid bodies on the traditional steel body line.

[0057] In one embodiment, the riveting device further includes a positioning claw 40 for positioning the rivet, the positioning claw 40 is arranged on the first riveting frame 6, and the positioning claw 40 is used to clamp the rivet before punching out the mounting hole. In this embodiment, the positioning claw 40 is composed of three bar-shaped claws at an angle of 120 degrees to each other. Before the rivet contacts the plate, the positioning claw 40 fixes the front end of the rivet and positions the rivet to facilitate subsequent punching and riveting work.

[0058] In one embodiment, the second rivet die 9 is provided with a protrusion 91 matching the rivet hole 15. When the second rivet die 9 compresses the rivet leg 12 of the rivet 1, the protrusion 91 is inserted into the rivet hole 15, so that the punching die 10 can compress the rivet leg 12 to form a lock 31.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rivet, characterized in that: It comprises a rivet head and a rivet leg connected to one end of the rivet head, the part of the rivet head protruding from the rivet leg forms a rivet shoulder, the end face of the rivet head facing away from the rivet leg is a spherical surface and protrudes away from the rivet leg, a rivet hole extending along the axial direction of the rivet is arranged in the rivet leg, the end of the rivet hole close to the rivet head is closed, and the end of the rivet hole away from the rivet head is open.

2. The rivet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of the spherical surface is 100-1000 mm.

3. The rivet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the rivet head gradually decreases from the center to the edge.

4. The rivet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The axis of the rivet hole passes through the highest point of the rivet head.

5. The rivet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the rivet shoulder is 0.2-1 mm.

6. The rivet according to claim 1, characterized in that: A surface of one side of the rivet shoulder close to the rivet leg transitions to an outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg in an arc shape.

7. The rivet according to claim 1, characterized in that: An end surface of the rivet leg away from the rivet head is a plane, and an angle between the end surface of the rivet leg away from the rivet head and an outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg is a right angle.

8. The rivet according to claim 1, characterized in that: An end surface of the rivet leg away from the rivet head is in a rounded transition with an inner wall surface of the rivet hole.

9. The rivet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumferential surface of the rivet leg is a cylindrical surface, and the diameter of the outer circumferential surface of the rivet leg is 4-8 mm.

10. The rivet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rivet hole is a round hole, and the diameter of the rivet hole is 1-4 mm.

11. A riveted structure, characterized in that: It comprises a rivet and at least one layer of plate, wherein the rivet is made of the rivet described in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein one end of the rivet leg of the rivet away from the rivet head is compressed to form a lock protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg, and the at least one layer of plate is clamped between the rivet shoulder and the lock.

12. A riveted structure, characterized in that: It comprises a riveted part, a welding plate and at least one layer of plate material, wherein the riveted part is made of the rivet according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the rivet leg of the rivet is inserted into a mounting hole formed on the at least one layer of plate material, the end of the rivet leg of the rivet away from the rivet head is compressed to form a lock protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg, the at least one layer of plate material is clamped between the rivet shoulder and the lock, and the rivet head is welded to the welding plate.

13. The riveted structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: A structural adhesive layer is arranged between the welding plate and the at least one adjacent plate layer.

14. The riveted structure according to any one of claims 12 to 13, characterized in that: The welding plate is an ultra-high strength steel plate, and the at least one layer of plate is at least one layer of aluminum alloy plate.

15. The riveted structure according to any one of claims 12 to 13, characterized in that: The welding plate is a steel plate or an ultra-high strength steel plate, and the at least one layer of plate is a carbon fiber plate.

16. A riveting device for forming the riveted structure according to any one of claims 12 to 13, characterized in that: It comprises a first riveting frame, a second riveting frame, a first riveting die and a second riveting die, wherein the first riveting frame and the second riveting frame are used to clamp the at least one layer of plate; The first riveting die is slidably connected to the first riveting frame along a direction perpendicular to the at least one layer of plate, and the second riveting die can be slidably connected to the second riveting frame along a direction perpendicular to the at least one layer of plate; The first riveting die can push the rivet leg of the rivet to be inserted into the mounting hole formed on the at least one layer of plate, and press the rivet shoulder of the rivet against the side of the at least one layer of plate facing away from the second riveting frame. The second rivet die can slide to abut against the at least one layer of plate, and compress the end of the rivet leg of the rivet away from the rivet head to form a lock protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the rivet leg, so that the at least one layer of plate is clamped between the rivet shoulder and the lock.

17. The riveting device according to claim 16, characterized in that It also includes a punching die, and the second rivet die and the punching die can selectively slide into or out of the second riveting frame in a direction perpendicular to the at least one layer of plate. When the punching die slides into the second riveting frame and abuts against the at least one layer of plate, the first rivet die can push the rivet toward the at least one layer of plate to punch out the mounting hole for the rivet leg to be inserted into the at least one layer of plate.

18. The riveting device according to claim 16, characterized in that: It also includes a positioning claw for positioning the rivet, the positioning claw is arranged on the first riveting frame, and the positioning claw is used to clamp the rivet before punching out the mounting hole.

19. The riveting device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The second riveting die is provided with a protrusion matching the rivet hole. When the second riveting die compresses the rivet leg of the rivet, the protrusion is inserted into the rivet hole.

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