Vibration isolation unit, assembly and structure
By configuring the first and second substrates with different cross-sectional areas and material elastic modulus, combined with the design of the phase adjuster, the light weight, small size and significant improvement in the vibration isolation structure are achieved, and the problems of large mass and large size of the existing vibration isolation structure are solved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411972561.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-18
AI Technical Summary
The existing vibration isolation structure has problems such as large mass, large size in the vibration transmission direction, and relatively insufficient vibration isolation performance.
Using the first and second substrates made of elastic material, by configuring the difference in their cross-sectional area and the elastic modulus of the material, a phase regulator is used to achieve the opposite phase of the vibration and sufficient cancellation of dynamic force excitation.
The vibration isolation performance in the series design frequency band has been significantly improved, with the advantages of light weight and small size. It has advantages over the vibration isolation method of using periodic design to obtain elastic wave band-disconnection in the prior art.
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Figure CN119641839A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vibration isolation technology, and in particular to a vibration isolation unit, component and structure. Background Art
[0002] In recent years, new vibration isolation designs based on phononic crystals and acoustic metamaterials have received a lot of attention. These materials obtain elastic wave bandgap through reasonable periodic design, thereby effectively suppressing the vibration transmission within the bandgap. However, in order to meet the vibration isolation requirements, the vibration isolation structure made of these materials has the problems of large mass and large size in the vibration transmission direction.
[0003] Therefore, providing a vibration isolation unit, component and structure with good performance, light weight and small size is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention
[0004] The present invention discloses a vibration isolation unit, component and structure to solve the technical problems of large mass and large size in the vibration transmission direction of the vibration isolation structure in the related art, and to significantly improve the vibration isolation performance of the designed frequency band.
[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, a vibration isolation unit is disclosed, comprising a first substrate and a second substrate; The first substrate and the second substrate are made of elastic material; The first substrate and the second substrate are configured as follows: the total cross-sectional area of one of them is greater than the total cross-sectional area of the other; and the elastic modulus of the material used to prepare the one with a smaller total cross-sectional area is greater than the elastic modulus of the material used to prepare the one with a larger total cross-sectional area; the ratio of the elastic modulus to the density of the material used to prepare the first substrate is different from the ratio of the elastic modulus to the density of the material used to prepare the second substrate.
[0006] In some embodiments, a phase adjuster is also included; the phase adjuster is disposed on the first substrate or the second substrate.
[0007] In some aspects, the phase adjuster includes an elastic member and a weight member; The counterweight is arranged on the first base or the second base through an elastic member.
[0008] In some embodiments, the mass of one of the first substrate and the second substrate is greater than the mass of the other; The phase adjuster is arranged on the one with smaller mass.
[0009] In some schemes, the first substrate and the second substrate, the one with a smaller cross-sectional area is in plurality and is arranged around the one with a larger cross-sectional area.
[0010] In some schemes, the first substrate and the second substrate, the one with a larger cross-sectional area is hollow, and the one with a smaller cross-sectional area is arranged inside the one with a larger cross-sectional area.
[0011] In some embodiments, one or two mounting substrates are also included; When there is only one mounting substrate, the top or bottom of the first substrate and the second substrate is connected to the mounting substrate; When there are two mounting substrates, the top and the bottom of the first base body and the second base body are respectively connected with a mounting substrate.
[0012] In a second aspect, a vibration isolation assembly is disclosed, comprising the vibration isolation unit of the first aspect and two fixing plates; A plurality of vibration isolation units are arranged between two fixing plates along their axial directions.
[0013] In some solutions, there are multiple vibration isolation assemblies, which can be stacked along their own axial direction.
[0014] In a third aspect, a vibration isolation structure is disclosed, comprising an outer frame and the plurality of vibration isolation components in the second aspect; A plurality of vibration isolation components are arranged in the outer frame.
[0015] The technical solution adopted by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: The vibration isolation unit of the present application has a cross-sectional area of one of the first substrate and the second substrate that is larger than the cross-sectional area of the other, and the elastic modulus of the material for preparing the smaller cross-sectional area is larger than the elastic modulus of the material for preparing the larger cross-sectional area, and the ratio of the elastic modulus to density of the material for preparing the first substrate is different from the ratio of the elastic modulus to density of the material for preparing the second substrate, so that the longitudinal wave wavelength and phase change transmitted by the first substrate are different from the longitudinal wave wavelength and phase change transmitted by the second substrate. In this way, within the series design frequency band, the vibration transmitted by the first substrate from the input end to the output end is opposite to the phase of the vibration transmitted by the second substrate from the input end to the output end, and the force transmitted by the first substrate and the second substrate should be as close as possible, so as to fully offset the dynamic force excitation transmitted by the first substrate and the second substrate. The present invention uses the method of offsetting the vibration transmitted by the first substrate and the second substrate, which has the advantages of light weight and small size compared with the vibration isolation method of obtaining elastic wave bandgap by periodic design in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0017] Figure 1 The axial view of the vibration isolation assembly of the present invention is Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The axial view of the vibration isolation assembly of the present invention is Figure 2 ; Figure 3 The axial view of the vibration isolation assembly of the present invention is Figure 3 ; Figure 4 The axial view of the vibration isolation assembly of the present invention is Figure 4 ; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the vibration isolation assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the vibration isolation structure of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the vibration isolation structure of the present invention Figure 2 .
[0018] In the figure: 100 - vibration isolation unit, 110 - first base, 120 - second base, 130 - mounting base plate, 140 - phase adjuster, 141 - elastic member, 142 - counterweight member; 200-vibration isolation assembly, 210-fixing plate, 220-connecting piece; 300-vibration isolation structure, 310-external frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.
[0021] The inventors have found that in recent years, new vibration isolation designs based on design concepts such as phononic crystals and acoustic metamaterials have received a series of attention. The above-mentioned materials obtain elastic wave bandgap through reasonable periodic design, thereby achieving effective suppression of vibration transmission within the bandgap. However, the vibration isolation structure 300 made of the above-mentioned material usually requires three or even more periods to achieve a significant vibration isolation effect. At the same time, obtaining a wider effective bandgap usually requires additional large quality costs. Accordingly, the vibration isolation structure 300 made of the above-mentioned material has the problems of large mass, large size in the vibration transmission direction, and relatively insufficient vibration reduction effect.
[0022] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 8 , a vibration isolation unit 100, components and structures provided in the present application are described in detail through specific embodiments and application scenarios.
[0023] The vibration isolation unit 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, it includes a first base 110 , a second base 120 , a phase adjuster 140 and a mounting substrate 130 .
[0024] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are made of elastic material. The first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are made of elastic material, so that when they are used as the vibration isolation unit 100 and form a vibration isolation system together with the vibration isolation equipment and the installation foundation, effective vibration isolation can be achieved; at the same time, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 have strong adaptability and can respond quickly regardless of whether the vibration is high frequency or low frequency, large amplitude or small amplitude. In addition, the elastic material has a lighter weight, which is conducive to reducing the weight of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120.
[0025] In addition, the elastic material also has good durability and fatigue resistance. Under long-term or high-intensity vibration excitation, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 can maintain stable performance and are not prone to fatigue damage.
[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are made of rubber material. As a matter of course, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 can also be made of other elastic materials, which is not limited in the present embodiment. Accordingly, in addition to the elastic materials in the conventional sense, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 can also be metal springs, air springs, etc.
[0027] In this embodiment, the cross-sections of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 may be circular, rectangular, elliptical, triangular, or other shapes, which are not limited in this embodiment.
[0028] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are configured as follows: the cross-sectional area of one is larger than the cross-sectional area of the other; and the elastic modulus of the material for preparing the one with a smaller cross-sectional area is greater than the elastic modulus of the material for preparing the one with a larger cross-sectional area; the ratio of the elastic modulus to the density of the material for preparing the first substrate 110 is different from the ratio of the elastic modulus to the density of the material for preparing the second substrate 120.
[0029] Since the cross-sectional area of one of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the other, and the elastic modulus of the material used to prepare the one with the smaller cross-sectional area is larger than the elastic modulus of the material used to prepare the one with the larger cross-sectional area, and since the ratio of the elastic modulus to the density of the material used to prepare the first substrate 110 is different from the ratio of the elastic modulus to the density of the material used to prepare the first substrate 110, the wavelength of the longitudinal wave transmitted by the first substrate 110 and the wavelength of the longitudinal wave transmitted by the first substrate 110 are different. In this way, within the series design frequency band, the phase of the vibration transmitted by the first substrate 110 from the input end to the output end is opposite to the phase of the vibration transmitted by the first substrate 110 from the input end to the output end, and the forces transmitted by the first substrate 110 and the first substrate 110 should be as close as possible, thereby fully offsetting the dynamic force excitation transmitted by the first substrate 110 and the first substrate 110.
[0030] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the first substrate 110 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the second substrate 120 , and the elastic modulus of the material used to make the second substrate 120 is greater than the elastic modulus of the material used to make the first substrate 110 .
[0031] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the first substrate 110 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second substrate 120 , and the elastic modulus of the material used to prepare the second substrate 120 is smaller than the elastic modulus of the material used to prepare the first substrate 110 .
[0032] In the above two embodiments, the vibration and dynamic force excitation offsetting method transmitted by the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 is used, which has the advantages of light weight and small size compared with the vibration isolation method of obtaining elastic wave bandgap by periodic design in the prior art.
[0033] It should be noted that the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 only have a significant effect of improving vibration isolation in some frequency bands. In some frequency bands, the vibrations transmitted by the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 have the same phase of dynamic force excitation / vibration excitation transmitted by the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. At this time, the vibration isolation performance cannot be significantly improved, and it can only achieve a slight improvement in comprehensive performance compared to the traditional vibration isolation design. However, in other frequency bands, the dynamic force excitation / vibration excitation transmitted by the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 have opposite phases, and the dynamic force excitation / vibration excitation cancel each other out, thereby significantly improving the vibration isolation performance. Due to the designability of the dynamic force excitation / vibration excitation canceling frequency band, it can obtain outstanding comparative advantages in the vibration isolation of rotating equipment / components.
[0034] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the phase adjuster 140 is disposed on the first substrate 110 or the second substrate 120 .
[0035] In some embodiments, the phase adjuster 140 is disposed on the first substrate 110 .
[0036] In some embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the phase adjuster 140 is disposed on the second base body 120 .
[0037] Regardless of whether the phase adjuster 140 is disposed on the first substrate 110 or on the second substrate 120, the phase adjuster 140 can generate significantly amplified positive / negative equivalent mass near the resonance frequency, so that the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 can achieve anti-phase at more fundamental frequencies and their multiples, thereby achieving effective offset of the vibrations transmitted by the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 at more frequencies.
[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the phase adjuster 140 includes an elastic member 141 and a weight member 142 .
[0039] In some embodiments, the weight member 142 is disposed on the first base 110 through the elastic member 141 .
[0040] In some embodiments, the weight member 142 is disposed on the second base 120 through the elastic member 141 .
[0041] During the phase adjustment process, the elastic member 141 and the weight member 142 work together to achieve dynamic adjustment. When an external force acts on the phase adjuster 140, the elastic member 141 stores and releases energy, while the weight member 142 resists this change due to its inertia. This interaction causes the output phase of the phase adjuster 140 to change, thereby playing a role in adjusting the phase of the first substrate 110 or the second substrate 120.
[0042] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the mass of one of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 is greater than the mass of the other, and the phase adjuster 140 is arranged on the one with smaller mass. The larger the mass of an object, the greater its inertia, that is, the greater the force or energy required to change its state of motion, and the energy required for the phase adjuster 140 to adjust the phase will also increase accordingly, which will inevitably increase the mass of the phase adjuster 140. Therefore, by arranging the phase adjuster 140 on the one with smaller mass, the energy required for the phase adjuster 140 to adjust the phase can be reduced, thereby reducing the mass of the phase adjuster 140, which is conducive to the lightweight design of the vibration isolation unit 100.
[0043] In some embodiments, the first substrate 110 has a relatively small mass, and the phase adjuster 140 is disposed on the first substrate 110 .
[0044] In some embodiments, the second substrate 120 has a relatively small mass, and the phase adjuster 140 is disposed on the second substrate 120 .
[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 have a plurality of smaller cross-sectional areas, which are arranged around the one with a larger cross-sectional area; wherein the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of smaller cross-sectional areas is greater than the cross-sectional area of the one with a larger cross-sectional area.
[0046] In some embodiments, there are multiple first substrates 110 disposed around the second substrate 120 .
[0047] In some embodiments, there are multiple second substrates 120 disposed around the first substrate 110 .
[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, the one with a larger cross-sectional area is hollow, and the one with a smaller cross-sectional area is arranged inside the one with a larger cross-sectional area.
[0049] In some embodiments, the first substrate 110 is hollow, and the second substrate 120 is disposed in the first substrate 110 .
[0050] In some embodiments, the second substrate 120 is hollow, and the first substrate 110 is disposed in the second substrate 120 .
[0051] The above four embodiments are specific arrangements of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 during actual use, and all of them can enable the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 to transmit vibrations and offset each other.
[0052] Among them, as this embodiment adopts the method that the first substrate 110 is hollow and the second substrate 120 is located inside the first substrate 110, or the second substrate 120 is hollow and the first substrate 110 is arranged inside the second substrate 120, the volume of the vibration isolation unit 100 can be reduced, and then the size of the vibration isolation unit 100 can be reduced.
[0053] In some embodiments, the mounting substrate 130 is one, and the top or bottom of the first base 110 and the second base 120 is connected to the mounting substrate 130 .
[0054] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, there are two mounting substrates 130 , and the top and the bottom of the first base 110 and the second base 120 are respectively connected with a mounting substrate 130 .
[0055] As a basic component, the mounting substrate 130 not only provides a stable mounting platform for the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, but also ensures the relative position and connection stability between them, thereby avoiding the situation where the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 cannot transmit vibration at the same time.
[0056] In this embodiment, the first base 110 and the second base 120 may be connected to the mounting substrate 130 by bonding, welding, clamping, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.
[0057] Some embodiments of the present application also provide a vibration isolation assembly 200, such as Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, it includes a plurality of vibration isolation units 100 and two fixing plates 210 .
[0058] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of vibration isolation units 100 are arranged between two fixed plates 210 along their own axial direction. The vibrations transmitted by the vibration isolation unit 100 through the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 cancel each other out, thereby achieving the purpose of vibration isolation. By setting a plurality of vibration isolation units 100, the cross-sectional area is dispersed to a plurality of vibration isolation units 100 while the total cross-sectional area remains unchanged, thereby reducing the size of a single vibration isolation unit 100, which is conducive to better presenting the vibration characteristics of the one-dimensional rod structure, facilitating design, and improving the overall stability of the vibration isolation assembly 200 through dispersed arrangement.
[0059] The two fixing plates 210 provide a mounting base for the plurality of vibration isolation units 100 , and integrate the plurality of vibration isolation units 100 together, thereby better isolating the vibration of the mechanical equipment.
[0060] As an option of this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, a connecting member 220 is provided on the fixing plate 210 for hanging and installing the vibration isolation assembly 200 .
[0061] like Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, there are multiple vibration isolation assemblies 200, which can be stacked along their own axial direction.
[0062] When the structural parameters of several vibration isolation assemblies 200 are consistent, the vibration isolation performance can be improved in a superimposed manner. When the structural parameters of several vibration isolation assemblies 200 are inconsistent, the vibration isolation performance can be improved in more frequency ranges through differentiated design.
[0063] Some embodiments of the present application also provide a vibration isolation structure 300, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, it includes an outer frame 310 and a plurality of vibration isolation components 200 .
[0064] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the vibration isolation assembly 200 is disposed in an outer frame 310. The outer frame 310 can improve the safety and stability of the vibration isolation assembly 200 under complex external loads, so as to better isolate the vibration of the mechanical equipment.
[0065] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.
[0066] In addition, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.
[0067] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A vibration isolation unit, characterized in that: comprising a first substrate and a second substrate; The first substrate and the second substrate are made of elastic material; The first substrate and the second substrate are configured as follows: the total cross-sectional area of one of them is greater than the total cross-sectional area of the other; and the elastic modulus of the material used to prepare the one with a smaller total cross-sectional area is greater than the elastic modulus of the material used to prepare the one with a larger total cross-sectional area; the ratio of the elastic modulus to the density of the material used to prepare the first substrate is different from the ratio of the elastic modulus to the density of the material used to prepare the second substrate.
2. A vibration isolation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a phase adjuster; the phase adjuster is arranged on the first substrate or the second substrate.
3. A vibration isolation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The phase adjuster includes an elastic member and a counterweight member; The counterweight is disposed on the first substrate or the second substrate through the elastic member.
4. A vibration isolation unit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The mass of one of the first substrate and the second substrate is greater than the mass of the other; The phase adjuster is arranged on the one with smaller mass.
5. A vibration isolation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first substrate and the second substrate have a plurality of substrates with a smaller cross-sectional area, and the plurality of substrates are arranged around the substrate with a larger cross-sectional area.
6. A vibration isolation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first substrate and the second substrate, the one with a larger cross-sectional area is hollow, and the one with a smaller cross-sectional area is arranged inside the one with a larger cross-sectional area.
7. A vibration isolation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is one or two mounting base plates; When there is one mounting substrate, the top or bottom of the first substrate and the second substrate is connected to the mounting substrate; When there are two mounting substrates, the top and the bottom of the first base and the second base are respectively connected with one mounting substrate.
8. A vibration isolation assembly, characterized in that: A vibration isolation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and two fixing plates; The plurality of vibration isolation units are arranged between the two fixing plates along their axial directions.
9. The vibration isolation assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: There are multiple vibration isolation components, which can be stacked along their own axial direction.
10. A vibration isolation structure, characterized in that: comprising an outer frame and a plurality of vibration isolation assemblies according to claim 9; A plurality of vibration isolation components are arranged in the outer frame.