Online monitoring system and method for air braking performance of long and large marshalling freight train

Abstract

The invention discloses an online monitoring system and method for the air braking performance of a long marshalling freight train, and the system comprises a power module, a pressure monitoring module, a vibration monitoring module, a data storage and transmission module, and an upper computer. Dynamic change data of pressure of a braking system and vibration data of a braking valve in the braking process are obtained through a pressure monitoring module and a vibration monitoring module, a truck is organized into a group for a loaded truck experiment, and a truck air braking prediction model is built by means of Matlab simulation software and carried on a train monitoring platform. Prediction values of pressure of all pipelines and cylinder bodies of a braking system are returned to be compared with real pressure values, the leakage rate of the pressure values of all the pipelines and the cylinder bodies, whether the 120 valve effect is good or not and whether braking and relieving delay of a train are normal or not are analyzed and evaluated, and safety early warning is given out when abnormal conditions occur. The method can be used for monitoring the state of the heavy-load train and has application value in the early warning aspect of a train braking system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transportation, and in particular relates to an online monitoring system and method for air brake performance of a long-length freight train. Background Art

[0002] The 20,000-ton heavy-load train adopts the "1+1 marshaling" method, and the longitudinal dynamics of the long marshaling train has a huge impact on the safe operation of the train, which also puts a test on the air brake system. Abnormal changes in the brake system pressure will lead to weakening or strengthening of the braking force, affecting the orderly operation of the system and affecting the safe operation of the entire train. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to monitor the working status of the train brake system in real time, detect abnormal conditions in time and issue operation warnings.

[0003] The current train air brake monitoring system mainly focuses on the acceleration of the brake cylinder and brake valve. In fact, the braking and release of the train are directly controlled by the pressure changes in the train pipe. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive monitoring of the pipes, cylinders and brake valves in the system.

[0004] The online monitoring system for train air brake performance proposed in the present invention can realize real-time monitoring of train pipe pressure level, brake system charging and exhaust performance and brake valve vibration under different operating conditions and complex line conditions, involving the measurement of parameters such as pressure and acceleration. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies, the inventor of the present invention has continuously reformed and innovated through long-term exploration and attempts, multiple experiments and efforts, and proposed an online monitoring system and method for the air brake performance of long-length freight trains. The present invention is not limited to the pressure of the braking system, but takes the vibration acceleration of the brake valve body as an evaluation index. Excessive acceleration values ​​may cause accidental pressure relief of the valve body, causing the air cylinder pressure to drop. At the same time, the four key freight cars in the 20,000-ton train are monitored. There are two tested freight cars on each side of the central locomotive, which can comprehensively and accurately monitor the status of the train braking system and provide safety protection for the operation of the 20,000-ton train.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide an online monitoring system for the air brake performance of a long and large marshaled freight train, which comprises: a power module: as a power source, supplying power to the following pressure monitoring module, vibration monitoring module, and data storage and transmission module; Pressure monitoring module: Install pressure sensors on the train pipe, brake cylinder, auxiliary air cylinder, and deceleration air cylinder to monitor the dynamic changes of brake system pressure; Vibration monitoring module: Install the acceleration sensor on the train brake valve body to monitor the vibration of the brake valve during braking; Data storage and transmission module: stores the pressure values ​​collected by each pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration values ​​collected by the acceleration sensor during train operation in real time, and sends the data to the monitoring and analysis module; Monitoring and analysis module: Receives data sent by the data storage and transmission module. The monitoring and analysis module is equipped with a truck air brake prediction model established based on historical measured data. It compares the predicted values ​​of the pressure of each pipeline and cylinder of the brake system of the prediction model with the actual pressure value obtained by the pressure monitoring module. Combined with the vibration acceleration of the brake valve, it analyzes whether there is an abnormal state in the train operation, and issues an alarm if there is an abnormality.

[0007] According to the online monitoring system for the air brake performance of a long and large freight train described in the present invention, a further preferred technical solution is: the power module is a power generation device installed on the bogie wheel pair, and the axle end power generation device is installed on any wheel pair of the bogie of the freight car.

[0008] According to the online monitoring system for the air brake performance of a long and large freight train described in the present invention, a further preferred technical solution is: the acceleration sensor installed on the brake valve body has a three-way acceleration channel to achieve more comprehensive and accurate measurement.

[0009] According to the online monitoring system for the air brake performance of long and large freight trains described in the present invention, a further preferred technical solution is: the data storage and transmission device is integrated with the electrical cabinet, and the connecting wires to the sensor are provided with a protective layer to isolate the intrusion of foreign objects.

[0010] According to the online monitoring system for the air brake performance of a long and large freight train described in the present invention, a further preferred technical solution is: the pressure monitoring module and the vibration monitoring module are arranged in two freight cars with the worst braking performance in a single train for monitoring; four freight cars are arranged for monitoring when two trains are coupled together, with two freight cars being tested on each side of the central locomotive.

[0011] An online monitoring method for air brake performance of a long-length freight train comprises the following steps: S1: using a pressure monitoring module to collect pressure data of a train pipe, a brake cylinder, an auxiliary air cylinder, and an acceleration and deceleration air cylinder; using a vibration monitoring module to collect vibration data of a brake valve during braking; S2: The data storage and transmission system stores the pressure data and vibration data collected by the pressure monitoring module and the vibration monitoring module during train operation in real time, and transmits the data to the monitoring and analysis module as measured data; S3: The trucks are put into the marshaling group for heavy vehicle experiments. The truck air brake prediction model is built with Matlab simulation software using historical measured data. The prediction model is installed in the monitoring and analysis module. The prediction model outputs the predicted values ​​of the pressure of each pipeline and cylinder of the brake system in real time. S4: comparing the predicted values ​​of the pressures of each pipeline and cylinder of the brake system with the actual pressure values ​​through the monitoring and analysis module; S5: Analyze whether the pipeline pressure is leaking and whether the brake valve functions normally, and issue a safety warning when an abnormal situation occurs.

[0012] According to the online monitoring method of the air brake performance of a long and large freight train described in the present invention, its further preferred technical solution is: after step S2, it also includes a testing step, performing a pressure maintenance test on the train to ensure that the installation of the pressure sensor will not affect the brake pipeline, and verifying the pressure of the train pipe, brake cylinder, auxiliary air cylinder, and deceleration air cylinder; testing the storage and data transmission stability of the data storage and transmission system.

[0013] According to the online monitoring method of the air brake performance of a long-length freight train described in the present invention, its further preferred technical solution is: in step S5, the specific analysis content includes: the data storage and transmission system will store the pressure data of the brake cylinder, auxiliary air cylinder, acceleration and deceleration air cylinder, train pipe and the vibration data of the 120 type brake valve, and transmit the data to the monitoring and analysis module, analyze and evaluate the leakage of each pipeline and cylinder pressure value, whether it is less than 20kpa / min; whether the 120 valve works well, and whether it fluctuates narrowly within the range of 9.60m / s2 to 10.0m / s2; whether the braking and relief delays of the long-length train are the same as the simulation results.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages / benefits: 1. The present invention is not limited to the pressure of the brake system, but takes the vibration acceleration of the brake valve body as an evaluation index. An excessively large acceleration value may cause the valve body to release pressure unexpectedly, causing the air cylinder pressure to drop.

[0015] 2. The present invention uses a customized shaft-end power generation device to ensure a stable power supply when the train is running, overcomes the disadvantage of insufficient power supply capacity of traditional batteries, and can meet the needs of long-term service performance monitoring.

[0016] 3. The present invention monitors the four key freight cars in a 20,000-ton train. There are two freight cars under test in each of the two central locomotives. It can comprehensively and accurately monitor the status of the train's braking system and provide safety protection for the operation of the 20,000-ton train. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of an online monitoring method for air brake performance of a long-length freight train.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure sensor installation.

[0020] Figure 3 It is the acceleration sensor monitoring point map.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a simulation diagram of the monitoring system.

[0022] Figure 5 is the simulation result of the brake cylinder pressure.

[0023] Figure 6 is a graph of brake relief delay versus parking space. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided below is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, an online monitoring system for air brake performance of a long-length freight train comprises: a power module: serving as a power source to supply power to the following pressure monitoring module, vibration monitoring module, and data storage and transmission module; Pressure monitoring module: Install pressure sensors on the train pipe, brake cylinder, auxiliary air cylinder, and deceleration air cylinder to monitor the dynamic changes of brake system pressure; Vibration monitoring module: Install the acceleration sensor on the train brake valve body to monitor the vibration of the brake valve during braking; Data storage and transmission module: It stores the pressure values ​​collected by each pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration values ​​collected by the acceleration sensor during train operation in real time, and sends the data to the monitoring and analysis module. The built-in large-capacity hard disk for data storage can meet the needs of long-term service performance monitoring; Monitoring and analysis module: receiving data sent by the data storage and transmission module, the monitoring and analysis module is equipped with a truck air brake prediction model established based on historical measured data (based on longitudinal dynamics and gas flow theory, a 20,000-ton long-formation heavy-load train air brake model is established, and the model is used to predict the pressure of each pipeline, cylinder, and brake valve in the system), and the predicted value of the pressure of each pipeline and cylinder of the brake system of the prediction model is compared with the actual pressure value obtained by the pressure monitoring module, and the vibration acceleration of the brake valve is combined to analyze whether there is an abnormal state in the train operation, and an alarm is issued if there is an abnormality. The monitoring and analysis module of the present invention refers to a vehicle-mounted computer, which can be installed near the detection module. If necessary, an additional host computer can be set in the cab or on the ground. At this time, the communication method can use wireless mode to transmit data.

[0026] The power module is a power generation device installed on the bogie wheelset. The axle end power generation device is installed on any wheelset of the bogie of the freight car. For example, the axle end power generation device is installed on the 1st wheelset of the bogie of the C80 freight car.

[0027] The vibration acceleration sensor installed on the brake valve body has a 3-way acceleration channel to achieve more comprehensive and accurate measurement.

[0028] The data storage and transmission device is integrated into the electrical cabinet, and the connection lines with the sensor are all protected by a protective layer to isolate the intrusion of foreign objects from the outside. The data storage and transmission device is integrated into the electrical cabinet, and the connection lines with the sensor are all protected by a protective layer to isolate the intrusion of foreign objects from the outside, and can work under the complex operation of freight trains.

[0029] A pressure maintenance test module is also provided to perform pressure maintenance tests on the train to ensure that the installation of the pressure sensor will not affect the brake pipeline and to verify the pressure of the train pipe, brake cylinder, auxiliary air cylinder, and deceleration air cylinder.

[0030] A transmission device is installed at the front of the train. The transmission device corresponds to the transmission part of the data storage and transmission module. Data is mainly transmitted in a wired manner. When necessary, wireless transmission can be used.

[0031] The pressure monitoring module and the vibration monitoring module are set to monitor the two freight cars with the worst braking performance in a single train; four freight cars are set to monitor two trains reconnected, and two freight cars are tested on both sides of the central locomotive. That is, when a 20,000-ton train is formed by reconnecting two 10,000-ton trains, the parts with the worst braking performance are generally distributed in the middle and tail of the 10,000-ton train, and it is difficult to monitor each freight car in a long and large train formation. The pressure monitoring module and the vibration monitoring module are set in the above positions. For example, the pressure monitoring module and the vibration monitoring module monitor the four key freight cars in the 216-car freight car formation, and there are two freight cars tested on both sides of the slave locomotive, namely the 54th, 108th, 109th, and 163rd freight cars, which can comprehensively and accurately monitor the status of the train braking system and provide safety protection for the operation of the 20,000-ton train.

[0032] Embodiment 2: An online monitoring method for air brake performance of a long-length freight train comprises the following steps: S1: using a pressure monitoring module to collect pressure data of a train pipe, a brake cylinder, an auxiliary air cylinder, and an accelerating and decelerating air cylinder; using a vibration monitoring module to collect vibration data of a brake valve during braking; specifically, using pressure sensors installed on the train pipe, the brake cylinder, the auxiliary air cylinder, and the accelerating and decelerating air cylinder to collect pressure data; using a three-way acceleration sensor installed on a train brake valve body to collect vibration data of the brake valve during braking; S2: The data storage and transmission system stores the pressure data and vibration data collected by the pressure monitoring module and the vibration monitoring module during train operation in real time, and transmits the data to the monitoring and analysis module as measured data; S3: The trucks are put into the marshaling group for heavy vehicle experiments. The truck air brake prediction model is built with Matlab simulation software using historical measured data. The prediction model is installed in the monitoring and analysis module. The prediction model outputs the predicted values ​​of the pressure of each pipeline and cylinder of the brake system in real time. S4: comparing the predicted values ​​of the pressures of each pipeline and cylinder of the brake system with the actual pressure values ​​through the monitoring and analysis module; S5: Analyze whether the pipeline pressure is leaking and whether the brake valve functions normally, and issue a safety warning when an abnormal situation occurs.

[0033] After step S2, a testing step is also included, in which a pressure test is performed on the train to ensure that the installation of the pressure sensor will not affect the brake pipeline, and the pressure of the train pipe, brake cylinder, auxiliary air cylinder, and deceleration air cylinder is verified; and the storage and data transmission stability of the data storage and transmission system are tested.

[0034] In step S5, the specific analysis content includes: the data storage and transmission system stores the pressure data of the brake cylinder, auxiliary air cylinder, slow air cylinder, train pipe and the vibration data of the 120-type brake valve, and transmits the data to the monitoring and analysis module to analyze and evaluate the leakage of each pipeline and cylinder pressure value, whether it is less than 20kpa / min; whether the 120 valve works well, whether it fluctuates narrowly within the range of 9.60m / s2 to 10.0m / s2, and the fluctuation range can be set according to the actual situation of the train; whether the braking and relief delay of the long marshaling train are the same as the simulation results, and the same here means that it meets the requirements within the range. The core idea of ​​this monitoring method is to analyze the possible abnormal state of train operation through the pressure and vibration acceleration of each part of the braking system, so as to achieve the purpose of safe tracking and monitoring of heavy-load train operation. The algorithm used comprehensively evaluates whether the braking system is operating normally by integrating the leakage of the train pipe, the braking and relief delay of each parking space in the train, and the working state of the brake valve.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0036] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be regarded as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the scope defined by the claims. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An online monitoring system for air brake performance of long and large freight trains, characterized in that: It includes: Power module: as a power source to supply power to the following pressure monitoring module, vibration monitoring module, data storage and transmission module; Pressure monitoring module: Install pressure sensors on the train pipe, brake cylinder, auxiliary air cylinder, and deceleration air cylinder to monitor the dynamic changes of brake system pressure; Vibration monitoring module: Install the acceleration sensor on the train brake valve body to monitor the vibration of the brake valve during braking; Data storage and transmission module: stores the pressure values ​​collected by each pressure sensor and the vibration acceleration values ​​collected by the acceleration sensor during train operation in real time, and sends the data to the monitoring and analysis module; Monitoring and analysis module: Receives data sent by the data storage and transmission module. The monitoring and analysis module is equipped with a truck air brake prediction model established based on historical measured data. It compares the predicted values ​​of the pressure of each pipeline and cylinder of the brake system of the prediction model with the actual pressure value obtained by the pressure monitoring module. Combined with the vibration acceleration of the brake valve, it analyzes whether there is an abnormal state in the train operation, and issues an alarm if there is an abnormality.

2. The online monitoring system for air brake performance of a long and large freight train according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power module is a power generation device installed on the bogie wheel pair, and is installed on any wheel pair of the bogie of the freight car by using an axle end power generation device.

3. The online monitoring system for air brake performance of a long and large freight train according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The acceleration sensor installed on the brake valve body has a 3-way acceleration channel to achieve more comprehensive and accurate measurement.

4. The online monitoring system for air brake performance of a long and large freight train according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data storage and transmission device is integrated into the electrical cabinet, and the connection wires with the sensor are provided with a protective layer to isolate the invasion of foreign objects.

5. The method for online monitoring of air brake performance of a long and large freight train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure monitoring module and the vibration monitoring module are set up in a single train for monitoring the two freight cars with the worst braking performance; for two trains coupled together, four freight cars are set up for monitoring, with two freight cars on each side of the central locomotive.

6. An online monitoring method for air brake performance of a long and large freight train, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: using a pressure monitoring module to collect pressure data of a train pipe, a brake cylinder, an auxiliary air cylinder, and an acceleration and deceleration air cylinder; using a vibration monitoring module to collect vibration data of a brake valve during braking; S2: The data storage and transmission system stores the pressure data and vibration data collected by the pressure monitoring module and the vibration monitoring module during train operation in real time, and transmits the data to the monitoring and analysis module as measured data; S3: The trucks are put into the marshaling group for heavy vehicle experiments. The truck air brake prediction model is built with Matlab simulation software using historical measured data. The prediction model is installed in the monitoring and analysis module. The prediction model outputs the predicted values ​​of the pressure of each pipeline and cylinder of the brake system in real time. S4: comparing the predicted values ​​of the pressures of each pipeline and cylinder of the brake system with the actual pressure values ​​through the monitoring and analysis module; S5: Analyze whether the pipeline pressure is leaking and whether the brake valve functions normally, and issue a safety warning when an abnormal situation occurs.

7. The method for online monitoring of air brake performance of a long and large freight train according to claim 6, characterized in that: After step S2, a testing step is also included, in which a pressure test is performed on the train to ensure that the installation of the pressure sensor will not affect the brake pipeline, and the pressure of the train pipe, brake cylinder, auxiliary air cylinder, and deceleration air cylinder is verified; and the storage and data transmission stability of the data storage and transmission system are tested.

8. The method for online monitoring of air brake performance of a long and large freight train according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, the specific analysis content includes: the data storage and transmission system will store the pressure data of the brake cylinder, auxiliary air cylinder, deceleration air cylinder, train pipe and the vibration data of the 120 type brake valve, and transmit the data to the monitoring and analysis module to analyze and evaluate the leakage of each pipeline and cylinder pressure value, whether it is less than 20kpa / min; whether the 120 valve works well, whether it is within 9.60m / s 2 ~10.0m / s 2 Narrow fluctuations within a certain range; whether the braking and relief delays of long and large marshaling trains are the same as the simulation results.

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