Common-aperture antenna compatible with Beidou Tiantong double-satellite system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of microwave array antennas, and particularly discloses a common-aperture antenna compatible with a Beidou Tiantong double-satellite system, which comprises a metal bottom plate and a microstrip antenna unit embedded in the metal bottom plate, the microstrip antenna unit comprises a Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit, a Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna unit, a Beidou B3 / B2b laminated antenna unit, a Beidou B3 antenna unit, a Beidou B1 antenna unit and a Tiantong receiving and transmitting laminated antenna unit; the Tiantong transmit-receive laminated antenna units are arranged on the same circle with the center of the Beidou short message transmit-receive frequency reconfigurable antenna unit as the circle center. The Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna unit, the Beidou B3 / B2b laminated antenna unit, the Beidou B3 antenna unit and the Beidou B1 antenna unit are located between the Tiantong transmit-receive laminated antenna unit and the Beidou short message transmit-receive frequency reconfigurable antenna unit. According to the invention, common-caliber integration of the Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna, the Beidou navigation anti-interference antenna, the Beidou direction-finding antenna and the Tiantong receiving and transmitting phased-array antenna can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field, and more specifically, to a co-aperture antenna compatible with a Beidou-Tiantong dual-satellite system. Background Art

[0002] Traditional RF equipment usually only completes a single combat mission, and the corresponding antenna completes an independent RF function. As the modern electromagnetic environment becomes increasingly complex, the number of electronic information equipment such as communications, radar detection, and navigation used by electronic platforms has increased significantly, resulting in an increase in the types and number of antennas, which brings many problems: First, various antennas are densely distributed, and too many independent antenna apertures are not conducive to the top-level design and optimization of electromagnetic compatibility; second, modern electronic platforms have higher and higher requirements for the integration of radio equipment, and the space available for antennas on the equipment platform is constantly compressed, which requires the effective integration of various independent antennas with limited antenna apertures. Therefore, based on the integrated needs of the new generation of electronic platforms, it is necessary to conduct aperture comprehensive design of antennas with different functions, and use as few antenna apertures as possible to meet multi-functional needs.

[0003] Tiantong-1 system (synchronous orbit, S band) is my country's satellite mobile communication system. It is not restricted by geographical environment and can provide users with voice, short message and data services; Beidou satellite navigation system can provide users with positioning, navigation, timing services, and short message communication services. High-throughput communication satellite system (Ka and above band) satellite terminals use directional antennas. In order to ensure broadband communication capabilities, the array scale and aperture are very large. Aperture synthesis with Beidou antennas cannot effectively improve space utilization and structural reuse. Tiantong and Beidou systems both support omnidirectional antenna reception. The beam coverage space of their application terminal antennas is consistent, the working frequency bands are relatively close, the functions are complementary, and the array apertures are close. They are suitable for aperture synthesis design. The common aperture antenna compatible with Beidou Tiantong dual satellite system has high aperture utilization, and the active module is easy to integrate. However, in the current electronic platform, Beidou and Tiantong antennas mostly use independent apertures. It is urgent to design a low-profile, small-aperture, high-performance common aperture antenna compatible with Beidou Tiantong dual satellite system.

[0004] At present, there is little research on co-aperture antennas compatible with the Beidou-Tiantong dual-satellite system, and there are certain shortcomings:

[0005] The Chinese patent with publication number CN114914716A, named "A Beidou Tiantong integrated antenna", consists of 1 Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit, 4 Beidou short message receiving antenna units, 4 Beidou B3 antenna units, 2 Beidou B1 antenna units, and 8 Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units. The antenna has the Beidou short message receiving and transmitting functions, and at the same time, two Beidou B1 direction-finding antennas are arranged through heterogeneous design. However, due to the separate arrangement of the Beidou short message transceiver antennas in the array antenna, the space utilization rate is low.

[0006] The communication and navigation integrated antenna in the patent application with the Chinese patent publication number CN110401034A and the name “A Communication and Navigation Integrated Antenna” consists of 24 array elements, including 1 Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit, 1 Beidou short message receiving antenna unit, 4 Beidou B3 antenna units 5, 2 Beidou B1 direction-finding antenna units, 8 Tiantong transmitting antenna units and 8 Tiantong receiving antenna units. Since the Tiantong transceiver unit does not adopt a stacked common-aperture arrangement but a parallel arrangement, the Tiantong transceiver circular array has no effective gap to arrange two Beidou B1 direction-finding antennas, resulting in limited baseline distance and low direction-finding accuracy.

[0007] The Chinese patent with publication number CN209766655U, named "A new satellite array antenna based on planar phased array", discloses that the integrated satellite communication and satellite navigation antenna is composed of 13 array elements, including 1 Beidou short message transmitting antenna unit, 4 Beidou short message receiving antenna units, 4 Beidou B3 antenna units 5 (two B3 units are compatible with 2 Beidou B1 direction-finding antenna units through a stacking design) and 4 Tiantong transceiver antenna units. The Tiantong transceiver array of the antenna is a square array with 4 units and low array gain. At the same time, the Beidou B1 direction-finding antenna unit is not independently arranged, and its baseline distance is limited by the Beidou B3 navigation anti-interference array layout, and the direction-finding accuracy is low. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a co-aperture antenna compatible with the Beidou-Tiantong dual-satellite system;

[0009] The solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0010] on the one hand:

[0011] A co-aperture antenna compatible with Beidou Tiantong dual-satellite system, comprising a metal base plate and a microstrip antenna unit embedded in the metal base plate;

[0012] The microstrip antenna unit includes a Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit located at the center of the metal bottom plate, one or two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna units, one group of Beidou B3 / B2b laminated antenna units, one group of Beidou B3 antenna units, one to four groups of Beidou B1 antenna units, and four to eight groups of Tiantong receiving and transmitting laminated antenna units;

[0013] The Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna unit is on the same circle with the center of the Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit as the center;

[0014] The Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna unit, Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit, Beidou B3 antenna unit, and Beidou B1 antenna unit are located between the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna unit and the Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the Beidou B1 antenna unit is on the same circle with a radius B and a center of the Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit as the center.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the Beidou B3 antenna unit, Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit, and Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna unit are on the same circle with a radius C and a center of the Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit; wherein B>C.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the Beidou B1 antenna units are four groups and are arranged at equal intervals, and a gap is formed between two adjacent groups of Beidou B1 antenna units; the Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna units are two groups;

[0018] The Beidou B3 antenna unit, the Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit, and two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna units are respectively located in four groups of gaps.

[0019] In some possible implementations, the diameter of the circle where the Beidou B1 antenna unit is located is 65.7 mm, and the spacing between adjacent Beidou B1 antenna units is 93 mm.

[0020] In some possible embodiments, the two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna units are symmetrically distributed, and the Beidou B3 antenna unit and the Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit are respectively located between the two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna units; the distance between the Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna unit and the Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit is 70.4mm, and the distance between the two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna units is 140.8mm.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units are in eight groups and are arranged at equal intervals, and each group of the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units includes a Tiantong transmitting antenna unit and a Tiantong receiving antenna unit of the same aperture;

[0022] The diameter of the circle where the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units are located is 227.3mm-257.6mm, and the distance between two adjacent groups of Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units is 75.8mm-106.1mm.

[0023] In some possible implementations, the Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit includes an antenna unit body and branches arranged on the antenna unit body, and the branches are divided into four groups.

[0024] In some possible implementations, the Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit, Beidou B3 antenna unit, and Beidou B1 antenna unit are all dual-feed antenna structures; the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna unit is a stacked single-feed antenna structure; the Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna unit and Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit are all stacked dual-feed antenna structures.

[0025] In some possible implementations, the Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna unit includes a B3 unit 1 embedded on a metal base plate and coplanar with the upper surface of the metal base plate, and a B1 unit installed on the B3 unit 1;

[0026] The Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit includes a B3 unit 2 embedded on a metal base plate and coplanar with the upper surface of the metal base plate, and a B2b unit on the B3 unit 2;

[0027] The Tiantong transmitting antenna unit is embedded in the metal base plate and is coplanar with the upper surface of the metal base plate; the Tiantong receiving antenna unit is installed on the Tiantong transmitting antenna unit;

[0028] The Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit, Beidou B1 antenna unit, and Beidou B3 antenna unit are respectively embedded in the metal base plate and are coplanar with the upper surface of the metal base plate.

[0029] In some possible implementations, it also includes an antenna cover installed on the metal base plate and forming a mounting cavity between the antenna cover and the metal base plate, and an SMP connector embedded on the metal base plate and located at the bottom of the metal base plate; the microstrip antenna unit is located in the mounting cavity.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The present invention can effectively realize the common aperture integration of Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna, Beidou navigation anti-interference antenna, Beidou direction-finding antenna and Tiantong receiving and transmitting phased array antenna;

[0032] The Beidou short message receiving and sending frequency antenna of the present invention is reconfigurable, and the antenna structure is simple, the performance is stable, and the engineering implementation is easy;

[0033] The present invention realizes low profile and miniaturization through structural multiplexing, and various electrical performance technical indicators such as voltage standing wave ratio, gain, and axial ratio have good performance within the transceiver frequency band; the Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit is located at the center of the metal base plate, which is the array center of the entire antenna, and the zero field strength channel at the center of the microstrip antenna unit is used. The DC bias circuit adopts non-planar split wiring to avoid affecting the circularly polarized radiation structure;

[0034] The present invention realizes structural reuse by adopting a laminated structure design through the Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna unit and the Beidou B3 / B2b laminated antenna unit; good anti-interference characteristics are achieved by the cooperation of the Beidou B3 antenna unit, the Beidou B3 / B2b laminated antenna unit and the Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna unit; the Tiantong receiving antenna unit and the Tiantong transmitting antenna unit realize a common aperture through the laminated design of the unit, and the uniform circular array improves the array axial ratio performance through the rotation arrangement;

[0035] The microstrip antenna unit in the present invention is embedded in the metal base plate to achieve a low profile;

[0036] The co-aperture antenna formed by the present invention supports Beidou anti-interference navigation positioning, short message communication, and north-seeking and direction-finding functions. At the same time, based on Beidou positioning and dual-antenna north-seeking and direction-finding, the Tiantong array antenna can support mobile communication, and track and align communication satellites in real time through autonomous satellite search;

[0037] The present invention effectively realizes the characteristics of unit miniaturization and high isolation between array elements. In addition, it makes full use of space and polarization isolation to carry out array manifold design, and realizes the integrated design of the aperture of the multifunctional and multi-mode Beidou Tiantong antenna within the band. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the common-aperture antenna and the metal base plate of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the distribution of microstrip antenna units in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the Beidou short message receiving and sending frequency reconfigurable antenna unit in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of coordinate system definition in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Among them: 1. Beidou short message receiving and sending frequency reconfigurable antenna unit; 11. Branches; 2. Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna unit; 21. B3 unit one; 22. B1 unit; 3. Tiantong receiving and sending laminated antenna unit; 31. Tiantong transmitting antenna unit; 32. Tiantong receiving antenna unit; 4. Beidou B1 antenna unit; 5. Beidou B3 antenna unit; 6. Beidou B3 / B2b laminated antenna unit; 61. B3 unit two; 62. B2b unit; 7. Metal base plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. The "first", "second" and similar words mentioned in this application do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "one" or "one" and other similar words do not indicate a quantity restriction, but indicate the existence of at least one. In the implementation of this application, "and / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" refers to two or more. For example, multiple positioning columns refer to two or more positioning columns. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] The present invention is described in detail below.

[0045] Embodiment 1:

[0046] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a low-profile, small-aperture, high-performance, co-aperture antenna compatible with the Beidou-Tiantong dual-satellite system. The antenna has a clear principle, a simple structure, and is easy to implement in engineering. Through reconfigurable design, unit stacking design, and array manifold design, spatial multiplexing and effective multi-functional integration are achieved.

[0047] A common aperture antenna compatible with Beidou Tiantong dual satellite system, comprising a metal base plate 7, a radome mounted on the metal base plate 7 and forming a mounting cavity with the metal base plate 7, a microstrip antenna unit embedded on the metal base plate 7, and an SMP connector embedded on the metal base plate 7 and located at the bottom of the metal base plate 7; the microstrip antenna unit is located in the mounting cavity and embedded on the metal base plate 7;

[0048] The microstrip antenna unit includes a group of Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna units 1 located at the center of the metal base plate 7, two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna units 2 with Beidou B3 / B1 dual-frequency dual-antenna RTK function, a group of Beidou B3 / B2b laminated antenna units 6, a group of Beidou B3 antenna units 5, four groups of Beidou B1 antenna units 4, and eight groups of Tiantong receiving and transmitting laminated antenna units 3; the Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit 1, Beidou B3 antenna unit 5, and Beidou B1 antenna unit 4 are all dual-fed antenna structures; the Tiantong receiving and transmitting laminated antenna units 3 are all laminated single-fed antenna structures; the Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna unit 2 and Beidou B3 / B2b laminated antenna unit 6 are all laminated dual-fed antenna structures;

[0049] Each group of Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units 3 includes a group of Tiantong transmitting antenna units 31 and a group of Tiantong receiving antenna units 32 with the same aperture;

[0050] The eight groups of Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units 3 are on the same circle with the center of the Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit 1 as the center;

[0051] The Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna unit 2, Beidou B1 antenna unit 4, Beidou B3 antenna unit 5, Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit 6 are located between the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna unit 3 and the Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit 1;

[0052] The Beidou B1 antenna unit 4 is on the same circle with the center of the Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit as the center and the radius B; the Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna unit 2, Beidou B3 antenna unit 5, Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit 6 are on the same circle with the center of the Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit as the center and the radius C; wherein B>C;

[0053] Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit 6 has Beidou B2b global short message receiving function; Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna unit 2 has Beidou B3 / B1 dual-frequency dual-antenna RTK function; Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit 6, Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna unit 2 and Beidou B3 antenna unit 5 cooperate to form Beidou B3 anti-interference four-element array to achieve anti-interference;

[0054] The Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna unit 2 includes a B3 unit 21 embedded in the metal base plate 7 and coplanar with the upper surface of the metal base plate 7, and a B1 unit 22 installed on the B3 unit 21;

[0055] The Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit 6 includes a B3 unit 2 61 embedded on a metal base plate 7 and coplanar with the upper surface of the metal base plate 7, and a B2b unit 62 on the B3 unit 2 61;

[0056] The above-mentioned units (Tiantong transmitting antenna unit 31, Tiantong receiving antenna unit 32, Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit, B3 unit 1 21, B1 unit 22, B3 unit 2 61, B2b unit 62, Beidou B3 antenna unit 5, Beidou B1 antenna unit 4) are all two-layer structures, including a radiation patch dielectric substrate located on the upper layer and a radio frequency feeding network dielectric substrate located on the lower layer; a dual probe is used to feed the radiation patch dielectric substrate to realize the dual polarization characteristics, and then a Wilkinson power divider in the form of a stripline is used to provide the amplitude and phase characteristics required for the two feeding points of the antenna, and the amplitude and phase characteristics are equal in amplitude and 90° in phase difference, thereby realizing circularly polarized radiation characteristics; B3 unit 1 21, B3 unit 2 61, Beidou B3 antenna unit 5 all have anti-interference functions, but they differ in size;

[0057] At the same time, in order to facilitate miniaturization and high isolation characteristics, the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna unit 3 adopts single probe feeding to achieve circular polarization performance.

[0058] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 4 , four groups of Beidou B1 antenna units 4 are arranged in a square array on the XOY diagonal axis, and the spacing between two adjacent groups of Beidou B1 antenna units 4 is 0.5λ 0,B1 ,λ 0,B1 It is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of 1575.42MHz in the RNSS B1 band.

[0059] The Beidou B1 antenna units 4 are four groups and are arranged at equal intervals, with a gap formed between two adjacent groups of Beidou B1 antenna units 4. Four groups of Beidou B1 antenna units 4 will form four groups of gaps.

[0060] There are two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna units 2; the Beidou B3 antenna unit 5, Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit 6, and two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna units 2 are respectively located in the above four groups of gaps; forming a staggered arrangement to reduce unit coupling.

[0061] In some possible implementations, the diameter of the circle where the Beidou B1 antenna unit 4 is located is 65.7 mm, and the distance between adjacent Beidou B1 antenna units 4 is 93 mm.

[0062] In some possible implementations, the two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna units 2 are symmetrically distributed, and the Beidou B3 antenna unit 5 and the Beidou B3 / B2b laminated antenna unit 6 are respectively located between the two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna units 2; the distance between the Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna unit 2 and the Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit 1 is 70.4mm, and the distance between the two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna units 2 is 0.6λ 0,B3 ,λ 0,B3 The free space wavelength corresponding to the RNSS B3 band center frequency of 1268.52 MHz; specifically, 140.8 mm.

[0063] There are eight groups of Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units 3, which are arranged at equal intervals and are arranged in a circular array in a rotating manner on a circle with the center of the Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit 1 as the center. The arrangement points are 22.5°, 67.5°, ..., 337.5° (45° intervals).

[0064] The diameter of the circle where the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna unit 3 is located is 1.5λ 0,ST ~1.75λ 0,ST ,λ 0,ST is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency 1995 MHz of the Tiantong transmit frequency band; specifically, the diameter of the circle where the Tiantong transmit-receive stacked antenna unit 3 is located is 227.3 mm to 257.6 mm;

[0065] Furthermore, the diameter of the circle where the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna unit 3 is located is 1.72λ 0,SR or 1.57λ 0,ST ,λ 0,SR is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency 1995 MHz of the Tiantong transmit frequency band; that is, the diameter of the circle where the Tiantong transmit-receive stacked antenna unit 3 is located is 236 mm;

[0066] The distance between two adjacent groups of Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units 3 is 0.5λ 0,ST ~0.7λ 0,ST , that is, the distance between two adjacent groups of Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units 3 is 75.8mm~106.1mm

[0067] Furthermore, the spacing between two adjacent groups of Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units 3 is 0.66λ 0,SR or 0.6λ 0,ST， That is 90.3mm;

[0068] Through the above settings, the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna unit 3 can optimize the feeding structure by utilizing the zero field strength channel at the center of the microstrip antenna unit, and achieve high isolation between similar frequencies of transmission and reception;

[0069] In some possible implementations, the Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit 1 includes an antenna unit body, and branches 11 arranged on the antenna unit body, and the branches 11 are four groups;

[0070] Furthermore, the antenna unit body can adopt the scheme involved in the reconfigurable antenna for transceiver transmission frequency of Beidou short message communication with publication number CN112038762A; four groups of branches 11 are arranged on its outside to connect the antenna unit body with other electronic devices; the branches 11 can also realize the debugging of the antenna unit body and the adjustment of the performance of the antenna unit body; the Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit 1 is located in the center of the metal base plate 7, utilizing the central zero field strength channel of the microstrip antenna unit, and the DC bias circuit therein adopts non-planar split wiring to avoid affecting the circularly polarized radiation structure.

[0071] Furthermore, the polarization direction of the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna unit 3 is left-hand circular polarization, and the polarization direction of the Beidou B3 antenna unit 5 and the Beidou B1 antenna unit 4 is right-hand circular polarization and is opposite to the polarization direction of the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna unit 3. By using polarization isolation, the increase in mutual coupling caused by their close arrangement can be effectively reduced.

[0072] Each unit in the microstrip antenna unit of the present invention is an existing component, and its internal structure is not described in detail here.

[0073] Furthermore, the radome and the common-aperture antenna are mounted on the metal base plate 7 by countersunk screws, and the SMP connector is embedded in the metal base plate 7, and the antenna unit is fed by back-feeding.

[0074] In each group of Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units 3, the Tiantong transmitting antenna unit 31 and the Tiantong receiving antenna unit 32 share the same aperture. At the same time, in order to integrate a large number of Beidou and Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units 3 in the smallest possible aperture and improve the aperture utilization, the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna unit is designed as a uniform circular array and is rotated and arranged at the edge of the metal base plate 7;

[0075] In order to effectively realize the embedded installation of the microstrip antenna unit; the Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna unit 2 includes a B3 unit 21 embeddedly installed on the metal base plate 7 and coplanar with the upper surface of the metal base plate 7, and a B1 unit 22 installed on the B3 unit 21;

[0076] In order to achieve high gain, high isolation, low profile and lightweight design, the microstrip antenna units will be embedded in the metal base plate 7, and the metal base plate and the antenna cover are both circular structures; each unit in the microstrip antenna unit adopts a square structure; the Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit 6 includes a B3 unit 2 61 embedded on the metal base plate 7 and coplanar with the upper surface of the metal base plate 7, and a B2b unit 62 on the B3 unit 1 21;

[0077] The Tiantong transmitting antenna unit 31 is embedded in the metal bottom plate 7 and is coplanar with the upper surface of the metal bottom plate 7; the Tiantong receiving antenna unit 32 is installed on the Tiantong transmitting antenna unit 31;

[0078] The Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit, Beidou B1 antenna unit 4 , and Beidou B3 antenna unit 5 are respectively embedded in the metal base plate 7 and are coplanar with the upper surface of the metal base plate 7 .

[0079] The common-aperture antenna cover and the metal base plate 7 are designed to be circular. In order to achieve high gain, high isolation, low profile and lightweight design, the microstrip antenna units are embedded in the metal base plate 7 to achieve low profile. At the same time, the circular design is beneficial to the uniformity of the gain of the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna unit 3 when scanning in the azimuth plane. It adopts an eight-group setting to meet the general communication rate requirement of 384Kb / s.

[0080] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, but extends to any new features or any new combination disclosed in this specification, as well as any new method or process steps or any new combination disclosed.

Claims

1. A common aperture antenna compatible with Beidou Tiantong dual satellite system, characterized in that: It includes a metal base plate and a microstrip antenna unit embedded in the metal base plate; The microstrip antenna unit includes a Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit located at the center of the metal bottom plate, one or two Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna units, one Beidou B3 / B2b laminated antenna unit, one Beidou B3 antenna unit, one to four Beidou B1 antenna units, and eight Tiantong transceiver laminated antenna units. The Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna unit is on the same circle with the center of the Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit as the center; The Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna unit, Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit, Beidou B3 antenna unit, and Beidou B1 antenna unit are located between the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna unit and the Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit.

2. A common aperture antenna compatible with Beidou-Tiantong dual satellite system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Beidou B1 antenna unit is on the same circle with the center of the Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit as the center and the radius B; the Beidou B3 antenna unit, Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit, and Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna unit are on the same circle with the center of the Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit as the center and the radius C; wherein, B>C.

3. The common aperture antenna compatible with Beidou-Tiantong dual satellite system according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are four groups of Beidou B1 antenna units and they are arranged at equal intervals, with a gap formed between two adjacent groups of Beidou B1 antenna units; there are two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna units; The Beidou B3 antenna unit, the Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit, and two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna units are respectively located in four groups of gaps.

4. The common aperture antenna compatible with Beidou-Tiantong dual satellite system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the circle where the Beidou B1 antenna unit is located is 65.7 mm, and the distance between adjacent Beidou B1 antenna units is 93 mm.

5. The common aperture antenna compatible with Beidou-Tiantong dual satellite system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna units are symmetrically distributed, and the Beidou B3 antenna unit and Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit are respectively located between the two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna units; the distance between the Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna unit and the Beidou short message transceiver frequency reconfigurable antenna unit is 70.4mm, and the distance between the two groups of Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna units is 140.8mm.

6. A common aperture antenna compatible with Beidou-Tiantong dual satellite system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units are eight groups and are arranged at equal intervals, and each group of the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units includes a Tiantong transmitting antenna unit and a Tiantong receiving antenna unit of the same aperture; The diameter of the circle where the Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units are located is 227.3mm-257.6mm, and the distance between two adjacent groups of Tiantong transceiver stacked antenna units is 75.8mm-106.1mm.

7. The common aperture antenna compatible with Beidou-Tiantong dual satellite system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit comprises an antenna unit body and branches arranged on the antenna unit body, and the branches are divided into four groups.

8. The common aperture antenna compatible with Beidou-Tiantong dual satellite system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Beidou B3 / B1 laminated antenna unit includes a B3 unit 1 embedded on a metal base plate and coplanar with the upper surface of the metal base plate, and a B1 unit installed on the B3 unit 1; The Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit includes a B3 unit 2 embedded on a metal base plate and coplanar with the upper surface of the metal base plate, and a B2b unit on the B3 unit 2; The Tiantong transmitting antenna unit is embedded in the metal base plate and is coplanar with the upper surface of the metal base plate; the Tiantong receiving antenna unit is installed on the Tiantong transmitting antenna unit; The Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit, Beidou B1 antenna unit, and Beidou B3 antenna unit are respectively embedded in the metal base plate and are coplanar with the upper surface of the metal base plate.

9. The common aperture antenna compatible with Beidou-Tiantong dual satellite system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Beidou short message receiving and transmitting frequency reconfigurable antenna unit, Beidou B3 antenna unit, and Beidou B1 antenna unit are all dual-feed antenna structures; the Tiantong receiving and transmitting laminated antenna unit is a laminated single-feed antenna structure; The Beidou B3 / B1 stacked antenna unit and the Beidou B3 / B2b stacked antenna unit are both stacked dual-feed antenna structures.

10. The common aperture antenna compatible with Beidou-Tiantong dual satellite system according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes an antenna cover installed on the metal base plate and forming an installation cavity with the metal base plate, and an SMP connector embedded on the metal base plate and located at the bottom of the metal base plate; the microstrip antenna unit is located in the installation cavity.

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