Communication management unit

Abstract

The invention provides a communication management unit, and relates to the field of communication. The communication management unit is deployed in a master control layer of a battery management system in the battery energy storage power station, and the master control layer is used for managing a battery stack and a battery cluster. The communication management unit comprises a data transmission center module, 61850 protocol mapping middleware and a data storage module, and all the modules communicate with one another through message buses. The function of the communication management unit in the master control layer is divided into a plurality of different function modules, each function module is used as an independent processing node, and the function modules communicate with one another through the message bus, so that parallel operation of multiple communication nodes can be met, the overall processing performance of the communication management unit and the battery management system is improved, and the service life of the battery management system is prolonged. When the data volume is increased, the data loss rate can be reduced, the transmission delay can be reduced, the accuracy of a battery management algorithm and logic calculation is ensured, the stable operation of the battery management system is kept, and the application scene of the battery management system in a large-scale battery energy storage power station is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication management unit. Background Art

[0002] As a core component of modern battery technology, the Battery Management System (BMS) is widely used in scenarios such as electric vehicles and large-scale battery energy storage power stations. It is responsible for monitoring battery status parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature.

[0003] As the scale of battery energy storage power stations continues to expand, for example, a 5.5MW energy storage station has up to 10,000 analog monitoring points, accompanied by thousands of inputs and alarm processing requirements, which poses a severe challenge to the data processing capabilities of the battery management system. The main problems currently faced by battery management systems include at least limited data processing speed, large-scale battery access, poor system stability and slow response speed caused by large amounts of data processing. Therefore, improving the data processing performance of the battery management system has become an issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a communication management unit to solve the defect of poor data processing capability of the battery management system in the prior art, improve the overall processing performance of the communication management unit, and when the amount of data increases, reduce the data loss rate, reduce the transmission delay, and maintain stable and reliable operation of the battery management system.

[0005] The present application provides a communication management unit, which is deployed in the master control layer of a battery management system in a battery energy storage power station. The master control layer is used to manage battery objects, and the battery objects include battery stacks and battery clusters. The communication management unit includes a data transmission center module, a 61850 protocol mapping middleware, and a data storage module; the data transmission center module, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware, and the data storage module communicate with each other through a message bus; The data transmission center module is used to obtain the battery sampling data in the battery object, transmit the battery sampling data to the data storage module through the message bus, or encode the battery sampling data according to the custom protocol agreed upon with the 61850 protocol mapping middleware, and transmit the encoded battery sampling data to the 61850 protocol mapping middleware through the message bus; The 61850 protocol mapping middleware is used to decode the received battery sampling data according to the custom protocol, and then encode the decoded battery sampling data according to the transmission protocol agreed upon with the target system to obtain the data to be sent, and send the data to be sent to the target system, and the target system is used to obtain the control strategy for the battery management system according to the data to be sent; The data storage module is used to receive the battery sampling data transmitted by the data transmission center module and store the battery sampling data.

[0006] According to the communication management unit provided in the present application, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware is also used to receive the control command sent by the target system to the battery management system, decode the control command according to the transmission protocol, and then encode the decoded control command according to the custom protocol, and transmit the first control command obtained after encoding to the data transmission center module through the message bus; The data transmission center module is also used to receive the first control command, decode the control command through the custom protocol, encode the decoded control command according to the communication protocol agreed upon with the target control object, and send the encoded second control command to the target control object, where the target control object is the battery stack and / or battery cluster to be controlled in the battery object.

[0007] According to the communication management unit provided in the present application, the data transmission center module, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware and the data storage module communicate with each other through a message bus based on the transmission control protocol, using a subscription and publishing mechanism.

[0008] According to the communication management unit provided in the present application, the data transmission center module includes a data communication submodule, a first message communication submodule, a first custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule, an internal service submodule and a battery data encoding and decoding submodule; The data communication submodule is used to establish a communication connection with the battery object and obtain battery sampling data in the battery object; The internal service submodule is used to call the battery data encoding and decoding submodule to decode the battery sampling data according to the communication protocol agreed upon with the battery object, and then call the first custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule to encode the decoded battery sampling data according to the custom protocol to obtain the encoded battery sampling data; The first message communication submodule is used to transmit the encoded battery sampling data obtained in the internal service submodule to the 61850 protocol mapping middleware through the message bus.

[0009] According to the communication management unit provided in the present application, the first message communication submodule is further used to receive the first control command and transmit the first control command to the internal service submodule; The internal service submodule is further used to call the first custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule to decode the control command according to the custom protocol, and then call the battery data encoding and decoding submodule to encode the decoded control command according to the communication protocol agreed upon with the battery object to obtain the second control command; The data communication submodule is further used to send the second control command to the target control object.

[0010] According to the communication management unit provided in the present application, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware includes a 61850 application service submodule, a second message communication submodule, a second custom internal protocol codec submodule and a 61850 communication service library; The second message communication submodule is used to receive the battery sampling data transmitted by the data transmission center module, and transmit the battery sampling data to the 61850 application service submodule; The 61850 application service submodule is used to call the second custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule to decode the battery sampling data according to the custom protocol, and then call the 61850 communication service library to encode the decoded battery sampling data according to the transmission protocol agreed upon with the target system to obtain the data to be sent, and send the data to be sent to the target system.

[0011] According to the communication management unit provided in the present application, after the 61850 protocol mapping middleware receives the control command sent by the target system to the battery management system, the 61850 application service submodule is further used to call the 61850 communication service library to decode the control command according to the transmission protocol agreed upon with the target system, and then call the second custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule to encode the decoded control command according to the custom protocol to obtain the first control command; The second message communication submodule is also used to transmit the first control command to the data transmission center module through the message bus.

[0012] According to the communication management unit provided in the present application, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware further includes a timer event processing submodule; The timer event processing submodule is used to monitor the response status of the first control command issued by the 61850 protocol mapping middleware through a timer.

[0013] According to the communication management unit provided by the present application, the data storage module includes a historical data storage submodule and a third message communication submodule; The third message communication submodule is used to receive the battery sampling data sent by the data transmission center module; The historical data storage submodule is used to store the battery sampling data according to a preset storage period.

[0014] According to the communication management unit provided in the present application, the data storage module further includes a wave recording data storage submodule; The wave recording data storage submodule is used to store at least one section of continuous sampling data in the battery management system in a circular queue manner.

[0015] The present application provides a communication management unit. The present application divides the functions of the communication management unit in the master control layer of the battery management system into a plurality of different functional modules, such as a data transmission center module, a 61850 protocol mapping middleware, a data storage module, etc. Each functional module is an independent processing node, and uses a message bus to communicate with each other, which can meet the parallel operation of multiple communication nodes, improve the overall processing performance of the communication management unit and the battery management system, and reduce the data loss rate and transmission delay when the data volume increases, so as to ensure the accuracy of the battery management algorithm and logic calculation, maintain the stable operation of the battery management system, and better meet the application scenarios of the battery management system in large-scale battery energy storage power stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a battery management system shown in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a communication management unit shown in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the submodule composition of a communication management unit according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] The battery management system in this application is applied to battery energy storage power stations. Battery energy storage power stations use batteries as energy storage carriers to convert electrical energy into chemical energy for storage, so as to provide stable power output when power demand peaks or power supply is unstable. Battery energy storage power stations are usually composed of hundreds to thousands of batteries, which are connected together through power and control systems to form a large energy storage system. The battery management system is a key component in a battery energy storage power station, and is mainly responsible for tasks such as battery monitoring, evaluation, protection, and balancing.

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 The battery management system in this application mainly includes a general control layer, a main control layer and a slave control layer.

[0021] As the single cell management layer, the slave control layer is responsible for managing the battery data of the single cells in the battery energy storage power station, such as collecting the basic information of the single cells, analyzing the remaining capacity and battery health status of the single cells, and performing active balancing, etc. The slave control layer can upload the collected or processed battery data to the master control layer.

[0022] As the battery pack management layer, the main control layer is responsible for managing the battery data of the battery pack. The main control layer collects battery data of the single cells from each slave control layer, including but not limited to voltage, current, temperature, remaining capacity, health status, etc., and calculates the overall remaining capacity and health status of the battery pack based on the collected battery data of the single cells. In addition, the main control layer also has functions such as strategy formulation and execution, fault diagnosis and early warning, communication and data exchange (bidirectional communication with the slave control layer, receiving battery data uploaded by the slave control layer and sending control instructions, as well as communicating with the main control layer, uploading the overall status and fault information of the battery pack, and receiving control instructions or parameter adjustment requirements from the main control layer).

[0023] The general control layer is responsible for achieving overall coordination within the battery management system, exchanging information with external systems, and controlling the operation of the battery management system based on external requests.

[0024] Internal overall coordination includes resource allocation (rational allocation of resources within the battery cluster or battery stack, including energy allocation, communication resource allocation, etc., to ensure that each battery group or single battery works in an orderly manner), status monitoring and evaluation (monitoring the status of each battery group or single battery, including voltage, current, temperature, remaining capacity, health status and other parameters, and based on these parameters, evaluating the overall status of the battery cluster or battery stack, including energy status, health status, safety, etc.) and strategy formulation and execution (formulating and executing corresponding control strategies, such as charging strategy, discharging strategy, and balancing strategy, based on the status of the battery cluster or battery stack and the preset management strategy).

[0025] Information interaction with external systems includes information interaction with the Energy Management System (EMS) and information interaction with the Power Conversion System (PCS). The Energy Management System is the decision-making layer of the battery energy storage power station, responsible for data collection, network monitoring and energy scheduling, etc. The master control layer communicates bidirectionally with the energy management system, uploads the status information of the battery cluster or battery stack, receives the control instructions or scheduling decisions of the energy management system, and adjusts the charging and discharging strategy of the battery cluster or battery stack according to the control instructions or scheduling decisions of the energy management system to respond to grid demand or optimize energy utilization. The energy storage converter is the execution layer of the battery energy storage power station, responsible for controlling the charging and discharging process of the battery cluster or battery stack and performing AC and DC conversion. The master control layer communicates with the energy storage converter, uploads the status information of the battery cluster or battery stack, receives the real-time data of the energy storage converter (such as charging and discharging current, voltage, etc.), and adjusts the control strategy according to the feedback of the energy storage converter and the status of the battery cluster or battery stack to ensure the safety and efficiency of the battery cluster or battery stack during the charging and discharging process.

[0026] A communication management unit provided in the present application is specifically deployed in a master control layer, which is used to implement management of battery objects, including battery stacks and battery clusters.

[0027] Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication management unit shown in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 The communication management unit of the present application includes: a data transmission center module, a 61850 protocol mapping middleware and a data storage module, and the data transmission center module, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware and the data storage module communicate with each other through a message bus.

[0028] The data transmission center module is used to obtain the battery sampling data in the battery object, and transmit the battery sampling data to the data storage module through the message bus, or encode the battery sampling data according to the custom protocol agreed upon with the 61850 protocol mapping middleware, and transmit the encoded battery sampling data to the 61850 protocol mapping middleware through the message bus.

[0029] The 61850 protocol mapping middleware is used to decode the received battery sampling data according to the custom protocol, and then encode the decoded battery sampling data according to the transmission protocol agreed upon with the target system to obtain the data to be sent, and send the data to be sent to the target system. The target system is used to obtain the control strategy for the battery management system based on the data to be sent.

[0030] The data storage module is used to receive the battery sampling data transmitted by the data transmission center module and store the battery sampling data.

[0031] In the embodiment, the data transmission center module, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware, and the data storage module communicate with each other through a message bus based on the transmission control protocol, using a subscription and publishing mechanism.

[0032] Among them, the data transmission center module is used to obtain battery sampling data in the battery stack and battery cluster in the battery energy storage power station, and transmit the battery sampling data to the data storage module, which stores the battery sampling data.

[0033] In addition, the data transmission center module can also decode, reconstruct and transmit the battery sampling data to the 61850 protocol mapping middleware, which will then perform the next step of processing.

[0034] In this embodiment, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware is used to map the 61850 object-oriented communication service with the configuration points and operation instructions of the points inside the device. It can realize the communication interaction with the data transmission center module through a custom protocol, and the custom protocol can be formulated according to actual business needs. In addition, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware is also responsible for realizing the conversion between the external 61850 service and the custom protocol inside the device, ensuring that the external target system and the battery management system can smoothly transmit data.

[0035] In this embodiment, after the 61850 protocol mapping middleware receives the battery sampling data (including information such as the voltage, current, temperature and remaining capacity of the battery pack) sent by the data transmission center module through the message bus, it first decodes the battery sampling data through the custom protocol agreed upon with the 61850 protocol mapping middleware, and then encodes the battery sampling data obtained after decoding according to the transmission protocol agreed upon with the target system to obtain the data to be sent, and finally sends the data to be sent to the target system to provide the target system with 61850 measurement information services. Among them, the target system has the ability to correctly decode the data to be sent. After receiving the data, the target system first decodes it, and then conducts a comprehensive analysis of the decoded battery sampling data to determine whether it is necessary to formulate a control strategy for the battery management system.

[0036] IEC 61850 is a communication protocol for substation automation systems. It defines a series of data models and communication services to achieve data exchange between different devices. The data model of IEC 61850 is highly structured and supports a large number of data types and attributes, providing accurate conversion functions between external and internal services.

[0037] In this embodiment, the data storage module is responsible for receiving data from the data transmission center module and storing it in a local database. The stored data may include historical data, alarm operation data, and recorded data, etc., to facilitate subsequent analysis, diagnosis, and report generation.

[0038] This application divides the functions of the communication management unit in the master control layer of the battery management system into multiple different functional modules, such as the data transmission center module, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware, the data storage module, etc. Each functional module acts as an independent processing node and uses a message bus to communicate with each other, which can meet the parallel operation of multiple communication nodes and improve the overall processing performance of the communication management unit and the battery management system. When the amount of data increases, the communication management unit can significantly reduce the data loss rate, reduce the transmission delay, ensure the accuracy of the battery management algorithm and logical calculation, realize the stable operation of the battery management system, and better meet the application scenarios of the battery management system in large-scale battery energy storage power stations.

[0039] In combination with the above embodiments, in one implementation, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware is also used to receive control commands sent by the target system to the battery management system, decode the control commands according to the transmission protocol, encode the decoded control commands according to a custom protocol, and transmit the encoded first control command to the data transmission center module through the message bus.

[0040] The data transmission center module is also used to receive a first control command, decode the control command through a custom protocol, encode the decoded control command according to the communication protocol agreed upon with the target control object, and send the encoded second control command to the target control object, where the target control object is a battery stack and / or battery cluster to be controlled in the battery object. In this embodiment, the target system may be an EMS system, and the control commands include but are not limited to remote control commands and fixed value setting commands. The data transmission center module may receive remote control commands and fixed value setting commands from the EMS system. Since these remote control commands and fixed value setting commands are usually sent in the IEC 61850 format, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware first needs to convert them into commands recognizable by the data transmission center module, and then transmit them to the data transmission center module through the message bus, and the data transmission center module performs further processing.

[0041] Specifically, after receiving the control command sent by the target system, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware first decodes the control command according to the transmission protocol agreed upon with the target system, and then encodes the decoded control command according to the custom protocol with the data transmission center module. The encoding result is the first control command that can be recognized by the data transmission center module.

[0042] After receiving the first control command, the data transmission center module first decodes the control command through a custom protocol, and then encodes the decoded control command according to the communication protocol agreed upon with the target control object. The encoding result is the second control command that can be recognized by the target control object.

[0043] The second control command follows Figure 1 The architecture shown, along the direction of the general control layer, the main control layer and the slave control layer, finally reaches the target control object, and the target control object executes the second control command, and finally realizes the control of the battery stack or battery cluster by the external target system.

[0044] In the present application, the data transmission center module is used to realize end-to-end data transmission and reception. In one embodiment, the data transmission center module may include multiple submodules such as a data communication submodule, a first message communication submodule, a first custom internal protocol codec submodule, an internal service submodule, and a battery data codec submodule.

[0045] When the data transmission center module transmits the battery sampling data to the 61850 protocol mapping middleware, the data communication submodule is used to establish a communication connection with the battery object and obtain the battery sampling data in the battery object; the internal service submodule is used to call the battery data encoding and decoding submodule to decode the battery sampling data according to the communication protocol agreed upon with the battery object, and then call the first custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule to encode the decoded battery sampling data according to the custom protocol to obtain the encoded battery sampling data; the first message communication submodule is used to transmit the encoded battery sampling data obtained in the internal service submodule to the 61850 protocol mapping middleware through the message bus. When the data transmission center module sends a second control command to the target control object, the first message communication sub-module is also used to receive the first control command and transmit the first control command to the internal service sub-module; the internal service sub-module is also used to call the first custom internal protocol encoding and decoding sub-module to decode the control command according to the custom protocol, and then call the battery data encoding and decoding sub-module to encode the decoded control command according to the communication protocol agreed upon with the battery object to obtain the second control command; the data communication sub-module is also used to send the second control command to the target control object.

[0046] In this embodiment, the data communication submodule is used to realize the communication connection between the communication management unit and the battery stack and / or battery cluster in the battery management system, the management of cached messages during data interaction, etc. Therefore, the communication management unit can specifically obtain the battery sampling data in the battery object through the data communication submodule.

[0047] Among them, the data communication submodule supports the sending and receiving of bare packet data at the Ethernet MAC layer, that is, it can directly process data packets below the network layer without relying on the high-level protocol stack. When processing battery data, the data communication submodule is responsible for realizing data exchange between the communication management unit of the general control layer and the battery stack (or battery cluster). When the battery stack (or battery cluster) generates new battery data (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.), through the data communication submodule, the communication management unit can receive the battery sampling data message and perform subsequent processing. Similarly, when the communication management unit needs to adjust the working status of the battery stack (or battery cluster), the internal service submodule will re-encode and generate control instructions that can be recognized by the battery stack or battery cluster, and send the control instructions to the data communication submodule, and the data communication submodule will send the control instructions to the battery stack or battery cluster that needs to be adjusted.

[0048] The first custom internal protocol codec submodule is provided with a function set for realizing message and data structure conversion. Through the codec functions (including custom codec functions) in the function set, the first custom internal protocol codec submodule can communicate smoothly with the 61850 protocol mapping middleware. Specifically, the first custom internal protocol codec submodule is responsible for implementing custom message protocols, which are used to transmit and identify data structures and interface function sets of various battery data (such as alarm transmission, event reporting, operation records, fixed value operations, analog quantities, input quantities and output quantities, etc.). The setting of the first custom internal protocol codec submodule can ensure the correct parsing and assembly of data, so that different modules can accurately understand information. When the data communication submodule receives the original battery data from the battery stack (or battery cluster), the first custom internal protocol codec submodule will decode the original battery data according to the custom message protocol and extract useful battery information. Similarly, when the master control layer needs to send control instructions for the battery stack or battery cluster, the first custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule will encode these control instructions according to the custom message protocol, and then send them to the battery stack or battery cluster that needs to be controlled through the data communication submodule.

[0049] The battery data encoding and decoding submodule is also provided with a function set for realizing data structure conversion, and the function set includes a variety of encoding and decoding functions.

[0050] The internal service submodule is used for logical operations of data, and realizes the construction and forwarding of messages and instructions according to the logical operations. Specifically, the internal service submodule can transmit the battery sampling data to the data storage module or the 61850 protocol mapping middleware through the first message communication submodule, and can also send the generated second control command to the battery object through the data communication submodule.

[0051] When the data transmission center module transmits the battery sampling data to the 61850 protocol mapping middleware, the internal service submodule first obtains the battery sampling data through the data communication submodule, and then calls the battery data encoding and decoding submodule. The battery data encoding and decoding submodule finds the decoding function to be used in the corresponding function set (that is, the decoding function corresponding to the communication protocol agreed upon between the communication management unit and the battery object), and uses the decoding function to decode the battery sampling data. Then, based on the decoded data, the first custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule is called again. The first custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule finds the encoding function to be used in the corresponding function set (that is, the encoding function corresponding to the custom protocol agreed upon between the data transmission center module and the 61850 protocol mapping middleware), and uses the encoding function to encode the battery sampling data to obtain the encoded battery sampling data.

[0052] When the data transmission center module sends the second control command to the target control object in the battery object, the internal service submodule first obtains the first control command transmitted by the 61850 protocol mapping middleware through the first message communication submodule, and then calls the first custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule. The first custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule finds the decoding function to be used in the corresponding function set (i.e., the decoding function corresponding to the custom protocol agreed between the data transmission center module and the 61850 protocol mapping middleware), and uses the decoding function to decode the battery sampling data. Then, based on the decoded data, the battery data encoding and decoding submodule is called again. The battery data encoding and decoding submodule finds the encoding function to be used in the corresponding function set (i.e., the encoding function corresponding to the communication protocol agreed between the communication management unit and the battery object), and uses the encoding function to decode the battery sampling data to obtain the second control command. In this embodiment, the internal service submodule is used to provide background data extraction, message construction and forwarding, program upgrade, log recording and other functions. When processing battery data, the internal service submodule is responsible for determining which functional modules of the master control layer (such as data storage module, 61850 protocol mapping middleware, etc.) the decoded battery data will be forwarded to, and is also responsible for building and forwarding the sending instructions of the corresponding functional modules. After the first custom internal protocol codec submodule decodes the battery data, the internal service submodule forwards the decoded battery data to the corresponding functional module for processing as needed. For example, when the battery data needs to be stored, the internal service submodule determines to forward the decoded battery data to the data storage module. Similarly, if a functional module of the master control layer needs to send a control instruction or query request to the battery stack (or battery cluster), the internal service submodule will also be responsible for building the corresponding message and sending it to the battery stack (or battery cluster) that needs to be controlled through the data communication submodule.

[0053] In combination with the above embodiments, in one implementation, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware includes a 61850 application service submodule, a second message communication submodule, a second custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule, and a 61850 communication service library.

[0054] When the 61850 protocol mapping middleware transmits battery sampling data to the target system, the second message communication sub-module is used to receive the battery sampling data transmitted by the data transmission center module, and transmit the battery sampling data to the 61850 application service sub-module; the 61850 application service sub-module is used to call the second custom internal protocol encoding and decoding sub-module to decode the battery sampling data according to the custom protocol, and then call the 61850 communication service library to encode the decoded battery sampling data according to the transmission protocol agreed upon with the target system to obtain the data to be sent, and send the data to be sent to the target system.

[0055] When the 61850 protocol mapping middleware transmits the control command issued by the target system to the data transmission center module, after the 61850 protocol mapping middleware receives the control command sent by the target system to the battery management system, the 61850 application service submodule is also used to call the 61850 communication service library to decode the control command according to the transmission protocol agreed between the target system and the target system, and then call the second custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule to encode the decoded control command according to the custom protocol to obtain the first control command; the second message communication submodule is also used to transmit the first control command to the data transmission center module through the message bus.

[0056] In this embodiment, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware is responsible for implementing the mapping between each functional point in the battery management system and the IEC61850 communication service.

[0057] Among them, the 61850 application service submodule is the core part of the 61850 protocol mapping middleware. It uses the IEC61850 communication service library to realize the mapping of short addresses and memory blocks and bind function callback functions. Function callback functions include short address resolution management function, short address and memory mapping management function, file operation function, application remote control operation function, application fixed value operation function and single and double dot number data update function. The short address resolution management function is responsible for mapping the short address in the IEC61850 standard to specific data or instructions in the battery management system. The short address and memory mapping management function is responsible for realizing the mapping relationship between the memory block and the IEC61850 short address, which is convenient for fast access and update of data. The file operation function is responsible for providing read and write operations on the internal files of the battery management system and supporting the file transfer service in the IEC61850 standard. The application remote control operation function is responsible for realizing the remote control operation function of the equipment in the battery management system, such as starting and stopping. The application fixed value operation function is used to set and modify the fixed value parameters in the battery management system. The single and double point data update function is responsible for updating the single and double point data in the battery management system. These data usually indicate the status or alarm information of the device.

[0058] The second message communication submodule is the communication bridge between the 61850 protocol mapping middleware and the data transmission center module, which uses the subscription and publication method to transmit data with the data transmission center module. When the 61850 protocol mapping middleware needs to send data to the data transmission center module, the data can be published to the corresponding data topic, and the data transmission center module obtains the data sent by the 61850 protocol mapping middleware by subscribing to the data topic. Similarly, when the data transmission center module needs to send data to the 61850 protocol mapping middleware, the data can be published to the corresponding data topic, and the 61850 protocol mapping middleware obtains the data sent by the data transmission center module by subscribing to the data topic.

[0059] The second custom internal protocol codec submodule is used to define the codec interface and function set that can be mutually recognized between the 61850 protocol mapping middleware and the data transmission center module. These codec interfaces and function sets are used to realize the conversion between IEC61850 data packets and the internal data format of the battery management system.

[0060] Specifically, when the 61850 protocol mapping middleware transmits battery sampling data to the target system, the 61850 application service submodule first obtains the battery sampling data through the second message communication submodule, and then calls the second custom internal protocol codec submodule. The second custom internal protocol codec submodule finds the decoding function to be used in the corresponding function set (i.e., the decoding function corresponding to the custom protocol agreed upon between the data transmission center module and the 61850 protocol mapping middleware), and uses the decoding function to decode the battery sampling data to obtain the decoded battery sampling data. Next, the 61850 application service submodule calls the 61850 communication service library, finds the encoding function to be used in the library (the encoding function corresponding to the transmission protocol agreed upon between the communication management unit and the target system), uses the encoding function to encode the battery sampling data, obtains the data to be sent, and then sends the data to be sent to the target system.

[0061] Similarly, when the 61850 protocol mapping middleware transmits the first control command to the data transmission center, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware first receives the control command sent by the target system to the battery management system, and then calls the 61850 communication service library, finds the decoding function to be used in the library (the decoding function corresponding to the transmission protocol agreed between the communication management unit and the target system), and uses the decoding function to decode the battery sampling data. Then, based on the decoded control command, the second custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule is called again, and the second custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule finds the encoding function to be used in the corresponding function set (that is, the encoding function corresponding to the custom protocol agreed between the data transmission center module and the 61850 protocol mapping middleware), and uses the encoding function to encode the battery sampling data to obtain the first control command.

[0062] In addition, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware also includes a timer event processing submodule; the timer event processing submodule is used to monitor the response of the first control command issued by the 61850 protocol mapping middleware through a timer. The timer event processing submodule is responsible for implementing the response timeout mechanism for issuing instructions. When the 61850 protocol mapping middleware issues an instruction to a device in the battery management system (for example, it issues a first control command to the data transmission center module), the timer event processing submodule starts a timer to monitor the response of the instruction. If the instruction does not receive a response within the preset time, the timer event processing submodule triggers a registration event and executes the default operation failure processing flow. When processing battery data, the timer event processing submodule is used to ensure the reliable transmission of instructions and the timely response of the device.

[0063] In combination with the above embodiments, in one implementation, the data storage module includes a historical data storage submodule, a third message communication submodule and a recorded wave data storage submodule.

[0064] The third message communication submodule is used to receive the battery sampling data sent by the data transmission center module.

[0065] The historical data storage submodule is used to store battery sampling data according to a preset storage period.

[0066] The wave recording data storage submodule is used to store at least one section of continuous sampling data in the battery management system in a circular queue manner.

[0067] In this embodiment, the third message communication submodule receives the battery sampling data sent by the data transmission center module through the message bus through the subscription and publishing mechanism, and then transmits the received battery sampling data to the historical data storage submodule. The historical data storage submodule stores the received battery sampling data according to a preset storage strategy.

[0068] Specifically, the historical data storage submodule is responsible for storing long-term data in the battery management system, including real-time monitoring data such as the voltage, current, and temperature of the battery pack, as well as analysis results such as the remaining capacity and health status of the battery. Secondly, the historical data storage submodule can also store alarm information, event information, and operation actions for subsequent analysis. When the data transmission center module receives battery data uploaded from the control layer or the main control layer, the historical data storage submodule will store these data in the database according to the preset storage strategy (such as storage cycle, storage format, etc.). At the same time, the historical data storage submodule will also back up data regularly to prevent data loss.

[0069] The wave recording data storage submodule is used to store the wave recording data in the battery management system. Wave recording data refers to the data that is continuously sampled and recorded for the voltage, current and other parameters of the battery pack or single battery within a specific time period. The wave recording data storage submodule uses a circular queue to realize real-time data storage. When the battery management system is operating normally, the wave recording data storage submodule will continuously receive the battery data sent by the data transmission center module and store it in the circular queue. When the battery management system detects an alarm or an abnormal situation, the wave recording data storage submodule starts the wave recording function, sets the first half of the elements in the circular queue that meet the time range as flags (indicating that these elements are data before the alarm occurs), and continues to record the elements that meet the second half of the time range (indicating that these elements are data after the alarm occurs). Finally, the wave recording data storage submodule generates a storage file or storage table for the elements with flags in the circular queue according to preset rules for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0070] The third message communication submodule is the communication bridge between the data storage module and the data transmission center module, responsible for sending the data in the data storage module to the data transmission center module, and responding to the data update request or query request sent by the data transmission center module. When there is new data to be uploaded in the data storage module, the third message communication submodule will publish the data in the form of a message to the data topic, and the data transmission center module will receive and process the data uploaded by the data storage module by subscribing to these data topics. Similarly, when the data transmission center module needs to query or update the data in the data storage module, it can send a corresponding request to the third message communication submodule, and receive the response message returned by the data storage module through the third message communication submodule.

[0071] The initial working process of the communication management unit of the present application can be as follows: (1) Create project source code.

[0072] According to the design plan, create four main source folders, including DataCenter (data transmission center module), 61850Server (61850 protocol mapping middleware) and Sample (data storage). Under each source folder, build four subfolders: bin (for executable files), include (for header files), lib (for library files) and src (for source code). Then write the C program software. For example, write the C source file data_center.c responsible for the data forwarding function in the src folder of the DataCenter module.

[0073] (2) Cross-compile and debug the written source code.

[0074] Use the cross compiler to compile the source code. In the Ubuntu operating system, copy the cross compiler arm-linux-gcc to the specified folder and add it to the system environment variables. This can be achieved by modifying the .bashrc or .bash_profile file. Then restart the system or use the source command to make the environment variables effective. Enter arm-linux-gcc–v in the terminal to check whether the cross compiler is installed successfully. Create a Makefile file in the root directory of each project file. The Makefile file defines the compilation rules so that the program can be automatically compiled through the cross compiler. Specify the paths of source files, header files, library files, etc., as well as compilation options and link options in the Makefile. Generate the executable file bin / data_center of the DataCenter module by executing the make command. Similarly, create corresponding Makefile files for other modules and compile them.

[0075] (3) Data transmission center module The data transmission center module is responsible for implementing end-to-end data transmission and reception. It relies on communication configuration files (such as config.json or config.xml) to configure the subscription and publishing IP addresses and port numbers of the data center and each functional module. At the same time, it also relies on CPU resource configuration files (such as cpu_config.json) to configure cluster input configuration, analog configuration and other information. Code will be written in the data_center.c file to read these configuration files, and establish network communication connections based on the configuration information to achieve data forwarding.

[0076] (4) Data storage module The data storage module is mainly based on the sqlite3 database, which is used to create and store historical databases and recording databases. It relies on the communication configuration file to configure the IP address and port number of the published data. In the source code of the data storage module (such as storage.c), code will be written to initialize the sqlite3 database connection, create the necessary table structure, and implement operations such as data insertion, query, update, and deletion.

[0077] (5) 61850 protocol mapping middleware The 61850 protocol mapping middleware requires a communication configuration file and a model file related to the IEC61850 communication service. It is responsible for mapping the IEC61850 communication service library to a function point that can be identified and executed within the device. In the source code of the 61850Server module (such as 61850_server.c), code is written to read the model file and communication configuration file, and establish an IEC61850 communication connection based on the configuration information to realize data transmission, reception and parsing.

[0078] (6) Software operation and load testing Carry out on-site container debugging and operation, run the battery management system in a 1-pile 9-cluster mode, and evaluate the performance and stability of the battery management system by monitoring the load of each CPU.

[0079] The present application divides the functions of the communication management unit in the master control layer of the battery management system into a plurality of different functional modules. Each functional module serves as an independent processing node and uses a message bus to communicate with each other, which can meet the parallel operation of multiple communication nodes and improve the overall processing performance of the communication management unit and the battery management system. When the amount of data increases, the data loss rate can be reduced, the transmission delay can be reduced, the battery management algorithm and logical calculation can be guaranteed to be accurate, the battery management system can be kept running stably, and the application scenarios of the battery management system in large-scale battery energy storage power stations can be better met.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A communication management unit, characterized in that: The master control layer of the battery management system deployed in the battery energy storage power station is used to manage battery objects, including battery stacks and battery clusters. The communication management unit includes a data transmission center module, a 61850 protocol mapping middleware, and a data storage module. The data transmission center module, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware, and the data storage module communicate with each other through a message bus. The data transmission center module is used to obtain the battery sampling data in the battery object, transmit the battery sampling data to the data storage module through the message bus, or encode the battery sampling data according to the custom protocol agreed upon with the 61850 protocol mapping middleware, and transmit the encoded battery sampling data to the 61850 protocol mapping middleware through the message bus; The 61850 protocol mapping middleware is used to decode the received battery sampling data according to the custom protocol, and then encode the decoded battery sampling data according to the transmission protocol agreed upon with the target system to obtain the data to be sent, and send the data to be sent to the target system, and the target system is used to obtain the control strategy for the battery management system according to the data to be sent; The data storage module is used to receive the battery sampling data transmitted by the data transmission center module and store the battery sampling data.

2. The communication management unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 61850 protocol mapping middleware is also used to receive the control command sent by the target system to the battery management system, decode the control command according to the transmission protocol, encode the decoded control command according to the custom protocol, and transmit the first control command obtained after encoding to the data transmission center module through the message bus; The data transmission center module is also used to receive the first control command, decode the control command through the custom protocol, encode the decoded control command according to the communication protocol agreed upon with the target control object, and send the encoded second control command to the target control object, where the target control object is the battery stack and / or battery cluster to be controlled in the battery object.

3. The communication management unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data transmission center module, the 61850 protocol mapping middleware and the data storage module communicate with each other through a message bus based on the transmission control protocol using a subscription and publishing mechanism.

4. The communication management unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data transmission center module includes a data communication submodule, a first message communication submodule, a first custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule, an internal service submodule and a battery data encoding and decoding submodule; The data communication submodule is used to establish a communication connection with the battery object and obtain battery sampling data in the battery object; The internal service submodule is used to call the battery data encoding and decoding submodule to decode the battery sampling data according to the communication protocol agreed upon with the battery object, and then call the first custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule to encode the decoded battery sampling data according to the custom protocol to obtain the encoded battery sampling data; The first message communication submodule is used to transmit the encoded battery sampling data obtained in the internal service submodule to the 61850 protocol mapping middleware through the message bus.

5. The communication management unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first message communication submodule is further used to receive the first control command and transmit the first control command to the internal service submodule; The internal service submodule is further used to call the first custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule to decode the control command according to the custom protocol, and then call the battery data encoding and decoding submodule to encode the decoded control command according to the communication protocol agreed upon with the battery object to obtain the second control command; The data communication submodule is further used to send the second control command to the target control object.

6. The communication management unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The 61850 protocol mapping middleware includes a 61850 application service submodule, a second message communication submodule, a second custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule, and a 61850 communication service library; The second message communication submodule is used to receive the battery sampling data transmitted by the data transmission center module, and transmit the battery sampling data to the 61850 application service submodule; The 61850 application service submodule is used to call the second custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule to decode the battery sampling data according to the custom protocol, and then call the 61850 communication service library to encode the decoded battery sampling data according to the transmission protocol agreed upon with the target system to obtain the data to be sent, and send the data to be sent to the target system.

7. The communication management unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the 61850 protocol mapping middleware receives the control command sent by the target system to the battery management system, the 61850 application service submodule is further used to call the 61850 communication service library to decode the control command according to the transmission protocol agreed upon with the target system, and then call the second custom internal protocol encoding and decoding submodule to encode the decoded control command according to the custom protocol to obtain the first control command; The second message communication submodule is also used to transmit the first control command to the data transmission center module through the message bus.

8. The communication management unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The 61850 protocol mapping middleware also includes a timer event processing submodule; The timer event processing submodule is used to monitor the response status of the first control command issued by the 61850 protocol mapping middleware through a timer.

9. The communication management unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data storage module includes a historical data storage submodule and a third message communication submodule; The third message communication submodule is used to receive the battery sampling data sent by the data transmission center module; The historical data storage submodule is used to store the battery sampling data according to a preset storage period.

10. The communication management unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The data storage module also includes a wave recording data storage submodule; The wave recording data storage submodule is used to store at least one section of continuous sampling data in the battery management system in a circular queue manner.

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