Corn field weeding machine and weeding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a corn field weeding machine and a weeding method, and relates to the technical field of field weeding. The device comprises a traveling device which comprises a vehicle body, and crawler-type traveling mechanisms are constructed on the two sides of the vehicle body; the vertical supporting mechanism comprises a supporting rod fixedly mounted on the top surface of the vehicle body, the supporting rod is slidably sleeved with a mounting sleeve, an electromagnet is mounted at the top end of the supporting rod, and a permanent magnet with a fixed magnetic pole is mounted on the top surface of a sleeve cavity of the mounting sleeve; the horizontal supporting mechanism comprises a cylindrical rod which is horizontally and rotatably mounted on the top surface of the mounting sleeve and is horizontally arranged, the two ends of the cylindrical rod extend out of the mounting sleeve, and extension rods are coaxially mounted at the two ends of the cylindrical rod respectively; the first cutting mechanism comprises a positioning block arranged on the extension rod in a sleeving mode, a vertical rod is installed on the bottom face of the positioning block, and a first cutting tool is constructed at the bottom end of the vertical rod; the problems that in existing mechanical weeding, weeds between plants are difficult to clear away, and corn is prone to being accidentally damaged are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of field weeding, in particular to a corn field weeding machine and a weeding method. Background Art

[0002] Corn weeding is a very important part of the corn planting process. Its main purpose is to control the growth of weeds through chemical or physical methods to reduce the competition for water, nutrients and light for corn growth, thereby increasing corn yield and quality.

[0003] There are many kinds of weeds in corn fields, mainly including annual grass weeds (such as crabgrass, foxtail grass, barnyard grass, etc.) and broadleaf weeds (such as quinoa, Amaranthus retroflexus, and Chenopodium album, etc.). These weeds not only compete with corn for resources, but also may become intermediate hosts for pests and diseases, seriously affecting the growth and yield of corn.

[0004] Although traditional manual and mechanical weeding methods are effective in some cases, they are inefficient, costly, and potentially harmful to the environment and crops. For example, although manual weeding is precise, it is labor-intensive and difficult to remove completely; although mechanical weeding is efficient, improper operation may cause damage to crops and soil, and the equipment cost is high.

[0005] Environmental and health risks of chemical weed control: Although chemical herbicides are highly effective, long-term use can lead to increased weed resistance, increased environmental pollution, and potential harm to human health. In addition, long-residue herbicides also cause serious pollution to soil and water sources.

[0006] Therefore, mechanical weeding has obvious advantages over manual weeding and chemical weeding. However, the difficulty of mechanical weeding mainly lies in the identification and positioning of crops and weeds. Mechanical weeding technology is relatively mature in removing weeds between rows, but there are greater challenges in removing weeds between plants. Since weeds between plants are close to crop plants, mechanical weeding can easily damage crops by mistake. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a corn field weeder and a weeding method to solve the problem that the existing mechanical weeding is difficult to clear the weeds between the plants and is easy to accidentally damage the corn.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical means: A corn field weeder, comprising: The traveling device comprises a vehicle body, and crawler-type traveling mechanisms are constructed on both sides of the vehicle body; A vertical support mechanism, comprising a support rod fixedly mounted on the top surface of the vehicle body, a mounting sleeve being provided on the sliding sleeve of the support rod, an electromagnet being installed on the top of the support rod, and a permanent magnet with fixed magnetic poles being installed on the top surface of the sleeve cavity of the mounting sleeve; The horizontal support mechanism comprises a cylindrical rod horizontally rotatably mounted on the top surface of the mounting sleeve and arranged horizontally, with both ends of the cylindrical rod extending out of the mounting sleeve, and extension rods coaxially mounted on both ends of the cylindrical rod; A first cutting mechanism comprises a positioning block sleeved on the extension rod, a vertical rod is installed on the bottom surface of the positioning block, and a first cutting tool is configured at the bottom end of the vertical rod; The extension rod is provided with a plurality of the first cutting mechanisms, and the space between the rotating outer edges of two adjacent first cutting tools serves as a passing gap for corn rhizomes. The extension rod is provided with a plurality of arc guide plates arranged thereon, and the arc guide plates are provided between two adjacent first cutting mechanisms and located above the passing gap.

[0009] Furthermore, the support rod is a prismatic rod, and the mounting sleeve is arranged to fit the outer wall of the support rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the extension rod is a prismatic rod, and the positioning block is fixedly mounted on the extension rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the vertical rod includes a sleeve fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the positioning block, the sleeve having a cavity therein and passing through the bottom end of the sleeve, a sliding rod coaxially slidingly arranged inside the sleeve, a locking device installed at the mouth of the sleeve, and the first cutting tool arranged at the bottom end of the sliding rod.

[0012] Furthermore, a cavity is coaxially constructed inside the sliding rod, a rotating motor is installed on the side wall of the sliding rod, the rotating end of the rotating motor extends into the cavity of the sliding rod, the first cutting tool is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the sliding rod, and the rotating shaft of the first cutting tool coaxially extends into the cavity of the sliding rod, and the rotating shaft of the first cutting tool is connected to the rotating end of the rotating motor through a bevel gear transmission.

[0013] Furthermore, the first cutting tool comprises a rotating disk coaxially connected to the rotating shaft, the outer edge of the rotating disk is configured with a plurality of cutting teeth around its axis, and rubber strips are extended and installed at the ends of the cutting teeth, and the rubber strips extend into the through gap.

[0014] Furthermore, the arc guide plate includes a positioning rod installed on the bottom surface of the extension rod, and an arc plate is installed on the bottom end of the positioning rod. The arc plate is coaxially arranged with the cylindrical rod, and the convex arc surface of the arc plate is arranged downward.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the vehicle body is constructed with a mounting groove penetrating along the traveling direction, and a second cutting mechanism is installed on the top surface of the mounting groove, and the cutting end of the second cutting mechanism is arranged downward.

[0016] A corn field weeding method uses the aforementioned corn field weeder to perform weeding operations.

[0017] During use, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: When mowing, the traveling device is used to move the entire equipment. The vertical support mechanism is adjusted to adjust the direction of the horizontal support mechanism. By controlling the magnetic force and magnetic pole of the electromagnet, during operation, the side of the electromagnet facing the permanent magnet has the same magnetic properties as the permanent magnet, so that the mounting sleeve can be lifted up. By adjusting the magnetic force of the electromagnet, the height of the horizontal support mechanism can be adjusted so that the top of the corn crop can smoothly pass under the extension rod. During the weeding process, the first cutting mechanism is used to cut the weeds on both sides of the corn stalks. During the movement of the traveling device, the corn stalks pass through the gap, and the weeds on both sides of the corn stalks are cut by the two first cutting tools. Moreover, the electromagnet and permanent magnet can not only adjust the height of the extension rod, but also, after the adjustment is completed, the installation sleeve is in a suspended state. In this way, if the height of some corn stalks is too high and exceeds the height of the extension rod, when the extension rod passes through the super-high corn crop, under the action of the arc guide plate, as the super-high part of the corn crop is slightly bent, under the action of the arc guide plate, the extension rod can be lifted, thereby avoiding serious pressure on the corn crop and causing damage to the crop. Moreover, since the magnetic force of the electromagnet can remain stable during one operation, after the extension rod is lifted and passes through the super-high plant, the installation sleeve can fall naturally and return to its original position. At the same time, by rotating the cylindrical rod, when the body of the traveling device passes through an uneven position, the cylindrical rod can be naturally rotated under the adjustment of the deadweight of the first cutting mechanism, thereby ensuring that the first cutting mechanism is always in a vertical state, avoiding the first cutting tool from being scratched on the bottom surface when the traveling device passes through an uneven field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the AA section structure.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the BB section structure.

[0023] Among them, 1-body, 2-crawler travel mechanism, 3-support rod, 4-mounting sleeve, 5-electromagnet, 6-permanent magnet, 7-cylindrical rod, 8-extension rod, 9-positioning block, 10-vertical rod, 101-cylinder sleeve, 102-sliding rod, 11-first cutting tool, 111-turntable, 112-tooth, 12-arc guide plate, 121-positioning rod, 122-arc plate, 13-locking device, 14-rotating motor, 15-rubber strip, 16-mounting groove, 17-second cutting mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0027] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, or the positions or positional relationships commonly understood by those skilled in the art, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a corn field weeder comprises: The traveling device comprises a vehicle body 1, and crawler-type traveling mechanisms 2 are constructed on both sides of the vehicle body 1; A vertical support mechanism, comprising a support rod 3 fixedly mounted on the top surface of the vehicle body 1, a mounting sleeve 4 being slidably sleeved on the support rod 3, an electromagnet 5 being mounted on the top of the support rod 3, and a permanent magnet 6 with fixed magnetic poles being mounted on the top surface of the sleeve cavity of the mounting sleeve 4; The horizontal support mechanism comprises a cylindrical rod 7 which is horizontally rotatably mounted on the top surface of the mounting sleeve 4 and is arranged horizontally, and both ends of the cylindrical rod 7 extend out of the mounting sleeve 4, and extension rods 8 are coaxially mounted on both ends of the cylindrical rod 7; The first cutting mechanism comprises a positioning block 9 sleeved on the extension rod 8, a vertical rod 10 is installed on the bottom surface of the positioning block 9, and a first cutting tool 11 is configured at the bottom end of the vertical rod 10; The extension rod 8 is provided with a plurality of the first cutting mechanisms, and the space between the rotating outer edges of two adjacent first cutting tools 11 serves as a passing gap for corn rhizomes. The extension rod 8 is provided with a plurality of arc guide plates 12, and the arc guide plates 12 are provided between two adjacent first cutting mechanisms and are located above the passing gap.

[0031] In this way, when mowing, the traveling device is used to move the entire equipment. The vertical support mechanism is adjusted to adjust the direction of the horizontal support mechanism. By controlling the magnetic force and magnetic pole of the electromagnet 5, during operation, the side of the electromagnet 5 facing the permanent magnet 6 has the same magnetic properties as the permanent magnet 6, that is, the mounting sleeve 4 can be lifted up. By adjusting the magnetic force of the electromagnet 5, the height of the horizontal support mechanism can be adjusted, so that the top of the corn crop can smoothly pass under the extension rod 8. In the process of weeding, the first cutting mechanism is used to cut the weeds on both sides of the corn stalks. In the process of the traveling device moving, the corn stalks pass through the gap, and the weeds on both sides of the corn stalks are cut by the two first cutting tools 11. Furthermore, the electromagnet 5 and the permanent magnet 6 are provided, and not only the height of the extension rod 8 can be adjusted, but also, since the installation sleeve 4 is in a suspended state after the adjustment is completed, if the height of some corn stalks is too high and exceeds the height of the extension rod 8, when the extension rod 8 passes through the super-high corn crop, under the action of the arc guide plate 12, as the super-high part of the corn crop is slightly bent, under the action of the arc guide plate 12, the extension rod 8 can be lifted, thereby avoiding serious pressure on the corn crop and causing damage to the crop. Moreover, since the magnetic force of the electromagnet 5 can remain stable during one operation, after the extension rod 8 is lifted and passes through the super-high plant, the installation sleeve 4 can fall naturally and return to its original position. At the same time, by rotating the cylindrical rod 7, when the body 1 of the traveling device passes through an uneven position, the cylindrical rod 7 can rotate naturally under the adjustment of the first cutting mechanism's own weight, thereby ensuring that the first cutting mechanism is always in a vertical state, thereby preventing the first cutting tool 11 from being scratched on the bottom surface when the traveling device passes through an uneven field.

[0032] Furthermore, in order to improve the connection stability between the various components of the device, the support rod 3 is a prismatic rod, and the mounting sleeve 4 is arranged to fit the outer wall of the support rod 3.

[0033] Moreover, the extension rod 8 is a prismatic rod, and the positioning block 9 is fixedly mounted on the extension rod 8 .

[0034] In order to adjust the gap between the first cutting tool 11 and the ground, and avoid interference caused by the first cutting tool 11 being too close or too short to the ground after adjusting the height of the extension rod 8, the vertical rod 10 includes a sleeve 101 fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the positioning block 9, the sleeve 101 has a cavity therein and penetrates from the bottom end of the sleeve 101, a sliding rod 102 is coaxially slidably arranged in the sleeve 101, a locking device 13 is installed at the mouth of the sleeve 101, and the first cutting tool 11 is arranged at the bottom end of the sliding rod 102.

[0035] In this way, the distance between the first cutting tool 11 and the ground can be adjusted by loosening the locking device 13 and sliding the sliding rod 102 in the sleeve 101 .

[0036] Furthermore, a cavity is coaxially constructed inside the sliding rod 102, and a rotating motor 14 is installed on the side wall of the sliding rod 102. The rotating end of the rotating motor 14 extends into the cavity of the sliding rod 102. The first cutting tool 11 is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the sliding rod 102, and the rotating shaft of the first cutting tool 11 coaxially extends into the cavity of the sliding rod 102. The rotating shaft of the first cutting tool 11 is connected to the rotating end of the rotating motor 14 through a bevel gear transmission.

[0037] Furthermore, in order to better cut the weeds around the corn stalk diameter, the first cutting tool 11 includes a turntable 111 coaxially connected to the rotating shaft, and the outer edge of the turntable 111 is constructed with a plurality of teeth 112 around its axis, and the end of the tooth 112 is extended and installed with a rubber strip 15, and the rubber strip 15 extends into the through gap.

[0038] In this way, the rubber strip 15 is used to hit the bottom side of the corn stalk when the corn stalk passes through the gap. The deformation of the rubber strip 15 can prevent the corn stalk from being cut. At the same time, the rubber strip 15 can wave the weeds near the corn stalk to the position of the teeth 112 of the first cutting tool 11 for cutting, thereby not only ensuring that the corn stalk will not be damaged, but also improving the cutting effect of the weeds near the corn stalk.

[0039] Furthermore, the arc guide plate 12 includes a positioning rod 121 installed on the bottom surface of the extension rod 8, and an arc plate 122 is installed at the bottom end of the positioning rod 121. The arc plate 122 is coaxially arranged with the cylindrical rod 7, and the convex arc surface of the arc plate 122 is arranged downward.

[0040] In addition, in order to achieve field mowing, that is, to cut the weeds on the path along which the vehicle body 1 passes, the bottom surface of the vehicle body 1 is constructed with a mounting groove 16 that penetrates along the traveling direction, and the top surface of the mounting groove 16 is installed with a second cutting mechanism 17, and the cutting end of the second cutting mechanism 17 is arranged downward.

[0041] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corn field weeder, characterized in that: include: A traveling device, comprising a vehicle body (1), with crawler-type traveling mechanisms (2) being constructed on both sides of the vehicle body (1); A vertical support mechanism comprises a support rod (3) fixedly mounted on the top surface of the vehicle body (1), a mounting sleeve (4) being provided on a sliding sleeve of the support rod (3), an electromagnet (5) being mounted on the top of the support rod (3), and a permanent magnet (6) with fixed magnetic poles being mounted on the top surface of the sleeve cavity of the mounting sleeve (4); The horizontal support mechanism comprises a cylindrical rod (7) which is horizontally rotatably mounted on the top surface of the mounting sleeve (4) and is arranged horizontally, the two ends of the cylindrical rod (7) extending out of the mounting sleeve (4), and the two ends of the cylindrical rod (7) are respectively coaxially mounted with extension rods (8); A first cutting mechanism comprises a positioning block (9) sleeved on the extension rod (8), a vertical rod (10) being mounted on the bottom surface of the positioning block (9), and a first cutting tool (11) being configured at the bottom end of the vertical rod (10); The extension rod (8) is provided with a plurality of the first cutting mechanisms, and a gap between the rotating outer edges of two adjacent first cutting knives (11) serves as a passing gap for corn rhizomes. The extension rod (8) is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped guide plates (12) arranged in an array, and the arc-shaped guide plates (12) are provided between two adjacent first cutting mechanisms and are located above the passing gap.

2. A corn field weeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod (3) is a prismatic rod, and the mounting sleeve (4) is arranged to fit the outer wall of the support rod (3).

3. A corn field weeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension rod (8) is a prismatic rod, and the positioning block (9) is fixedly mounted on the extension rod (8).

4. A corn field weeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical rod (10) comprises a sleeve (101) fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the positioning block (9), the sleeve (101) having a cavity therein and penetrating from the bottom end of the sleeve (101), a sliding rod (102) coaxially slidingly arranged in the sleeve (101), a locking device (13) being installed at the sleeve mouth of the sleeve (101), and the first cutting tool (11) being arranged at the bottom end of the sliding rod (102).

5. A corn field weeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: A cavity is coaxially structured inside the sliding rod (102), a rotating motor (14) is installed on the side wall of the sliding rod (102), and the rotating end of the rotating motor (14) extends into the cavity of the sliding rod (102). The first cutting tool (11) is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the sliding rod (102), and the rotating shaft of the first cutting tool (11) coaxially extends into the cavity of the sliding rod (102), and the rotating shaft of the first cutting tool (11) is connected to the rotating end of the rotating motor (14) through a bevel gear transmission.

6. A corn field weeder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first cutting tool (11) comprises a rotating disk (111) coaxially connected to the rotating shaft, the outer edge of the rotating disk (111) being configured with a plurality of cutting teeth (112) around its axis, the ends of the cutting teeth (112) being extended with rubber strips (15) mounted thereon, the rubber strips (15) extending into the through gap.

7. A corn field weeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped guide plate (12) comprises a positioning rod (121) mounted on the bottom surface of the extension rod (8), and an arc-shaped plate (122) is mounted on the bottom end of the positioning rod (121). The arc-shaped plate (122) is coaxially arranged with the cylindrical rod (7), and the outer convex arc surface of the arc-shaped plate (122) is arranged downward.

8. The corn field weeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the vehicle body (1) is provided with a mounting groove (16) penetrating along the traveling direction, and a second cutting mechanism (17) is installed on the top surface of the mounting groove (16), wherein the cutting end of the second cutting mechanism (17) is arranged downward.

9. A method for weeding in a corn field, characterized in that: A corn field weeder according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used for weeding operations.

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