Preparation method and application of boron atom doped palladium electrocatalyst

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst. The preparation method of the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst comprises the step of uniformly loading boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles on a carbon-based carrier. According to the preparation method, the boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles are loaded on the carbon-based carrier by using an in-situ reduction method, so that the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst taking the carbon-based carrier as the carrier is further obtained, after boron atom doping, the crystal lattice size of metal palladium in the palladium nanoparticles is changed, the D band center position of the metal palladium is changed, adsorption and activation of small molecules are facilitated, and the performance of the electrocatalyst is improved. The yield of active hydrogen is increased, and the adsorption strength of reactants and products on the surface of the electrode is balanced, so that the dechlorination reaction is promoted, the dechlorination rate and the dechlorination efficiency are improved, and the generation rate of toxic and side products is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of electrocatalysis, and in particular to a preparation method and application of a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst. Background Art

[0002] Chlorinated organic compounds (COCs) play an important role in the field of chemical raw materials and intermediates, but they are also highly toxic pollutants. If they are improperly stored or handled and flow into the environment, they will pollute surface water, soil, and underground aquifers. At present, due to the potential "three-cause" effects (carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic) of chlorinated organic compounds, the pollution problem of chlorinated organic compounds has also attracted widespread attention from scientific researchers.

[0003] Electrochemical dechlorination technology has become a hot research direction for treating water bodies contaminated by chlorinated organic matter due to its advantages such as safety, easy operation, high removal efficiency, mild reaction conditions, high selectivity and no secondary pollution. This technology uses a catalyst to provide active hydrogen (H * ), replacing the chlorine atoms in COCs, thereby achieving dechlorination. Among them, the precious metal palladium is one of the commonly used electrode materials for electrocatalytic dechlorination due to its excellent cathode hydrogen production characteristics. Palladium is regarded as a promising candidate material due to its high catalytic activity, selectivity and convenient preparation process, but its high cost limits its widespread application. Therefore, reducing costs, enhancing the catalytic efficiency of palladium, reducing dosage and improving the efficiency of active hydrogen generation are the core issues that need to be solved at present. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a method for preparing a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst, and also proposes the application of the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst in the electrochemical dechlorination of chlorinated organic compounds.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The preparation method of the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst of the present invention comprises the following steps: uniformly loading the boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles on a carbon-based carrier. S1, dissolving a palladium precursor to obtain a palladium precursor solution; S2, dissolving ammonium fluoride and boric acid in deionized water to obtain a first mixed solution; then adding a palladium precursor solution to the first mixed solution and uniformly dispersing the solution to obtain a second mixed solution; S3, adjusting the pH value of the second mixed solution to 8-10; under the protection of inert gas and ice bath conditions, adding a reducing agent dropwise to the second mixed solution, stirring at room temperature for 30-60 minutes after the dropwise addition is completed, and then centrifuging or filtering, washing, to obtain boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles, dispersing the boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles in an organic solvent to obtain a nanoparticle dispersion for standby use; S4, dispersing the carbon-based carrier in ethanol to obtain a carrier dispersion; dropping the carrier dispersion into the nanoparticle dispersion in S3, ultrasonically mixing, centrifuging or filtering, washing, and drying to obtain a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst with the carbon-based material as a carrier.

[0006] The beneficial effect is that the present invention utilizes an in-situ reduction method to load boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles on a carbon-based carrier, thereby obtaining a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst with a carbon-based carrier as a carrier, effectively adjusting the electronic structure characteristics of metallic palladium, improving the dechlorination rate and dechlorination efficiency, and reducing the generation rate of toxic by-products.

[0007] In addition, after doping with boron atoms, the lattice size of metallic palladium in palladium nanoparticles is changed, and the center position of its D band is changed, which is beneficial to the adsorption and activation of small molecules, enhances the production of active hydrogen, and balances the adsorption strength of reactants and products on the electrode surface, thereby promoting the dechlorination reaction and improving the dechlorination rate.

[0008] Preferably, the palladium precursor in S1 is any one of sodium tetrachloropalladate, palladium chloride, and palladium nitrate, or a combination of any two or more thereof; wherein, during dissolution, sodium tetrachloropalladate is dissolved in 50-60° C. hot water or ethanol; palladium chloride and palladium nitrate are dissolved in deionized water.

[0009] Preferably, in S2, the pH value of the second mixed solution is adjusted to 8 to 10 using sodium hydroxide solution or ammonia water. The concentration of ammonia water is preferably 25% to 28%.

[0010] Preferably, the reducing agent in S3 is any one of sodium borohydride, diborane and dimethylamine borane; the washing in S3 is ethanol washing; and the organic solvent in S3 is ethanol.

[0011] Preferably, the carbon-based carrier in S4 is any one or more of graphene, carbon black, graphite, carbon nanotubes and biochar, and the amount of the carbon-based carrier in the carrier dispersion is (30-50) mg / 50 mL.

[0012] Preferably, in S4, the mass percentage of the palladium nanoparticles doped with boron atoms in the palladium electrocatalyst doped with boron atoms on a carbon-based carrier is 5% to 25%.

[0013] The present invention also proposes the application of a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst in the electrochemical dechlorination of chlorinated organic compounds, wherein the application is to disperse the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst in a binder, then drop it onto an electrode substrate, and naturally dry it to obtain a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode, and use the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode as a working electrode to electrochemically dechlorinate chlorine-containing organic matter.

[0014] Preferably, the adhesive is prepared from Nafion, ethanol and isopropanol in a volume ratio of 1:0.05:4. During preparation, the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst and the adhesive are ultrasonically dispersed uniformly, and the ultrasonic mixed solution is dripped into the working area of ​​the electrode substrate during dropwise addition, and each drop is dried before the next drop is added.

[0015] The electrochemical dechlorination reaction adopts a three-electrode system, which includes a counter electrode, a reference electrode and a working electrode. The counter electrode is a platinum sheet electrode, the reference electrode is Ag / AgCl, and the working electrode is a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode; the electrolyte in the anode chamber is a sodium sulfate solution, and the electrolyte in the cathode chamber is a sodium sulfate solution containing 2,4-dichlorophenol. More preferably, the concentration of the sodium sulfate solution in the cathode chamber and the cathode chamber is 50 mM, and the concentration of 2,4-dichlorophenol in the cathode chamber electrolyte is 50 mg / L; the working voltage is -0.65 V to -0.95 V.

[0016] The working electrode prepared by the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst of the present invention has strong dechlorination reaction activity, shows good removal effect on chlorine-containing organic matter, can significantly improve the dechlorination rate of organic pollutants, dechlorinate more thoroughly, and can also reduce the generation of toxic by-products, which is more green and environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is the TEM characterization image of the palladium electrocatalyst doped with boron atoms in Example 1.

[0018] Figure 2 This is the HRTEM characterization image of the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst in Example 1.

[0019] Figure 3 This is the XRD characterization diagram of the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst in Example 1.

[0020] Figure 4 It is the dechlorination rate of 2,4-dichlorophenol by the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode in Example 3. In the figure, palladium / carbon black is a comparative electrode; boron-doped palladium / carbon black is a working electrode prepared in Example 2.

[0021] Figure 5 This is the effect of the electrode on the dechlorination byproduct of 2,4-dichlorophenol in Example 3. In the figure, palladium / carbon black is a comparative electrode; boron-doped palladium / carbon black is a working electrode prepared in Example 2.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the dechlorination reaction device constructed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be noted that the chemical reagents used in the present invention are all existing commercially available reagents.

[0024] The present invention provides a method for preparing a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst. The preparation method comprises uniformly loading boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles on a carbon-based carrier, and specifically comprises the following steps: S1, dissolving a palladium precursor to obtain a palladium precursor solution; wherein the palladium precursor is any one of sodium tetrachloropalladate, palladium chloride, and palladium nitrate, or a combination of any two or more thereof; during the dissolution, sodium tetrachloropalladate is dissolved in 50-60° C. hot water or ethanol; palladium chloride and palladium nitrate are dissolved in deionized water; S2, dissolving ammonium fluoride and boric acid in deionized water to obtain a first mixed solution; then adding a palladium precursor solution to the first mixed solution and uniformly dispersing the solution to obtain a second mixed solution; S3, adjusting the pH value of the second mixed solution to 8-10 (using sodium hydroxide solution or ammonia water, the concentration of ammonia water is 25%-28%); adding a reducing agent dropwise to the second mixed solution under inert gas (preferably nitrogen protection) and ice bath conditions, stirring at room temperature for 30-60 minutes after the addition is completed, centrifuging or filtering, washing with ethanol to obtain boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles, dispersing them in ethanol, and setting aside; Wherein, the reducing agent is any one of sodium borohydride, diborane and dimethylamine borane; S4, dispersing the carbon-based carrier in ethanol to obtain a carrier dispersion; adding the carrier dispersion dropwise to the ethanol dispersion of the boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles, ultrasonicating for 30 to 60 minutes to mix the two evenly, centrifuging or filtering, washing with ethanol, and vacuum drying at 40 to 60°C overnight to obtain a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst with a carbon-based carrier as a carrier. The carbon-based carrier is one of graphene, carbon black, graphite, carbon nanotubes and biochar, and the amount of the carbon-based carrier in the carrier dispersion is (30 to 50) mg / 50 mL; the mass content of the boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles in the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst is 5% to 25%.

[0025] The present invention utilizes an in-situ reduction method to load boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles on a carbon-based carrier, thereby obtaining a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst with the carbon-based carrier as a carrier, effectively adjusting the electronic structure characteristics of metallic palladium, improving the dechlorination efficiency and removal rate, and reducing the generation rate of toxic byproducts.

[0026] Example 1 Preparation of Boron Atom-Doped Palladium Electrocatalyst 1. Preparation of Boron-doped Palladium Electrocatalyst S1, dissolve 10 mg of palladium chloride in 20 mL of deionized water to obtain a palladium precursor solution; S2, dissolving 19.4 mg of ammonium fluoride and 100 mg of boric acid in deionized water to obtain a first mixed solution; adding the palladium precursor solution in S1 to the first mixed solution, and uniformly dispersing by ultrasonication to obtain a second mixed solution; S3, adjusting the pH value of the second mixed solution to 8-10 with ammonia water; adding dimethylammonium borane dropwise to the second mixed solution in a nitrogen environment and an ice bath, stirring at room temperature for 30-60 minutes after the addition is completed, and then centrifuging or filtering, washing, to obtain boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles, dispersing the boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles in ethanol to obtain a nanoparticle dispersion for later use; S4, dispersing 40 mg of carbon black in 50 mL of ethanol to obtain a carbon black dispersion; adding the carbon black dispersion to the nanoparticle dispersion in S3, ultrasonicating for 30 min to 60 min, centrifuging or filtering, washing, and vacuum drying at 40 to 60 ° C overnight to obtain a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst with carbon black as a carrier. The mass percentage of the boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles in the palladium electrocatalyst in this embodiment is 9%.

[0027] 2. Characterization of Boron-doped Pd Electrocatalysts 1. TEM characterization results of boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalysts are shown in Figure 1 .Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the boron-doped palladium nanoparticles are uniformly loaded on the carbon black carrier.

[0028] 2. HRTEM characterization results of boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalysts are shown in Figure 2 . Figure 2 It was proved that the nanoparticles were palladium nanoparticles with a lattice spacing of about 0.23 nm, belonging to the (111) crystal plane.

[0029] 3. XRD characterization results of boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalysts are shown in Figure 3 , Figure 3 The three obvious diffraction peaks are attributed to metallic palladium, indicating the successful synthesis of palladium nanoparticle electrocatalysts; in addition, the small angle shift of the (111) crystal plane indicates the enlargement of the metallic palladium lattice, confirming the successful doping of boron.

[0030] Example 2 Preparation of Boron Atom Doped Palladium Electrocatalyst Electrode In the first step, carbon paper was cut as the electrode substrate with a working area of ​​2 cm × 3 cm; In the second step, Nafion, ethanol and isopropanol are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:0.05:4 to obtain an adhesive; In the third step, 15.6 mg of the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst prepared in Example 1 is taken and ultrasonically dispersed in a binder to form an ink-like dispersion; Use a dropper to add the dispersion drop by drop to the working area of ​​the electrode substrate. After each drop is added and dried, the next drop is added. After the addition is completed, it is naturally dried to obtain a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode.

[0031] Comparative Example 1 Preparation of Palladium Electrocatalyst Electrode The preparation of the comparative electrode palladium electrocatalyst electrode is the same as the preparation of the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode in Example 2. The palladium electrocatalyst is palladium nanoparticles supported on a carbon black carrier, and the preparation steps are as follows: S1, dissolving 10 mg of palladium chloride in 20 mL of deionized water to obtain a palladium precursor solution; dispersing 40 mg of carbon black in 50 mL of deionized water to obtain a carbon black dispersion; S2, injecting the palladium precursor solution into the carbon black dispersion, and uniformly dispersing the mixture by ultrasonication to obtain a first mixed solution; S3, dissolving 100 mg of sodium borohydride in 10 mL of deionized water, adding ammonia water to adjust the pH value to 8-10, to obtain a second mixed solution; S4, under room temperature and stirring conditions, the second mixed solution is added dropwise to the first mixed solution, and stirring is maintained for 30 to 60 minutes after the dropwise addition is completed, and then centrifuged or filtered, washed, and vacuum dried at 60° C. overnight to obtain a palladium electrocatalyst with carbon black as a carrier. The mass percentage of palladium nanoparticles in this comparative example is 13%.

[0032] Example 3 Application of Boron Atom Doped Palladium Electrocatalyst Electrode The present invention constructs a dechlorination reaction device according to a three-electrode system, and uses a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode to dechlorinate 2,4-dichlorophenol, which specifically includes the following contents: The first step is to build a dechlorination reaction device Combination Figure 6 It can be seen that the dechlorination reaction tank adopts a double-chamber electrolytic cell, wherein the anode chamber 1 and the cathode chamber 2 are separated by a cation exchange membrane 3 (such as Nafion 117), and the volume of the anode chamber 1 and the cathode chamber 2 are both 50 mL; the anode chamber 1 and the cathode chamber 2 are both bottom-in and top-out, and the chlorine-containing electrolyte (i.e., sodium sulfate solution containing 2,4-dichlorophenol) in the cathode chamber 2 is connected to the liquid inlet at the bottom of the cathode chamber 2 through the first peristaltic pump 4, and the electrolyte (i.e., sodium sulfate) in the anode chamber 1 is connected to the liquid inlet at the bottom of the anode chamber 1 through the second peristaltic pump 5; A circuit was constructed according to a three-electrode system, wherein the counter electrode was a platinum sheet electrode 6 with a specification of 20 mm×30 mm (placed in the anode chamber), the reference electrode 7 (placed in the cathode chamber) was Ag / AgCl (3.0 M KCl), and the working electrode 8 was the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode prepared in Example 2 (placed in the cathode chamber); In the second step, during electrolysis, the first peristaltic pump 4 and the second peristaltic pump 5 are used to pump the chlorine-containing electrolyte and the anolyte into the cathode chamber 2 and the anode chamber 1 respectively. The reaction conditions are: room temperature electrolysis, the cathode chamber 2 is magnetically stirred, and the speed is 500 rpm; the electrolysis procedure uses the chronoamperometry method, and the electrolysis voltage is −0.85 V; The anolyte is a 50 mM sodium sulfate solution; the chlorine-containing electrolyte is a sodium sulfate solution containing 2,4-dichlorophenol, the concentration of the sodium sulfate solution is 50 mM, and the content of 2,4-dichlorophenol is 50 mg / L; During the electrolysis process, nitrogen is continuously introduced into the cathode chamber to reduce the effect of dissolved oxygen on the dechlorination reaction; The third step is to take samples from the cathode chamber regularly with a glass syringe during the reaction process, and use HPLC to detect and analyze the reaction solution taken regularly. The organic matter in the reaction solution includes 2,4-dichlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol, 2-chlorophenol and phenol; the dechlorination rate is calculated, and the results are shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 ; The calculation formula of dechlorination rate is η (%) = ( C 0 - C t ) / C 0 ×100%, where C 0 is the initial concentration of 2,4-dichlorophenol, mg / L; C t The electrolysis time is t The concentration of 2,4-dichlorophenol in the cathode chamber at time , mg / L; The dechlorination rate of 2,4-dichlorophenol by the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode in this embodiment is shown in Figure 4 .Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that as the electrolysis time increases, the dechlorination rate of 2,4-dichlorophenol by the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode gradually increases. When the electrolysis time is 180 minutes, the removal rate of 2,4-dichlorophenol by the present invention is increased to 79.98%. The results show that the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode of the present invention has a strong dechlorination reaction activity, the dechlorination effect is significantly improved, and the dechlorination rate can be increased.

[0033] The electrolysis products 4-chlorophenol and 2-chlorophenol are by-products. The by-product content during the electrolysis process is shown in Figure 5 .Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode of the present invention has better selectivity for the product phenol than the traditional palladium electrocatalyst electrode, and the dechlorination degree of the present invention is more thorough.

[0034] Example 4 Effect of working voltage on the dechlorination rate of 2,4-dichlorophenol In this example, the working voltage (i.e., electrolysis voltage) was used as a variable, and the dechlorination reaction device constructed in Example 3 was used to carry out a dechlorination reaction, and the effect of different working voltages on the dechlorination rate of 2,4-dichlorophenol was investigated. The electrolysis time at each working voltage was 180 min, and the dechlorination rate corresponding to each working voltage was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0035] Table 1 Effect of different working voltages on the dechlorination rate of 2,4-dichlorophenol It can be seen from Table 1 that with the increase of the working voltage (i.e., the increase of the absolute value of the working voltage), the dechlorination rate of the working electrode of the present invention for 2,4-dichlorophenol shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. When the working voltage is −0.85 V, the working electrode has the best dechlorination effect on 2,4-dichlorophenol.

[0036] Example 5 Repeatability of the Boron Atom-Doped Palladium Electrocatalyst Electrode of the Present Invention The steps of Example 3 were repeated to dechlorinate 2,4-dichlorophenol using a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode. The dechlorination was repeated five times, each time for 180 min, and the operating voltage was −0.85 V. The effect of multiple uses of the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode on the dechlorination rate was investigated. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0037] Table 2 Repeatability of boron-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrodes As can be seen from Table 2, after the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode was reused five times, its dechlorination rate for 2,4-dichlorophenol was still as high as 75.39%, indicating that the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode of the present invention has high stability and good repeatability, and can be used repeatedly, thereby reducing the dechlorination cost of chlorinated organic compounds.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst, characterized in that: The preparation method is to uniformly load the boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles on a carbon-based carrier, and specifically comprises the following steps: S1, dissolving a palladium precursor to obtain a palladium precursor solution; S2, dissolving ammonium fluoride and boric acid in deionized water to obtain a first mixed solution; then adding a palladium precursor solution to the first mixed solution and uniformly dispersing the solution to obtain a second mixed solution; S3, adjusting the pH value of the second mixed solution to 8-10; Under the protection of inert gas and ice bath conditions, a reducing agent is added dropwise to the second mixed solution, and after the dropwise addition is completed, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 30 to 60 minutes, and then centrifuged or filtered, washed, to obtain boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles, and the boron atom-doped palladium nanoparticles are dispersed in an organic solvent to obtain a nanoparticle dispersion for later use; S4, dispersing the carbon-based carrier in ethanol to obtain a carrier dispersion; dropping the carrier dispersion into the nanoparticle dispersion in step S3, ultrasonically mixing, centrifuging or filtering, washing, and drying to obtain a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst based on a carbon-based carrier.

2. The method for preparing a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The palladium precursor in S1 is any one of sodium tetrachloropalladate, palladium chloride, and palladium nitrate, or a combination of any two or more thereof; wherein, during dissolution, sodium tetrachloropalladate is dissolved in 50-60° C. hot water or ethanol; palladium chloride and palladium nitrate are dissolved in deionized water.

3. The method for preparing a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the pH value of the second mixed solution is adjusted to 8-10 using sodium hydroxide solution or ammonia water.

4. The method for preparing a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reducing agent in S3 is any one of sodium borohydride, diborane and dimethylamine borane; the washing in S3 is ethanol washing; the organic solvent in S3 is ethanol.

5. The method for preparing the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon-based carrier in S4 is any one or more of graphene, carbon black, graphite, carbon nanotubes and biochar, and the amount of the carbon-based carrier in the carrier dispersion is (30-50) mg / 50 mL.

6. The method for preparing the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S4, the mass percentage of the palladium nanoparticles doped with boron atoms in the palladium electrocatalyst doped with boron atoms is 5% to 25%.

7. Use of the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst prepared according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the electrochemical dechlorination of chlorinated organic compounds, wherein: The application is to disperse the boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst in a binder, then drip it onto an electrode substrate, and naturally dry it to obtain a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode. The boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode is used as a working electrode to electrochemically dechlorinate chlorine-containing organic matter.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adhesive is prepared by mixing Nafion, ethanol and isopropanol in a volume ratio of 1:0.05:

4.

9. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electrochemical dechlorination reaction adopts a three-electrode system, which includes a counter electrode, a reference electrode and a working electrode. The counter electrode is a platinum sheet electrode, the reference electrode is Ag / AgCl, and the working electrode is a boron atom-doped palladium electrocatalyst electrode; the electrolyte in the anode chamber is a sodium sulfate solution, and the electrolyte in the cathode chamber is a sodium sulfate solution containing 2,4-dichlorophenol.

10. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the electrochemical dechlorination reaction, the operating voltage is −0.65 V to −0.95 V.

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