Constructed wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection and energy conservation, in particular to a constructed wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater, which comprises a main body structure arranged underground, an impermeable membrane is welded on the inner wall of the main body structure, and a sedimentation tank, a filter tank, constructed wetland main bodies arranged in parallel and an online detection device are arranged in the main body structure. One side of the sedimentation tank is connected with a hazardous waste leachate wastewater inlet pipe, the other side of the sedimentation tank is connected with a filter tank through a pipeline and a pump, the other side of the filter tank is respectively connected with a constructed wetland main body through a pipeline and a pump, and water outlets of the constructed wetland main body are respectively provided with an online detection device. The constructed wetland main body can be effectively prevented from being blocked through the sedimentation tank and the filter tank, cleaning is convenient, the filler layer has a good adsorption effect, and the constructed wetland system is high in stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection and energy conservation, and in particular to an artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate and wastewater. Background Art

[0002] Constructed wetlands are artificially constructed and controlled land similar to swamps. Sewage and sludge are distributed in a controlled manner on artificially constructed wetlands. During the flow of sewage and sludge in a certain direction, the sewage and sludge are treated by the synergistic effects of soil, artificial media, plants, and microorganisms, which mainly utilize the physical, chemical, and biological effects of soil, artificial media, plants, and microorganisms. Its mechanism of action includes adsorption, retention, filtration, oxidation-reduction, precipitation, microbial decomposition, transformation, plant shading, residue accumulation, transpiration water and nutrient absorption, and the effects of various animals.

[0003] The current traditional artificial wetland packing layer has poor adsorption effect and low treatment efficiency. It is easy to clog and difficult to recover after clogging, which seriously affects its stability and operation efficiency. Hazardous waste leachate wastewater has the typical characteristics of high COD, high ammonia nitrogen, and high chroma. The existing physicochemical-biochemical treatment method has unstable effluent quality and high treatment cost; it is also difficult to achieve ideal treatment effects using traditional artificial wetlands. In view of this, we propose an artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] An artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater comprises a main structure arranged below the ground, an impermeable membrane is welded to the inner wall of the main structure, a sedimentation tank, a filter tank, an artificial wetland main body arranged in parallel, and an online detection device are arranged inside the main structure, one side of the sedimentation tank is connected to a water inlet pipe for hazardous waste leachate wastewater, the other side of the sedimentation tank is connected to the filter tank through a pipeline and a pump, the other side of the filter tank is connected to the artificial wetland main body through a pipeline and a pump, and the water outlets of the artificial wetland main body are respectively provided with online detection devices.

[0007] Preferably, a filter screen is provided inside the sedimentation tank, the filter screen is located below the hazardous waste leachate wastewater inlet pipe, and a sewage cleaning port is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation tank.

[0008] Preferably, an activated carbon adsorption plate is arranged inside the filter pool, a water inlet is arranged above the filter pool, a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the filter pool, the activated carbon adsorption plate is located below the water inlet of the filter pool, and a water collection area is formed between the activated carbon adsorption plate and the bottom of the filter pool.

[0009] Preferably, the artificial wetland body includes a wetland bed, and a drainage layer, a filler layer, a sand layer, and a plant layer are arranged in sequence from bottom to top inside the wetland bed. A radial water distribution pipe is arranged above the wetland bed, the middle part of the water distribution pipe is connected to the filter tank, a water distribution hole is opened at the bottom of the water distribution pipe, and a drain outlet is arranged at the bottom of the wetland bed, and an online detection device is connected to the drain outlet.

[0010] Preferably, the filler layer includes a pebble layer, a ceramsite layer, a biochar layer, and a crushed stone layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the filling thickness ratio of the pebble layer, the ceramsite layer, the biochar layer, and the crushed stone layer is 2:1:3:3.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation of the biochar layer comprises the following steps:

[0012] Crush the plant straw;

[0013] The crushed plant straw is dried at a temperature of 80 to 100°C for 1 to 2 hours;

[0014] The dried plant straw is transferred to the carbonization equipment for high-temperature carbonization at a temperature of 400 to 600°C for 2 to 4 hours;

[0015] The biochar obtained after cooling is mixed with kaolin, and the mixing volume ratio of the biochar to the kaolin is 1 to 5:1 to obtain a biochar layer filler.

[0016] Preferably, earthworms, insects or other soil animals are introduced into the filler layer.

[0017] Preferably, the plant layer includes one or more of canna, shallot, rush, windmill grass, lily, celery, loosestrife, yellow calamus, ophiopogon, arundo donax, water sedge, hornwort, and Vallisneria, with a planting density of 16 to 25 plants / m 2 .

[0018] Preferably, a circulating water pipe is arranged between the inner wall of the main structure and the artificial wetland body, the circulating water pipe is connected to an electric heating device through a circulating water pump, the electric heating device is electrically connected to a solar battery, a solar charging panel is arranged on the top of the main structure, and the solar charging panel is electrically connected to the solar battery.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes a control system, and the control system is electrically connected to the online detection device for communication.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater performs preliminary sedimentation and filtration on the wastewater through sedimentation tanks and filtration tanks, removes suspended particles and some organic matter in the wastewater, and can effectively prevent the main body of the artificial wetland from being blocked.

[0022] 2. The artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater works simultaneously through the artificial wetland bodies arranged in parallel when in use. When the artificial wetland body on one side is blocked, it can be cleaned in time and continue to work through the artificial wetland body on the other side, which will not affect the stability of the system.

[0023] 3. The artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater enhances the filtration and adsorption of organic matter in the wastewater by the filler layer through a multi-layer filler design. The biochar material uses plant straw as raw material, which not only solves the problem of agricultural waste treatment, but also avoids the environmental pollution that may be caused by improper treatment methods such as straw burning. It can achieve effective utilization of resources and reduce the cost of material preparation. Combined with the adsorption effect of kaolin, it can achieve better adsorption effect and improve the treatment effect of the filler layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is the overall structural front view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Sedimentation tank; 11. Filter screen; 12. Sewage outlet; 2. Filter tank; 21. Activated carbon adsorption plate; 3. Constructed wetland body; 31. Wetland bed; 32. Drainage layer; 33. Drainage layer; 34. Sand layer; 35. Plant layer; 36. Water distribution pipe; 4. Online detection device; 5. Hazardous waste leachate wastewater inlet pipe; 6. Circulating water pipe; 7. Electric heating device; 8. Solar charging panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this patent, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected or set, or it can be detachably connected or set, or connected or set in one piece. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this patent can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "several" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0031] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0032] An artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater comprises a main structure arranged below the ground, the inner wall of the main structure is welded with an impermeable membrane, the main structure is provided with a sedimentation tank 1, a filter tank 2, an artificial wetland main body 3 arranged in parallel, and an online detection device 4, one side of the sedimentation tank 1 is connected to a hazardous waste leachate wastewater inlet pipe 5, the other side of the sedimentation tank 1 is connected to the filter tank 2 through a pipeline and a pump, the other side of the filter tank 2 is connected to the artificial wetland main body 3 through a pipeline and a pump, and the outlet of the artificial wetland main body 3 is respectively provided with an online detection device 4, and each pipeline is also provided with a control valve. Hazardous waste leachate wastewater first enters the sedimentation tank 1 through the inlet pipe 5 for sedimentation, the supernatant enters the filter tank 2 through the pump and the pipeline for preliminary filtration, and the filtrate enters the artificial wetland main body 3 through the pump and the pipeline, the sedimentation tank 1 and the filter tank 2 can prevent the artificial wetland main body 3 from being blocked, and the online detection device 4 can monitor the drainage of the outlet in real time to ensure that the effluent meets the standard before discharge. The artificial wetland bodies 3 arranged in parallel work simultaneously during use. When one side of the artificial wetland body 3 is blocked, it can be cleaned in time and continue to work through the artificial wetland body 3 on the other side, which will not affect the stability of the system.

[0033] In this embodiment, a filter screen 11 is provided inside the sedimentation tank 1, and the filter screen 11 is located below the hazardous waste leachate wastewater inlet pipe 5. The filter screen 11 can filter suspended matter and large particles in the hazardous waste leachate wastewater, and other impurities are precipitated at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 1. A sewage cleaning port 12 is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 1, and the sediment at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 1 can be cleaned regularly.

[0034] As a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, an activated carbon adsorption plate 21 is arranged inside the filter pool 2, a water inlet is arranged above the filter pool 2, and a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the filter pool 2. The activated carbon adsorption plate 21 is located below the water inlet of the filter pool 2. A water collection area is formed between the activated carbon adsorption plate 21 and the bottom of the filter pool 2. The activated carbon adsorption plate 21 can preliminarily adsorb organic matter in the hazardous waste leachate wastewater to prevent the artificial wetland body 3 from being blocked.

[0035] In this embodiment, the artificial wetland body 3 includes a wetland bed 31, and the inside of the wetland bed 31 is sequentially provided with a drainage layer 32, a packing layer 33, a sand layer 34, and a plant layer 35 from bottom to top. A radial water distribution pipe 36 is provided above the wetland bed 31, and the middle of the water distribution pipe 36 is connected to the filter tank 2. A water distribution hole is provided at the bottom of the water distribution pipe 36. The filtrate is sprayed evenly on the plant layer 35 through the radial water distribution pipe 36, and the organic matter therein is absorbed and decomposed by plants and microorganisms, and the wastewater is further filtered and adsorbed by the packing layer 33 and enters the drainage layer 32. A drain port is provided at the bottom of the wetland bed 31, and the drain port is connected to the online detection device 4. In addition, a control system is also included, and the control system is electrically connected to the online detection device 4 for communication. The control system analyzes the data detected by the online detection device 4 to ensure that the effluent meets the standards before being discharged.

[0036] Specifically, the packing layer 33 includes a pebble layer, a ceramsite layer, a biochar layer, and a crushed stone layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the filling thickness ratio of the pebble layer, the ceramsite layer, the biochar layer, and the crushed stone layer is 2:1:3:3. The multi-layer packing design enhances the filtration and adsorption of organic matter in the wastewater by the packing layer 33. The preparation of the biochar layer includes the following steps:

[0037] Crush the plant straw;

[0038] The crushed plant straw is dried at a temperature of 80 to 100°C for 1 to 2 hours;

[0039] The dried plant straw is transferred to the carbonization equipment for high-temperature carbonization at a temperature of 400 to 600°C for 2 to 4 hours;

[0040] The biochar obtained after cooling is mixed with kaolin, and the mixing volume ratio of the biochar to the kaolin is 1 to 5:1 to obtain a biochar layer filler.

[0041] Biochar materials use plant straw as raw materials, which not only solves the problem of agricultural waste treatment, but also avoids the environmental pollution caused by improper treatment methods such as straw burning. It can achieve effective resource utilization and reduce the cost of material preparation. The porous structure and rich surface functional groups of biochar materials give them good adsorption. These porous structures provide a large number of adsorption sites, and the surface functional groups can react chemically or physically with organic pollutants in wastewater. Combined with the adsorption of kaolin, better adsorption effect can be achieved, improving the treatment effect of the filler layer.

[0042] In addition, earthworms, insects or other soil animals are introduced into the packing layer, which can eat the blockages and deposited organic particles in the artificial wetland, especially those mixtures composed of organic matter (such as protein, polysaccharide, etc.) and inorganic matter. These organic matter easily "sticks" to inorganic matter in the wetland, forming blockage. Earthworms, insects or other soil animals are also introduced into the packing layer. By eating these mixtures, they can effectively convert them into easily biodegradable substances, thereby alleviating the blockage problem of the artificial wetland.

[0043] In this embodiment, the plant layer 35 includes one or more of canna, water plantain, rush, windmill grass, lily, water celery, loosestrife, yellow calamus, ophiopogon, reed, water sedge, hornwort, and Vallisneria, with a planting density of 16 to 25 plants / m 2 .

[0044] As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, a circulating water pipe 6 is provided between the inner wall of the main structure and the artificial wetland body 3. The circulating water pipe 6 is connected to an electric heating device 7 through a circulating water pump. The electric heating device is electrically connected to a solar battery. A solar charging panel 8 is provided on the top of the main structure. The solar charging panel 8 is electrically connected to the solar battery. The solar energy is converted into electrical energy by the solar charging panel 8 and stored in the solar battery in the electric heating device 7. When the temperature is low in winter, the electric heating device 7 can be operated by the solar battery to heat the water in the circulating water pipe 6, thereby increasing the temperature of the artificial wetland body 3, enhancing the absorption and degradation rate of organic matter in wastewater by plants and microorganisms, and improving the adsorption effect of the filler layer 33, so that the entire artificial wetland system is more stable.

[0045] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater, comprising a main structure arranged below the ground, characterized in that: An impermeable membrane is welded to the inner wall of the main structure, and a sedimentation tank (1), a filter tank (2), an artificial wetland main body (3) arranged in parallel, and an online detection device (4) are arranged inside the main structure; one side of the sedimentation tank (1) is connected to a hazardous waste leachate wastewater inlet pipe (5), the other side of the sedimentation tank (1) is connected to the filter tank (2) through a pipeline and a pump, the other side of the filter tank (2) is connected to the artificial wetland main body (3) through a pipeline and a pump, and the water outlets of the artificial wetland main body (3) are respectively provided with online detection devices (4).

2. The artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen (11) is arranged inside the sedimentation tank (1), and the filter screen (11) is located below the hazardous waste leachate wastewater inlet pipe (5). A sewage cleaning port (12) is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank (1).

3. The artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: An activated carbon adsorption plate (21) is arranged inside the filter pool (2), a water inlet is arranged above the filter pool (2), and a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the filter pool (2), the activated carbon adsorption plate (21) is located below the water inlet of the filter pool (2), and a water collection area is formed between the activated carbon adsorption plate (21) and the bottom of the filter pool (2).

4. The artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The artificial wetland body (3) comprises a wetland bed (31), wherein a drainage layer (32), a filler layer (33), a sand layer (34), and a plant layer (35) are sequentially arranged inside the wetland bed (31) from bottom to top; a radial water distribution pipe (36) is arranged above the wetland bed (31); the middle of the water distribution pipe (36) is connected to the filter tank (2); a water distribution hole is provided at the bottom of the water distribution pipe (36); a drainage outlet is arranged at the bottom of the wetland bed (31); and an online detection device (4) is connected to the drainage outlet.

5. The artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filler layer (33) comprises a pebble layer, a ceramsite layer, a biochar layer, and a crushed stone layer, which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the filling thickness ratio of the pebble layer, the ceramsite layer, the biochar layer, and the crushed stone layer is 2:1:3:

3.

6. The artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation of the biochar layer comprises the following steps: Crush the plant straw; The crushed plant straw is dried at a temperature of 80 to 100°C for 1 to 2 hours; The dried plant straw is transferred to the carbonization equipment for high-temperature carbonization at a temperature of 400 to 600°C for 2 to 4 hours; The biochar obtained after cooling is mixed with kaolin, and the mixing volume ratio of the biochar to the kaolin is 1 to 5:1 to obtain a biochar layer filler.

7. The artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater according to claim 6, characterized in that: Earthworms, insects or other soil animals are introduced into the filler layer.

8. The artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plant layer (35) includes one or more of canna, water plantain, rush, windmill grass, lily, water celery, loosestrife, yellow calamus, ophiopogon, reed, water sedge, hornwort, and Vallisneria, with a planting density of 16 to 25 plants / m 2 .

9. The artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circulating water pipe (6) is arranged between the inner wall of the main structure and the artificial wetland body (3); the circulating water pipe (6) is connected to an electric heating device (7) via a circulating water pump; the electric heating device (7) is electrically connected to a solar battery; a solar charging panel (8) is arranged on the top of the main structure; and the solar charging panel (8) is electrically connected to the solar battery.

10. The artificial wetland for purifying hazardous waste leachate wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control system, which is electrically connected to the online detection device (4) for communication.

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