Pyrolysis method for pyrolyzing energy carrier

Abstract

The invention provides a pyrolysis method for pyrolyzing an energy carrier. The pyrolysis method comprises the following steps: S1, introducing reducing gas and oxygen into a gasification furnace, igniting flame through a combustion nozzle, forming high-temperature flame in the gasification furnace, and adding the energy carrier into the region of the high-temperature flame; or the energy carrier needing to be pyrolyzed, the reducing gas and the oxygen are introduced into the gasification furnace, flames are ignited through a combustion nozzle, a high-temperature flame area is formed in the gasification furnace, and the energy carrier needing to be pyrolyzed is pyrolyzed through the high-temperature flames; s2, the energy carrier is decomposed and converted under burning of high-temperature flames; high-temperature flames are formed by igniting reducing gas and oxygen, the key effect on efficient decomposition and gasification of an energy carrier is achieved, and waste of a large amount of energy resources is avoided; in addition, the temperature of the high-temperature flame is controllable, the reaction efficiency can be improved, energy waste caused by too high temperature or repeated energy consumption caused by insufficient temperature can be avoided through accurate temperature control, and effective utilization of energy is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pyrolysis of energy carriers, and in particular to a pyrolysis method for pyrolyzing energy carriers. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of global warming and the need for humanity to drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions, researchers from various countries have carried out a large amount of scientific research work around the two major themes of green and low-carbon energy transformation and environmental protection and sustainable development. However, there is still much room for improvement in conversion efficiency, return on capital, and large-scale replication and promotion. In addition, with the vigorous development of industries such as wind and solar energy, the electrolysis of water to produce green hydrogen and green oxygen has become cheaper and more efficient. Therefore, more efficient and low-cost technical methods are needed to promote and promote the coordinated development of the entire industrial chain and related industries to achieve efficient use of resources and energy.

[0003] Commonly used energy carriers that can be processed by pyrolysis usually include biomass, coal, domestic waste, etc. As for biomass, the global biomass resources are very rich, especially renewable green resources and energy. The existing biomass gasification technology generally adopts the incomplete combustion reaction of biomass and gasification agent at high temperature, and the heat obtained is used for the energy consumption of its own decomposition process to maintain the temperature of the reaction. Among them, the gasification agent is more selected from air, O2, water vapor, CO2. Because biomass itself contains high oxygen and has low calorific value, it is generally difficult to produce a high-temperature atmosphere in the process of combining these gasification agents and organisms, resulting in the consumption of more biomass resources and gasification agents, and the content of effective gas in the synthetic gas is low, resulting in a large waste of precious biomass resources.

[0004] For example, the application number 201811176256.2 discloses a technical solution for a high-efficiency biomass gasification and energy utilization system and a biomass gasification and energy utilization method. Specifically, the biomass material gasification and energy utilization system and the gasification and energy utilization method are a biomass material gasification and energy utilization system and method consisting of a biomass gasification reaction device, a gasification agent generating device, a fuel gas purification and treatment device, a feeding and locking device, a closed slag discharge device, an oxidant input device, etc. The uniqueness includes that the temperature required for gasification generated by the gasification agent generating device can effectively control the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasification agent according to the biomass material and process requirements; The gasification reaction device is a device for directly contacting and acting the biomass material with the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasifying agent to cause a gasification reaction, providing a spatial structure and reaction conditions for the gasification reaction. According to the needs of gasification and energy utilization, while maintaining the gasification reaction and generating fuel gas, the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasifying agent can be used as a high-temperature thermal energy output to achieve clean and efficient gasification and energy utilization; it has the characteristics of high gasification and energy efficiency, low tar content, and a wide range of material applications; the above scheme can control the oxygen-deficient high-temperature gasifying agent, but there are still disadvantages such as the consumption of more biomass resources and gasifying agents, and the low content of effective gas in the synthetic gas, resulting in a large amount of waste of precious biomass resources.

[0005] The present application intends to solve the above-mentioned technical problems by pyrolyzing the energy carrier through a high-temperature flame. After a detailed search, the applicant has not found any relevant technical content. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a specific solution to the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application provides a pyrolysis method for pyrolyzing an energy carrier, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Reducing gas and oxygen are introduced into the gasifier, and a flame is ignited through a combustion nozzle to form a high-temperature flame in the gasifier, and an energy carrier to be pyrolyzed is added in the area of ​​the high-temperature flame; or an energy carrier to be pyrolyzed is introduced into the gasifier, and reducing gas and oxygen are introduced into the gasifier, and a flame is ignited through a combustion nozzle to form a high-temperature flame area in the gasifier, and the high-temperature flame pyrolyzes the energy carrier to be pyrolyzed;

[0008] S2: The energy carrier is decomposed and transformed under the burning of high-temperature flames to produce gaseous small molecules, ash, and carbon-containing solid products.

[0009] As a preferred solution, it also includes S3: treating the gaseous small molecule substances and / or ash.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the ash comprises inorganic salts, metal oxides, Al2O3 and SiO2.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the molar ratio of reducing gas to oxygen in S1 is 1:1-5:1.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the reducing gas is any one or more of hydrogen, a synthesis gas composed of a mixture of CO and H2, CH4, acetylene, LPG, and methanol gas.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the area of ​​the high temperature flame in S2 is an area where the end of the high temperature flame is 50 mm to 600 mm away from the energy carrier.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the energy carrier in S2 includes at least one of biomass, animal excrement, coal, coal gangue, organic solid waste, waste plastic, waste rubber and domestic waste.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the small molecule gas in S3 is transported to the combustion nozzle and mixed with oxygen to form a high-temperature flame.

[0016] As a preferred solution, before the gaseous small molecule substances are transported to the combustion nozzle, they are first passed through a heat recovery device to recover heat.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the energy carrier that needs to be pyrolyzed is first preheated in a prepyrolysis reactor before entering the gasifier. The gaseous small molecules enter the prepyrolysis reactor to preheat the energy carrier. The small molecules after heat exchange are produced as product gas. The product gas after 5%-80% cooling and purification treatment is transported to the combustion nozzle.

[0018] As a preferred solution, small molecular substances with by-product tar generated during the low-temperature pyrolysis process are transported to a gasifier for high-temperature decomposition.

[0019] As a preferred solution, after cooling and purification, the remaining product gas is transported to the combustion nozzle and then transported to at least one gas-consuming unit including methanol synthesis, aromatics synthesis, methanation, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and fuel boiler.

[0020] As a preferred solution, the treatment of ash in S3 includes: discharging from the gasifier and screening.

[0021] As a preferred solution, the residual carbon and unreacted raw materials are recovered after screening, mixed with the feed raw material energy carrier, and then added to the high temperature flame area.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen and oxygen are obtained by electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen.

[0023] As a preferred solution, inorganic salts, metal oxides, Al2O3 and SiO2 are also processed in S3.

[0024] The present application forms a high-temperature flame by igniting reducing gas and oxygen. The temperature of the core area can reach 1300-1700 degrees Celsius. After heat radiation convection, the surrounding temperature will also be relatively high, which plays a very critical role in the efficient decomposition and gasification of energy and avoids a large amount of waste of precious energy resources. In addition, the temperature of the high-temperature flame is controllable, which can keep the energy pyrolysis reaction rate at an ideal level, thereby improving the reaction efficiency. Precise temperature control can avoid energy waste caused by excessive temperature or repeated energy consumption due to insufficient temperature, thereby achieving effective utilization of energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a flow chart of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a flow chart of Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0027] 1. Gasification furnace; 2. Pre-pyrolysis reactor; 3. Cooling and purification unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is combined with Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail. It should be noted that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1:

[0030] This embodiment provides a pyrolysis method for pyrolyzing an energy carrier, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1: reducing gas and oxygen are introduced into the gasifier at a molar ratio of 1:1-5:1, oxygen is used as an oxidant to provide a pure oxygen environment, a flame is ignited through a combustion nozzle to form a high-temperature flame, and an energy carrier to be pyrolyzed is added to the high-temperature flame area; or an energy carrier to be pyrolyzed is first introduced into the gasifier, reducing gas and oxygen are introduced into the gasifier, a flame is ignited through a combustion nozzle, a high-temperature flame area is formed in the gasifier, and the high-temperature flame pyrolyzes the energy carrier to be pyrolyzed;

[0032] The temperature of the high-temperature flame in this embodiment is easy to control and can reach 800℃-1700℃, and the temperature can be adjusted in a wide range; the operating pressure and operating temperature of the gasifier are appropriately selected according to different raw materials and product requirements; hydrogen is the preferred reducing gas, followed by synthesis gas composed of CO and H2, and CH4, acetylene, LPG, methanol gas, etc. can be selected in other scenarios. One or more gases can be selected; one or more combustion nozzles can be set to adjust the ratio of reducing gas and oxygen according to the carbon content in the pyrolysis energy carrier, and the gas volume of the combustion nozzle can be adjusted according to the temperature of the high-temperature flame required, so that the high-temperature flame temperature can be adjusted between 800℃-1700℃ through the gas volume.

[0033] When hydrogen is used as a reducing gas, water electrolysis using green electricity such as solar energy and wind energy is used to produce hydrogen, and a certain proportion of oxygen is obtained at the same time. The volume ratio of hydrogen and oxygen is 2:1. The obtained hydrogen can be sent to a gasifier, or to a synthesis device or a hydrogen storage device, depending on the specific amount used. The obtained oxygen can be transported to a gasifier and used as an oxidant. Hydrogen and oxygen are produced by electrolysis of water. Compared with electromagnetic heating, plasma, laser, infrared, etc., the comprehensive efficiency of converting electric energy into high-temperature heat is higher. The hydrogen and oxygen obtained by converting green electricity are used as fuel, which is fully coupled with the gasifier, realizing part of the value of energy storage, and providing a new path to avoid unstable green electricity and effectively consume green electricity in remote areas.

[0034] The above-mentioned high-temperature flame area is an area where the end of the high-temperature flame is 50mm-600mm away from the energy carrier to be decomposed; preferably, the energy carrier is added continuously, because oxygen is used as an oxidant to provide a pure oxygen environment, the average temperature of the high-temperature flame area exceeds 1000 degrees Celsius, and the temperature of the core area can reach 1300-1700 degrees Celsius, which plays a very critical role in the efficient decomposition and gasification of the energy carrier; the energy carrier includes at least one of biomass, animal excrement, coal gangue, coal, organic solid waste, waste plastic, waste rubber, and domestic garbage, and the energy carrier is in solid or semi-solid form;

[0035] S2: The energy carrier is rapidly decomposed and transformed under the burning of high-temperature flames. Carbon powder will also be oxidized by high-temperature water vapor to produce a large amount of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, a small amount of carbon dioxide, methane and other gaseous small molecules, ash, and carbon-containing solid products. The carbon-containing solid products are specifically divided into: finished carbon, black carbon-containing residue, and biochar according to the energy carrier of pyrolysis. For example, pyrolysis of biomass produces biochar, pyrolysis of coal produces finished carbon, and pyrolysis of animal excrement, organic solid waste, and domestic garbage produces black carbon-containing residue; the components in the ash include inorganic salts, metal oxides, Al2O3, and SiO2; such as: the composition analysis of the ash of the energy carriers (bituminous coal, tamarisk, rice husks, corn, wheat, and cotton) shown in Table 1:

[0036]

[0037]

[0038] Table 1

[0039] Preferably, this embodiment also includes S3: processing gaseous small molecules and / or ash; specifically: the processing of gaseous small molecules includes heat recovery, washing and dust removal, absorption purification, and multi-stage compression sections. The above-mentioned heat recovery, washing and dust removal, absorption purification, and multi-stage compression sections can be combined arbitrarily or used separately. For example, only heat recovery can be performed, or heat recovery-washing and dust removal, heat recovery-absorption purification, washing and dust removal-multi-stage compression, heat recovery-washing and dust removal-absorption purification, washing and dust removal-absorption purification-multi-stage compression, heat recovery-washing and dust removal-absorption purification-multi-stage compression, washing and dust removal-absorption purification-heat recovery-multi-stage compression and the like can be used in combination. The selection is made according to the specific situation. This application does not make specific limitations. The treated gaseous small molecules are transported to at least one gas-consuming unit in methanol synthesis, aromatics synthesis, methanation, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and fuel boiler, thereby improving energy utilization.

[0040] Preferably, the water collected during the treatment of the above-mentioned gaseous small molecule substances is purified again and returned to the electrolytic water hydrogen production unit to achieve the recycling of water resources, which is particularly important in deserts or water-scarce areas; the treatment of ash and slag includes: discharge from the gasifier and screening; the ash and slag (ash and slag) in the gasifier are discharged from the gasifier smoothly after a certain residence time with the help of stirring and conveying equipment, and are screened again through a screening device; preferably, the small amount of carbon and unreacted raw materials remaining after screening are recovered, mixed with the feed raw material energy carrier, and then added to the high-temperature flame area of ​​the gasifier for pyrolysis;

[0041] More preferably, the generated inorganic salts, metal oxides, Al2O3, and SiO2 can also be processed, and the inorganic salts can be recycled and harmlessly treated, wherein the recycling includes evaporative crystallization and recrystallization, and the harmless treatment includes neutralization reaction, chemical precipitation, and oxidation-reduction; Al2O3 and SiO2 can be recycled and harmlessly treated, wherein the recycling is used for glass manufacturing and preparation of silicon element, and the harmless treatment includes landfill treatment and comprehensive utilization in building materials, for example: SiO2 is mixed with other materials to make building materials, such as concrete admixtures, and an appropriate amount of SiO2 can improve the working performance of concrete, increase strength and durability, etc.; metal oxides are recovered by reduction and electrolysis, and harmlessly treated and disposed of by safe landfill, etc.; the treatment methods of inorganic salts, metal oxides, Al2O3, and SiO2 are all commonly used treatment methods in current technology, and will not be described in detail here.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] In this embodiment, small molecule gaseous substances are utilized, specifically:

[0044] 5%-80% of the small molecules in the gas are transported to the combustion nozzle and mixed with oxygen as a reducing agent to form a high-temperature flame, which further saves resources and improves energy utilization; the other part of the processed small molecules in the gas are used as synthesis gas to produce other chemicals.

[0045] Preferably, in order to reduce the use cost of the equipment and avoid the difficulty in selecting suitable compressors, fans and other equipment before high-temperature gaseous small molecules directly enter the combustion nozzle, heat recovery is first performed before the gaseous small molecules enter the combustion nozzle. Specifically: before the gaseous small molecules are transported to the combustion nozzle, they are first recovered by a heat recovery device. The heat recovery device can be a heat recovery device in the prior art. This application does not make any improvements. In another scheme, before the energy carrier that needs to be pyrolyzed enters the gasifier 1, it is first preheated through a pre-pyrolysis reactor 2 to dry the moisture in the energy carrier and pyrolyze it at low temperature. The gaseous small molecules enter the pre-pyrolysis reactor The reactor 2 preheats the energy carrier, and the small molecular substances (small molecular substances after heat exchange) with by-product tar produced during the low-temperature pyrolysis process are transported to the gasifier 1. Because the small molecular substances contain tar, they need to enter the gasifier 1 to be decomposed into small molecular combustible gas; another part of the small molecular substances after heat exchange are produced as product gas. Preferably, the product gas is treated by the cooling and purification unit 3, and 5%-80% of the product gas after cooling and purification is transported to the combustion nozzle as a reducing agent and mixed with oxygen to form a high-temperature flame, and the remaining part is sent to the synthesis unit (such as methanol synthesis, aromatics synthesis, methanation, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, at least one gas-using unit in the fuel boiler).

[0046] Embodiment three:

[0047] This embodiment provides a specific application scenario:

[0048] S1: Hydrogen and oxygen are obtained through the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The hydrogen and oxygen are introduced into the gasifier at a molar ratio of 2:1. The gasifier in this embodiment adopts a biomass pyrolysis furnace. The flame is ignited by a combustion nozzle to form a high-temperature flame in the biomass pyrolysis furnace. Corn stalk particles are added to the area of ​​the high-temperature flame. In this embodiment, before the corn stalk particles are added to the biomass pyrolysis furnace, they are first passed through the pre-pyrolysis reactor 2 to remove 15% of free water and then sent to the biomass pyrolysis furnace;

[0049] S2: The corn stalk particles are subjected to external thermal decomposition using a high-temperature flame. The corn stalk particles move from top to bottom in the 50mm area below the high-temperature flame in the biomass pyrolysis furnace. The thermal decomposition produces gaseous small molecules, bio-oil, ash (biomass ash) and bio-char. The gasified bio-oil is rapidly gasified and decomposed in an instant, and the bio-char moving downward reacts with high-temperature water vapor to produce CO and H2;

[0050] The gaseous small molecule substances produced by thermal decomposition were analyzed by chromatography. The composition range of the gaseous small molecule substances was: CO, 60%-75%; H2, 20%-35%; CH4, 10%-30%; CO2, 5%-10%; C n H m , 1% - 6%; biochar yield is about 1% - 2%.

[0051] S3: Process the gaseous small molecule substances, the gaseous small molecule substances enter the pre-pyrolysis reactor 2 to preheat the energy carrier, and a part of the small molecule substances after heat exchange is produced as product gas, and the product gas is cooled and purified, and then transported to the combustion nozzle, and mixed with oxygen as a reducing agent to form a high-temperature flame; in addition, part of the small molecule substances after heat exchange are transported to the gasifier, and the tar contained in the small molecule substances is decomposed into small molecular combustible gas, and part of the product gas is cooled and purified, and then transported to at least one gas-using unit among methanol synthesis, aromatics synthesis, methanation, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and fuel boiler to improve the utilization rate of the finished gas.

[0052] The water collected during the treatment of small molecules of gas is purified and returned to the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit to achieve the recycling of water resources.

[0053] The obtained biomass ash is discharged from the middle of the furnace and screened. The small amount of carbon and unreacted raw materials remaining after screening are recovered, mixed with the feed raw material corn straw particles, and then added to the high-temperature flame area for pyrolysis.

[0054] Normally, the biomass charcoal yield after pyrolysis of corn straw particles is around 10%-30%, but this application can reach 1%-2%, and the small molecule gas substances are all combustible gases with a lot of available heat, so the pyrolysis efficiency of this application is high.

[0055] Embodiment 4:

[0056] This embodiment provides another specific application scenario, which is applied to the specific application scenario of producing blue carbon by pyrolysis of low-carbon coal, that is, the energy carrier in this embodiment is coal, specifically:

[0057] S1: Start the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, electrolyze water into hydrogen and oxygen through electrolysis technology, and use the gas flow control system to stably introduce hydrogen and oxygen into the lower part of the gasifier in a ratio of 2:1 by volume. The gasifier in this embodiment adopts a fixed bed pyrolysis furnace, and successfully ignites the flame through the combustion nozzle to form a stable and temperature-controllable high-temperature flame area in the fixed bed pyrolysis furnace. The flame temperature can be maintained between 900°C and 1500°C, providing ideal heat source conditions for subsequent coal pyrolysis;

[0058] Select high-quality coal with a relatively young geological age and high volatile content as raw material, and control the particle size of the coal between 3mm and 25mm. Add the coal to the area of ​​high-temperature flame for operation; This embodiment provides two coal pretreatment methods: First, the coal can be directly added to the fixed bed pyrolysis furnace. This method is simple and fast to operate and is suitable for situations where the requirement for coal moisture content is relatively low; Second, if the coal has a high moisture content, it can be first sent to a dryer, which can remove moisture to about 10% of free water, and then the coal is sent to the fixed bed pyrolysis furnace at a stable rate to ensure the heat transfer efficiency and reaction stability of the coal during the pyrolysis process;

[0059] S2: The coal particles are subjected to external thermal decomposition by means of high-temperature flames. The coal particles move stably from top to bottom at a uniform speed in an area of ​​about 200 mm set above the high-temperature flame in the fixed-bed pyrolysis furnace. In this process, thermal decomposition produces a variety of products including gaseous small molecules, ash, tar, and finished charcoal. Among them, during the upward process of the gasified tar, most of it can be quickly gasified and decomposed, and further converted into useful gaseous small molecules, thanks to the unique temperature field and air flow field design inside the fixed-bed pyrolysis furnace. At the same time, the coal moving downward reacts efficiently with the high-temperature water vapor in a specific reaction area in the furnace. Through the optimized reaction conditions, more CO and H2 are obtained, which significantly improves the yield and quality of the gaseous products. According to the detection of professional chromatographic analysis instruments, the composition of the gaseous small molecules produced by thermal decomposition is stable in the following range: CO, 50%-65%; H2, 22%-30%; CH4, 5%-10%; CO2, 3%-5%; C nH m , 1% - 3%; and the yield of finished charcoal (blue charcoal) can be stably maintained at about 70% - 80%, and the product quality meets high standards;

[0060] S3: Use efficient heat exchange devices (heat recovery devices) to recover heat from small molecules in the gas. The recovered heat can be used to preheat raw coal or other links that require heating to improve energy utilization. Then, multi-stage washing and dust removal equipment, including spray towers, cyclone dust collectors, etc., are used to remove dust impurities in the gas. Then, advanced gas purification technologies, such as pressure swing adsorption and chemical absorption, are used to deeply remove harmful impurities such as sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the gas to achieve the purity standards required for the synthesis reaction. Finally, an efficient compressor is used for the compression and boosting section to convert the gas into The body pressure is increased to 7-8MPa to meet the pressure requirements of subsequent methanol synthesis, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, ethylene glycol synthesis and other reaction units, thereby improving the energy utilization rate; preferably, part of the treated gaseous small molecules is transported to the combustion nozzle and mixed with the oxygen produced by the factory's air separation and water electrolysis hydrogen production devices as a reducing agent to form a high-temperature flame to make up for the shortage of hydrogen and oxygen, or as a method of green electricity peak-shaving and valley-shaving; during the treatment of gaseous small molecules, the collected water will be purified again and returned to the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit to achieve the recycling of water resources.

[0061] Compared with the traditional process, under normal circumstances, after the raw coal of lignite is pyrolyzed in a fixed bed pyrolysis furnace, the lignite yield is only about 60%-70%, the tar yield is about 7%, and the N2 content in the raw coal gas is high, resulting in its low calorific value, and a large amount of phenol-containing wastewater is also produced, which requires complex and costly treatment procedures; however, the present application successfully optimizes the thermodynamic conditions and material conversion pathways of the pyrolysis reaction by innovatively coupling with the electrolysis of water hydrogen production technology; on the one hand, the introduction of hydrogen and oxygen in a specific proportion and the resulting high-temperature flame environment make the coal pyrolysis more sufficient and efficient, so that the lignite output can be stably reached 70%-80%; on the other hand, the small molecular gases produced by pyrolysis are all combustible gases with high calorific values, such as CO, H2, CH4, etc., and their available heat is significantly increased, which not only improves the quality and value of energy products, but also reduces the environmental pressure caused by the emission of low calorific value raw coal gas and the treatment of phenol-containing wastewater in traditional processes, achieving a win-win situation of economic and environmental benefits, and providing a new and highly potential solution for the clean and efficient use of coal.

[0062] The present application forms a high-temperature flame by igniting reducing gas and oxygen, and the temperature of the core area can reach 1300-1700 degrees Celsius, which plays a very critical role in the efficient decomposition and gasification of energy carriers and avoids a large amount of waste of precious energy resources; in addition, the temperature of the high-temperature flame is controllable, which can keep the energy pyrolysis reaction rate at an ideal level, thereby improving the reaction efficiency, and precise temperature control can avoid energy waste caused by excessive temperature, or repeated energy consumption due to insufficient temperature, thereby realizing effective utilization of energy and achieving lightweight, harmless and resourceful results.

[0063] Everything not specifically described above belongs to the prior art, and the present invention will not be described in detail here.

[0064] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; however, the present application is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present application, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0065] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations of this application will not be described separately.

[0066] In addition, the various implementation modes of the present application may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present application, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. A pyrolysis method for pyrolyzing an energy carrier, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: reducing gas and oxygen are introduced into the gasifier (1), a flame is ignited through a combustion nozzle, a high-temperature flame is formed in the gasifier, and an energy carrier to be pyrolyzed is added to the high-temperature flame area; or an energy carrier to be pyrolyzed is introduced into the gasifier (1), reducing gas and oxygen are introduced into the gasifier (1), a flame is ignited through a combustion nozzle, a high-temperature flame area is formed in the gasifier (1), and the high-temperature flame pyrolyzes the energy carrier to be pyrolyzed; S2: The energy carrier is decomposed and transformed under the burning of high-temperature flames to produce gaseous small molecules, ash, and carbon-containing solid products.

2. A pyrolysis method for pyrolysis energy carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes S3: treating gaseous small molecule substances and / or ash.

3. A pyrolysis method for pyrolysis energy carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molar ratio of reducing gas to oxygen in S1 is 1:1-5:

1.

4. A pyrolysis method for pyrolysis energy carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reducing gas is at least one of hydrogen, a synthesis gas composed of a mixture of CO and H2, CH4, acetylene, LPG, and methanol gas.

5. A pyrolysis method for pyrolysis energy carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high temperature flame area described in S1 is an area where the end of the high temperature flame is 50 mm to 600 mm away from the energy carrier.

6. A pyrolysis method for pyrolysis energy carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gaseous small molecule substances are transported to the combustion nozzle and mixed with oxygen to form a high-temperature flame.

7. A pyrolysis method for pyrolysis energy carrier according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before the small molecules of gas are transported to the combustion nozzle, they are first passed through a heat recovery device to recover heat.

8. A pyrolysis method for pyrolysis energy carrier according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before the energy carrier to be pyrolyzed enters the gasifier (1), it is first preheated by the prepyrolysis reactor (2). The gaseous small molecule substances enter the prepyrolysis reactor (2) to preheat the energy carrier. The small molecule substances after heat exchange are extracted as product gas. The product gas after 5%-80% cooling and purification treatment is transported to the combustion nozzle.

9. A pyrolysis method for pyrolysis energy carrier according to claim 8, characterized in that: Small molecular substances with by-product tar generated during the low-temperature pyrolysis process are transported to a gasifier (1) for high-temperature decomposition.

10. A pyrolysis method for pyrolysis energy carrier according to claim 8, characterized in that: After being cooled and purified, part of the product gas is transported to at least one gas-consuming unit among methanol synthesis, aromatics synthesis, methanation, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and fuel boiler.

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