Rock-fill dam panel joint water stopping structure and water stopping method

Abstract

The invention provides a rock-fill dam panel joint water stop structure and a water stop method, the rock-fill dam panel joint water stop structure is used for covering the top of a joint between panels of a reinforced concrete panel rock-fill dam, the water stop structure comprises a non-viscous filler, a fabric, flat steel, bolts, a flexible waterproof layer and a hoop ring, the non-viscous filler is filled in the fabric, and the structure with the fabric as an arch crown and the flat steel as an arch crown is formed. The faceplate joint and the surrounding faceplate are of an arch-bottom arch-shaped water stop structure, and a hoop ring is arranged on the outer surface of the fabric, so that filling of the non-viscous filler is facilitated, it can be guaranteed that after the fabric is filled with the non-viscous filler, falling deformation cannot occur, the active seepage-proofing effect and the passive seepage-proofing effect of the faceplate joint of the rock-fill dam are synchronously achieved, and the seepage-proofing effect of the faceplate joint of the rock-fill dam is improved. The construction period is short, operation is easy, and the service life of finished products is long.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering, and in particular to a water-stopping structure and a water-stopping method for a joint of a reinforced concrete face rockfill dam. Background Art

[0002] Earth-rock dam refers to a water retaining dam built by dumping, rolling and other methods with local soil, stone or mixed materials. When the dam body is mainly made of soil and gravel, it is called an earth dam; when it is mainly made of slag, pebbles and blasted stones, it is called a rockfill dam; when both types of local materials account for a considerable proportion, it is called an earth-rock mixed dam. When the anti-seepage body of the rockfill dam is located on the water-facing side of the rockfill dam, it is called a face rockfill dam. For face rockfill dams, the anti-seepage body is usually reinforced concrete, which is correspondingly called a reinforced concrete face rockfill dam.

[0003] The reinforced concrete face rockfill dam uses the rockfill as the main load-bearing structure to bear the reservoir water pressure, and the reinforced concrete face plate cast from bottom to top on the water-facing surface of the rockfill is used as the anti-seepage structure. Considering factors such as dam settlement and deformation, the reinforced concrete face plate needs to be cast in blocks, so dozens of joints are formed between the face plate blocks, the toe plate connected to the surrounding mountain, and the face plate blocks. If leakage occurs in these joints, the seepage will carry away the small particles in the rockfill, forming a gradually expanding seepage channel, which will eventually affect the stability of the entire dam body. Therefore, face plate joint water stopping is a key link in dam anti-seepage.

[0004] The utility model patent of CN208235435U discloses a waterproof structure, in which a fly ash bag layer is arranged outside the top plastic filler, the fly ash bag is bagged with a degradable geotextile, the fly ash bag layer is wrapped with geotextile, the fly ash bag layer covers the top plastic filler, a support structure is arranged on the toe plate of the panel dam to support the fly ash bag layer, and the fully weathered material is laid on the outside. By arranging a support structure under the top plastic filler of the peripheral seam, laying fly ash bags wrapped with degradable geotextile on the outer surface of the plastic filler, and then wrapping with geotextile, dust can be effectively avoided, the size of fly ash can be reduced, the amount of engineering work can be reduced, and the construction can be fast. When water leakage occurs due to poor construction quality of the water-stopping copper sheet at the bottom of the peripheral seam of the panel dam and the water-stopping of the upper plastic filler, the fly ash can enter the gap of the peripheral seam, block the tiny leakage channel, and form a self-healing anti-seepage structure. In this structure, the fly ash bags are made of "geotextiles", which are water-permeable and "degradable", so the fly ash bags do not have anti-seepage function. The structure is "wrapped with geotextiles". Because geotextiles are water-permeable materials, the structure as a whole does not have direct anti-seepage ability. In other words, the geotextiles and the fly ash wrapped in the geotextiles are always in a water-saturated soaking state. The self-healing anti-seepage principle of this structure is that when the copper water-stopping sheet at the bottom of the seam around the panel dam and the upper plastic filler water-stopping "have already" appeared "leakage water", the fly ash flows into the "gap" of the surrounding seam along with the "leakage water" to block the "micro" "leakage channel". In other words, the above structure will only play a "passive" self-healing anti-seepage role after the leakage damage has occurred and the leakage water has been generated. The above combination of "fly ash", "degradable geotextile bag", "external geotextile", and "external blanketing full weathered material" is a completely permeable body. It is a passive anti-seepage structure like the currently commonly used stainless steel protective cover fly ash structure, and does not have an active anti-seepage function. This structure is completely permeable, resulting in synchronization of internal and external water pressures. Similar to the currently commonly used stainless steel protective cover fly ash structure, when the joints in the high head area are partially damaged to produce a leakage channel, the scouring and destructive effect of the water flow on the leakage channel is equally severe. In addition, the "external geotextile" has poor aging resistance under unprotected conditions, and even if a "support structure is set up at the bottom", it cannot stabilize its shape for a long time, so it must be "externally blanketed with full weathered material", one is to play a protective role, and the other is to play a compacting role. This structure can only be used in a very limited elevation range within the clay blanket area at the bottom of the dam, which is also the main reason why this technology has not been put into practical use.

[0005] The technical solution disclosed in CN 118498293 A is to fill fine mineral particles without sticky components into the mold bag. Since the filling particles will not stick to each other, the fully filled mold bag blanket is always in a flexible and deformable state. The anti-seepage layer on the water-facing surface of the mold bag blanket is also flexible, so that the anti-seepage structure of the non-sticky filler is always in a flexible and deformable state as a whole. When a large depression or crack appears on the dam body, the flexible mold bag blanket will fit tightly to the dam body under the action of water pressure and block the crack, playing a self-healing role. When the dam body deforms too much and the bottom surface of the anti-seepage component is torn, the non-sticky filler leaks out of the mold bag and fills the depression or crack of the dam body, which will achieve secondary self-healing anti-seepage. This structure is suitable for large-scale anti-seepage on flat surfaces, and it is not convenient to process it into a semicircular shape and use it as an anti-seepage structure at the joint. Even if it is barely fixed at the joints and used as an anti-seepage structure, "fine mineral particles are filled into the mold bag", that is, the fine mineral particles are not in direct contact with the concrete panel. When the joint is damaged, the fine mineral particles will not be involved in the defect repair at the first time. Instead, when the dam body deforms too much and the bottom surface of the anti-seepage component is torn, the non-viscous filler will leak out of the mold bag and fill in the depressions or cracks of the dam body. It is common for the dam body to have small leakage defects, but it is uncommon for such extreme deformation that can tear the mold bag to occur. Therefore, the above structure is not suitable for use as a joint water-stopping structure. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on the above situation, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a water-stopping structure and a water-stopping method for the joints of reinforced concrete panel rockfill dam panels, so as to solve the problems existing in the existing non-viscous filler water-stopping structure, such as great construction difficulty, short service life, and weak anti-seepage ability.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A rockfill dam panel joint water-stopping structure is used to cover the top of the joint between panels of a reinforced concrete panel rockfill dam. The water-stopping structure comprises a non-viscous filler, a fabric, a flat steel, a bolt, a flexible waterproof layer and a hoop. The non-viscous filler is filled inside the fabric to form an arched water-stopping structure with the fabric as the arch top and the panel joint and the surrounding panels as the arch bottom. The flexible waterproof layer is outside the fabric. The outer surface of the fabric has a drawstring ring. In the transverse direction of the fabric, the hoop passes through the drawstring ring from one end of the fabric along the outer surface of the fabric to the other end of the fabric. The flat steel is arranged on both sides of the fabric along the longitudinal direction. The flat steel, the hoop and the fabric are fixed by the bolts.

[0009] Preferably, bolt holes are provided at both ends of the hoop, and the flat steel is evenly distributed with bolt holes.

[0010] Preferably, the fabric is lined with anti-filtration geotextile.

[0011] Preferably, both ends of the fabric in the longitudinal direction are pressed against the panel.

[0012] Preferably, in the longitudinal direction of the fabric, the draw rope rings are provided in a plurality of groups, each group of the draw rope rings is provided with a plurality of draw rope rings, and the distance between two adjacent groups of the draw rope rings is equal to the distance between adjacent bolt holes uniformly distributed on the flat steel.

[0013] The present invention also proposes a rockfill dam panel joint water-stopping method, which is used for water-stopping the joints between panels of a reinforced concrete panel rockfill dam. The method comprises the following steps:

[0014] 01: According to the width and length of the seam, a fabric with corresponding width and length is prefabricated, and the outer surface of the fabric has a drawstring ring;

[0015] 02: Cover the fabric on the seam, and in the transverse direction of the fabric, pass the hoop from one end of the fabric along the outer surface of the fabric through the drawstring ring to the other end of the fabric, arrange the flat steel on both sides of the fabric in the longitudinal direction, and fix the flat steel, the hoop and the fabric by bolts;

[0016] 03: Press one end of the fabric in the longitudinal direction against the panel;

[0017] 04: Pump the non-viscous filler from the other end of the fabric in the longitudinal direction and fill the interior of the fabric, so that the swollen fabric fits tightly with the hoop outside it. After the pumping is completed, press the pumping end of the fabric against the panel to form an arched water-stopping structure with the fabric as the arch top and the panel joint and the surrounding panels as the arch bottom;

[0018] 05: Apply a flexible waterproof layer on the fabric and surrounding panels.

[0019] Preferably, in step 02, bolt holes are provided at both ends of the hoop, and the flat steel is evenly distributed with bolt holes.

[0020] Preferably, in step 01, the prefabricated fabric is lined with anti-filtration geotextile.

[0021] Preferably, step 05 includes: blowing off dust on the surface of the fabric and the concrete panel, spraying a two-component polyurea or polyurethane coating with a spraying thickness of 2 mm to 6 mm and a spraying width covering the fabric, the flat steel, and the concrete panel surface of 2 cm to 30 cm outside the flat steel, while covering the hoop and the rope ring, and forming a flexible waterproof layer after the sprayed material is cured.

[0022] Preferably, in step 01, the draw rope rings arranged on the fabric are provided with a plurality of groups, each group of the draw rope rings is provided with a plurality of draw rope rings, and the distance between two adjacent groups of the draw rope rings is equal to the distance between adjacent bolt holes uniformly distributed on the flat steel.

[0023] The water-stopping structure and water-stopping method of the present invention, except for the flexible waterproof layer, adopts most of the structures as prefabricated parts, with low difficulty in on-site construction, short construction period and long service life. The hoop passes through the drawstring ring from one end of the fabric along the outer surface of the fabric and surrounds the other end of the fabric, so that the hoop becomes the outer skeleton of the fabric, which is not only conducive to the subsequent filling of non-viscous fillers, but also ensures that the fabric will not fall and deform after being filled with non-viscous fillers. The flat steel, hoop and fabric are fixed together, and the existing structural component bolts can be effectively used to achieve more reliable fixation of the hoop.

[0024] Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be explained in the specific implementation manner through the introduction of specific technical features and technical solutions. Through the introduction of these technical features and technical solutions, those skilled in the art should be able to understand the beneficial technical effects brought about by the technical features and technical solutions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The following will describe the preferred embodiments of the water-stopping structure and water-stopping method for the joint of the reinforced concrete face rockfill dam according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a water-stop structure according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 1-1 is a cross-sectional view of a water-stop structure according to the present invention;

[0028] Among them, the figure markings are: 1 non-viscous filler, 2 fabric, 3 flat steel, 4 bolts, 5 flexible waterproof layer, 6 hoop, 7 rope ring, 8 anti-filter geotextile, 9 concrete panel, 10 joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is described below based on embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In the following detailed description of the present invention, some specific details are described in detail. In order to avoid confusing the essence of the present invention, known methods, processes, procedures, and components are not described in detail.

[0030] In addition, persons of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings provided herein are for illustration purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0031] Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the words "include", "comprising" and similar words should be interpreted in an inclusive sense rather than an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, in the sense of "including but not limited to".

[0032] It should be noted that the step numbers 01, 02, 03, 04, and 05 used in the present invention to refer to certain specific method steps are only for the purpose of convenience and brevity of description, and are by no means intended to limit the order of these method steps. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the order of the relevant method steps should be determined by the technology itself and should not be inappropriately limited by the existence of the step numbers. Those skilled in the art can determine various permissible and reasonable step orders based on the technology itself.

[0033] Now combined with the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 , the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0034] The water-stop structure comprises a non-viscous filler 1, a fabric 2, a flat steel 3, a bolt 4, a flexible waterproof layer 5 and a hoop 6. The non-viscous filler 1 is filled inside the fabric 2 to form an arched water-stop structure with the fabric 2 as the arch top, the panel joint 10 and the surrounding panels 9 as the arch bottom, the flexible waterproof layer 5 is coated on the outside of the fabric 2, the outer surface of the fabric 2 has a drawstring ring 7, the hoop 6 passes through the drawstring ring 7 from one end of the fabric in the transverse direction along the outer surface of the fabric 2 to the other end of the fabric 2, the flat steel 3 is arranged on both sides of the fabric 2 in the longitudinal direction, and the flat steel 3, the hoop 6 and the fabric 2 are fixed by bolts 4. The bolts are expansion bolts.

[0035] The non-viscous filler 1 is fine mineral particles without any viscous component. The flat steel 3 has holes with a spacing of 5 cm to 50 cm for mounting bolts 4 .

[0036] The flexible waterproof layer 5 is a film-forming material that is cured on site.

[0037] The fabric 2 is lined with an anti-filtration geotextile 8 .

[0038] The two ends of the hoop 6 are pressed under the flat steel 3. The two ends of the hoop 6 pressed under the flat steel 3 have holes, and the bolts 4 pass through the holes of the flat steel 3 and the holes of the hoop 6 to fix the flat steel 3, the hoop 6 and the fabric 2 together.

[0039] The pull rope ring 7 and the holes of the hoop rings 6 on both sides and the holes of the flat steel 3 are on the same cross section.

[0040] Both ends of the fabric 2 in the longitudinal direction of the seam 10 are pressed against the panel 9. The pressing method can be similar to the pressing method at both ends in the transverse direction, and the fabric 2 is pressed with a pressing hoop, and the flat steel 3, the pressing hoop and the fabric are pressed against the surface of the panel 9 by bolts 4.

[0041] The rope pull rings 7 are provided in multiple groups according to the length of the fabric 2 , and each group of rope pull rings 7 can be provided with multiple rope pull rings 7 at equal intervals, for example, 5 to 15 rope pull rings. The distance between two adjacent groups of rope pull rings 7 is set according to the distance between adjacent bolt holes evenly distributed on the flat steel 3 .

[0042] The flat steel 3 is a stainless steel sheet with a thickness of 4 mm to 7 mm and a width of 40 mm to 70 mm, and a punching interval of 15 cm to 40 cm. The bolts 4 are usually M10 stainless steel expansion bolts.

[0043] The on-site construction method is as follows:

[0044] First, according to the width and length of the target panel joint 10, prefabricate the fabric 2 with the corresponding width and length. The length of the fabric 2 should be longer than the length of the joint 10 by a certain size to reserve the on-site fixed installation size. The width of the fabric 2 should ensure that the arched water-stop structure formed after filling the non-viscous filler 1 can completely cover the width of the target joint 10 and retain the on-site fixed installation size. The drawstring ring 7 is sewn or directly woven into the outer surface of the fabric 2; the drawstring ring 7 is provided in multiple groups according to the length of the fabric 2, and each group of drawstring rings 7 is provided with 5 to 15 drawstring rings 7 at equal intervals. The distance between two adjacent groups of the drawstring rings 7 is set according to the distance between adjacent bolt holes evenly distributed on the flat steel 3. Alternatively, the distance between two adjacent groups of the drawstring rings 7 is first set, and then the bolt holes evenly distributed on the flat steel 3 are processed according to the distance.

[0045] Transport the fabric 2, flat steel 3, bolts 4 and hoop 6 to the construction site, cover the fabric 2 on the target joint 10, pass each hoop 6 from one end of the fabric 2 along the outer surface of the fabric 2 through a group of drawstring rings 7 to the other end of the fabric 2, press the flat steel 3 onto the hoop 6 along the longitudinal direction, align the bolt holes on the flat steel 3 and the hoop 6, position them through the bolt holes, drill holes on the panel 9, fix the flat steel 3, the hoop 6 and the fabric 2 to the panel surface through the expansion bolts 4, and at this time, the expansion bolts are fastened in the drilled holes in the panel.

[0046] Press one end of the fabric 2 in the longitudinal direction against the panel 9, press the fabric 2 with a pressing strip, press the flat steel 3, the pressing strip and the fabric 2 against the surface of the panel 9 by means of bolts 4, which may be expansion bolts that can be fastened in the drilled holes in the panel.

[0047] The non-viscous filler 1 is pulled to the construction site by a special tanker. The non-viscous filler 1 is preferably fly ash, a solid waste material of a thermal power plant.

[0048] Pump the non-viscous filler 1 to fill the interior of the fabric 2, so that the swollen fabric 2 fits tightly with the hoop 6 outside it to form an arched water-stop structure, then stop pumping, use the compression strip to tighten the open end of the fabric 2, and use the bolt 4 to press the flat steel 3, the compression strip and the fabric 2 to the surface of the panel 9. The bolt 4 can be an expansion bolt that can be fastened in the drilled hole in the panel.

[0049] Blow away the dust of the non-sticky filler 1 on the surface of the fabric 2 and the concrete panel 9, spray a two-component polyurea or polyurethane coating with a spraying thickness of 2mm to 6mm and a spraying width covering the fabric 2, the flat steel 3, and the surface of the concrete panel 9 of 2cm to 30cm outside the flat steel 3, while covering the hoop 6 and the rope ring 7. After the sprayed material is cured, a flexible waterproof layer 5 is formed.

[0050] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, without conflict, the above-mentioned preferred solutions can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0051] It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Without departing from the basic principles of the present invention, various obvious or equivalent modifications or substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art to the above-mentioned details will all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rockfill dam panel joint water-stopping structure, used for covering the top of the joint (10) between the panels (9) of a reinforced concrete panel rockfill dam, characterized in that: The waterproof structure comprises a non-adhesive filler (1), a fabric (2), a flat steel (3), a bolt (4), a flexible waterproof layer (5) and a hoop (6). The non-adhesive filler (1) is filled inside the fabric (2) to form an arched waterproof structure with the fabric (2) as the arch top and the panel joint (10) and the surrounding panels (9) as the arch bottom. The flexible waterproof layer (5) is outside the fabric (2). The outer surface of the fabric (2) has a drawstring ring (7). In the transverse direction of the fabric (2), the hoop (6) passes through the drawstring ring (7) from one end of the fabric (2) along the outer surface of the fabric (2) and surrounds the other end of the fabric (2). The flat steel (3) is arranged on both sides of the fabric (2) along the longitudinal direction. The flat steel (3), the hoop (6) and the fabric (2) are fixed by the bolts (4).

2. The water stop structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bolt holes are provided at both ends of the hoop (6), and the flat steel (3) is evenly distributed with bolt holes.

3. The water stop structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fabric (2) is lined with a reverse-filter geotextile (8).

4. The water stopping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the fabric (2) in the longitudinal direction are pressed tightly against the panel (9).

5. The water stopping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In the longitudinal direction of the fabric (2), the draw rope rings (7) are provided in a plurality of groups, each group of the draw rope rings (7) is provided with a plurality of draw rope rings, and the distance between two adjacent groups of the draw rope rings (7) is equal to the distance between adjacent bolt holes evenly distributed on the flat steel (3).

6. A method for waterproofing a joint of a rockfill dam panel, used for waterproofing a joint (10) between panels (9) of a reinforced concrete panel rockfill dam, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: 01: According to the width and length of the seam (10), a fabric (2) having a corresponding width and length is prefabricated, and the outer surface of the fabric (2) has a drawstring ring (7); 02: Cover the fabric on the seam (10), in the transverse direction of the fabric (2), pass the hoop (6) from one end of the fabric (2) along the outer surface of the fabric (2) through the drawstring ring (7) and wrap around to the other end of the fabric (2), arrange the flat steel (3) on both sides of the fabric (2) in the longitudinal direction, and fix the flat steel (3), the hoop (6) and the fabric (2) by bolts (4); 03: Pressing one end of the fabric (2) in the longitudinal direction against the panel (9); 04: Pump the non-viscous filler (1) from the other end of the fabric (2) in the longitudinal direction and fill the interior of the fabric (2) so that the swollen fabric (2) is tightly fitted with the hoop (6) outside it. After the pumping is completed, press the pumping end of the fabric (2) against the panel (9) to form an arched waterproof structure with the fabric (2) as the arch top and the panel seam (10) and the surrounding panel (9) as the arch bottom; 05: Apply a flexible waterproof layer (5) on the fabric (2) and the surrounding panel (9).

7. The water stopping method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 02, bolt holes are provided at both ends of the hoop (6), and the flat steel (3) is evenly distributed with bolt holes.

8. The water stopping method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 01, the prefabricated fabric (2) is lined with a filter geotextile (8).

9. The water stopping method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step 05 comprises: blowing off the dust on the surface of the fabric (2) and the concrete panel (9), spraying a two-component polyurea or polyurethane coating, the spraying thickness is 2 mm to 6 mm, the spraying width is to cover the fabric (2), the flat steel (3), and the surface of the concrete panel (9) 2 cm to 30 cm outside the flat steel (3), and at the same time cover the hoop (6) and the rope ring (7), and the sprayed material forms a flexible waterproof layer (5) after solidification.

10. The water stopping method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: In step 01, the draw rope rings (7) are provided in a plurality of groups in the longitudinal direction of the fabric (2), each group of the draw rope rings (7) is provided with a plurality of draw rope rings, and the distance between two adjacent groups of the draw rope rings (7) is equal to the distance between adjacent bolt holes evenly distributed on the flat steel (3).

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