Composite thick laminated rubber shock insulation support with self-adaptive damping, shock insulation method of composite thick laminated rubber shock insulation support and intelligent fluid preparation method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of shock insulation supports, and particularly relates to a composite thick laminated rubber shock insulation support with self-adaptive damping, a shock insulation method of the composite thick laminated rubber shock insulation support and an intelligent fluid preparation method. According to the technical scheme, the composite thick laminated rubber shock insulation support with the self-adaptive damping function comprises an upper connecting steel plate and a lower connecting steel plate, a steel plate layer, a rubber layer, a pressure sensing layer and a sensor network layer are arranged between the upper connecting steel plate and the lower connecting steel plate, and a plurality of fluid cavities communicated through pipelines are formed in the rubber layer; the pressure sensing layer is provided with an electromagnetic coil, a piezoelectric driving unit and a valve body, the valve body is connected with the fluid cavity through a guide pipe, the electromagnetic coil is arranged on the valve body in a sleeving mode, and the electromagnetic coil and the valve body are electrically connected with the piezoelectric driving unit. The invention provides a composite thick laminated rubber shock insulation support with self-adaptive damping, a shock insulation method of the composite thick laminated rubber shock insulation support and an intelligent fluid preparation method, and the composite thick laminated rubber shock insulation support has intelligent sensing and self-adaptive adjusting functions and can keep long-term stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seismic isolation bearings, and in particular relates to a composite thick-laminated rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping, a seismic isolation method thereof, and a smart fluid preparation method. Background Art

[0002] The existing similar technical patent achievements mainly include:

[0003] 1) The main innovations of CN117966901B patent: separation of upper and lower support plates through air spring system; automatic adjustment of support height through air pressure control system; automatic reset function.

[0004] 2) The main innovations of patent CN211923084U are: arranging lead rubber isolation bearings in the outer area of ​​the isolation layer; arranging laminated rubber bearings in the inner area; arranging velocity dampers in two orthogonal directions; and reducing the torsional effect through the rational arrangement and optimization of the combination of different types of bearings.

[0005] 3) The main innovations of the CN218323290U patent: a composite shock absorption system combining springs and dampers; a spring preload adjustment mechanism; and horizontal displacement through sliders and guide rails.

[0006] Traditional seismic isolation bearings generally have fixed damping characteristics and lack dynamic adjustment capabilities, and are unable to optimize their seismic isolation performance in real time according to the input characteristics of earthquakes of different intensities. At the same time, they exhibit significant nonlinear characteristics when subjected to large displacements, making it difficult to maintain the stability of the seismic isolation effect of the bearings. In addition, due to the inherent characteristics of rubber materials, bearings will experience aging problems such as performance degradation and changes in damping characteristics during long-term use, affecting their service life and reliability. When faced with different levels of seismic excitation, existing bearings are difficult to achieve the optimal seismic isolation effect and cannot meet the differentiated protection needs of buildings under various earthquake levels. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite thick-layered rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping, a seismic isolation method thereof, and an intelligent fluid preparation method, which have intelligent sensing and adaptive adjustment functions and can maintain long-term stable performance.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] A composite thick laminated rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping, comprising an upper connecting steel plate and a lower connecting steel plate, a steel plate layer, a rubber layer, a pressure sensing layer and a sensor network layer are arranged between the upper connecting steel plate and the lower connecting steel plate, and a plurality of fluid cavities connected by pipelines are arranged in the rubber layer;

[0010] The fluid cavity is filled with a smart fluid, and the formula of the smart fluid includes a basic carrier, magnetic particles, a dispersant system and a stabilizer;

[0011] The pressure sensing layer is provided with an electromagnetic coil, a piezoelectric drive unit and a valve body, the valve body is connected to the fluid cavity through a conduit, the electromagnetic coil is sleeved on the valve body, and the electromagnetic coil and the valve body are electrically connected to the piezoelectric drive unit respectively;

[0012] The sensor network layer includes a force sensor, a displacement sensor, a temperature sensor for monitoring the external load borne by the support, a pressure sensor and an acceleration sensor for monitoring the internal pressure of the intelligent fluid system;

[0013] It also includes a control system, and the piezoelectric drive unit, the force sensor, the displacement sensor, the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the acceleration sensor are all electrically connected to the control system.

[0014] When an earthquake occurs, the system achieves full-process adaptive adjustment through a complete set of intelligent perception and control mechanisms. In the initial stage, the acceleration sensors placed at key positions of the bearings can quickly capture the arrival of earthquake waves, while the displacement sensors and force sensor networks immediately start high-frequency sampling mode to obtain the deformation state of the bearings and the dynamic load information in real time. The control system immediately switches to the emergency response state and begins to execute the preset rapid response strategy when it detects an abnormal signal.

[0015] After entering the adaptive adjustment stage, the core controller of the system runs a specially developed optimization algorithm based on multi-dimensional data collected in real time, and calculates the optimal damping parameters in the current state within milliseconds. Subsequently, the control signal is synchronously transmitted to the piezoelectric-driven high-precision valve system and electromagnetic coil array. The piezoelectric valve can be accurately adjusted to the target opening within 50 milliseconds. At the same time, the controllable magnetic field strength generated by the electromagnetic coil can be quickly adjusted within the range of 0-400kA / m, directly acting on the magnetorheological fluid, causing its viscosity characteristics to change accordingly. This synergistic effect enables the intelligent fluid flowing through the support cavity to produce a precisely controllable damping force, thereby achieving dynamic optimization of the overall stiffness and damping characteristics of the support.

[0016] During the earthquake, the system enters a continuous optimization mode. The controller continuously updates and optimizes the control strategy by analyzing the mechanical response characteristics of the bearings, displacement trajectories, and the overall shock absorption effect of the structure in real time. The system uses advanced adaptive algorithms to dynamically adjust control parameters according to the changing characteristics of seismic waves, minimizing the impact of earthquakes while ensuring structural safety. This intelligent continuous optimization mechanism ensures that the bearings always maintain the best shock absorption performance throughout the earthquake process, providing reliable seismic isolation protection for the upper structure.

[0017] The key to this dynamic response mechanism lies in its highly integrated sensing-control-actuation system and the intelligent control algorithm developed based on a large amount of test data. The system can show excellent adaptability and reliability under earthquakes of different intensities, achieving an intelligent shock absorption effect that traditional passive seismic isolation bearings cannot achieve. Through precise multi-parameter coordinated control, the system can continuously adjust the damping ratio of the bearing within the range of 5%-25%, meeting the differentiated requirements for seismic isolation performance under different operating conditions.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fluid cavity includes a main cavity, an inner lining anti-corrosion layer is arranged in the main cavity, a fluid containing structure is arranged in the inner lining anti-corrosion layer, an intelligent fluid fills the fluid containing structure, adjacent main cavities are connected by flow pipes, and the main cavity is provided with a sealing system.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the main cavity is carbon fiber composite material, the lining anti-corrosion layer is nano-alumina + graphene composite coating, the fluid containing structure adopts nanoporous material to construct the microstructure, the material of the fluid containing structure is graphene oxide aerogel, the connecting pipe uses graphene reinforced composite material, and the sealing system includes a fluororubber O-ring as the main seal and a polytetrafluoroethylene dust ring as the secondary seal.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the smart fluid comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0021] Basic carrier: low volatility silicone oil;

[0022] Magnetic particles: 70-75 parts of spherical carbonyl iron powder;

[0023] Dispersant system: main component: oleic acid 23 parts, synergist: sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 0.51 parts;

[0024] Stabilizer: Main component: 12 parts of hydrophobic nano-silica, auxiliary component: 0.3-0.5 parts of organic montmorillonite.

[0025] A method for preparing an intelligent fluid for a composite thick-layered rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1: magnetic particle pretreatment; basic carrier pretreatment; stabilizer pretreatment;

[0027] S2: Basic dispersion: carrier preparation, dispersant addition, stabilizer addition;

[0028] S3: Magnetic particle dispersion: Magnetic particles are added and high energy dispersion is performed.

[0029] S4: Vacuum treatment: vacuum degassing, ultrasonic treatment.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1:

[0031] S11: Magnetic particle pretreatment:

[0032] Pretreatment of spherical carbonyl iron powder: vacuum drying: 80±5℃, 24h; sieving: 400 mesh standard sieve; magnetic detection: saturation magnetization intensity ≥200emu / g;

[0033] Surfactant pretreatment: Oleic acid heating: 60±2℃ insulation; Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate preparation: 5% aqueous solution;

[0034] S12: Carrier silicone oil pretreatment:

[0035] Vacuum degassing: -0.095Mpa, 2h; Filtration: 5μm precision filtration; Viscosity test: ensure 100-500MPa·s;

[0036] S13: Stabilizer pretreatment:

[0037] Nano-silica activation: 120℃, 4h; organic montmorillonite modification: quaternary ammonium salt treatment.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2:

[0039] S21: Carrier preparation:

[0040] Add pre-treated silicone oil to the reactor; temperature control: 45±2℃; stirring speed: 300rpm;

[0041] S22: Dispersant addition:

[0042] Slowly add oleic acid: 2-3% by mass, stir evenly: 15 minutes; add sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate: 0.5-1% by mass, continue stirring: 10 minutes;

[0043] S23: Stabilizer addition:

[0044] Add modified silicon dioxide: 12% by mass; add modified montmorillonite: 0.3-0.5% by mass; high-speed shear dispersion: 8000 rpm, 30 min.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3:

[0046] S31: Magnetic particles added:

[0047] Add pretreated iron powder in batches; interval between each batch: 5min; total addition amount: 70-75% mass fraction; temperature control: 50±2℃;

[0048] S32: High Energy Dispersion Processing:

[0049] High-speed shearing: 12000rpm; time: 2h; intermittent operation: stop for 2min every 30min; cooling control: maintain 50±2℃.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4:

[0051] S41: Vacuum degassing:

[0052] Pressure: -0.098Mpa; Temperature: 60°C; Time: 1h; Intermittent stirring: 100rpm;

[0053] S42: Ultrasonication:

[0054] Power density: 300W / L; time: 30min; intermittent mode: work for 30s, stop for 5s.

[0055] A seismic isolation method for a composite thick-laminated rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping, comprising the following steps:

[0056] T1: Static working state: the smart fluid is in the basic viscosity state, the valve maintains the preset opening, and the sensor continuously monitors the basic data;

[0057] T2: Dynamic response process:

[0058] T21: Initial earthquake triggering stage: the acceleration sensor detects the seismic wave, the displacement sensor monitors the support deformation in real time, the force sensor monitors the dynamic load change, and the control system starts the emergency response mode;

[0059] T22: Adaptive adjustment stage: The control system calculates the optimal damping piezoelectric valve based on monitoring data to adjust the opening in real time; the electromagnetic coil generates a magnetic field to control the fluid viscosity; the intelligent fluid flow generates a controllable damping force; the support stiffness and damping are dynamically adjusted

[0060] T23: Continuous optimization stage: real-time evaluation of shock absorption effect; dynamic optimization of control parameters; continuous adaptive adjustment of the system to ensure optimal shock absorption performance.

[0061] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0062] The acceleration sensor of the present invention detects seismic waves, the displacement sensor monitors the deformation of the support in real time, the force sensor monitors the dynamic load change, and the control system starts the emergency response mode. The control system calculates the optimal damping piezoelectric valve based on the monitoring data to adjust the opening in real time, and the electromagnetic coil generates a magnetic field to control the fluid viscosity. When the intelligent fluid flows, a controllable damping force is generated, and the stiffness and damping of the support are dynamically adjusted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the seismic isolation support of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the seismic isolation method of the present invention.

[0065] In the figure: 1-upper connecting steel plate; 2-lower connecting steel plate; 3-steel plate layer; 4-rubber layer; 5-pressure sensing layer; 6-sensor network layer; 7-fluid cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0067] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, the composite thick laminated rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping of this embodiment includes an upper connecting steel plate 1 and a lower connecting steel plate 2, a steel plate layer 3, a rubber layer 4, a pressure sensing layer 5 and a sensor network layer 6 are arranged between the upper connecting steel plate 1 and the lower connecting steel plate 2, and a plurality of fluid cavities 7 connected by pipelines are arranged in the rubber layer 4;

[0069] The fluid cavity 7 is filled with a smart fluid, the formula of the smart fluid includes a basic carrier, magnetic particles, a dispersant system and a stabilizer;

[0070] The pressure sensing layer 5 is provided with an electromagnetic coil, a piezoelectric drive unit and a valve body, the valve body is connected to the fluid cavity 7 through a conduit, the electromagnetic coil is sleeved on the valve body, and the electromagnetic coil and the valve body are electrically connected to the piezoelectric drive unit respectively;

[0071] The sensor network layer 6 includes a force sensor, a displacement sensor, a temperature sensor for monitoring the external load borne by the support, a pressure sensor and an acceleration sensor for monitoring the internal pressure of the intelligent fluid system;

[0072] It also includes a control system, and the piezoelectric drive unit, the force sensor, the displacement sensor, the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the acceleration sensor are all electrically connected to the control system.

[0073] The fluid cavity 7 is arranged between the steel plate layer 3 and the rubber layer 4, the pressure sensing layer 5 is located below the rubber layer 4, and the sensor network layer 6 is arranged below the bottom rubber layer 4. The fluid cavities 7 are interconnected through connecting pipes to form a closed-loop system. The pressure sensing layer 5 is connected to the fluid cavity 7 through a vertical conduit to achieve pressure monitoring and control. The sensor network layer 6 forms a feedback loop with the pressure sensing layer 5 and the fluid system to achieve real-time monitoring and control.

[0074] The connection and control relationship between the electromagnetic coil, piezoelectric drive unit, and valve body: The electromagnetic coil is surrounded by the outside of the valve body and is used to generate a controllable magnetic field (0-400kA / m); the piezoelectric drive unit is directly connected to the valve body to control the valve opening (0-100% continuously adjustable). Control process: The piezoelectric drive unit receives the control signal and accurately controls the valve opening; the electromagnetic coil synchronously adjusts the magnetic field strength; the valve body coordinates to adjust the fluid flow state according to the opening and magnetic field strength.

[0075] The role of the temperature sensor: monitor the working temperature of the smart fluid and ensure that the system operates within the appropriate temperature range.

[0076] The difference between pressure sensor and force sensor: Pressure sensor: monitors the internal pressure of the fluid system (0-15MPa); force sensor: monitors the external load borne by the support (0-2000kN).

[0077] The functions of adjusting the opening of the piezoelectric valve are: controlling the fluid flow rate and affecting the energy dissipation efficiency; adjusting the amount of fluid exchange between chambers and affecting the overall stiffness characteristics; and working in conjunction with the magnetic field strength to achieve more precise damping adjustment.

[0078] The present invention achieves the adjustment of equivalent damping ratio within the range of 5%-25% through the coordinated control of valve opening and magnetic field strength, ensuring the optimal shock absorption effect of the system under different earthquake levels. The valve opening adjusts the fluid flow, while the magnetic field strength adjusts the fluid viscosity. The two cooperate with each other to form a complete control system. This dual adjustment mechanism can provide more precise and flexible performance control.

[0079] 1. Overall structure:

[0080] 1. Basic component layer:

[0081] Upper connecting steel plate 1: Q345 steel, thickness 4060mm;

[0082] Lower connecting steel plate 2: Q345 steel, thickness 5070mm;

[0083] Rubber layer 4: natural rubber, Shore A hardness 60±5;

[0084] Steel plate layer 3: Q235 steel plate, thickness 35mm;

[0085] Overall dimensions: diameter 6001200mm, height 250400mm.

[0086] 2. Intelligent fluid system:

[0087] 2.1 Fluid formula design:

[0088] Basic carrier: low volatility silicone oil (viscosity 100500mPa·s);

[0089] Magnetic particles: spherical carbonyl iron powder: particle size range: 35μm, saturation magnetization: ≥200emu / g, mass fraction: 70-75%;

[0090] Dispersant system: main component: oleic acid (mass fraction 23%), synergist: sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (mass fraction 0.51%);

[0091] Stabilizer: Main component: hydrophobic nano-silica (mass fraction 12%), auxiliary component: organic montmorillonite (mass fraction 0.3-0.5%).

[0092] 2.2 Intelligent fluid preparation process:

[0093] S1: Raw material pretreatment:

[0094] S11: Magnetic particle pretreatment:

[0095] 1) Pretreatment of spherical carbonyl iron powder:

[0096] Vacuum drying: 80±5℃, 24h;

[0097] Screening: 400 mesh standard screen;

[0098] Magnetic detection: saturation magnetization intensity ≥ 200emu / g.

[0099] 2) Surfactant pretreatment:

[0100] Oleic acid heating: keep warm at 60±2℃;

[0101] Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate preparation: 5% aqueous solution.

[0102] S12: Carrier silicone oil pretreatment:

[0103] Vacuum degassing: -0.095MPa, 2h;

[0104] Filtration: 5μm precision filtration;

[0105] Viscosity test: ensure 100-500mPa·s.

[0106] S13: Stabilizer pretreatment:

[0107] Nano-silica activation: 120°C, 4h;

[0108] Organic montmorillonite modification: quaternary ammonium salt treatment.

[0109] S2: Phase 1: Basic Dispersion:

[0110] S21: Carrier preparation:

[0111] Adding pretreated silicone oil into the reactor;

[0112] Temperature control: 45±2℃;

[0113] Stirring speed: 300rpm.

[0114] S22: Dispersant addition:

[0115] Slowly add oleic acid: 2-3% mass fraction;

[0116] Stir evenly: 15min;

[0117] Add sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate: 0.5-1% by mass; continue stirring: 10 minutes.

[0118] S23: Stabilizer addition:

[0119] Add modified silica: 12% mass fraction;

[0120] Add modified montmorillonite: 0.3-0.5% mass fraction; high-speed shear dispersion: 8000rpm, 30min.

[0121] S3: Magnetic Particle Dispersion:

[0122] S31: Magnetic particles added:

[0123] Add pretreated iron powder in batches;

[0124] Each batch interval: 5min;

[0125] Total addition amount: 70-75% mass fraction;

[0126] Temperature control: 50±2℃.

[0127] S32: High Energy Dispersion Processing:

[0128] High speed shearing: 12000rpm;

[0129] Time: 2h;

[0130] Intermittent operation: stop for 2 minutes every 30 minutes;

[0131] Cooling control: Maintain 50±2℃.

[0132] S4: Vacuum treatment:

[0133] S41: Vacuum degassing:

[0134] Pressure: -0.098Mpa;

[0135] Temperature: 60℃;

[0136] Time: 1h;

[0137] Intermittent stirring: 100 rpm.

[0138] S42: Ultrasonication:

[0139] Power density: 300W / L;

[0140] Time: 30 minutes;

[0141] Intermittent mode: work for 30s, stop for 5s.

[0142] 2.3 Fluid characteristic indicators:

[0143] Zero field viscosity: 0.2-0.5 Pa·s;

[0144] Yield stress: 50-80kPa;

[0145] Sedimentation stability: 24h sedimentation rate <1%;

[0146] Temperature adaptability: -40℃ to +150℃;

[0147] Response time: <10ms;

[0148] Magnetic field strength range: 0-400kA / m;

[0149] Shear stability: >10 6 There is no performance degradation in each cycle.

[0150] 2.4 Cavity structure design:

[0151] Main cavity: diameter: 80-120mm, height: 30-50mm, distribution spacing: 200-300mm, total number: 6-8, volume ratio: 15-20%, material: carbon fiber composite material.

[0152] Lining anti-corrosion layer: nano-alumina + graphene composite coating.

[0153] Fluid containment structure: Nanoporous materials are used to construct microstructures. Material: graphene oxide aerogel, porosity: >90%, specific surface area: >800m 2 / g. Advantages: Improve fluid distribution uniformity, enhance heat conduction efficiency, and improve rheological effects.

[0154] Connecting channels: using graphene reinforced composite materials, structure: multi-level tree-like microchannel network.

[0155] Sealing system: Main seal: fluororubber O-ring (temperature resistant -40℃ to +200℃), secondary seal: polytetrafluoroethylene dust ring, sealing grade: IP67.

[0156] 3. Pressure sensing valve system (built-in electromagnetic coil):

[0157] 3.1 Piezoelectric drive unit:

[0158] Material: PZT5H piezoelectric ceramic;

[0159] Size: diameter 30mm, thickness 2mm;

[0160] Piezoelectric constant: d33 = 590 × 10 -12 C / N;

[0161] Dielectric constant: εr = 3400;

[0162] Curie temperature: ≥250℃;

[0163] Electromechanical coupling coefficient: kp≥0.62.

[0164] 3.2 Valve body structure:

[0165] Valve core: high-strength titanium alloy, surface DLC coating;

[0166] Valve seat: 316L stainless steel, surface hardening treatment;

[0167] Guide bearing: self-lubricating polyetheretherketone (PEEK);

[0168] Seal: High-pressure resistant fluororubber composite seal ring.

[0169] 3.3 Control parameters:

[0170] Pressure sensing range: 0-10Mpa;

[0171] Response time: <50ms;

[0172] Valve opening: 0-100% continuously adjustable;

[0173] Adjustment accuracy: ±5%;

[0174] Repeat positioning accuracy: ≤0.02mm;

[0175] Working temperature: -20℃ to +80℃;

[0176] Service life:>10 6 Second cycle.

[0177] 3.4 The electromagnetic coil generates a magnetic field to control fluid viscosity:

[0178] Magnetic field strength: 0-400kA / m adjustable;

[0179] Viscosity range: 0.2-500Pa·s;

[0180] Yield stress: 0-80kPa;

[0181] Response time: <10ms.

[0182] 4. Sensor monitoring system:

[0183] 4.1 Force sensor network:

[0184] Type: Piezoelectric force sensor;

[0185] Measuring range: 0-2000kN;

[0186] Accuracy: 0.1%FS;

[0187] Frequency response: 0-1000Hz;

[0188] Overload capacity: 150% FS;

[0189] Temperature compensation: -20℃ to +80℃;

[0190] Arrangement quantity: 8-12 pcs / support.

[0191] 4.2 Displacement sensor:

[0192] Type: magnetostrictive displacement sensor;

[0193] Measuring range: ±500mm;

[0194] Resolution: 0.01mm;

[0195] Linearity: ≤0.05% FS;

[0196] Repeatability: ≤0.01mm;

[0197] Response frequency: ≤2ms;

[0198] Layout: orthogonal three-way.

[0199] 4.3 Temperature sensor:

[0200] Type: platinum resistance temperature sensor (PT100); Range: -40℃ to +120℃;

[0201] Resolution: 0.1℃;

[0202] Accuracy: ±0.2℃;

[0203] Response time: ≤1s;

[0204] Stability: ≤0.02℃ / year;

[0205] Arrangement quantity: 4-6 pieces / support.

[0206] 4.4 Pressure sensor:

[0207] Type: Silicon piezoresistive pressure sensor;

[0208] Measuring range: 0-15Mpa;

[0209] Resolution: 0.01Mpa;

[0210] Accuracy: 0.1%FS;

[0211] Overload capacity: 200% FS;

[0212] Temperature compensation: -20℃ to +85℃; Response time: ≤1ms.

[0213] 4.5 Acceleration sensor:

[0214] Type: piezoelectric three-axis accelerometer; Range: ±20g;

[0215] Resolution: 0.0001g;

[0216] Frequency response: 0.1-1000Hz;

[0217] Non-linearity: ≤0.5%FS;

[0218] Lateral sensitivity: ≤3%;

[0219] Working temperature: -40℃ to +85℃;

[0220] Temperature sensitivity: ≤0.02% / ℃;

[0221] Overload capacity: 200% FS;

[0222] Response time: ≤0.5ms;

[0223] Arrangement quantity: 6-8 pieces / support;

[0224] Layout: orthogonal three-way.

[0225] 2. System collaborative working principle:

[0226] 1. Static working state:

[0227] The smart fluid is in the basic viscosity state; the valve maintains the preset opening;

[0228] Sensors continuously monitor basic data.

[0229] 2. Dynamic response process:

[0230] 2.1 Initial earthquake triggering stage:

[0231] The accelerometer detected the seismic waves;

[0232] The displacement sensor monitors the support deformation in real time;

[0233] Force sensors monitor dynamic load changes;

[0234] The control system activates emergency response mode.

[0235] 2.2 Adaptive adjustment stage:

[0236] The controller calculates the optimal damping based on the monitoring data;

[0237] The piezoelectric valve adjusts its opening in real time;

[0238] The electromagnetic coil generates a magnetic field to control the fluid viscosity;

[0239] Intelligent fluid flow generates controllable damping force;

[0240] The support stiffness and damping can be adjusted dynamically.

[0241] 2.3 Continuous optimization stage:

[0242] Real-time evaluation of shock absorption effect;

[0243] Dynamic optimization of control parameters;

[0244] The system continuously adjusts itself adaptively;

[0245] Ensures optimal shock absorption.

[0246] When an earthquake occurs, the system achieves full-process adaptive adjustment through a complete set of intelligent perception and control mechanisms. In the initial stage, the acceleration sensors placed at key positions of the bearings can quickly capture the arrival of earthquake waves, while the displacement sensors and force sensor networks immediately start high-frequency sampling mode to obtain the deformation state of the bearings and the dynamic load information in real time. The control system immediately switches to the emergency response state and begins to execute the preset rapid response strategy when it detects an abnormal signal.

[0247] After entering the adaptive adjustment stage, the core controller of the system runs a specially developed optimization algorithm based on multi-dimensional data collected in real time, and calculates the optimal damping parameters in the current state within milliseconds. Subsequently, the control signal is synchronously transmitted to the piezoelectric-driven high-precision valve system and electromagnetic coil array. The piezoelectric valve can be accurately adjusted to the target opening within 50 milliseconds. At the same time, the controllable magnetic field strength generated by the electromagnetic coil can be quickly adjusted within the range of 0-400kA / m, directly acting on the magnetorheological fluid, causing its viscosity characteristics to change accordingly. This synergistic effect enables the intelligent fluid flowing through the support cavity to produce a precisely controllable damping force, thereby achieving dynamic optimization of the overall stiffness and damping characteristics of the support.

[0248] During the earthquake, the system enters a continuous optimization mode. The controller continuously updates and optimizes the control strategy by analyzing the mechanical response characteristics of the bearings, displacement trajectories, and the overall shock absorption effect of the structure in real time. The system uses advanced adaptive algorithms to dynamically adjust control parameters according to the changing characteristics of seismic waves, minimizing the impact of earthquakes while ensuring structural safety. This intelligent continuous optimization mechanism ensures that the bearings always maintain the best shock absorption performance throughout the earthquake process, providing reliable seismic isolation protection for the upper structure.

[0249] The key to this dynamic response mechanism lies in its highly integrated sensing-control-actuation system and the intelligent control algorithm developed based on a large amount of test data. The system can show excellent adaptability and reliability under earthquakes of different intensities, achieving an intelligent shock absorption effect that traditional passive seismic isolation bearings cannot achieve. Through precise multi-parameter coordinated control, the system can continuously adjust the damping ratio of the bearing within the range of 5%-25%, meeting the differentiated requirements for seismic isolation performance under different operating conditions.

[0250] Dual control principle:

[0251] Valve opening adjustment: controls the "channel size" of fluid flow; affects the "speed" of pressure release; only works when there is a pressure difference.

[0252] Magnetic field intensity regulation: directly changes the "internal characteristics" of the fluid; regulates the "flow resistance" of the fluid; and continuously acts on the fluid properties.

[0253] Therefore, valve opening adjustment is a "passive-active" combination of control methods. Passive characteristics: external force is required to generate pressure difference to trigger flow. Active control: the flow rate can be actively adjusted according to demand. Synergistic effect: cooperate with magnetic field intensity adjustment to achieve precise control.

[0254] The advantages of this design are: energy saving: no energy consumption when static; fast response: triggered immediately when an earthquake occurs; strong controllability: precise flow control through opening adjustment; wide adjustment range: complementary advantages with magnetic field strength adjustment.

[0255] 3. Performance indicators:

[0256] 1. Static performance:

[0257] Vertical bearing capacity: 5000-10000kN;

[0258] Horizontal displacement: ±400mm;

[0259] Vertical stiffness: 1500-2000kN / mm;

[0260] Horizontal initial stiffness: 0.8-1.2kN / mm;

[0261] Equivalent damping ratio: 5-25% (adjustable).

[0262] 2. Dynamic performance:

[0263] Response time: <100ms;

[0264] Control accuracy: ±10%;

[0265] Adjustment range: 2%-30% damping ratio;

[0266] Frequency adaptation: 0.1-10Hz;

[0267] Service life: ≥50 years.

[0268] 3. Environmental adaptability:

[0269] Working temperature: -30℃ to +60℃;

[0270] Ambient humidity: ≤95%RH;

[0271] Protection grade: IP65;

[0272] Earthquake resistance intensity: 9 degrees.

[0273] The present invention uses a specially formulated magnetorheological fluid as the core medium, and achieves wide-range viscosity adjustment of 0.2500Pa·s through magnetic field control. The innovatively designed multi-cavity distribution structure (68 cavities) achieves a fast adjustment capability with a response time of <10ms. The cavity uses carbon fiber composite materials with nano-alumina and graphene composite coatings to solve the durability problem of traditional bearings. The synergistic effect enables the intelligent fluid flowing through the bearing cavity to generate a precisely controllable damping force, thereby achieving dynamic optimization of the overall stiffness and damping characteristics of the bearing.

[0274] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optional implementation modes. Anyone can derive other various forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention. However, no matter what changes are made in the shape or structure, all technical solutions that fall within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite thick-laminated rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping, characterized in that: It comprises an upper connecting steel plate (1) and a lower connecting steel plate (2), wherein a steel plate layer (3), a rubber layer (4), a pressure sensing layer (5) and a sensor network layer (6) are arranged between the upper connecting steel plate (1) and the lower connecting steel plate (2), and a plurality of fluid cavities (7) connected by pipelines are arranged in the rubber layer (4); The fluid cavity (7) is filled with a smart fluid, the formula of the smart fluid comprising a basic carrier, magnetic particles, a dispersant system and a stabilizer; The pressure sensing layer (5) is provided with an electromagnetic coil, a piezoelectric drive unit and a valve body, the valve body is connected to the fluid cavity (7) through a conduit, the electromagnetic coil is sleeved on the valve body, and the electromagnetic coil and the valve body are electrically connected to the piezoelectric drive unit respectively; The sensor network layer (6) includes a force sensor, a displacement sensor, a temperature sensor for monitoring the external load borne by the support, a pressure sensor and an acceleration sensor for monitoring the internal pressure of the intelligent fluid system; It also includes a control system, and the piezoelectric drive unit, the force sensor, the displacement sensor, the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the acceleration sensor are all electrically connected to the control system.

2. The composite thick-laminated rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid cavity (7) comprises a main cavity, an inner lining anti-corrosion layer is arranged in the main cavity, a fluid containing structure is arranged in the inner lining anti-corrosion layer, an intelligent fluid fills the fluid containing structure, flow pipes are connected between adjacent main cavities, and the main cavity is provided with a sealing system.

3. The composite thick-laminated rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material of the main cavity is carbon fiber composite material, the inner lining anti-corrosion layer is nano-alumina + graphene composite coating, the fluid containing structure adopts nano-porous material to construct the microstructure, the material of the fluid containing structure is graphene oxide aerogel, the connecting pipe uses graphene reinforced composite material, and the sealing system includes a fluororubber O-ring as the main seal and a polytetrafluoroethylene dust ring as the secondary seal.

4. The composite thick-laminated rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smart fluid comprises the following components in parts by weight: Basic carrier: low volatility silicone oil; Magnetic particles: 70-75 parts of spherical carbonyl iron powder; Dispersant system: main component: oleic acid 23 parts, synergist: sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 0.51 parts; Stabilizer: Main component: 12 parts of hydrophobic nano-silica, auxiliary component: 0.3-0.5 parts of organic montmorillonite.

5. A method for preparing a smart fluid for a composite thick-layered rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping, wherein the prepared smart fluid is used for the composite thick-layered rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: magnetic particle pretreatment; basic carrier pretreatment; Stabilizer pretreatment; S2: Basic dispersion: carrier preparation, dispersant addition, stabilizer addition; S3: Magnetic particle dispersion: Magnetic particles are added and high energy dispersion is performed. S4: Vacuum treatment: vacuum degassing, ultrasonic treatment.

6. The method for preparing a smart fluid for a composite thick-layered rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1: S11: Magnetic particle pretreatment: Pretreatment of spherical carbonyl iron powder: vacuum drying: 80±5℃, 24h; Screening: 400 mesh standard sieve; Magnetic detection: saturation magnetization intensity ≥ 200emu / g; Surfactant pretreatment: Oleic acid heating: 60±2℃ insulation; Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate preparation: 5% aqueous solution; S12: Carrier silicone oil pretreatment: Vacuum degassing: -0.095Mpa, 2h; Filtration: 5μm precision filtration; Viscosity test: ensure 100-500MPa·s; S13: Stabilizer pretreatment: Nano-silica activation: 120℃, 4h; organic montmorillonite modification: quaternary ammonium salt treatment.

7. The method for preparing a smart fluid for a composite thick-layered rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S2: S21: Carrier preparation: Add pre-treated silicone oil to the reactor; temperature control: 45±2℃; stirring speed: 300rpm; S22: Dispersant addition: Slowly add oleic acid: 2-3% by mass, stir evenly: 15 minutes; add sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate: 0.5-1% by mass, continue stirring: 10 minutes; S23: Stabilizer addition: Add modified silicon dioxide: 12% by mass; add modified montmorillonite: 0.3-0.5% by mass; high-speed shear dispersion: 8000 rpm, 30 min.

8. The method for preparing a smart fluid for a composite thick-layered rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3: S31: Magnetic particles added: Add pretreated iron powder in batches; interval between each batch: 5min; total addition amount: 70-75% mass fraction; temperature control: 50±2℃; S32: High Energy Dispersion Processing: High-speed shearing: 12000rpm; time: 2h; intermittent operation: stop for 2min every 30min; cooling control: maintain 50±2℃.

9. The method for preparing a smart fluid for a composite thick-layered rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4: S41: Vacuum degassing: Pressure: -0.098Mpa; Temperature: 60°C; Time: 1h; Intermittent stirring: 100rpm; S42: Ultrasonication: Power density: 300W / L; time: 30min; intermittent mode: work for 30s, stop for 5s.

10. A seismic isolation method for a composite thick-layered rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping, using the composite thick-layered rubber seismic isolation bearing with adaptive damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: T1: Static working state: the smart fluid is in the basic viscosity state, the valve maintains the preset opening, and the sensor continuously monitors the basic data; T2: Dynamic response process: T21: Initial earthquake triggering stage: the acceleration sensor detects the seismic wave, the displacement sensor monitors the support deformation in real time, the force sensor monitors the dynamic load change, and the control system starts the emergency response mode; T22: Adaptive adjustment stage: The control system calculates the optimal damping piezoelectric valve based on monitoring data to adjust the opening in real time; the electromagnetic coil generates a magnetic field to control the fluid viscosity; the intelligent fluid flow generates a controllable damping force; the support stiffness and damping are dynamically adjusted T23: Continuous optimization stage: real-time evaluation of shock absorption effect; dynamic optimization of control parameters; continuous adaptive adjustment of the system to ensure optimal shock absorption performance.

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