Cooling system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a cooling system and a control method thereof. The cooling system comprises an outdoor cold source module, a liquid cooling system, an air cooling system and a valve assembly. The outdoor cold source module comprises a cooling tower and a water chilling unit; the air cooling system is connected with the cooling tower and the water chilling unit through the valve assembly, and the liquid cooling system is connected with the cooling tower and the water chilling unit through the valve assembly; the valve assembly is used for communicating the liquid cooling system and a pipeline between the air cooling system and the water chilling unit when the outdoor temperature is larger than or equal to the first set temperature. The valve assembly is further used for communicating pipelines among the liquid cooling system, the water chilling unit and the cooling tower and communicating pipelines among the air cooling system, the water chilling unit and the cooling tower when the outdoor temperature is larger than or equal to the second set temperature and smaller than the first set temperature; and when the outdoor temperature is smaller than the second set temperature, the liquid cooling system and the pipeline between the air cooling system and the cooling tower are communicated. The invention can save power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data center refrigeration, and in particular to a cooling system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the underlying physical support for cloud computing, the reliable and stable operation of data centers is of paramount importance. Data centers generate a lot of heat during operation. If the energy cannot be dissipated in time, it will seriously affect the reliability and stability of data center operation. The main methods for cooling data centers include liquid cooling and air cooling.

[0003] A single cooling method can no longer meet the cooling needs of data centers, so the cooling system used in data centers usually includes a liquid cooling system for cooling the cabinets and an air cooling system for cooling the environment. However, the existing cooling system has the problem of high power consumption. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a cooling system and a control method thereof, which enables a liquid cooling system and an air cooling system to obtain appropriate cooling capacity according to the outdoor temperature by switching different cooling sources according to the outdoor temperature through a valve component. This avoids excessive use of high-energy cooling sources in a low-temperature environment, or insufficient cooling capacity in a high-temperature environment, which causes additional energy consumption of the equipment, thereby achieving more accurate cooling and reducing power consumption.

[0005] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cooling system, including: an outdoor cold source module, a liquid cooling system, an air cooling system and a valve assembly; the outdoor cold source module includes a cooling tower and a chiller; the air cooling system is connected to the cooling tower and the chiller through the valve assembly, and the liquid cooling system is connected to the cooling tower and the chiller through the valve assembly; the valve assembly is used to connect the liquid cooling system and the pipeline between the air cooling system and the chiller when the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to a first set temperature; the valve assembly is also used to connect the pipelines between the liquid cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower, and connect the pipelines between the air cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower when the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to a second set temperature and less than the first set temperature; and to connect the pipelines between the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower when the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to a second set temperature and less than the first set temperature.

[0006] Optionally, the valve assembly includes a first electric three-way valve and a second electric three-way valve; the first inlet of the first electric three-way valve is connected to the liquid outlet of the chiller, the second inlet of the first electric three-way valve is connected to the liquid outlet of the cooling tower, and the outlet of the first electric three-way valve is connected to the liquid inlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system and the liquid inlet of the air cooling system; the inlet of the second electric three-way valve is connected to the liquid outlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system and the liquid outlet of the air cooling system, the first outlet of the second electric three-way valve is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling tower, and the second outlet of the second electric three-way valve is connected to the liquid inlet of the chiller.

[0007] Optionally, the air cooling system includes a first air cooling component and a second air cooling component; the first air cooling component is connected in parallel between the liquid inlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system and the liquid outlet of the second air cooling component, and the second air cooling component is connected in parallel between the liquid inlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system and the liquid outlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system.

[0008] Optionally, the cooling system also includes a first electric regulating valve and a second electric regulating valve; the first electric regulating valve is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe of the first air-cooling component, and is used to control the cooling output of the first air-cooling component; the second electric regulating valve is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe of the second air-cooling component, and is used to control the cooling output of the second air-cooling component.

[0009] Optionally, the liquid cooling system includes a primary liquid circulation pipeline, at least one secondary liquid circulation pipeline and at least one cold capacity distribution device; the cold capacity distribution control device is connected to the primary liquid circulation pipeline; the secondary liquid circulation pipeline is connected to the corresponding cold capacity distribution device and the cabinet server; wherein the primary liquid circulation pipeline inputs the first cooling liquid to the cold capacity distribution device, the secondary liquid circulation pipeline inputs the second cooling liquid to the corresponding cabinet server, the second cooling liquid flows through at least one server of the corresponding cabinet server, the cabinet server outputs the liquid to be cooled to the corresponding secondary liquid circulation pipeline, the liquid to be cooled flows into the cold capacity distribution device through the corresponding secondary liquid circulation pipeline, the first cooling liquid and the liquid to be cooled perform heat exchange in the cold capacity distribution device, and the cold capacity distribution device provides the cooling liquid after heat exchange to the secondary liquid circulation pipeline.

[0010] Optionally, the primary liquid circulation pipeline includes a primary liquid input pipe, a primary liquid output pipe, at least one primary liquid input branch pipe and at least one primary liquid output branch pipe; the primary liquid input pipe and the primary liquid output pipe are connected to the outdoor cold source module, the primary liquid input branch pipe is connected to the primary liquid input pipe and the primary input end of the corresponding cold distribution device, and the primary liquid output branch pipe is connected to the primary liquid output pipe and the primary output end of the corresponding cold distribution device.

[0011] Optionally, the cooling system further includes a third electric regulating valve, which is disposed on the primary-side liquid input pipe and is used to control the cooling output of the liquid cooling system.

[0012] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a cooling system, which is used for the cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and the control method includes: when the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to a first set temperature, controlling the valve assembly to connect the liquid cooling system and the pipeline between the air cooling system and the chiller; when the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to a second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, controlling the valve assembly to connect the pipeline between the liquid cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower, and connecting the air cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower; when the outdoor temperature is less than the second set temperature, controlling the valve assembly to connect the pipeline between the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system and the cooling tower.

[0013] Optionally, when the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, the valve assembly is controlled to connect the pipeline between the liquid cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower, and the step of connecting the pipeline between the air cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower includes: when the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, and the first difference is greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value and the second difference is greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value, the opening of the valve assembly in the direction of the cooling tower is: (first difference-design accuracy of the valve assembly) / temperature difference set value*100%, and the opening of the valve assembly in the direction of the cooling tower is limited to between 30% and 90%; When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, and the first difference is greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value or the second difference is greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value, the opening of the valve assembly in the direction of the cooling tower is: ((first difference - design accuracy of the valve assembly) / temperature difference set value * 100% + (second difference - design accuracy of the valve assembly) / temperature difference set value * 100%) / 2, and the opening of the valve assembly in the direction of the cooling tower is limited to between 30% and 90%; wherein the first difference is the difference between the inlet water temperature in the liquid cooling system and the outlet water temperature of the cooling tower, and the second difference is the difference between the inlet water temperature in the air cooling system and the outlet water temperature of the cooling tower.

[0014] Optionally, the control method of the cooling system also includes: acquiring a first liquid inlet temperature of the cooling tower and a second liquid inlet temperature of the chiller in real time; determining the rotation speed of the heat dissipation fan in the cooling tower by a proportional-integral-differential algorithm according to the difference between the first liquid inlet temperature and the first set liquid inlet temperature, so as to control the first output cooling capacity of the cooling tower; determining the output frequency of the compressor in the chiller by a proportional-integral-differential algorithm according to the difference between the second liquid inlet temperature and the second set liquid inlet temperature, so as to control the second output cooling capacity of the chiller; determining the cooling capacity output ratio of the cooling tower and the chiller according to the first output cooling capacity and the second output cooling capacity.

[0015] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is that when the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the first set temperature, the valve assembly connects the pipelines between the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system and the chiller, and at this time, the chiller is mainly used for refrigeration. When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, the valve assembly connects the pipelines between the liquid cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower, and connects the pipelines between the air cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower, and at this time, the cooling tower begins to participate in the refrigeration work. The cooling tower uses outdoor air to exchange heat with the coolant, and its operating energy consumption is relatively low. It shares the refrigeration task with the chiller, and reduces the overall power consumption compared to relying solely on the high-energy-consuming chiller for refrigeration. When the outdoor temperature is less than the second set temperature, the valve assembly connects the pipelines between the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system and the cooling tower. At this time, the cooling capacity required by the system is completely provided by the cooling tower, an external natural cold source, and the chiller is turned off, avoiding the energy consumption of the chiller operation, greatly saving power consumption, and making full use of the free refrigeration capacity of the natural cold source in a low-temperature environment. In other words, by switching different cooling sources according to the outdoor temperature through the valve assembly, the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system can obtain appropriate cooling supply according to the outdoor temperature. This avoids excessive use of high-energy cooling sources in low-temperature environments, or insufficient cooling in high-temperature environments, which leads to additional energy consumption of equipment (such as energy consumption when the server returns to normal frequency after overheating, etc.), thereby achieving more accurate cooling and saving energy.

[0016] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4is a structural schematic diagram of another cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a circulation path of a coolant provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another cooling liquid circulation path provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of another cooling liquid circulation path provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9 is a flow chart of a method for controlling a cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 This is a flow chart of another cooling system control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the cooling system includes: an outdoor cold source module 1, a liquid cooling system 2, an air cooling system 3 and a valve assembly 4.

[0031] The outdoor cold source module 1 includes a cooling tower 11 and a chiller 12 , the air cooling system 3 is connected to the cooling tower 11 and the chiller 12 via a valve assembly 4 , and the liquid cooling system 2 is connected to the cooling tower 11 and the chiller 12 via a valve assembly 4 .

[0032] The valve assembly 4 is used to: connect the pipelines between the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 and the chiller 12 when the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the first set temperature; connect the pipelines between the liquid cooling system 2 and the chiller 12 and the cooling tower 11 when the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature; and connect the pipelines between the air cooling system 3 and the chiller 12 and the cooling tower 11, and when the outdoor temperature is less than the second set temperature, connect the pipelines between the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 and the cooling tower 11.

[0033] Specifically, the cooling tower 11 is a device that uses air to exchange heat with a coolant to reduce the temperature of the coolant. In the cooling system, when the outdoor temperature is appropriate, it can serve as a natural cold source, taking away the heat in the coolant through the air, reducing the temperature of the coolant and then circulating it back into the system to dissipate heat for the equipment. It should be noted that the coolant can be water, an organic solvent, or freon, etc.

[0034] The chiller 12 is a device that cools the coolant to a relatively low temperature by using the principles of compressor refrigeration cycle, etc. In a high temperature environment or when a stronger refrigeration is required, the chiller 12 provides a low-temperature coolant to the cooling system and consumes electrical energy to achieve refrigeration.

[0035] The liquid cooling system 2 is a system for dissipating heat from high heat flux density equipment in the data center (such as some equipment in the server cabinet). The coolant circulates in the liquid cooling system 2, absorbs the heat generated by the high heat flux density equipment, and discharges the heat through heat exchange with the outdoor cold source module 1. Its heat dissipation efficiency is relatively high, and it can achieve precise heat dissipation of specific high heat flux density equipment.

[0036] The air cooling system 3 uses air circulation to exchange the cold air blown out from the air conditioner terminal with the heat generated by the high heat flux density equipment, and then transfers the heat to the outdoor cold source side for heat dissipation.

[0037] The valve assembly 4 is used to control the flow direction of the coolant in different pipelines. According to the change of outdoor temperature, the pipelines between the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 and different outdoor cold sources (cooling tower 11 and / or chiller 12) are connected or disconnected, thereby adjusting the distribution and utilization of cold energy to achieve the purpose of energy saving and effective heat dissipation.

[0038] Continue to refer Figure 1 , the working process of the cooling system is:

[0039] When the cooling system is started, all components are in standby mode, and the valve assembly 4 is in the initial setting state (which can be based on the system default or the state when it was last shut down). The cooling tower 11 and the chiller 12 in the outdoor cold source module 1 are ready, and the coolant circulation in the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 has not yet started, but the related equipment (such as the circulation pump, fan, etc.) is ready to start.

[0040] The control module in the cooling system monitors the outdoor temperature in real time. When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the first set temperature (assuming the first set temperature is T1), the valve assembly 4 is actuated.

[0041] High temperature environment working mode (outdoor temperature ≥ T1): valve assembly 4 connects the pipelines between liquid cooling system 2 and air cooling system 3 and chiller 12. At this time, chiller 12 starts to operate, cools the coolant to a lower temperature, and then transports the low-temperature coolant to liquid cooling system 2 and air cooling system 3 respectively through power equipment (such as a circulating pump). In liquid cooling system 2, the low-temperature coolant absorbs the heat of high heat flux density equipment, and returns to chiller 12 for re-cooling after the temperature rises; in air cooling system 3, the low-temperature coolant absorbs the heat of conventional heat flux density equipment and also returns to chiller 12. During the whole process, cooling tower 11 does not participate in the work, and mainly relies on chiller 12 to consume electric energy for cooling to maintain the heat dissipation of the system.

[0042] Medium temperature environment working mode (second set temperature ≤ outdoor temperature < T1): When the outdoor temperature drops to a temperature greater than or equal to the second set temperature (assuming that the second set temperature is T2, and T2 < T1) and less than the first set temperature, the valve assembly 4 changes state. The valve assembly 4 connects the pipelines between the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 and the chiller 12 and the cooling tower 11. At this time, the chiller 12 and the cooling tower 11 work at the same time, and the cooling tower 11 uses outdoor air to pre-cool the coolant, share part of the refrigeration task, and reduce the load of the chiller 12. After the coolant circulates in the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 to absorb heat, it first passes through the cooling tower 11 to exchange heat with the air for cooling, and then enters the chiller 12 as needed to further cool to a suitable temperature, and then continues to circulate to dissipate heat for the equipment.

[0043] Low temperature environment working mode (outdoor temperature < T2): When the outdoor temperature is less than the second set temperature, the valve assembly 4 is adjusted again. It connects the pipelines between the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 and the cooling tower 11, and the chiller 12 is turned off at this time. The cooling tower 11 alone undertakes the refrigeration task, using low-temperature outdoor air to cool the coolant circulating in the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3. After the coolant absorbs the heat of the equipment, it returns to the cooling tower 11 for heat exchange and cooling. In this way, the system completely relies on natural cold sources to dissipate heat, achieving zero power consumption refrigeration (only a small amount of energy consumption such as the cooling tower fan), and achieving the maximum energy saving effect. In other words, the cooling system continuously monitors the outdoor temperature. As the outdoor temperature changes, the valve assembly 4 will continuously adjust the connection state according to the above-set temperature threshold to ensure that the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 can always obtain appropriate cold supply at different ambient temperatures, so that the equipment in the data center can maintain stable operation within a suitable temperature range, while maximizing power consumption.

[0044] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is that when the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the first set temperature, the valve assembly connects the pipelines between the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system and the chiller, and at this time, the chiller is mainly used for refrigeration. When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, the valve assembly connects the pipelines between the liquid cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower, and connects the pipelines between the air cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower, and at this time, the cooling tower begins to participate in the refrigeration work. The cooling tower uses outdoor air to exchange heat with the coolant, and its operating energy consumption is relatively low. It shares the refrigeration task with the chiller, and reduces the overall power consumption compared to relying solely on the high-energy-consuming chiller for refrigeration. When the outdoor temperature is less than the second set temperature, the valve assembly connects the pipelines between the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system and the cooling tower. At this time, the cooling capacity required by the system is completely provided by the cooling tower, an external natural cold source, and the chiller is turned off, avoiding the energy consumption of the chiller operation, greatly saving power consumption, and making full use of the free refrigeration capacity of the natural cold source in a low-temperature environment. In other words, by switching different cooling sources according to the outdoor temperature through the valve assembly, the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system can obtain appropriate cooling supply according to the outdoor temperature. This avoids excessive use of high-energy cooling sources in low-temperature environments, or insufficient cooling in high-temperature environments, which leads to additional energy consumption of equipment (such as energy consumption when the server returns to normal frequency after overheating, etc.), thereby achieving more accurate cooling and saving energy.

[0045] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the valve assembly 4 includes a first electric three-way valve 41 and a second electric three-way valve 42 .

[0046] The first inlet of the first electric three-way valve 41 is connected to the liquid outlet of the chiller 12, the second inlet of the first electric three-way valve 41 is connected to the liquid outlet of the cooling tower 11, and the outlet A3 of the first electric three-way valve 41 is connected to the liquid inlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system 2 and the liquid inlet of the air cooling system 3.

[0047] The inlet of the second electric three-way valve 42 is connected to the liquid outlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system 2 and the liquid outlet of the air cooling system 3, the first outlet of the second electric three-way valve 42 is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling tower 11, and the second outlet of the second electric three-way valve 42 is connected to the liquid inlet of the chiller 12.

[0048] Specifically, the first electric three-way valve 41 has two inlets (a first inlet and a second inlet) and an outlet A3. The first inlet is connected to the liquid outlet of the chiller 12, which means that the low-temperature coolant after cooling by the chiller 12 can enter the first electric three-way valve 41 through the inlet; the second inlet is connected to the liquid outlet of the cooling tower 11, so that the coolant after pre-cooling or single cooling by the cooling tower 11 can also enter the valve. The outlet A3 is connected to the liquid inlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system 2 and the liquid inlet of the air cooling system 3, so that the coolant coming out of the chiller 12 and / or the cooling tower 11 can flow to the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 according to the control of the valve to provide cooling for the equipment.

[0049] The second electric three-way valve 42 has an inlet and two outlets (a first outlet and a second outlet). The first inlet is connected to the liquid outlet of the primary liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system 2 and the liquid outlet of the air cooling system 3, so that the cooling liquid with a higher temperature after absorbing the heat of the equipment from the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 can enter the second electric three-way valve 42; the first outlet is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling tower 11, and the second outlet is connected to the liquid inlet of the chiller 12, so that the high-temperature coolant can flow to the cooling tower 11 and / or the chiller 12 for cooling according to the valve control.

[0050] When the outdoor temperature is ≥ the first set temperature, the first electric three-way valve 41 adjusts the internal passage so that its outlet A3 is mainly connected to the first inlet, allowing the low-temperature coolant output by the chiller 12 to flow to the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 to provide cooling for the equipment. At this time, the passage on the cooling tower 11 side is closed, and the second electric three-way valve 42 controls the high-temperature coolant to flow from its second outlet to the liquid inlet of the chiller 12, so that the high-temperature coolant after absorbing the heat of the equipment enters the chiller 12 for strong refrigeration and cooling, and then circulates back to the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3.

[0051] When the second set temperature is less than or equal to the outdoor temperature and less than the first set temperature, the first electric three-way valve 41 adjusts the internal passage according to the cooling demand of the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3, so that the outlet A3 can be connected with the first inlet and the second inlet in a certain ratio, so that the coolant of the chiller 12 and the coolant pre-cooled by the cooling tower 11 are mixed in a suitable ratio and then flow to the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3. The high-temperature coolant first flows from the first outlet of the second electric three-way valve 42 to the cooling tower 11 for pre-cooling, and then, according to needs, part of the coolant flows out of the cooling tower 11 and then adjusts through the internal passage of the second electric three-way valve 42, and flows from its second outlet to the chiller 12 for further cooling, so as to reach a suitable temperature and then circulate back to the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3.

[0052] When the outdoor temperature is less than the second set temperature, the first electric three-way valve 41 adjusts the internal passage so that its outlet A3 is connected to the second inlet, allowing the low-temperature coolant output by the cooling tower 11 to flow to the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3. At this time, the chiller 12 is closed, and the natural cooling source is completely provided by the cooling tower 11. All the high-temperature coolant flows from the first outlet of the second electric three-way valve 42 to the cooling tower 11, and is cooled by the low-temperature outdoor air, and then circulates back to the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 to continue to absorb heat, so as to fully utilize the natural cooling source and save power consumption.

[0053] Continue to refer Figure 2 Optionally, the cooling system further includes a circulation pump 5, which is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet of the first electric three-way valve 41 and the liquid inlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system 2. The circulation pump 5 is used to provide power for the circulation of the coolant.

[0054] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, optionally, the air cooling system 3 includes a first air cooling component 31 and a second air cooling component 32 .

[0055] The first air cooling component 31 is connected in parallel between the liquid inlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system 2 and the liquid outlet of the second air cooling component 32. The second air cooling component 32 is connected in parallel between the liquid inlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system 2 and the liquid outlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system 2.

[0056] Specifically, the first air cooling component 31 and the second air cooling component 32 may be air conditioners. When the high-temperature coolant flows through the heat exchange coils (similar to the air conditioner evaporator coils) inside the first air cooling component 31 and the second air cooling component 32, the air contacts the coil surface, and the heat is transferred from the coolant to the air, so that the air temperature increases, thereby achieving cooling of the coolant.

[0057] The first air cooling component 31 is connected in parallel between the liquid inlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system 2 and the liquid outlet of the second air cooling component 32. This means that the coolant coming from the pipeline connected to the cooling tower 11 and / or the chiller 12 can flow directly into the first air cooling component 31 after being controlled by the valve component 4. At the same time, the liquid outlet of the first air cooling component 31 will flow to the liquid outlet of the second air cooling component 32 and merge with the coolant flowing out of the second air cooling component 32.

[0058] The second air cooling component 32 is connected in parallel between the liquid inlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system 2 and the liquid outlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system 2. It obtains coolant from the cooling tower 11 and / or the chiller 12 together with the first air cooling component 31, and its liquid outlet is directly connected to the liquid outlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system 2, so that the coolant after heat exchange through the second air cooling component 32 can directly flow back to the liquid outlet side of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system 2 and participate in the subsequent circulation (such as flowing to the second electric three-way valve 42, etc.).

[0059] The parallel structure of the first air-cooling component 31 and the second air-cooling component 32 allows them to dissipate heat for the coolant at the same time, thereby increasing the area and path of heat dissipation, improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency, and avoiding the problem of insufficient heat dissipation capacity or local overheating of a single air-cooling component.

[0060] Continue to refer Figure 3 Optionally, the cooling system also includes a first electric regulating valve 6 and a second electric regulating valve 7 .

[0061] The first electric regulating valve 6 is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe of the first air cooling component 31 to control the cooling output of the first air cooling component 31. The second electric regulating valve 7 is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe of the second air cooling component 32 to control the cooling output of the second air cooling component 32.

[0062] Specifically, by controlling the opening of the first electric regulating valve 6, the flow of coolant entering the first air-cooling component 31 can be controlled. When the opening of the first electric regulating valve 6 increases, more coolant flows into the first air-cooling component 31, and the amount of heat that can be absorbed and taken away increases, thereby increasing the cooling output of the first air-cooling component 31; conversely, when the opening of the first electric regulating valve 6 decreases, the coolant flow decreases, and the cooling output of the first air-cooling component 31 decreases.

[0063] Similarly, by controlling the opening of the second electric regulating valve 7, the flow of coolant entering the second air cooling component 32 can be controlled, thereby adjusting the cooling output of the second air cooling component 32. For example, when the heat load of equipment in certain areas of the data center is low, the opening of the second electric regulating valve 7 can be appropriately reduced to reduce the amount of coolant entering the second air cooling component 32 to avoid energy waste caused by excessive cooling; and when the heat load of the equipment increases, the opening can be increased to provide more cooling capacity.

[0064] The adjustment of the first electric regulating valve 6 and the second electric regulating valve 7 can make the cooling output of the first air-cooling component 31 and the second air-cooling component 32 cooperate with each other. For example, when the heat load of the area where the first air-cooling component 31 is responsible for cooling a certain part of the equipment in the data center is suddenly increased, while the heat load of the area where the second air-cooling component 32 is responsible for cooling is relatively stable, the opening of the first electric regulating valve 6 can be increased by the control system, while maintaining or appropriately adjusting the opening of the second electric regulating valve 7, so that more cooling capacity is distributed to the first air-cooling component 31, realizing the flexible distribution of cooling capacity inside the air-cooling system 3 and improving the overall cooling efficiency.

[0065] Optionally, the third liquid supply temperature (i.e., the actual value of the liquid supply temperature) in the coolant pipeline before the first electric regulating valve 6 is obtained in real time, and the control module controls the opening of the first electric regulating valve 6 through a proportional integral differential algorithm according to the difference between the third liquid supply temperature and the third set liquid inlet temperature (i.e., the set value of the liquid supply temperature), thereby dynamically adjusting the cooling output of the first air cooling component 31. Among them, the third set liquid supply temperature is the set liquid supply temperature of the coolant pipeline before the first electric regulating valve 6.

[0066] Similarly, the third liquid supply temperature (i.e., the actual value of the liquid supply temperature) in the coolant pipeline before the second electric regulating valve 7 is obtained in real time, and the control module controls the opening of the second electric regulating valve 7 through a proportional integral differential algorithm according to the difference between the fourth liquid supply temperature and the fourth set liquid inlet temperature (i.e., the set value of the liquid supply temperature), thereby dynamically adjusting the cooling output of the second air cooling component 32. Among them, the fourth set liquid supply temperature is the set liquid supply temperature of the coolant pipeline before the second electric regulating valve 7.

[0067] The proportional integral differential algorithm is as follows:

[0068] Opening degree of electric regulating valve

[0069] Among them, K p K is the opening proportional coefficient of the electric control valve, i K is the integral coefficient of the electric control valve opening, d is the differential coefficient of the electric control valve opening, e(k) is the deviation value of the liquid supply temperature at the kth sampling moment = the liquid supply temperature setting value - the actual value of the liquid supply temperature, unit, ℃.

[0070] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the liquid cooling system 2 includes a primary liquid circulation pipeline 21 , at least one secondary liquid circulation pipeline 22 and at least one cooling capacity distribution device 23 .

[0071] The cooling capacity distribution control device 23 is connected to the primary-side liquid circulation pipeline 21 .

[0072] The secondary side liquid circulation pipeline 22 is connected to the corresponding cooling capacity distribution device 23 and the cabinet server;

[0073] The primary liquid circulation pipeline 21 inputs the first cooling liquid to the cold distribution device 23, and the secondary liquid circulation pipeline 22 inputs the second cooling liquid to the corresponding cabinet server. The second cooling liquid flows through at least one server 10 of the corresponding cabinet server. The cabinet server outputs the liquid to be cooled to the corresponding secondary liquid circulation pipeline 22. The liquid to be cooled flows into the cold distribution device 23 through the corresponding secondary liquid circulation pipeline 22. The first cooling liquid and the liquid to be cooled are heat exchanged in the cold distribution device. The cold distribution device 23 provides the cooling liquid after heat exchange to the secondary liquid circulation pipeline 22.

[0074] Specifically, the cabinet server includes at least one server 10 , and each cabinet server is correspondingly provided with a cooling capacity distribution device 23 .

[0075] The coolant flows out from the cooling tower 11 and / or the chiller 12, and enters the primary liquid circulation pipeline 21 of the liquid cooling system 2 under the control of the valve assembly 4. At this time, the coolant is in a low-temperature state (first cooling liquid).

[0076] The first cooling liquid flows in the primary liquid circulation pipeline 21 and reaches the cooling distribution device 23. At the same time, the secondary liquid circulation pipeline 22 delivers the low-temperature cooling liquid (second cooling liquid) provided by the cooling distribution device 23 to the server 10 in the rack server. The cooling liquid contacts the heat-generating components in the server 10, absorbs heat, and the temperature rises, turning into the liquid to be cooled.

[0077] The liquid to be cooled flows out of the cabinet server and returns to the cooling distribution device 23 through the secondary liquid circulation pipeline 22, and performs heat exchange with the first cooling liquid in the cooling distribution device 23. After the heat exchange, the temperature of the first cooling liquid increases, and the temperature of the liquid to be cooled decreases. The cooling distribution device 23 transports the cooling liquid with the lowered temperature to the cabinet server again through the secondary liquid circulation pipe 22, and the cycle continues, continuously taking out the heat generated by the server 10 and transferring it to the outdoor cold source module 1 for heat dissipation.

[0078] Since each cabinet server has a corresponding secondary side liquid circulation pipeline 22 and a cooling capacity distribution device 23, the liquid cooling system 2 can achieve heat dissipation for each cabinet server by adjusting the cooling liquid flow rate of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline 21 and the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling capacity distribution device 23 according to the heat load requirements of different cabinet servers. For example, for a cabinet server with a high heat load, the cooling liquid flow rate of its corresponding secondary side liquid circulation pipeline 22 can be increased or the heat exchange performance of the cooling capacity distribution device 23 can be optimized to ensure that the server 10 operates within a suitable temperature range to avoid performance degradation or failure due to overheating, while also avoiding excessive cooling of cabinet servers with low heat loads, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency and energy utilization of the entire liquid cooling system 2.

[0079] Optionally, continue to refer to Figure 4 The primary liquid circulation pipeline 21 includes a primary liquid input pipe 211 , a primary liquid output pipe 212 , at least one primary liquid input branch pipe 213 and at least one primary liquid output branch pipe 214 .

[0080] The primary liquid inlet pipe 211 and the primary liquid outlet pipe 212 are connected to the outdoor cold source module 1, the primary liquid inlet branch pipe 213 is connected to the primary liquid inlet pipe 211 and the primary input end of the corresponding cold distribution device 23, and the primary liquid outlet branch pipe 214 is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe 212 and the primary output end of the corresponding cold distribution device 23.

[0081] Specifically, both ends of the primary liquid input pipe 211 and the primary liquid output pipe 212 are connected to the outdoor cold source module 1, respectively, forming the main cooling liquid inlet and outlet channels between the liquid cooling system 2 and the outdoor cold source. The primary liquid input pipe 211 introduces the low-temperature cooling liquid provided by the outdoor cold source module 1 into the liquid cooling system 2, while the primary liquid output pipe 212 is responsible for sending the cooling liquid with a higher temperature after absorbing heat in the liquid cooling system 2 back to the outdoor cold source module 1 for cooling.

[0082] The two ends of the primary liquid input branch pipe 213 are respectively connected to the primary liquid input pipe 211 and the primary input end of the corresponding cooling distribution device 23. Such a connection mode enables the low-temperature cooling liquid flowing from the primary liquid input pipe 211 to be diverted to each cooling distribution device 23, thereby realizing the reasonable distribution of the cooling liquid between different cooling distribution devices 23 to meet the heat dissipation requirements of each cabinet server.

[0083] The primary liquid output branch pipe 214 connects the primary liquid output pipe 212 and the primary output end of the corresponding cooling distribution device 23. Its function is to collect the cooling liquid with increased temperature after heat exchange in the cooling distribution device 23 and collect it to the primary liquid output pipe 212, so that the cooling liquid carrying heat can smoothly return to the outdoor cooling source module 1 for heat dissipation.

[0084] Optionally, continue to refer to Figure 4 The cooling system also includes a third electric regulating valve 8, which is arranged on the primary side liquid input pipe and is used to control the cooling output of the liquid cooling system.

[0085] Specifically, when the opening of the third electric regulating valve 8 increases, more cooling liquid can flow from the outdoor cold source module 1 into the liquid cooling system 2. This increases the circulation volume of the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling system 2, so that the cooling distribution device 23 has more low-temperature cooling liquid available for heat exchange with the liquid to be cooled sent by the secondary liquid circulation pipeline 22, thereby increasing the cooling output of the liquid cooling system 2. For example, when the heat load of the equipment in the data center is high, the control system can increase the opening of the third electric regulating valve 8 to meet the demand for cooling of the cabinet server and ensure that the equipment temperature is maintained within the normal range. On the contrary, when the opening of the third electric regulating valve 8 decreases, the flow of cooling liquid entering the liquid cooling system 2 decreases, and the cooling output decreases. This can avoid over-cooling and reduce energy consumption when the heat load of the equipment is low, and can also maintain the stable operation of the system. For example, at night or when some equipment in the data center is under low load, the opening can be appropriately reduced to achieve energy-saving operation.

[0086] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the cooling system comprises: an outdoor cold source module 1, a liquid cooling system 2, an air cooling system 3 and a valve assembly 4. The outdoor cold source module 1 comprises a cooling tower 11 and a chiller 12.

[0087] Optionally, the valve assembly 4 includes a first electric three-way valve 41 and a second electric three-way valve 42 .

[0088] Optionally, the cooling system further comprises a circulation pump 5. Optionally, the air cooling system 3 comprises a first air cooling component 31 and a second air cooling component 32. Optionally, the cooling system further comprises a first electric regulating valve 6 and a second electric regulating valve 7.

[0089] Optionally, the liquid cooling system 2 includes a primary-side liquid circulation pipeline 21 , at least one secondary-side liquid circulation pipeline 22 , and at least one cooling capacity distribution device 23 .

[0090] Optionally, the primary liquid circulation pipeline 21 includes a primary liquid input pipe 211, a primary liquid output pipe 212, at least one primary liquid input branch pipe 213 and at least one primary liquid output branch pipe 214. Optionally, the cooling system further includes a third electric regulating valve 8.

[0091] Specifically, the cooling tower 11 and the chiller 12 are the main components of the outdoor cold source module 1. The cooling tower 11 uses outdoor air to exchange heat with the coolant. Under suitable outdoor temperature conditions (such as low temperature environment), it can serve as a natural cold source to provide the system with relatively low-temperature coolant to reduce system energy consumption. The chiller 12 cools the coolant to a lower temperature through the principles of compressor refrigeration cycle, and provides cooling capacity for the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 in high temperature environments or when stronger cooling capacity is required.

[0092] The first electric three-way valve 41 and the second electric three-way valve 42 in the valve assembly 4 control the flow direction of the cold source according to factors such as the outdoor temperature.

[0093] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a cooling liquid circulation path provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the first set temperature, the first electric three-way valve 41 and the second electric three-way valve 42 connect the pipelines between the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 and the chiller 12, and the chiller 12 provides cooling capacity. At this time, the chiller 12 cools the high-temperature coolant in the loop and outputs the low-temperature coolant. After the pressure is increased by the circulating pump 5, the low-temperature coolant is dynamically adjusted by the valve assembly 4 and is respectively delivered to the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 to dissipate heat in the cabinet server cabinet, and reduce the temperature in the computer room to the target set value. At this time, the running flow path of the coolant is as follows: Figure 6 As shown; the low-temperature coolant absorbs heat in several servers 10, becomes high-temperature coolant, and flows into the primary-side liquid output pipe 212. The high-temperature coolant flowing out of the cabinet server is mixed with the high-temperature coolant flowing out of the air cooling system 3 before the second electric three-way valve 42. After mixing, it enters the chiller 12 through the second three-way valve 42 for heat exchange and becomes low-temperature coolant. It then flows through the primary-side liquid input pipe 211 and enters the cabinet server and the air cooling system 3 to absorb heat, and the cycle is repeated.

[0094] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of another cooling liquid circulation path provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, the first electric three-way valve 41 connects the pipelines between the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 and the chiller 12 and the cooling tower 11 to achieve mixed supply of cold sources. The low-temperature coolant absorbs heat in a number of servers 10, becomes high-temperature coolant, and flows into the primary-side liquid output pipe 212. The high-temperature coolant flowing out of the cabinet server is mixed with the high-temperature coolant flowing out of the air cooling system 3 before the second electric three-way valve 42. After mixing, it enters the chiller 12 and the cooling tower 11 through the second electric three-way valve 42 for heat exchange, turning it into low-temperature coolant, and then enters the server 10 and the air cooling system 3 through the primary-side liquid input pipe 211 to absorb heat, and the cycle continues.

[0095] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of another cooling liquid circulation path provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 When the outdoor temperature is lower than the second set temperature, the first electric three-way valve 41 connects the pipelines between the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 and the cooling tower 11. At this time, the cooling tower 11 is used to provide a natural cold source, and the heat of the external chiller 12 does not need to be consumed. The low-temperature coolant absorbs heat in the server 10 and becomes a high-temperature coolant, which is then merged into the primary-side liquid output pipe 212. The high-temperature coolant flowing out of the cabinet server is mixed with the high-temperature coolant flowing out of the air cooling system 3 before the second electric three-way valve 42. After mixing, it enters the cooling tower 11 through the second three-way valve 42 for heat exchange, turning it into a low-temperature coolant, and then flows through the primary-side liquid input pipe 211 into the server 10 and the air cooling system 3 to absorb heat, and the cycle continues.

[0096] The coolant in the liquid cooling system 2 circulates under the action of the circulation pump 5. The primary side liquid circulation pipeline 21 is responsible for conveying the low-temperature coolant from the outdoor cold source module 1 to the cold distribution device 23. Among them, the primary side liquid input pipe 211 introduces the first coolant, and the primary side liquid input branch pipe 213 diverts the first coolant to each cold distribution device 23. In the cold distribution device 23, the low-temperature coolant exchanges heat with the liquid to be cooled of the cabinet server heat sent by the secondary side liquid circulation pipeline 22. After the heat exchange, the temperature of the low-temperature coolant increases, and the temperature of the liquid to be cooled decreases. The coolant with increased temperature converges to the primary side liquid output pipe 212 through the primary side liquid output branch pipe 214, and then returns to the outdoor cold source module 1 for cooling. The secondary side liquid circulation pipeline 22 conveys the low-temperature coolant provided by the cold distribution device 23 to the cabinet server. After absorbing heat in the server, the coolant becomes the liquid to be cooled, and then returns to the cold distribution device 23 for heat exchange, and so on. The cycle is realized to achieve heat dissipation of the cabinet server. The third electric regulating valve 8 is arranged on the primary side liquid inlet pipe 211, and controls the flow of coolant entering the liquid cooling system 2 by adjusting its opening, thereby controlling the cooling output of the liquid cooling system 2 to adapt to different heat dissipation requirements.

[0097] The first air cooling component 31 and the second air cooling component 32 in the air cooling system 3 are connected in parallel between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline 21 of the liquid cooling system 2. After the coolant enters the liquid inlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system 2 from the pipeline related to the outdoor cold source module 1 through the control of the valve component 4, a part of the coolant enters the first air cooling component 31, and the other part enters the second air cooling component 32. In the air cooling component, the coolant exchanges heat with IT equipment with conventional heat flux density, and the temperature rises after absorbing the heat of the equipment. The first electric regulating valve 6 is arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline of the first air cooling component 31, and the second electric regulating valve 7 is arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline of the second air cooling component 32. They control the flow of coolant entering their respective air cooling components by adjusting the opening, thereby controlling the cooling output of the air cooling components and realizing precise heat dissipation of different equipment or areas. The high-temperature coolant flowing out of the air-cooling assembly merges with the high-temperature coolant flowing out of the liquid cooling system 2, and then flows to the cooling tower 11 and / or the chiller 12 for cooling treatment according to the control of the second electric three-way valve 42.

[0098] The entire cooling system achieves efficient heat dissipation and energy-saving operation through the coordinated work of various components. Under different outdoor temperature conditions, the valve component 4 reasonably distributes the cold source, gives priority to the use of natural cold sources (cooling tower 11), and reduces the operating time and energy consumption of the chiller 12. The liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling system 3 cooperate with each other to maintain the temperature stability of the equipment in the data center. The circulating pump 5 provides power for the circulation of the coolant to ensure the stable flow of the coolant in the system. The first electric regulating valve 6, the second electric regulating valve 7 and the third electric regulating valve 8 accurately control the distribution of cold capacity according to factors such as equipment temperature and system load to avoid over-cooling or insufficient cooling, further improving the energy utilization efficiency of the system. At the same time, the monitoring equipment such as the temperature sensor in the system feeds data back to the control module in the cooling system. The control system adjusts the operating parameters of each component (such as valve opening, circulating pump speed, chiller cooling capacity, etc.) according to the preset logic to realize the automation and intelligent operation of the entire cooling system, ensuring that the equipment in the data center operates stably under the optimal temperature environment while minimizing energy consumption.

[0099] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for controlling a cooling system to control the cooling systems provided by the above embodiments. Fig. 9 is a flow chart of a control method of a cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to Figure 1 and Fig. 9 , the control method of the cooling system includes:

[0100] S101. When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to a first set temperature, the valve assembly is controlled to connect the pipelines between the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system and the chiller.

[0101] S102. When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, the control valve assembly connects the pipelines between the liquid cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower, and connects the pipelines between the air cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower.

[0102] Specifically, when the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, and the first difference is greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value and the second difference is greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value, the opening of the valve assembly in the cooling tower direction is:

[0103] (first difference - design accuracy of the valve assembly) / temperature difference setting value*100%, and the opening of the valve assembly in the cooling tower direction is limited to between 30% and 90%.

[0104] When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, and the first difference is greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value or the second difference is greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value, the opening of the valve assembly in the cooling tower direction is:

[0105] ((first difference - design accuracy of valve assembly) / temperature difference setting value*100%+(second difference - design accuracy of valve assembly) / temperature difference setting value*100%) / 2, and the opening of the valve assembly in the direction of cooling tower is limited to between 30%-90%; wherein, the first difference is the difference between the inlet water temperature in the liquid cooling system and the outlet water temperature of the cooling tower, and the second difference is the difference between the inlet water temperature in the air cooling system and the outlet water temperature of the cooling tower.

[0106] The opening in the cooling tower direction refers to the degree of opening of the passage in the valve assembly that controls the flow of coolant to the cooling tower. The design accuracy of the valve assembly refers to the parameters related to the accuracy set during the manufacturing and design process of the valve to ensure its normal operation and meet the system performance requirements.

[0107] When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, and the first difference and the second difference are both greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value, the opening of the valve assembly in the direction of the cooling tower is calculated according to Formula 1: (first difference - design accuracy of the valve assembly) / temperature difference set value * 100%. This calculation method dynamically adjusts the proportion of coolant flow to the cooling tower according to the temperature difference of the system. For example, if the first difference is large, it means that the inlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system is relatively high, and more cooling towers are needed for heat dissipation. At this time, the calculated opening will be larger, so that more coolant flows to the cooling tower; conversely, if the first difference is small, the calculated opening will be smaller, and relatively less coolant flows to the cooling tower. Limiting the opening of the valve assembly in the direction of the cooling tower to between 30% and 90% is mainly to ensure the stability and reliability of the system. If the opening of the valve assembly in the direction of the cooling tower is less than 30%, the cooling capacity of the cooling tower may not be fully utilized, and in some cases, it may not meet the cooling needs of the system, causing the temperature of the equipment to rise; and if the opening of the valve assembly in the direction of the cooling tower is higher than 90%, too much coolant may flow to the cooling tower, resulting in insufficient cold distribution of other cold sources (such as chillers), or causing the cooling tower to be overloaded, affecting the cold balance and operating stability of the entire system. By setting this reasonable opening range, while fully utilizing the natural cold source of the cooling tower, the entire cooling system can be ensured to work properly, maintain the equipment operating within a suitable temperature range, and avoid system failures or performance degradation caused by improper valve opening.

[0108] When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, and the first difference is greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value or the second difference is greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value, the opening of the valve assembly in the cooling tower direction is calculated by formula 2: ((first difference - design accuracy of valve assembly) / temperature difference set value*100%+(second difference - design accuracy of valve assembly) / temperature difference set value*100%) / 2, which can reasonably allocate the cooling resources of the cooling tower according to the actual demand for cooling by the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system. For example, if the first difference of the liquid cooling system is large, it means that the liquid cooling system needs more cooling to reduce the coolant temperature to meet the heat dissipation requirements of high heat flux density equipment. At this time, the opening of the valve assembly in the cooling tower direction calculated according to formula 2 will cause more coolant to flow to the cooling tower, and then return to the liquid cooling system after heat dissipation by the cooling tower, effectively taking away the heat generated by the equipment. Similarly, for the air-cooled system, if the second difference is large, the opening can be appropriately increased to allow more coolant to be cooled by the cooling tower and then dissipate the heat for the heat flux equipment in the air-cooled system, thereby achieving an accurate response to the cooling demand of the two systems and ensuring the stable operating temperature of the entire data center equipment.

[0109] It should be noted that if the opening of the valve assembly in the cooling tower direction calculated by Formula 1 and Formula 2 is less than 30%, the output is based on a 30% opening; if the opening of the valve assembly in the cooling tower direction calculated is greater than 90%, the output is based on 90%, and at this time the chiller operates at the minimum output frequency.

[0110] S103. When the outdoor temperature is lower than the second set temperature, the valve assembly is controlled to connect the pipelines between the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system and the cooling tower.

[0111] The similarities between the control method of the cooling system provided in the embodiment of the present invention and the cooling system can be explained with reference to the description of the cooling system, which will not be repeated here.

[0112] Fig.10 is a flow chart of another cooling system control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 and Fig.10 , the control method of the cooling system also includes:

[0113] S201. Acquire a first liquid inlet temperature of a cooling tower and a second liquid inlet temperature of a chiller in real time.

[0114] Optionally, the temperature of the coolant when it enters the cooling tower and the chiller can be monitored in real time by monitoring equipment such as temperature sensors.

[0115] S202. According to the difference between the first liquid inlet temperature and the first set liquid inlet temperature, the rotation speed of the heat dissipation fan in the cooling tower is determined by a proportional-integral-differential algorithm to control a first output cooling capacity of the cooling tower.

[0116] Specifically, the proportional integral derivative (PID) algorithm is as follows:

[0117] Cooling fan speed

[0118] Among them, K p1 K is the cooling fan speed proportional coefficient, i1 K is the speed integral coefficient of the cooling fan, d1 is the differential coefficient of the cooling fan speed, e1(k) is the inlet liquid temperature deviation value at the kth sampling moment = the first set inlet liquid temperature - the first inlet liquid temperature, in degrees Celsius.

[0119] The proportional-integral-differential algorithm takes into account the current temperature deviation (proportional term) and the accumulation of past temperature deviations (integral term). The proportional term can respond quickly to temperature changes, so that the cooling fan speed is adjusted accordingly according to the current temperature deviation; the integral term is used to eliminate the steady-state error of the system to ensure that the cooling tower output can stably meet the set requirements. The differential term adjusts the control output according to the rate of change of the error. If the inlet temperature is rising rapidly, that is, the rate of change of the error is positive and large, the differential term will produce a large output, causing the cooling fan speed to increase faster to prepare for possible higher temperature conditions in advance. The differential term helps to improve the dynamic response performance of the system, prevent the system from overshooting (that is, excessive temperature reduction) or oscillation, and make the adjustment of the cooling fan speed more stable and accurate.

[0120] The speed of the cooling fan directly affects the heat exchange efficiency between the air and the coolant in the cooling tower. When the speed of the cooling fan increases, the air flow rate in the cooling tower increases, the contact time and contact area between the air and the coolant increase, and the heat exchange is more sufficient. This allows the heat in the coolant to be transferred to the air more quickly, thereby reducing the temperature of the coolant and increasing the first output cooling capacity of the cooling tower. For example, in the cooling system of a data center, when the heat load of the equipment increases and the temperature of the coolant rises, increasing the speed of the cooling fan through the PID algorithm can speed up the cooling speed of the cooling tower, output more cooling capacity, lower the temperature of the coolant, and ensure normal heat dissipation of the equipment. Conversely, when the speed of the cooling fan decreases, the air flow rate slows down, the heat exchange efficiency decreases, and the first output cooling capacity of the cooling tower decreases to adapt to the reduction of the system heat load or other situations where the cooling capacity output needs to be reduced.

[0121] S203. According to the difference between the second liquid inlet temperature and the second set liquid inlet temperature, determine the output frequency of the compressor in the chiller by using a proportional-integral-differential algorithm to control the second output cooling capacity of the chiller.

[0122] Specifically, the proportional integral derivative (PID) algorithm is as follows:

[0123] Output frequency of the compressor:

[0124]

[0125] Among them, K p2 is the output frequency proportional coefficient of the compressor, K i2 K is the integral coefficient of the compressor output frequency, d2 is the output frequency differential coefficient of the compressor, e2(k) is the inlet liquid temperature deviation value at the kth sampling moment = the second set inlet liquid temperature - the second inlet liquid temperature, in degrees Celsius.

[0126] Similar to the control of cooling towers, the proportional term quickly adjusts the compressor output frequency according to the current temperature deviation, and the integral term is used to eliminate steady-state errors. If the second inlet temperature is higher than the second set inlet temperature, the difference is positive, and the proportional term will prompt the compressor to increase the output frequency and increase the cooling capacity; the integral term further optimizes the frequency adjustment according to the accumulation of temperature deviation, so that the output cooling capacity of the chiller can stably meet the system requirements. The differential term adjusts the compressor output frequency according to the rate of change of the temperature deviation.

[0127] The change of compressor output frequency directly affects the cooling capacity of the chiller, and then controls the second output cooling capacity of the chiller. When the compressor output frequency increases, the cooling capacity of the chiller increases, which can more effectively reduce the coolant temperature and output more cooling capacity; when the compressor output frequency decreases, the cooling capacity decreases and the output cooling capacity also decreases accordingly. Through this dynamic adjustment, the chiller can provide appropriate cooling capacity according to the actual inlet liquid temperature to ensure that the cooling demand of the system is met.

[0128] S204, determining the cooling output ratio between the cooling tower and the chiller according to the first cooling output and the second cooling output.

[0129] Specifically, after determining the first output cooling capacity of the cooling tower and the second output cooling capacity of the chiller, the output ratio between them needs to be determined based on the two cooling capacities. The determination of this output ratio is crucial for the efficient operation of the entire cooling system. For example, when the outdoor temperature is low, the cooling tower may be required to provide more cooling capacity to reduce the energy consumption of the chiller. At this time, the cooling tower's cooling capacity output ratio will be relatively high; when the outdoor temperature is high, the chiller may be required to provide a larger proportion of cooling capacity to meet the system's heat dissipation needs. By reasonably adjusting the cooling capacity output ratio of the cooling tower and the chiller, the natural cold source (cooling tower) can be fully utilized to reduce energy consumption, while ensuring that the system can obtain sufficient cooling capacity supply under different working conditions to maintain the normal operating temperature of the equipment.

[0130] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling system, characterized in that: include: Outdoor cold source module, liquid cooling system, air cooling system and valve components; The outdoor cold source module includes a cooling tower and a chiller; The air cooling system is connected to the cooling tower and the chiller through the valve assembly, and the liquid cooling system is connected to the cooling tower and the chiller through the valve assembly; The valve assembly is used to connect the pipelines between the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system and the chiller when the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the first set temperature; When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, the pipeline between the liquid cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower is connected, and the pipeline between the air cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower is connected; And when the outdoor temperature is lower than the second set temperature, the pipelines between the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system and the cooling tower are connected.

2. The cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve assembly includes a first electric three-way valve and a second electric three-way valve; The first inlet of the first electric three-way valve is connected to the liquid outlet of the chiller, the second inlet of the first electric three-way valve is connected to the liquid outlet of the cooling tower, and the outlet of the first electric three-way valve is connected to the liquid inlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system and the liquid inlet of the air cooling system; The inlet of the second electric three-way valve is connected to the liquid outlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system and the liquid outlet of the air cooling system, the first outlet of the second electric three-way valve is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling tower, and the second outlet of the second electric three-way valve is connected to the liquid inlet of the chiller.

3. The cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air cooling system comprises a first air cooling component and a second air cooling component; The first air cooling component is connected in parallel between the liquid inlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system and the liquid outlet of the second air cooling component. The second air cooling component is connected in parallel between the liquid inlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system and the liquid outlet of the primary side liquid circulation pipeline of the liquid cooling system.

4. The cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes a first electric regulating valve and a second electric regulating valve; The first electric regulating valve is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe of the first air cooling component, and is used to control the cooling output of the first air cooling component; The second electric regulating valve is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe of the second air-cooling component, and is used to control the cooling output of the second air-cooling component.

5. The cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid cooling system comprises a primary side liquid circulation pipeline, at least one secondary side liquid circulation pipeline and at least one cooling capacity distribution device; The cooling capacity distribution control device is connected to the primary side liquid circulation pipeline; The secondary side liquid circulation pipeline is connected to the corresponding cooling capacity distribution device and cabinet server; The primary-side liquid circulation pipeline inputs a first cooling liquid to the cold distribution device, the secondary-side liquid circulation pipeline inputs a second cooling liquid to the corresponding cabinet server, the second cooling liquid flows through at least one server of the corresponding cabinet server, the cabinet server outputs a liquid to be cooled to the corresponding secondary-side liquid circulation pipeline, the liquid to be cooled flows into the cold distribution device through the corresponding secondary-side liquid circulation pipeline, the first cooling liquid and the liquid to be cooled perform heat exchange in the cold distribution device, and the cold distribution device provides the cooling liquid that has undergone heat exchange to the secondary-side liquid circulation pipeline.

6. The cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that The primary liquid circulation pipeline comprises a primary liquid input pipe, a primary liquid output pipe, at least one primary liquid input branch pipe and at least one primary liquid output branch pipe; The primary side liquid inlet pipe and the primary side liquid output pipe are connected to the outdoor cold source module, the primary side liquid inlet branch pipe is connected to the primary side liquid inlet pipe and the corresponding primary side input end of the cold distribution device, and the primary side liquid output branch pipe is connected to the primary side liquid output pipe and the corresponding primary side output end of the cold distribution device.

7. The cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cooling system further comprises a third electric regulating valve, which is arranged on the primary-side liquid input pipe and is used to control the cooling output of the liquid cooling system.

8. A method for controlling a cooling system, characterized in that: For the cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the control method comprises: When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the first set temperature, the valve assembly is controlled to connect the pipelines between the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system and the chiller; When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, the valve assembly is controlled to connect the pipeline between the liquid cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower, and to connect the pipeline between the air cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower; When the outdoor temperature is lower than the second set temperature, the valve assembly is controlled to connect the liquid cooling system and the pipeline between the air cooling system and the cooling tower.

9. The control method of the cooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step of controlling the valve assembly to connect the pipeline between the liquid cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower, and connecting the pipeline between the air cooling system and the chiller and the cooling tower when the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature comprises: When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, and the first difference is greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value and the second difference is greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value, the opening of the valve assembly in the direction of the cooling tower is: (first difference - design accuracy of the valve assembly) / the temperature difference set value * 100%, and the opening of the valve assembly in the direction of the cooling tower is limited to between 30% and 90%; When the outdoor temperature is greater than or equal to the second set temperature and less than the first set temperature, and the first difference is greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value or the second difference is greater than or equal to the temperature difference set value, the opening of the valve assembly in the direction of the cooling tower is: ((first difference - design accuracy of the valve assembly) / temperature difference set value*100%+(second difference - design accuracy of the valve assembly) / temperature difference set value*100%) / 2, and the opening of the valve assembly in the direction of the cooling tower is limited to between 30% and 90%; The first difference is the difference between the inlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system and the outlet water temperature of the cooling tower, and the second difference is the difference between the inlet water temperature of the air cooling system and the outlet water temperature of the cooling tower.

10. The control method of the cooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control method further comprises: Acquire a first liquid inlet temperature of the cooling tower and a second liquid inlet temperature of the chiller in real time; According to the difference between the first liquid inlet temperature and the first set liquid inlet temperature, the speed of the heat dissipation fan in the cooling tower is determined by a proportional integral differential algorithm to control a first output cooling capacity of the cooling tower; According to the difference between the second liquid inlet temperature and the second set liquid inlet temperature, the output frequency of the compressor in the chiller is determined by a proportional integral differential algorithm to control the second output cooling capacity of the chiller; The cooling output ratio between the cooling tower and the chiller is determined according to the first cooling output and the second cooling output.

Images