Self-adaptive stretching clamp for elastic sheet small-size sample

Abstract

A self-adaptive stretching clamp for an elastic sheet small-size sample comprises a base, a fixed clamping assembly and a sliding clamping assembly, each of the fixed clamping assembly and the sliding clamping assembly comprises a U-shaped piece, a pressing block, a sliding block and an automatic compensation piece, the pressing block is vertically installed in a vertical through hole in an upper side arm of the U-shaped piece, the sliding block is hung below the pressing block, and the automatic compensation piece is connected with the sliding block. The attaching face of the pressing block and the sliding block is an inclined face inclining towards the outer lower portion of the opening of the U-shaped piece, the lower surface of the sliding block and the upper surface of the lower side arm of the U-shaped piece are sheet clamping faces, the automatic compensation piece is arranged on the connecting portion of the two side arms of the U-shaped piece through a screw rod, and the screw rod spirally penetrates through a screw hole of the connecting portion. The clamp is simple in structure and has the advantages of being low in cost, convenient to operate and good in clamping effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an adaptive stretching fixture for small-size samples of elastic sheets, belonging to the technical field of metal stretching test clamping devices. Background Art

[0002] Using microscopes, scanning electron microscopes and other testing equipment to observe the microscopic morphology changes of materials under stress or heating can help researchers understand the performance of materials more comprehensively. By observing the changes of materials at the microscopic level, it is possible to reveal the performance of materials in complex environments and provide important reference value for the research and development of functional materials.

[0003] For material samples that study microscopic physical properties, a smaller sample size helps to accurately test local structural properties. Due to the complex experimental conditions and limited space for testing equipment, stringent requirements are placed on the design of sample fixtures. Small and convenient fixtures need to be designed to fix and operate samples to ensure a stable testing environment and effective observation. In microscopic material research, the precision and flexibility of fixture design are crucial to obtaining accurate and reliable test results.

[0004] Traditional clamps for tensile testing are not adaptive or are expensive. When using a clamp that is not adaptive, when the object is deformed, the clamping part cannot continue to effectively clamp the object, and the object may slip or the tensile feed amount may not correspond to the deformation amount, which affects the accuracy of the tensile test and has defects. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive tensile clamp specially used for small-sized samples of elastic thin sheets in view of the above-mentioned technical defects of the existing clamping tensile test clamps. The clamp has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, simple clamping operation and reliable clamping.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The cam is a flexible member which is adapted to move the slider toward the outside of the U-shaped member and move the slider toward the outside of the U-shaped member.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, an adaptive stretching clamp for small-sized samples of elastic thin sheets is provided. The clamp can easily place and clamp the thin sheet by moving the clamping block up and down, and the tightness of the automatic compensation part is adjusted by tightening the screw to reserve pushing elastic force for the slider to slide toward the opening of the U-shaped part. When the thin sheet is deformed due to stretching, the slider can continue to provide a firm clamp for the thin sheet by automatically sliding toward the opening of the U-shaped part. The clamp has a simple structure and has the advantages of low cost, easy operation and good clamping effect.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: the clamping block is fixed on the vertical rod, the vertical rod is slidably arranged in the vertical through hole of the upper arm of the U-shaped part, a locking rod is arranged in the axial through hole of the upper arm, the axial through hole of the upper arm is connected with the vertical through hole, and a limiting structure is correspondingly arranged between the inner end of the locking rod and the side wall of the vertical rod.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, a limiting device is provided for the vertical rod fixed with the pressing block, and the limiting device can laterally limit the vertical movement of the vertical rod, which has the advantages of reasonable design, simple operation and good limiting effect.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: vertical plates are provided on the left and right sides of the clamping block, the inner side of the upper edge of the vertical plates is in contact with the left and right sides of the upper arms, the inner side of the lower edge of the vertical plates is in contact with the left and right sides of the slider, more than two strip holes are provided on the vertical plates, the strip holes are parallel to the fitting surfaces of the slider and the clamping block, and positioning pins that slide in cooperation with the strip holes are provided on the left and right sides of the slider.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, vertical plates that are in contact with the upper arms of the U-shaped member and the slider are arranged on the left and right sides of the clamping block. The vertical plates can vertically guide and laterally limit the clamping block, the slider and the upper arms of the U-shaped member, which can effectively ensure that the clamping block and the slider move according to the designed route, and can effectively improve the accuracy of the clamping adjustment and the service life of the clamp.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: an upward-pushing compression spring is provided between the lower end of the strip hole and the positioning pin.

[0014] By adopting the above technical scheme, an upward push compression spring is arranged between the lower end of the strip hole and the positioning pin. The upward push compression spring can keep the slider in an upward state when the clamping block is suspended, which can effectively ensure that the slider moves downward with the clamping block to clamp the thin film in the initial stage. The slider will not slide due to the continued downward movement of the clamping block, which can effectively avoid the situation where the end of the thin film is pulled due to the downward movement of the clamping block before the tensile test, and can effectively ensure the accuracy of the subsequent tensile test.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as follows: vertical connecting pieces are provided at the front ends of the left and right sides of the two side arms of the U-shaped piece, the vertical connecting pieces connect the two side arms of the U-shaped piece, and the rear edge of the vertical connecting piece is in sliding contact with the front edge of the vertical plate.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, vertical connecting pieces that are in sliding contact with the vertical plate are arranged on the left and right sides of the front ends of the two side arms of the U-shaped piece. This design can limit the clamping block in the horizontal direction, effectively share the horizontal force borne by the vertical rod, and effectively improve the service life of the vertical rod.

[0017] The present invention is further configured as follows: the automatic compensating part includes a large sleeve and a small sleeve that are mutually sleeved, and a compression spring compressed in the large sleeve and the small sleeve, a spring seal is provided at one end of the large sleeve away from the small sleeve, and an inverted limiting convex edge is provided at one end close to the small sleeve, a spring seal is provided at one end of the small sleeve away from the large sleeve, and an outward limiting convex edge is provided at one end close to the large sleeve. A mark indicating that the elastic force after compression is greater than the maximum elastic force of the compression spring in the strip hole can be provided on the side wall of the small sleeve, and the compression state of the automatic compensating part must make the elastic force of the automatic compensating part after compression greater than a certain value of the maximum elastic force of the compression spring in the strip hole, so that the adaptive sliding of the slider can be achieved by gradually releasing the elastic force stored in the automatic compensating part.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, a specific automatic compensation part is provided.

[0019] The present invention is further configured as follows: the lower side arm of the U-shaped member of the fixed clamping assembly is fixed on the base, and the lower side arm of the U-shaped member of the sliding clamping assembly is slidably arranged on the sliding groove of the base through a clamping member.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the installation method of the lower side wall of the U-shaped member of the fixed clamping assembly and the sliding clamping assembly is limited.

[0021] The present invention is further configured as follows: the stretching drive device comprises a drive motor and a screw micrometer, and the screw micrometer is used to connect the drive motor and the U-shaped piece of the sliding clamping assembly.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the specific driving method of the sliding clamping assembly is limited.

[0023] The present invention is further configured as follows: a positioning locking structure on the base is provided on the lower side arm of the U-shaped member of the sliding clamping assembly. The positioning locking structure can be a positioning bolt screwed on the lower side arm of the U-shaped member, and the U-shaped member and the base can be fixed by rotating the bolt.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, a manual positioning and locking structure is provided for the sliding clamping assembly, which facilitates the accuracy of subsequent observation.

[0025] The present invention is further configured as follows: an electric heating device is provided in the slide groove between the fixed clamping assembly and the sliding clamping assembly.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, an electric heating device is added in the slide groove between the fixed clamping component and the sliding clamping component. This design can meet various usage requirements of the clamp and effectively improve the versatility of the clamp.

[0027] The main beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. The clamp of the present invention can realize easy placement and clamping of the thin sheet by moving the pressing block up and down, and then adjust the tightness of the automatic compensation part by tightening the screw to reserve pushing elastic force for the slider to slide toward the opening of the U-shaped part. When the thin sheet is deformed due to stretching, the slider can continue to provide a firm clamp for the thin sheet by automatically sliding toward the opening of the U-shaped part. The clamp has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, easy operation and good clamping effect.

[0029] 2. The clamp of the present invention is provided with vertical plates on the left and right sides of the clamping block, which are in contact with the upper arms of the U-shaped member and the slider at the same time. The vertical plates can vertically guide and laterally limit the clamping block, the slider and the upper arms of the U-shaped member, which can effectively ensure that the clamping block and the slider move according to the designed route, and can effectively improve the accuracy of the clamping adjustment and the service life of the clamp.

[0030] 3. The clamp of the present invention is provided with an upward push compression spring between the lower end of the strip hole and the positioning pin. The upward push compression spring can keep the slider in an upward state when the clamping block is suspended, which can effectively ensure that the slider moves downward with the clamping block to clamp the thin sheet in the initial stage. The slider will not slide due to the continued downward movement of the clamping block, which can effectively avoid the situation where the end of the thin sheet is pulled due to the downward movement of the clamping block before the tensile test, and can effectively ensure the accuracy of the subsequent tensile test.

[0031] 4. The clamp of the present invention is provided with vertical connecting pieces that are in sliding contact with the vertical plate on the left and right sides of the front ends of the two side arms of the U-shaped piece. This design can limit the clamping block in the horizontal direction, effectively share the horizontal force borne by the vertical rod, and effectively improve the service life of the vertical rod.

[0032] 5. The clamp of the present invention is provided with an electric heating device in the slide groove between the fixed clamping component and the sliding clamping component. This design can meet various usage requirements of the clamp and can effectively improve the versatility of the clamp. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the appearance of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0037] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0038] In the figure, 1, base; 11, slide groove; 2', fixed clamping assembly; 2 ", sliding clamping assembly; 21, U-shaped member; 211, clamping member; 22, locking rod; 23, vertical rod; 24, vertical plate; 241, bar hole; 242, push-up compression spring; 25, pressing block; 26, slider; 261, positioning pin; 27, vertical connecting member; 28, automatic compensation member; 281, small sleeve; 282, large sleeve; 283, compression spring; 29, screw; 4, thin sheet; 5, electric heating device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Embodiment 1:

[0041] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an adaptive stretching clamp for small-sized samples of elastic sheets includes a base 1, a fixed clamping assembly 2′ arranged on the base 1, and a sliding clamping assembly 2″ slidably arranged on the base 1. The sliding of the sliding clamping assembly 2″ on the base 1 is driven by a stretching drive device, and the fixed clamping assembly 2′ and the sliding clamping assembly 2″ both include a U-shaped member 21, a clamping block 25, a slider 26 and an automatic compensation member 28. The lower side arm of the U-shaped member 21 of the fixed clamping assembly 2′ is fixed to the base 1, and the lower side arm of the U-shaped member 21 of the sliding clamping assembly 2″ is slidably arranged on the slide groove 11 of the base 1 through a clamping member 211. The stretching drive device includes a driving motor and a screw micrometer, and the screw micrometer is used to connect the driving motor and the U-shaped member 21 of the sliding clamping assembly 2″. A positioning and locking structure on the base 1 is provided on the lower side arm of the U-shaped member 21 of the sliding clamping assembly 2″. An electric heating device 5 is arranged in the slide groove 11 between the fixed clamping assembly 2 ′ and the sliding clamping assembly 21 .

[0042] On the base 1, the openings of the U-shaped member 21 of the fixed clamping assembly 2' and the sliding clamping assembly 2" are arranged facing each other, the pressing block 25 is vertically installed in the vertical through hole of the upper side arm of the U-shaped member 21, and the slider 26 is hoisted below the pressing block 25. The contact surface between the pressing block 25 and the slider 26 is an inclined surface inclined toward the outer lower side of the opening of the U-shaped member 21. The lower surface of the slider 26 and the upper surface of the lower side arm of the U-shaped member 21 are thin sheet clamping surfaces. The automatic compensation member 28 is placed on the connecting part of the two side arms of the U-shaped member 21 through the screw 29. The screw rod 29 is screwed through the screw hole of the connection part. When the slider 26 moves vertically downward to clamp the sheet 4, the screw rod 29 is rotated, and the slider 26 can be pushed toward the opening of the U-shaped member 1 through the automatic compensation member 28. The clamping block 25 is fixed on the vertical rod 23, and the vertical rod 23 is slidably arranged in the vertical through hole of the upper arm of the U-shaped member 21. The locking rod 22 is arranged in the axial through hole of the upper arm, and the axial through hole of the upper arm is connected to the vertical through hole. A limiting structure is correspondingly arranged between the inner end of the locking rod 22 and the side wall of the vertical rod 23.

[0043] Vertical plates 24 are provided on the left and right sides of the clamping block 25. The inner side of the upper edge of the vertical plate 24 is in contact with the left and right sides of the upper arm, and the inner side of the lower edge of the vertical plate 24 is in contact with the left and right sides of the slider 26. More than two strip holes 241 are provided on the vertical plate 24. The strip holes 241 are parallel to the fitting surfaces of the slider 26 and the clamping block 25. Positioning pins 261 that slide with the strip holes 241 are provided on the left and right sides of the slider 26, and an upward compression spring 242 is provided between the lower end of the strip hole 241 and the positioning pin 261.

[0044] Vertical connecting members 27 are provided at the front ends of the left and right sides of the two side arms of the U-shaped member 21 . The vertical connecting members 27 connect the two side arms of the U-shaped member 21 . The rear edge of the vertical connecting member 27 is in sliding contact with the front edge of the vertical plate 24 .

[0045] The automatic compensation part 28 includes a large sleeve 282 and a small sleeve 281 which are socketed with each other, and a compression spring 283 compressed in the large sleeve 282 and the small sleeve 281. A spring seal is provided at one end of the large sleeve 282 away from the small sleeve 281, and an inward-turned limiting ridge is provided at one end close to the small sleeve 281. A spring seal is provided at one end of the small sleeve 281 away from the large sleeve 282, and an outward-turned limiting ridge is provided at one end close to the large sleeve 282.

[0046] How it works:

[0047] Rotate the screw rod 29 forward to disengage the automatic compensating part 28 from the slider 26; pull the locking rod 22 outward to release the limit on the vertical rod 23; lift the vertical rod 23 to realize the upward movement of the clamping block 25, the slider 26 and the vertical plate 24 as a whole (in this process, the slider 26 moves up to the highest position of the inclined surface of the clamping block 25 under the action of the upward push-up compression spring 242); place one end of the thin film 4 between the slider 26 and the lower side arm of the U-shaped part 21; press the vertical rod 23 downward, the clamping block 25, the slider 26 and the vertical plate 24 move downward as a whole, and the slider 26 and the lower side arm of the U-shaped part 21 realize the preliminary clamping of the end of the thin film 4; rotate the screw 29 in the opposite direction, the screw 29 pushes the automatic compensating part 28 to squeeze the slider 26 from the rear, until the mark on the automatic compensating part 28 shows that the elastic force of the automatic compensating part 28 is greater than the maximum elastic force setting range value of the upward push-up compression spring 242, and then stop rotating the screw 29. By adopting this method, the fixed clamping assembly 2' and the sliding clamping assembly 2" can clamp the ends of the thin sheet 4 respectively. When the thin sheet 4 is loosened due to tensile deformation, the automatic compensation member 28 with a large elastic force reserves pushes the slider 26 to move toward the opening of the U-shaped member 21 by releasing elastic potential energy, thereby effectively avoiding the loosening of the end clamping of the thin sheet 4 due to tensile deformation, and effectively improving the accuracy of the tensile test.

[0048] The driving motor drives the micrometer screw to extend and retract to realize the sliding of the sliding clamping assembly 2 ″ along the sliding groove 11 on the base 1. Of course, the sliding of the sliding clamping assembly 2 ″ can also be driven by other power devices.

[0049] The electric heating device 5 in the slide groove 11 of the base 1 can be turned on or off as needed to meet the needs of different test requirements.

Claims

1. An adaptive stretching fixture for small-size samples of elastic sheets, characterized by: The invention comprises a base (1), a fixed clamping assembly (2') arranged on the base (1), and a sliding clamping assembly (2") arranged slidably on the base (1); the sliding of the sliding clamping assembly (2") on the base (1) is driven by a stretching drive device; the fixed clamping assembly (2') and the sliding clamping assembly (2") both comprise a U-shaped member (21), a pressing block (25), a sliding block (26) and an automatic compensating member (28); on the base (1), the openings of the U-shaped members (21) of the fixed clamping assembly (2') and the sliding clamping assembly (2") are arranged facing each other; the pressing block (25) is vertically mounted on a vertical through hole of an upper side arm of the U-shaped member (21) The slider (26) is suspended below the clamping block (25), and the fitting surface between the clamping block (25) and the slider (26) is an inclined surface inclined toward the outer and lower side of the opening of the U-shaped member (21). The lower surface of the slider (26) and the upper surface of the lower arm of the U-shaped member (21) are the thin film clamping surfaces. The automatic compensating member (28) is arranged on the connecting part of the two side arms of the U-shaped member (21) through a screw rod (29), and the screw rod (29) is spirally passed through the screw hole of the connecting part. When the slider (26) moves vertically downward to clamp the thin film (4), the screw rod (29) is rotated forward, so that the automatic compensating member (28) can apply a thrust to the slider (26) toward the opening of the U-shaped member (1).

2. The self-adaptive stretching fixture for elastic thin sheet small-size samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping block (25) is fixed on the vertical rod (23), and the vertical rod (23) is slidably arranged in the vertical through hole of the upper arm of the U-shaped member (21). A locking rod (22) is arranged in the axial through hole of the upper arm, and the axial through hole of the upper arm is connected to the vertical through hole. A limiting structure is correspondingly arranged between the inner end of the locking rod (22) and the side wall of the vertical rod (23).

3. The self-adaptive stretching fixture for elastic thin sheet small-size samples according to claim 2, characterized in that: Vertical plates (24) are arranged on the left and right sides of the clamping block (25), the inner side of the upper edge of the vertical plate (24) is in contact with the left and right sides of the upper arm, and the inner side of the lower edge of the vertical plate (24) is in contact with the left and right sides of the slider (26). More than two strip holes (241) are arranged on the vertical plate (24), and the strip holes (241) are parallel to the contact surfaces of the slider (26) and the clamping block (25). Positioning pins (261) that slidably cooperate with the strip holes (241) are arranged on the left and right sides of the slider (26).

4. The self-adaptive stretching fixture for small-size elastic sheet samples according to claim 3, characterized in that: An upward-pushing compression spring (242) is provided between the lower end of the bar hole (241) and the positioning pin (261).

5. The self-adaptive stretching fixture for elastic thin sheet small-size samples according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front ends of the left and right sides of the two side arms of the U-shaped member (21) are both provided with vertical connecting members (27), the vertical connecting members (27) connect the two side arms of the U-shaped member (21), and the rear edge of the vertical connecting member (27) is in sliding contact with the front edge of the vertical plate (24).

6. The self-adaptive stretching fixture for small-size elastic sheet samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic compensating member (28) comprises a large sleeve (282) and a small sleeve (281) which are sleeved with each other, and a compression spring (283) compressed in the large sleeve (282) and the small sleeve (281); a spring sealing member is arranged at one end of the large sleeve (282) away from the small sleeve (281), and an inward-turned limiting convex edge is arranged at one end close to the small sleeve (281); a spring sealing member is arranged at one end of the small sleeve (281) away from the large sleeve (282), and an outward-turned limiting convex edge is arranged at one end close to the large sleeve (282).

7. The self-adaptive stretching fixture for small-size elastic sheet samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower side arm of the U-shaped member (21) of the fixed clamping assembly (2') is fixed on the base (1), and the lower side arm of the U-shaped member (21) of the sliding clamping assembly (2") is slidably arranged on the sliding groove (11) of the base (1) through a clamping member (211).

8. The self-adaptive stretching fixture for elastic thin sheet small-size samples according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stretching drive device comprises a drive motor and a micrometer screw, wherein the micrometer screw is used to connect the drive motor and a U-shaped piece (21) of a sliding clamping assembly (2″).

9. The self-adaptive stretching fixture for small-size elastic sheet samples according to claim 8, characterized in that: A positioning locking structure on the base (1) is arranged on the lower side arm of the U-shaped member (21) of the sliding clamping assembly (2″).

10. The self-adaptive stretching fixture for small-size elastic sheet samples according to claim 9, characterized in that: An electric heating device (5) is arranged in the slide groove (11) between the fixed clamping assembly (2') and the sliding clamping assembly (21).

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