Structure for reducing pressure drop in liquid cladding multi-coupling pipeline and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid cladding multi-coupling pipeline and a use method thereof.The structure comprises a pressure balance gap formed in each coupling Hartmann wall face of the multi-coupling pipeline, the multi-coupling pipeline is formed by arranging conductive pipelines of the same size in the same direction, the adjacent conductive pipelines share a conductive wall face, and the pressure balance gap is formed in each coupling Hartmann wall face of the multi-coupling pipeline. And the external magnetic field is arranged along the arrangement direction of the pipelines, so that the common conductive wall surfaces between the adjacent pipelines are coupling Hartmann wall surfaces. The pressure balance seam is formed in the coupling Hartmann wall face in the multi-coupling pipeline structure, a new path is provided for the liquid metal to flow to the next adjacent pipeline, n pipelines are changed into one pipeline to a certain degree, the half width parallel to a magnetic field is increased, meanwhile, the induced potential in the multi-coupling pipeline can be reduced, and the liquid metal can flow to the next adjacent pipeline through the pressure balance seam. Therefore, the pressure drop of the liquid metal in the multi-coupling pipeline is reduced, the problem that the pressure drop in the current multi-coupling pipeline is too large is effectively solved, and the engineering application of the liquid cladding is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fusion reactor blanket, and in particular to a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a multi-coupled pipeline of a liquid blanket and a method for using the structure. Background Art

[0002] Liquid blanket is seen as a promising solution in fusion reactor blanket design because of its many potential advantages, including providing a higher tritium breeding ratio, higher thermal efficiency, low operating pressure and simple structure. However, when conductive liquid breeding materials (such as liquid metals) move in the strong magnetic field that confines fusion plasma, their performance is inevitably affected by the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effect. The Lorentz force generated by this interaction changes the velocity distribution and thus affects the flow characteristics. In addition, the associated MHD pressure drop is usually significantly increased, often 10 times higher than the traditional hydraulic pressure drop. 4 times.

[0003] In the complex modules of fusion reactor blanket, a common structure is that multiple conductive pipes are connected in series and parallel to form coolant channels. This design is widely used in liquid blanket design concepts, such as double-cooled lithium-lead blanket (DCLL), helium-cooled lithium-lead blanket (HCLL) and water-cooled lithium-lead blanket (WCLL). In actual fusion reactors, multiple conductive pipes usually share conductive walls, which makes it possible for induced currents to flow into adjacent channels through the coupling walls, forming a phenomenon called leakage current. In addition, at the coupled conductive walls, the positive and negative poles generated by the induction may be connected, resulting in the generation of short-circuit current, which will significantly change the velocity and pressure distribution. Compared with a single uncoupled tube, this structure will produce a higher pressure drop and may induce reverse flow. This phenomenon is called the MHD coupling effect.

[0004] In the study of the pressure drop in related multi-coupled pipes, when the pipe aspect ratio (b / a) is 1, the results show that when the number of coupled pipes is 2, the coupled pressure drop caused by the coupling effect is about 10 times that of a single pipe; and when the number of coupled pipes increases to 3, the coupled pressure drop increases to 18 times that of a single pipe. This significant pressure drop will seriously limit the economic feasibility of liquid blankets, so it is particularly important to solve the pressure drop problem in multi-coupled pipes.

[0005] Currently, methods to reduce the pressure drop of conductive pipes include adding insulating coatings and insulating inserts (FCI) in the pipes. However, these methods are limited by materials and processing technology in engineering applications, and their feasibility may be poor, and they have not yet been verified in actual fusion reactor blanket experiments. Therefore, designing a new coupling pipe structure to reduce the coupling pressure drop is of great significance in the engineering application of fusion reactor liquid blanket.

[0006] In view of this, this application is hereby filed. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a multi-coupled pipeline of a liquid blanket and a method of using the structure. By opening a pressure balance gap on the coupled Hartmann wall surface in the multi-coupled pipeline structure, a new path is provided for the liquid metal to flow to the next adjacent pipeline, and to a certain extent, n pipelines are turned into one pipeline, increasing the half width parallel to the magnetic field. At the same time, the induced potential in the multi-coupled pipeline will be reduced, thereby helping to reduce the pressure drop of the liquid metal in the multi-coupled pipeline, thereby effectively solving the current problem of excessive pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline and promoting the engineering application of liquid blanket.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline, including a pressure balancing slot opened on each coupled Hartmann wall surface of the multi-coupled pipeline, wherein the multi-coupled pipelines are conductive pipelines of the same size arranged in the same direction, and adjacent conductive pipelines share conductive walls, and the external magnetic fields are all along the pipeline arrangement direction, so the shared conductive walls between adjacent pipelines are all coupled Hartmann walls.

[0010] In a specific embodiment, the pressure balancing seam is a transverse seam, and the transverse seam is provided at the connection position of the coupling Hartmann wall surface and the side wall surface of the pipeline;

[0011] The coupled Hartmann wall is a wall perpendicular to the direction of the external magnetic field;

[0012] The side wall surface is the side wall surface of the conductive pipe parallel to the direction of the external magnetic field.

[0013] In a specific implementation, each coupled Hartmann wall is provided with two transverse slits, and the two transverse slits are respectively located at the top and the bottom of the coupled Hartmann wall.

[0014] The present invention sets two transverse slits at the top and bottom of the coupled Hartmann wall, and the positions are connected to the upper and lower side walls of the pipeline. Because the MHD effect will cause a jet to appear on the side wall, the jet value can be effectively reduced at this position, thereby playing a role in alleviating the pressure drop. However, due to the large cross-sectional area of ​​the transverse slit, a large amount of liquid metal will flow from it to the next pipeline. If the number of transverse slits continues to increase, the liquid metal may enter the next pipeline before flowing through the subsequent pipeline. Therefore, the number of transverse slits is limited to two.

[0015] In a specific embodiment, the dimensionless size of the transverse seam is:

[0016] Among them, X is the flow direction of liquid metal, Y is parallel to the magnetic field, Z is perpendicular to the magnetic field, L is the length of the pipeline in the multi-coupled pipeline structure, C w is the dimensionless wall conductivity, σ w is the conductivity of the wall, σ is the conductivity of the fluid, a is the half-width perpendicular to the magnetic field, and b is the half-width parallel to the magnetic field.

[0017] In a specific embodiment, the pressure balancing seam is a vertical seam, which is opened on the coupled Hartmann wall surface, and the vertical seam is spaced the same distance from the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the conductive pipe.

[0018] In a specific embodiment, the dimensionless size of the vertical seam is:

[0019] Among them, X is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction, Y is parallel to the magnetic field direction, Z is the flow direction of liquid metal, L is the inner pipe length of the multi-coupled pipe, C w is the dimensionless wall conductivity, σ w is the conductivity of the wall, σ is the conductivity of the fluid, a is the half width perpendicular to the magnetic field, and b is the half width parallel to the magnetic field. Among them, the number of vertical slits opened is Q ≥ n-1, n is the number of multi-coupled pipes, and the number of coupled Hartmann walls is n-1, that is, at least one vertical slit is opened on each coupled Hartmann wall.

[0020] In a specific implementation, the spacing distance ΔZ of the vertical slits in the Z direction needs to satisfy: 3.2b<ΔZ<L.

[0021] The structure for reducing the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline of the liquid blanket of the present invention provides a new path for the liquid metal to flow to the next adjacent pipeline by opening a pressure balance slot on the coupled Hartmann wall surface in the multi-coupled pipeline structure, which helps to alleviate the pressure drop; the multi-coupled pipeline structure originally has n pipelines, and due to the addition of the pressure balance slot, a part of the liquid metal can directly enter the next pipeline through the pressure balance slot, so that to a certain extent, the n pipelines become one pipeline, which is equivalent to increasing the half width b parallel to the magnetic field. According to the dimensionless pressure gradient calculation formula: In this way, the dimensionless pressure gradient will be reduced, that is, the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline will be reduced. In addition, after the pressure balance gap is opened, the induced potential in the multi-coupled pipeline will be reduced, thereby weakening the coupling effect, and finally further reducing the coupling pressure drop.

[0022] In a specific implementation, the number n of pipes in the multi-coupled pipe structure is: n≥2.

[0023] In a specific implementation, the inner pipe size 2a×2b of the multi-coupled pipe needs to satisfy: 0.01m<a<0.2m, 0.01m<b<0.2m; the inner pipe length L of the multi-coupled pipe needs to satisfy: 0.01m<L<2m.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, the material used for the wall of the multi-coupled pipeline includes low-activated ferrite-martensitic steel RAFM, ​​ODS steel or Inconel718.

[0025] In a specific embodiment, the dimensionless wall conductivity C w Need to meet: 0.01≤c w ≤0.5.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for using a structure for reducing pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline, comprising the following steps:

[0027] (1) A magnetic field is applied to the multi-coupled pipeline structure, and the liquid metal enters the inlet of the multi-coupled pipeline at a certain initial velocity;

[0028] (2) The liquid metal passes through the coupled straight pipe section of the coupled pipeline, and part of the liquid metal passes through the U-shaped turning section with a 180° turn and enters the next coupled straight pipe section;

[0029] (3) Another part of the liquid metal enters the next coupled straight pipe section through the pressure balance slit. The liquid metal flows through n coupled straight pipe sections and n-1 U-turn sections in the multi-coupled pipeline, and finally flows out from the outlet.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the liquid metal includes lithium or an alloy containing lithium.

[0031] In a specific implementation, the magnetic induction intensity of the external magnetic field of the multi-coupled pipeline structure is 0T to 10T.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the flow rate of the liquid metal at the inlet of the multi-coupled pipeline is 0.0001 m / s to 1 m / s.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The structure and method for using the structure for reducing the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline of the liquid blanket provided in the embodiment of the present invention provide a new path for the liquid metal to flow to the next adjacent pipeline by opening a pressure balancing gap on the coupled Hartmann wall surface in the multi-coupled pipeline structure, which helps to alleviate the pressure drop;

[0035] 2. The structure and method for using the structure for reducing the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline of the liquid blanket provided by the embodiment of the present invention, due to the addition of the pressure balance slit, a part of the liquid metal can directly enter the next pipeline through the pressure balance slit, thus to a certain extent, the multiple pipelines of the multi-coupled pipeline structure are transformed into one pipeline, which is equivalent to increasing the half width b parallel to the magnetic field, and the dimensionless pressure gradient will be reduced, thereby reducing the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline;

[0036] 3. The structure and method for using the structure for reducing the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline of liquid blanket provided in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the induced potential in the multi-coupled pipeline after the pressure balance seam is opened, thereby helping to reduce the pressure drop of the liquid metal in the multi-coupled pipeline, thereby effectively solving the problem of excessive pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline and promoting the engineering application of liquid blanket;

[0037] 4. The structure and method of use for reducing the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline of the liquid blanket provided in the embodiment of the present invention can greatly reduce the coupled MHD pressure drop in the pipeline, and the implementation method is simple and easy to process, which solves the problem that the liquid blanket may not have suitable pumping power due to excessive pressure drop in actual engineering applications, and further improves the economy of the blanket in the fusion reactor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline provided in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline provided in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline provided in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline provided in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline provided in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 The internal pressure drop distribution of the structure for reducing the pressure drop in the liquid cladding coupling pipeline provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 The internal pressure drop distribution of the structure for reducing the pressure drop in the liquid cladding coupling pipeline provided in Embodiment 2-4 of the present invention;

[0047] Fig. 9 The internal pressure drop distribution of the structure for reducing the pressure drop in the liquid cladding coupling pipeline provided in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.10 The internal pressure drop distribution of the structure for reducing the pressure drop in the liquid cladding coupling pipeline provided in Example 6 of the present invention.

[0049] Drawings and parts markings:

[0050] 01-inlet, 02-coupling straight pipe section, 03-U-turn section, 04-pressure balance joint, 05-outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0052] In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details need not be employed to practice the present invention. In other embodiments, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention, well-known materials or methods are not specifically described.

[0053] Throughout the specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment or example. In addition, particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combination and / or sub-combination. In addition, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “up”, “down”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “high”, “low”, “inside” and “outside” are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline, including a pressure balancing slit 04 opened on each coupled Hartmann wall surface of the multi-coupled pipeline, wherein the multi-coupled pipelines are conductive pipelines of the same size arranged in the same direction, and adjacent conductive pipelines share conductive walls, and the external magnetic fields are all along the pipeline arrangement direction, so the conductive walls shared by adjacent pipelines are all coupled Hartmann walls.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the pressure balancing seam 04 is a transverse seam, and the transverse seam is opened at the connection position of the coupling Hartmann wall and the side wall of the pipeline;

[0057] The coupled Hartmann wall is a wall perpendicular to the direction of the external magnetic field;

[0058] The side wall surface is the side wall surface of the conductive pipe parallel to the direction of the external magnetic field.

[0059] In a specific implementation, each coupled Hartmann wall is provided with two transverse slits, and the two transverse slits are respectively located at the top and the bottom of the coupled Hartmann wall.

[0060] The present invention sets two transverse slits at the top and bottom of the coupled Hartmann wall, and the positions are connected to the upper and lower side walls of the pipeline. Because the MHD effect will cause a jet to appear on the side wall, the jet value can be effectively reduced at this position, thereby playing a role in alleviating the pressure drop. However, due to the large cross-sectional area of ​​the transverse slit, a large amount of liquid metal will flow from it to the next pipeline. If the number of transverse slits continues to increase, the liquid metal may enter the next pipeline before flowing through the subsequent pipeline. Therefore, the number of transverse slits is limited to two. In a specific embodiment, the dimensionless size of the transverse slit is:

[0061] Among them, X is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction, Y is parallel to the magnetic field direction, Z is the flow direction of liquid metal, L is the length of the pipeline in the multi-coupled pipeline structure, C w is the dimensionless wall conductivity, σ w is the conductivity of the wall, σ is the conductivity of the fluid, a is the half-width perpendicular to the magnetic field, and b is the half-width parallel to the magnetic field.

[0062] In a specific embodiment, the pressure balancing seam (04) is a vertical seam, which is opened on the coupled Hartmann wall surface, and the vertical seam is spaced the same distance from the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the conductive pipe.

[0063] In a specific embodiment, the dimensionless size of the vertical seam is:

[0064] Among them, X is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction, Y is parallel to the magnetic field direction, Z is the flow direction of liquid metal, L is the inner pipe length of the multi-coupled pipe, C w is the dimensionless wall conductivity, σ w is the conductivity of the wall, σ is the conductivity of the fluid, a is the half width perpendicular to the magnetic field, and b is the half width parallel to the magnetic field. Among them, the number of vertical slits opened is Q ≥ n-1, n is the number of multi-coupled pipes, and the number of coupled Hartmann walls is n-1, that is, at least one vertical slit is opened on each coupled Hartmann wall.

[0065] In a specific implementation, the spacing distance ΔZ of the vertical slits in the Z direction needs to satisfy: 3.2b<ΔZ<L.

[0066] The structure for reducing the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline of the liquid blanket of the present invention provides a new path for the liquid metal to flow to the next adjacent pipeline by opening a pressure balance slot on the coupled Hartmann wall surface in the multi-coupled pipeline structure, which helps to alleviate the pressure drop; the multi-coupled pipeline structure originally has n pipelines, and due to the addition of the pressure balance slot, a part of the liquid metal can directly enter the next pipeline through the pressure balance slot, so that to a certain extent, the n pipelines become one pipeline, which is equivalent to increasing the half width b parallel to the magnetic field. According to the dimensionless pressure gradient calculation formula: In this way, the dimensionless pressure gradient will be reduced, that is, the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline will be reduced. In addition, after the pressure balance gap is opened, the induced potential in the multi-coupled pipeline will be reduced, thereby weakening the coupling effect, and finally further reducing the coupling pressure drop.

[0067] In a specific implementation, the number n of pipes in the multi-coupled pipe structure is: n≥2.

[0068] In a specific implementation, the inner pipe size 2a×2b of the multi-coupled pipe needs to satisfy: 0.01mm<a<0.2m, 0.01m<b<0.2m; the inner pipe length L of the multi-coupled pipe needs to satisfy: 0.01m<L<2m.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, the material used for the wall of the multi-coupled pipeline includes low-activated ferrite-martensitic steel RAFM, ​​ODS steel or Inconel718.

[0070] In a specific embodiment, the dimensionless wall conductivity C w Need to meet: 0.01≤c w ≤0.5.

[0071] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for using a structure for reducing pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline, comprising the following steps:

[0072] (1) A magnetic field is applied to the multi-coupled pipeline structure, and the liquid metal enters the inlet 01 of the multi-coupled pipeline at a certain initial velocity;

[0073] (2) The liquid metal passes through the coupled straight pipe section 02 of the coupled pipeline, and a portion of the liquid metal passes through the U-shaped turning section 03 that turns 180° and enters the next coupled straight pipe section 02;

[0074] (3) Another part of the liquid metal enters the next coupled straight pipe section 02 through the pressure balance slit 04. The liquid metal flows through n coupled straight pipe sections and n-1 U-turn sections in the multi-coupled pipeline, and finally flows out from the outlet 05.

[0075] In a specific embodiment, the liquid metal includes lithium or an alloy containing lithium.

[0076] In a specific implementation, the magnetic induction intensity of the external magnetic field of the multi-coupled pipeline structure is 0T to 10T.

[0077] In a specific embodiment, the flow rate of the liquid metal at the inlet of the multi-coupled pipeline is 0.0001 m / s to 1 m / s.

[0078] Example 1

[0079] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline, which is composed of three coupled pipes 02, and adjacent coupled straight pipe sections 02 are connected by a U-shaped turning section 03. Each pipeline has a=0.005m, b=0.04m, and L=0.1m. The pipelines are all made of ferritic steel (RAFM) as the pipe wall material. The dimensionless wall conductivity coefficient c w =0.1. The pressure balance joint is a transverse joint, and the specific dimensions in the X, Y and Z directions are: 0.07m, 0.004m and 0.0005m. The coordinates of the pressure balance joint are shown in Table 1 below.

[0080] Table 1

[0081]

[0082] The method of using the above-mentioned flow channel structure is as follows: the strength of the external magnetic field is 4T. The liquid metal LiPb alloy enters the coupling straight pipe section 02 through the inlet 01 at an initial flow rate of 0.001m / s, and then one of the paths is to enter the next coupling pipe through the U-turn section 03, and the other path is to enter the next coupling pipe through the pressure balance slit 04, and finally flows out from the outlet 05. The pipeline structure and the corresponding parameter settings can be used in the HCLL cladding. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the numerical simulation results show that the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline is greatly reduced after adding the pressure balance seam, and is even lower than that in a single uncoupled pipe.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] like Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline, which is composed of four coupled pipes 02, and adjacent coupled straight pipe sections 02 are connected by a U-shaped turning section 03. Each pipeline has a=0.05m, b=0.05m, and L=0.2m. The pipelines are all made of ferritic steel (RAFM) as the pipe wall material. The dimensionless wall conductivity coefficient c w =0.01. The pressure balance joint is a transverse joint, and the specific dimensions in the X, Y and Z directions are: 0.14m, 0.0005m and 0.005m. The coordinates of the pressure balance joint are shown in Table 2 below.

[0085] Table 2

[0086]

[0087] The method of using the above flow channel structure is: the external magnetic field strength is 1T. The liquid metal LiPb alloy enters the coupling straight pipe section 02 through the inlet 01 at an initial flow rate of 0.0002m / s, and then one of the paths is to enter the next coupling pipe through the U-turn section 03, and the other path is to enter the next coupling pipe through the pressure balance slit 04, and finally flows out from the outlet 05. The pipeline structure and the corresponding parameter settings can be used in the WCLL cladding. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, after adding the pressure balance seam, the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline is greatly reduced, and can even be reduced to 0.5 times that of a single uncoupled pipe.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] like Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline, which is composed of four coupled pipes 02, and adjacent coupled straight pipe sections 02 are connected by a U-shaped turning section 03. Each pipeline has a=0.05m, b=0.05m, and L=0.2m. The pipelines are all made of ferritic steel (RAFM) as the pipe wall material. The dimensionless wall conductivity coefficient c w =0.01. The pressure balance joint is a vertical joint, and the specific dimensions in the X, Y and Z directions are: 0.004m, 0.0005m and 0.08m. The coordinates of the pressure balance joint are shown in Table 3 below.

[0090] Table 3

[0091]

[0092] The method of using the above-mentioned flow channel structure is the same as that of the embodiment 2. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, after adding the pressure balance seam, the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline is reduced, and the maximum pressure drop in the coupled pipe is reduced from 17 times of the original single uncoupled pipe to about 10 times.

[0093] Example 4

[0094] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline, which is composed of four coupled pipes 02, and adjacent coupled straight pipe sections 02 are connected by a U-shaped turning section 03. Each pipeline has a=0.05m, b=0.05m, and L=0.2m. The pipelines are all made of ferritic steel (RAFM) as the pipe wall material. The dimensionless wall conductivity coefficient c w =0.01. The pressure balance joint is a vertical joint, and the specific dimensions in the X, Y and Z directions are: 0.004m, 0.0005m and 0.08m. The coordinates of the pressure balance joint are shown in Table 4 below.

[0095] Table 4

[0096]

[0097] The method of using the above-mentioned flow channel structure is the same as that of the embodiment 2. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, after adding the pressure balance seam, the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline is reduced, and the maximum pressure drop in the coupled pipe is reduced from 17 times of the original single uncoupled pipe to about 5 times.

[0098] Example 5

[0099] like Figure 5 and Fig. 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline, which is composed of three coupled pipes 02, and adjacent coupled straight pipe sections 02 are connected by a U-shaped turning section 03. Each pipeline has a=0.08m, b=0.02m, and L=0.5m. The pipelines all use ODS steel as the pipe wall material. The dimensionless wall conductivity coefficient c w =0.5. The pressure balance joint is a transverse joint, and the specific dimensions in the X, Y and Z directions are: 0.35m, 0.01m and 0.008m. The coordinates of the pressure balance joint are shown in Table 5 below.

[0100] Table 5

[0101]

[0102] The method of using the above flow channel structure is as follows: the strength of the applied magnetic field is 7 T. The liquid metal LiPb alloy enters the coupling straight pipe section 02 through the inlet 01 at an initial flow rate of 0.07 m / s, and then one of the paths is to enter the next coupling pipe through the U-turn section 03, and the other path is to enter the next coupling pipe through the pressure balance slit 04, and finally flows out from the outlet 05. The pipeline structure and the corresponding parameter settings can be used in the DCLL cladding. Fig. 9 As shown, the combination of numerical simulation and theoretical calculation predicts that the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline is greatly reduced after adding the pressure balance seam, and is even lower than the pressure in a single uncoupled pipe.

[0103] Example 6

[0104] like Figure 6 and Fig.10 As shown, this embodiment provides a structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline, which is composed of three coupled pipes 02, and adjacent coupled straight pipe sections 02 are connected by a U-shaped turning section 03. Each pipeline has a=0.1m, b=0.025m, and L=1m. The pipelines all use Inconel718 as the pipe wall material. The dimensionless wall conductivity coefficient c w=0.25. The pressure balance joint is a vertical joint, and the specific dimensions in the X, Y and Z directions are: 0.02m, 0.00625m and 0.16m. The coordinates of the pressure balance joint are shown in Table 6 below.

[0105] Table 6

[0106]

[0107] The method of using the above-mentioned flow channel structure is as follows: the strength of the external magnetic field is 10T. The liquid metal LiPb alloy enters the coupling straight pipe section 02 through the inlet 01 at an initial flow rate of 0.5m / s, and then one of the paths is to enter the next coupling pipe through the U-turn section 03, and the other path is to enter the next coupling pipe through the pressure balance slit 04, and finally flows out from the outlet 05. The pipeline structure and the corresponding parameter settings can be used in the self-cooling lithium-lead cladding. Fig.10 As shown, the combination of numerical simulation and theoretical calculation predicts that the pressure drop in the multi-coupled pipeline is greatly reduced after adding the pressure balance seam, and is even lower than the pressure in a single uncoupled pipe.

[0108] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pressure balancing slit (04) opened on each coupled Hartmann wall surface of the multi-coupled pipelines. The multi-coupled pipelines are conductive pipelines of the same size arranged in the same direction. Adjacent conductive pipelines share a conductive wall surface, and the shared conductive wall surface is a coupled Hartmann wall surface.

2. The structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure balancing seam (04) is a transverse seam, and the transverse seam is provided at the connection position of the coupled Hartmann wall surface and the side wall surface of the pipeline; The coupled Hartmann wall is a wall perpendicular to the direction of the external magnetic field; The side wall surface is the side wall surface of the conductive pipe parallel to the direction of the external magnetic field.

3. The structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two transverse slits are arranged on each coupled Hartmann wall, and the two transverse slits are respectively located at the top and the bottom of the coupled Hartmann wall.

4. The structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dimensionless size of the transverse seam is: Among them, X is the flow direction of liquid metal, Y is parallel to the magnetic field, Z is perpendicular to the magnetic field, L is the length of the pipeline in the multi-coupled pipeline structure, C w is the dimensionless wall conductivity, σ w is the conductivity of the wall, σ is the conductivity of the fluid, a is the half-width perpendicular to the magnetic field, and b is the half-width parallel to the magnetic field.

5. The structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure balancing seam (04) is a vertical seam, which is opened on the coupled Hartmann wall surface, and the distance between the vertical seam and the upper side wall surface and the lower side wall surface of the conductive pipe is the same.

6. The structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dimensionless size of the vertical seam is: Among them, X is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction, Y is parallel to the magnetic field direction, Z is the flow direction of liquid metal, L is the inner pipe length of the multi-coupled pipe, C w is the dimensionless wall conductivity, σ w is the conductivity of the wall, σ is the conductivity of the fluid, a is the half-width perpendicular to the magnetic field, and b is the half-width parallel to the magnetic field.

7. The structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spacing distance ΔZ of the vertical slits in the Z direction needs to satisfy: 3.2b<ΔZ<L.

8. The structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner pipe size 2a×2b of the multi-coupled pipe needs to satisfy: 0.01m<a<0.2m, 0.01m<b<0.2m; the inner pipe length L of the multi-coupled pipe needs to satisfy: 0.01m<L<2m.

9. The structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: Dimensionless wall conductivity C w Need to meet: 0.01≤c w ≤0.

5.

10. A method for using the structure for reducing the pressure drop in a liquid blanket multi-coupled pipeline according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) A magnetic field is applied to the multi-coupled pipeline structure, and liquid metal enters the inlet of the multi-coupled pipeline at a certain initial velocity (01); (2) The liquid metal passes through the coupled straight pipe section (02) of the coupled pipeline, and a portion of the liquid metal passes through the U-shaped turning section (03) that turns 180 degrees and enters the next coupled straight pipe section (02); (3) Another part of the liquid metal enters the next coupled straight pipe section (02) through the pressure balance slit (04). The liquid metal flows through n coupled straight pipe sections and n-1 U-turn sections in the multi-coupled pipeline, and finally flows out from the outlet (05).

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