Photovoltaic measurement and control system
By adopting a variety of sensors and data preprocessing technologies in the photovoltaic measurement and control system, combined with the functions of the main control unit and the upper computer software unit, the monitoring and control problems of distributed photovoltaic systems are solved, and the monitoring accuracy and response speed of the system are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411717847.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-21
AI Technical Summary
The existing technology is difficult to effectively monitor and control distributed photovoltaic systems, resulting in increased data processing burden, difficult output control, diverse operating status, high deviation in power prediction level and differences in the level of execution control commands.
A photovoltaic measurement and control system is proposed, including a signal acquisition unit, a main control unit and a computer software unit. Through various types of sensors, acquiring key parameters of the photovoltaic panels are collected, data preprocessing, control algorithms are executed, data analysis and control commands are generated.
It improves the monitoring accuracy and reliability of the photovoltaic system, reduces noise and interference, improves the system's response speed and processing capabilities, and realizes unified monitoring and control of distributed photovoltaics.
Smart Images
Figure CN119675247A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic measurement and control technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic measurement and control system. Background Art
[0002] In order to improve the level of clean energy supply, distributed photovoltaics have grown rapidly in recent years. Rooftop distributed photovoltaics have the characteristics of dispersed geographical locations, small single-point installed capacity, and low grid-connected voltage level. With the increase in installed capacity and output, it will bring greater challenges to the safe and stable operation of the power system.
[0003] At present, the photovoltaic monitoring and control system in the existing technology is only for centralized photovoltaic power stations. If the centralized photovoltaic monitoring and control system is directly used to monitor and control distributed photovoltaics, it will not only increase the data processing burden of the system, but also make it difficult to control the output of distributed photovoltaics according to specific needs; at the same time, the operating states of distributed photovoltaics are diverse, the power prediction level deviation is high, and the level of executing control instructions is also different. In summary, there is still a lack of a system that can uniformly monitor and control distributed photovoltaics. Summary of the invention
[0004] The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.
[0005] To this end, the first objective of this application is to propose a photovoltaic measurement and control system.
[0006] The second objective of the present application is to provide an electronic device.
[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first embodiment of the present application proposes a photovoltaic measurement and control system, including:
[0008] A signal acquisition unit, used for acquiring sensing data generated by the sensor;
[0009] A main control unit is used to control the entire test unit and aggregate the collected sensor data into a programmable controller for display and storage;
[0010] The upper computer software unit is used to analyze and process the collected data and output operation control commands to the lower computer.
[0011] Optionally, the signal acquisition unit includes multiple sensors of different types, which are used to collect sensor data of the photovoltaic panel, and the sensor data includes thermal data and power data, wherein the thermal data includes: light intensity, temperature; the power data includes: current, voltage.
[0012] Optionally, the signal acquisition unit has a data preprocessing function and can filter and amplify the sensing data generated by the sensor.
[0013] Optionally, the main control unit includes at least one microprocessor and corresponding memory for executing control algorithms and storing processed sensor data.
[0014] Optionally, the main control unit has a communication function and can exchange data with a host computer software unit via a wireless or wired network.
[0015] Optionally, the host computer software unit includes a database management system for storing and managing sensor data collected over a long period of time;
[0016] The upper computer software unit has a user-defined report function, allowing the user to generate data reports as needed.
[0017] Optionally, the system further includes a safety monitoring unit for monitoring system anomalies and providing an alarm function.
[0018] Optionally, the system also includes an energy management module for optimizing energy output and storage of the photovoltaic system.
[0019] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a second aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, including: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;
[0020] The memory stores computer-executable instructions;
[0021] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the system as described in any one of the first aspects.
[0022] The photovoltaic measurement and control system provided by the present application can comprehensively monitor the key parameters of photovoltaic panels by using various types of sensors, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy and reliability of the system. The data preprocessing function of the signal acquisition unit can reduce noise and interference, improve data quality, and provide more accurate input for subsequent data analysis and processing. The main control unit equipped with a microprocessor and memory can efficiently execute the control algorithm, respond to system state changes in a timely manner, and improve the response speed and processing power of the system. The database management system of the host computer software unit can store large amounts of data for a long time, which is convenient for data retrieval, analysis, and historical trend tracking.
[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic measurement and control system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic measurement and control system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
[0028] The embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic measurement and control system, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic measurement and control system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes:
[0029] A signal acquisition unit 10, used to collect sensing data generated by the sensor;
[0030] The main control unit 20 is used to control the entire test unit and aggregate the collected sensor data into a programmable controller for display and storage;
[0031] The upper computer software unit 30 is used to analyze and process the collected data and output operation control commands to the lower computer.
[0032] Optionally, the signal acquisition unit includes multiple sensors of different types, which are used to collect sensor data of the photovoltaic panel, and the sensor data includes thermal data and power data, wherein the thermal data includes: light intensity, temperature; the power data includes: current, voltage.
[0033] The sensors in this embodiment include: Temperature sensor: used to measure the temperature change of the environment or object. According to the working principle, it can be divided into thermocouple, thermal resistor (RTD), thermistor and infrared temperature sensor. It is widely used in meteorological monitoring, home appliance control, medical equipment, automobile engine management and other fields.
[0034] Photoelectric sensors: They sense the environment by detecting the intensity, frequency or presence of light, including infrared sensors, photodiodes, LiDAR, etc. They are widely used in automatic doors, security monitoring, robot navigation, and self-driving cars.
[0035] Optionally, the signal acquisition unit has a data preprocessing function and can filter and amplify the sensing data generated by the sensor.
[0036] In this embodiment, data preprocessing of the signal acquisition unit is a key step, which directly affects the accuracy and reliability of subsequent data analysis. Data preprocessing mainly includes the following aspects:
[0037] Signal conditioning: Before the signal enters the A / D conversion, signal conditioning is required, including attenuation of large signals and amplification of weak signals, or biasing of some DC signals to meet the A / D input range requirements.
[0038] A / D conversion: It includes three components: sampling, quantization and encoding. Sampling is to extract a series of discrete sample values from the analog signal using a sampling pulse sequence, quantization is to convert the sampled signal into a number with a finite number of valid digits by rounding, and encoding is to convert the sampled data into a digital format that can be recognized by the computer.
[0039] Sampling theorem: The problem solved by the sampling theorem is to determine a reasonable sampling interval and sampling length to ensure that the sampled digital signal can truly represent the original continuous signal. The selection of the sampling frequency must comply with the requirements of the sampling theorem to avoid signal loss or distortion.
[0040] Filtering: In order to remove noise from the signal and improve the signal-to-noise ratio, filters are often used to smooth the signal. Common filtering methods include limiting filtering, median filtering, mean filtering, and recursive averaging filtering. Limiting filtering limits the range of signal variation by setting a threshold, median filtering replaces the value of each sampling point in the signal with the middle value in the corresponding sampling window, mean filtering achieves filtering by calculating the neighborhood average of each sampling point in the signal, and recursive averaging filtering obtains the filtered output by weighted averaging continuous sampling data.
[0041] Denoising: Denoising is an important step in signal processing. Commonly used denoising methods include moving average filter, weighted moving average filter, exponential moving average filter, Savitzky-Golay filter and median filter, etc. These methods can effectively remove noise from the signal while retaining the important features of the signal.
[0042] Handling missing values and outliers: In practical applications, the collected signals may contain missing values or outliers. Data preprocessing requires identifying and processing these values. Common methods include interpolation to fill missing values, using statistical methods or machine learning algorithms to identify and process outliers.
[0043] Optionally, the main control unit includes at least one microprocessor and corresponding memory for executing control algorithms and storing processed sensor data.
[0044] In this embodiment, these microprocessors can process multiple tasks in parallel to improve the response speed and processing power of the system. The memory may include random access memory (RAM) and non-volatile memory (NVM), such as flash memory, for temporary storage and long-term preservation of data. The main control unit may integrate advanced signal processing hardware, such as a digital signal processor (DSP), to implement complex algorithms and fast data processing.
[0045] Optionally, the main control unit has a communication function and can exchange data with a host computer software unit via a wireless or wired network.
[0046] In this embodiment, the main control unit may support multiple communication protocols, such as Modbus, Profibus, CANopen and other industrial standard protocols, to achieve compatibility with other industrial equipment. The communication function may include encryption and security authentication mechanisms to protect the security and integrity of data transmission. The main control unit may support remote firmware upgrades, so that the system can be updated and maintained without shutting down.
[0047] Optionally, the host computer software unit includes a database management system for storing and managing sensor data collected over a long period of time;
[0048] The upper computer software unit has a user-defined report function, allowing the user to generate data reports as needed.
[0049] In this embodiment, the database management system may support SQL or NoSQL databases to accommodate data storage requirements of different sizes and types. The host computer software unit may include data visualization tools such as charts, graphs, and dashboards to intuitively display data trends and patterns. The user-defined report function may allow users to create complex reports and dashboards through a drag-and-drop interface or programming scripts.
[0050] Optionally, the system further includes a safety monitoring unit for monitoring system anomalies and providing an alarm function.
[0051] In this embodiment, the security monitoring unit may include multiple levels of monitoring, such as device level, system level, and network level, to comprehensively monitor the security of the system. The security monitoring unit may integrate artificial intelligence algorithms to identify potential abnormal behaviors and security threats. The security monitoring unit may have automatic alarm and emergency response mechanisms to enable rapid action when security incidents are detected.
[0052] Optionally, the system also includes an energy management module for optimizing energy output and storage of the photovoltaic system.
[0053] In this embodiment, the energy management module may include an energy prediction algorithm that can predict energy output based on historical data and weather forecasts. The energy management module may support demand response management and can adjust energy output according to the needs of the power grid to optimize energy utilization efficiency. The energy management module may integrate an energy storage management system that can optimize the charging and discharging strategy of battery energy storage and improve energy availability and reliability.
[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic measurement and control system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the power system in this system has its own communication interfaces such as Ethernet and RS485, so the measurement and control system only needs to prepare the corresponding communication interface. After obtaining the communication protocol provided by the equipment manufacturer, it can obtain power data such as current, voltage, power factor, power generation, and equipment status. As can be seen from the above figure, this measurement and control system ultimately realizes information interaction with the power system through the network communication interface (RJ45 interface). For the thermal link, the measurement and control system realizes data collection and control of the thermal section through temperature sensors and pressure sensors arranged in the pipeline, and contactors and relays. The performance parameters of the PLC, signal acquisition unit, and host computer software used in the measurement and control system are shown in Table 1 below. The various devices of the measurement and control system are integrated together through the chassis.
[0055] Programmable Controller PLC Performance Parameters
[0056] Input point 14 points Output point 10 points With 485 communication collection function
[0057] Signal acquisition unit performance parameters
[0058]
[0059] Host computer software function
[0060] The human-machine interface uses a touch screen Configuration interface: system operation diagram, real-time display of measurement point information, and alarm function. Data management: historical curve query can be performed. Stored data can be exported to V files. Configuration control parameters: The configuration of control parameters requires a username and password.
[0061] Table 1
[0062] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes an electronic device, comprising: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the system provided by the above embodiments.
[0063] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the system provided by the above embodiments.
[0064] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the system provided by the above embodiments when executed by a processor.
[0065] The collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision and disclosure of user personal information involved in this application are in compliance with relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.
[0066] It should be noted that personal information from users should be collected for legitimate and reasonable purposes and should not be shared or sold outside of these legitimate uses. In addition, such collection / sharing should be carried out after receiving the user's informed consent, including but not limited to notifying the user to read the user agreement / user notice and sign the agreement / authorization including authorization of relevant user information before the user uses the function. In addition, any necessary steps should be taken to protect and safeguard access to such personal information data and ensure that others who have access to personal information data comply with its privacy policy and procedures.
[0067] The present application is expected to provide an implementation scheme for users to selectively block the use or access of personal information data. That is, the present disclosure is expected to provide hardware and / or software to prevent or block access to such personal information data. Once the personal information data is no longer needed, the risk can be minimized by limiting data collection and deleting the data. In addition, when applicable, such personal information is de-identified to protect the privacy of the user.
[0068] In the description of the aforementioned embodiments, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.
[0069] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0070] Any process or system description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, fragment or portion of code that includes one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present application belong.
[0071] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute the instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purpose of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
[0072] It should be understood that the various parts of the present application can be implemented with hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or systems can be implemented with software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented with hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented with any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit with a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit with a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.
[0073] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps of the system implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the system embodiment.
[0074] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
[0075] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic measurement and control system, characterized in that: include: A signal acquisition unit, used for acquiring sensing data generated by the sensor; A main control unit is used to control the entire test unit and aggregate the collected sensor data into a programmable controller for display and storage; The upper computer software unit is used to analyze and process the collected data and output operation control commands to the lower computer.
2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The signal acquisition unit includes a plurality of sensors of different types, which are respectively used to collect sensor data of the photovoltaic panel, and the sensor data includes thermal data and power data, wherein the thermal data includes: light intensity, temperature; the power data includes: current, voltage.
3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The signal acquisition unit has a data preprocessing function and can filter and amplify the sensing data generated by the sensor.
4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The main control unit includes at least one microprocessor and corresponding memory for executing control algorithms and storing processed sensor data.
5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The main control unit has a communication function and can exchange data with the upper computer software unit through a wireless or wired network.
6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The host computer software unit includes a database management system for storing and managing sensor data collected over a long period of time; The upper computer software unit has a user-defined report function, allowing the user to generate data reports as needed.
7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system also includes a safety monitoring unit for monitoring system abnormalities and providing an alarm function.
8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system also includes an energy management module for optimizing energy output and storage of the photovoltaic system.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.