Heat-insulating anti-ultraviolet wear-resistant wallboard and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat-insulating anti-ultraviolet wear-resistant wallboard and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of wallboard preparation. A layer of nano protective coating is added on the surface of the wallboard, aluminum oxide and zinc oxide are used as main inorganic nano materials in the coating and can react with the surfaces of aluminum oxide and zinc oxide to generate a layer of compact protective film after being roasted in an ammonia atmosphere, and the ultraviolet resistance of the coating is enhanced by adding graphene oxide; electronic structures of rare earth oxide, aluminum oxide and zinc oxide form complementation, so that the anti-ultraviolet performance is improved; according to the invention, polyvinyl chloride and polymethyl methacrylate are combined in the preparation of the polymer base material layer, so that the wear resistance of the base material layer is enhanced, and phenolic resin as a base material has good adhesion and heat resistance; in a heating and stirring process, fully mixing with polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate and graphene aerogel, curing and forming, and then preparing the base material layer through a calendering process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wallboard preparation, and relates to a heat-insulating, ultraviolet-resistant, and wear-resistant wallboard and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of material science, heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wall panels often use integration and composite technology to combine a variety of materials with excellent performance to form a new type of wall panel with comprehensive performance advantages. This technology can not only improve the heat insulation, UV resistance and wear resistance of the wall panel, but also improve the processing performance and ease of use of the wall panel.

[0003] With the development of science and technology, wall panel preparation technology is also constantly innovating and improving. For example, modern production technologies such as spraying are introduced to improve the accuracy and efficiency of wall panel production; new environmentally friendly materials are developed to meet the needs of green buildings; production process is optimized to reduce energy consumption and costs, etc. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wallboard and a preparation method thereof, which has the characteristics of wear resistance and heat insulation.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wallboard, comprising a nano protective coating, a decorative layer and a polymer substrate layer from the outside to the inside, wherein the layers are bonded together by an adhesive.

[0007] The preparation method of the nano protective coating is as follows:

[0008] S11: mixing aluminum oxide and zinc oxide in a mass ratio of (1-3):1, putting the mixture into a ball mill and grinding it at a speed of 500 r / min for 1-2 hours, and calcining the ground mixture in a mixed gas for 2-3 hours at a calcination temperature of 1300° C. to obtain a mixture A;

[0009] S12: dispersing graphene oxide in deionized water to prepare a graphene oxide solution with a mass fraction of 30-50%, immersing mixture A in the graphene oxide solution, wherein the mass ratio of mixture A to graphene oxide is 1:1, and ultrasonicating for 0.5 h to obtain a solid-liquid mixture B;

[0010] S13: freezing the solid-liquid mixture B in liquid nitrogen for 20 to 25 minutes, and drying at -50°C for 3 to 4 hours to obtain a mixture C;

[0011] S14: Mix the mixture C and the rare earth oxide in a mass ratio of 2:1, put into a ball mill and grind at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 h to obtain a mixture D;

[0012] S15: Heat the polyurethane resin to 170° C., stir at a speed of 150 r / min after heating for 1 to 2 h, add 5 wt % of trimethyl phosphate, and then add mixture D, wherein the mass ratio of mixture D to polyurethane resin is 3:2, increase the speed to 250 r / min and continue stirring for 1 h to obtain the nano protective coating.

[0013] Furthermore, the polymer substrate layer is prepared as follows:

[0014] S21: polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate and graphene aerogel are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1:2, and ground in a ball mill at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 h to obtain a mixture E;

[0015] S22: Heat the phenolic resin to 100°C, stir at a speed of 200 r / min for 2 hours, put the mixture E into the phenolic resin, the mass ratio of the mixture E to the phenolic resin is 1:1, heat to 130°C, add 2 wt% dispersant, continue stirring for 2 hours, pass through a grinding tool, and calender to a thickness of 7 to 9 mm to obtain the polymer substrate layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the adhesive is PUR hot melt adhesive.

[0017] Furthermore, the volume ratio of the mixed gas in S11 is 2% NH3+98% He.

[0018] Furthermore, the rare earth oxide in S14 is one of lanthanum oxide and cerium oxide.

[0019] Furthermore, the dispersant in S22 is polyethylene glycol, and the number average molecular weight is 2000-5000.

[0020] A method for preparing a heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wallboard, the wallboard preparation method is as follows:

[0021] S71: washing the surface of the polymer substrate layer with deionized water, and then blowing the surface of the polymer substrate layer with nitrogen at 70° C., with a blowing flow rate of 10 m / s and a blowing time of 8 h, to obtain a dry polymer substrate layer;

[0022] S72: Apply PUR hot melt adhesive on one side of the surface of the dried polymer substrate layer, and then cover the decorative layer on the hot melt adhesive, and use a hot pressing method to bond the polymer substrate layer and the decorative layer, and let it stand for 12 hours after bonding;

[0023] S73: Evenly spraying the nano protective coating on the surface of the decorative layer, and then drying the surface using a laser drying method to obtain the wallboard.

[0024] Furthermore, the hot pressing method parameters in S72 are a temperature of 60 to 70° C., an applied force of 10 KN to 15 KN, and a hot pressing time of 120 to 300 s.

[0025] Furthermore, the spraying parameters in S73 are a spraying distance of 60 mm and a spraying rate of 80 mm / s.

[0026] Furthermore, the laser drying parameters in S73 are: laser power 300 W, temperature 70° C., and irradiation time 15 min.

[0027] The present invention adds a layer of nano protective coating on the surface of the wallboard. The coating formula contains nano materials such as aluminum oxide and zinc oxide. These materials have good thermal stability and low thermal conductivity, can effectively block the transfer of heat, and improve the thermal insulation performance of the wallboard. At the same time, polyurethane resin as a matrix material can provide good adhesion and flexibility. Polyurethane resin has excellent bonding and film-forming properties, can firmly adhere to the surface of the wallboard, and form a uniform and dense protective film. At the same time, polyurethane resin also has a certain thermal insulation effect. Combined with inorganic materials, the nano protective coating performs well in thermal insulation.

[0028] In the present invention, aluminum oxide and zinc oxide are used as main inorganic nanomaterials, which can effectively improve the hardness and thermal stability of the coating. Zinc oxide is an effective ultraviolet shielding agent, which can absorb and reflect ultraviolet rays to prevent ultraviolet rays from damaging the internal materials of the wallboard. Nano-scale aluminum oxide and zinc oxide particles form a dense network structure in the coating, which effectively blocks the penetration of heat and ultraviolet rays and enhances the wear resistance of the coating. During the preparation process, calcination in an ammonia atmosphere can react with the surfaces of aluminum oxide and zinc oxide to form a dense protective film, which can prevent further oxidation, corrosion or other harmful reactions, thereby improving the stability and durability of the material.

[0029] In addition, the addition of graphene oxide also enhances the UV resistance of the coating, allowing the wall panels to maintain stable performance for a long time in outdoor environments. Graphene oxide has extremely high strength and toughness, and its special two-dimensional structure gives the coating excellent conductivity and UV shielding capabilities; rare earth oxides have unique electronic structures and chemical properties, which can produce synergistic effects with other components in the coating to improve the overall performance of the coating. Rare earth oxides can complement the electronic structures of aluminum oxide and zinc oxide, enhance the coating's ability to absorb and reflect ultraviolet rays, and improve UV resistance. Rare earth oxides can form stable chemical bonds and physical adsorption at the interface with aluminum oxide and zinc oxide, which can enhance the internal bonding of the coating and improve the overall stability and wear resistance of the coating. When stimulated by external energy such as ultraviolet rays, rare earth oxides can absorb and transfer energy, reduce energy damage to other components of the coating, and protect the coating from damage; trimethyl phosphate is used as a flame retardant to improve the fire resistance of the coating. Trimethyl phosphate can decompose at high temperatures to produce phosphoric acid and other phosphorus-containing compounds. These compounds can form a dense carbonized layer during combustion to prevent the further spread of flames.

[0030] The nano-protective coating is prepared through multiple processes, including ball milling, ultrasound, freeze drying, etc., so that the particles in the coating are evenly distributed and dense, thereby improving the hardness and wear resistance of the coating. As a matrix material, polyurethane resin also has a certain wear resistance and can resist wear and scratches during daily use and cleaning.

[0031] The nanomaterials and polyurethane resins in the coating have good chemical stability and can resist corrosion from acids, alkalis and other chemical substances, thus extending the service life of the wall panels.

[0032] The polymer substrate layer prepared in the present invention has excellent thermal insulation performance, and the graphene aerogel has extremely low thermal conductivity, which can effectively block the transfer of heat and improve the thermal insulation effect of the wallboard. The graphene aerogel is a three-dimensional porous network structure material composed of graphene sheets, which has extremely low thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical properties, and can provide excellent thermal insulation and reinforcement effects while maintaining light weight;

[0033] The polymer substrate layer has good wear resistance. Polyvinyl chloride and polymethyl methacrylate are both polymer materials with good wear resistance. The combination of the two further enhances the wear resistance of the substrate layer and extends the service life of the wallboard. Phenolic resin is a thermosetting resin. As a matrix material, it has good adhesion and heat resistance. It can be fully mixed and cured with polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate and graphene aerogel during heating and stirring. The substrate layer obtained by calendering process has high mechanical strength, toughness and impact resistance.

[0034] The phenolic resin of the present invention was purchased from Shandong Yonghui New Materials Co., Ltd. and is a water-soluble phenolic resin; the polyvinyl chloride of the present invention was purchased from Tianjin Xiensi Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. with the item number P-0447182; the polymethyl methacrylate of the present invention was purchased from Shanghai Yien Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. with the item number R007432; the graphene aerogel of the present invention was purchased from Zhengzhou Lingzhiyue Technology Co., Ltd.

[0035] The present invention uses PUR hot melt adhesive as an adhesive, and the PUR hot melt adhesive of the present invention is purchased from Deqing Haojing Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., item number 8101. PUR hot melt adhesive has very high bonding strength, and can firmly bond the polymer substrate layer and the decorative layer together in a short time, ensuring the integrity and stability of the wallboard; PUR hot melt adhesive has very good durability, and can withstand the destruction of various harsh environments and physical forces, ensuring that the wallboard is not prone to debonding, cracking and other problems during long-term use; in addition, PUR hot melt adhesive does not contain harmful substances, no VOC volatile substances, has little impact on human health and the environment, and is more in line with the current concept of green environmental protection.

[0036] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0037] (1) The present invention adds a layer of nano protective coating on the surface of the wallboard. Aluminum oxide and zinc oxide are used as the main inorganic nano materials in the coating. Zinc oxide is an effective ultraviolet shielding agent that can absorb and reflect ultraviolet rays. Calcination in an ammonia atmosphere can react with the surfaces of aluminum oxide and zinc oxide to form a dense protective film. The addition of graphene oxide also enhances the anti-ultraviolet performance of the coating. Rare earth oxides can complement the electronic structures of aluminum oxide and zinc oxide, enhance the coating's ability to absorb and reflect ultraviolet rays, and improve the anti-ultraviolet performance.

[0038] (2) The polymer substrate layer prepared in the present invention has excellent thermal insulation performance, the graphene aerogel has extremely low thermal conductivity, and the combination of polyvinyl chloride and polymethyl methacrylate further enhances the wear resistance of the substrate layer. Phenolic resin is a thermosetting resin. As a matrix material, it has good adhesion and heat resistance and can be fully mixed and cured with polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate and graphene aerogel during heating and stirring. The substrate layer prepared by the calendering process has high mechanical strength, toughness and impact resistance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] The wallboard includes a nano protective coating, a decorative layer and a polymer substrate layer from the outside to the inside, and each layer is bonded by PUR hot melt adhesive.

[0042] The preparation method of the nano protective coating is as follows,

[0043] S11: Aluminum oxide and zinc oxide were mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1, put into a ball mill and ground at a speed of 500 r / min for 2 h, and the ground mixture was calcined in a mixed gas of 2% NH3 + 98% He in a volume ratio for 2.5 h at a purge temperature of 1300° C. to obtain a mixture A;

[0044] S12: dispersing graphene oxide in deionized water to prepare a graphene oxide solution with a mass fraction of 40%, immersing mixture A in the graphene oxide solution, wherein the mass ratio of mixture A to graphene oxide is 1:1, and ultrasonicating for 0.5 h to obtain a solid-liquid mixture B;

[0045] S13: freezing the solid-liquid mixture B in liquid nitrogen for 25 min, and drying at -50°C for 4 h to obtain a mixture C;

[0046] S14: Mix the mixture C and lanthanum oxide in a mass ratio of 2:1, put the mixture into a ball mill and grind it at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 h to obtain a mixture D;

[0047] S15: Heat the polyurethane resin to 170° C., stir at a speed of 150 r / min after heating for 2 hours, then add 5 wt % of trimethyl phosphate, and then add mixture D, wherein the mass ratio of mixture D to polyurethane resin is 3:2, increase the speed to 250 r / min and continue stirring for 1 hour to obtain the nano protective coating.

[0048] The polymer substrate layer preparation method is as follows:

[0049] S21: polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate and graphene aerogel are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1:2, and ground in a ball mill at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 h to obtain a mixture E;

[0050] S22: Heat the phenolic resin to 100°C, stir at a speed of 200 r / min for 2 hours, put the mixture E into the phenolic resin, the mass ratio of the mixture E to the phenolic resin is 1:1, heat to 130°C, add 2wt% polyethylene glycol-2000, continue stirring for 2 hours, pass through a grinding tool, and calender to a thickness of 8 mm to obtain the polymer substrate layer.

[0051] The wallboard preparation method is as follows:

[0052] S71: washing the surface of the polymer substrate layer with deionized water, and then blowing the surface of the polymer substrate layer with nitrogen at 70° C., with a blowing flow rate of 10 m / s and a blowing time of 8 h, to obtain a dry polymer substrate layer;

[0053] S72: Apply PUR hot melt adhesive on one side of the surface of the dried polymer substrate layer, and then cover the decorative layer on the hot melt adhesive. Use hot pressing to bond the polymer substrate layer and the decorative layer. The hot pressing parameters are temperature 60°C, applied force 15KN, hot pressing time 200s, and stand for 12h after bonding.

[0054] S73: spraying the nano protective coating uniformly on the surface of the decorative layer, the spraying parameters are spraying distance 60 mm, spraying rate 80 mm / s, and then using laser drying method to dry the surface, the laser drying parameters are laser power 300 W, temperature 70° C., irradiation time 15 min, to obtain the wall panel.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] The wallboard includes a nano protective coating, a decorative layer and a polymer substrate layer from the outside to the inside, and each layer is bonded by PUR hot melt adhesive.

[0057] The preparation method of the nano protective coating is as follows,

[0058] S11: Aluminum oxide and zinc oxide were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1, put into a ball mill and ground at a speed of 500 r / min for 1 h, and the ground mixture was roasted in a mixed gas of 2% NH3 + 98% He in a volume ratio for 2 h at a roasting temperature of 1300° C. to obtain a mixture A;

[0059] S12: dispersing graphene oxide in deionized water to prepare a graphene oxide solution with a mass fraction of 30%, immersing mixture A in the graphene oxide solution, wherein the mass ratio of mixture A to graphene oxide is 1:1, and ultrasonicating for 0.5 h to obtain a solid-liquid mixture B;

[0060] S13: freezing the solid-liquid mixture B in liquid nitrogen for 20 min, and drying at -50°C for 3 h to obtain a mixture C;

[0061] S14: Mix the mixture C and cerium oxide in a mass ratio of 2:1, put the mixture into a ball mill and grind it at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 h to obtain a mixture D;

[0062] S15: Heat the polyurethane resin to 170° C., stir at a speed of 150 r / min after heating for 1 hour, add 5 wt % of trimethyl phosphate, and then add mixture D, wherein the mass ratio of mixture D to polyurethane resin is 3:2, increase the speed to 250 r / min and continue stirring for 1 hour to obtain the nano protective coating.

[0063] The polymer substrate layer preparation method is as follows:

[0064] S21: polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate and graphene aerogel are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1:2, and ground in a ball mill at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 h to obtain a mixture E;

[0065] S22: Heat the phenolic resin to 100°C, stir at a speed of 200 r / min for 2 hours, put the mixture E into the phenolic resin, the mass ratio of the mixture E to the phenolic resin is 1:1, heat to 130°C, add 2wt% polyethylene glycol-5000, continue stirring for 2 hours, pass through a grinding tool, and calender to a thickness of 7 mm to obtain the polymer substrate layer.

[0066] The wallboard preparation method is as follows:

[0067] S71: washing the surface of the polymer substrate layer with deionized water, and then blowing the surface of the polymer substrate layer with nitrogen at 70° C., with a blowing flow rate of 10 m / s and a blowing time of 8 h, to obtain a dry polymer substrate layer;

[0068] S72: Apply PUR hot melt adhesive on one side of the surface of the dried polymer substrate layer, and then cover the decorative layer on the hot melt adhesive. Use hot pressing to bond the polymer substrate layer and the decorative layer. The hot pressing parameters are temperature 70°C, applied force 15KN, hot pressing time 120s, and stand for 12h after bonding.

[0069] S73: spraying the nano protective coating uniformly on the surface of the decorative layer, the spraying parameters are spraying distance 60 mm, spraying rate 80 mm / s, and then using laser drying method to dry the surface, the laser drying parameters are laser power 300 W, temperature 70° C., irradiation time 15 min, to obtain the wall panel.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] The wallboard includes a nano protective coating, a decorative layer and a polymer substrate layer from the outside to the inside, and each layer is bonded by PUR hot melt adhesive.

[0072] The preparation method of the nano protective coating is as follows,

[0073] S11: Aluminum oxide and zinc oxide were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1, put into a ball mill and ground at a speed of 500 r / min for 2 h, and the ground mixture was roasted in a mixed gas of 2% NH3 + 98% He in a volume ratio for 3 h at a roasting temperature of 1300° C. to obtain a mixture A;

[0074] S12: dispersing graphene oxide in deionized water to prepare a graphene oxide solution with a mass fraction of 50%, immersing mixture A in the graphene oxide solution, wherein the mass ratio of mixture A to graphene oxide is 1:1, and ultrasonicating for 0.5 h to obtain a solid-liquid mixture B;

[0075] S13: freezing the solid-liquid mixture B in liquid nitrogen for 25 min, and drying at -50°C for 4 h to obtain a mixture C;

[0076] S14: Mix the mixture C and cerium oxide in a mass ratio of 2:1, put the mixture into a ball mill and grind it at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 h to obtain a mixture D;

[0077] S15: Heat the polyurethane resin to 170° C., stir at a speed of 150 r / min after heating for 2 hours, then add 5 wt % of trimethyl phosphate, and then add mixture D, wherein the mass ratio of mixture D to polyurethane resin is 3:2, increase the speed to 250 r / min and continue stirring for 1 hour to obtain the nano protective coating.

[0078] The polymer substrate layer preparation method is as follows:

[0079] S21: polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate and graphene aerogel are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1:2, and ground in a ball mill at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 h to obtain a mixture E;

[0080] S22: Heat the phenolic resin to 100°C, stir at a speed of 200 r / min for 2 hours, put the mixture E into the phenolic resin, the mass ratio of the mixture E to the phenolic resin is 1:1, heat to 130°C, add 2wt% polyethylene glycol-3000, continue stirring for 2 hours, pass through a grinding tool, and calender to a thickness of 9 mm to obtain the polymer substrate layer.

[0081] The wallboard preparation method is as follows:

[0082] S71: washing the surface of the polymer substrate layer with deionized water, and then blowing the surface of the polymer substrate layer with nitrogen at 70° C., with a blowing flow rate of 10 m / s and a blowing time of 8 h, to obtain a dry polymer substrate layer;

[0083] S72: Apply PUR hot melt adhesive on one side of the surface of the dry polymer substrate layer, and then cover the decorative layer on the hot melt adhesive, and use hot pressing to bond the polymer substrate layer and the decorative layer. The parameters of the hot pressing method are temperature 70°C, applied force 10KN, hot pressing time 120s, and stand for 12h after bonding;

[0084] S73: spraying the nano protective coating uniformly on the surface of the decorative layer, the spraying parameters are spraying distance 60 mm, spraying rate 80 mm / s, and then using laser drying method to dry the surface, the laser drying parameters are laser power 300 W, temperature 70° C., irradiation time 15 min, to obtain the wall panel.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] In this comparative example, the nano protective coating is not calcined in the mixed gas but only calcined in the air, and the remaining steps are consistent with those of Example 1.

[0087] Comparative Example 2

[0088] In this comparative example, zinc oxide is not added in the preparation of the nano protective coating, and the remaining steps are consistent with those of Example 1.

[0089] Comparative Example 3

[0090] In this comparative example, graphene oxide is not added in the preparation of the nano protective coating, and the remaining steps are consistent with those of Example 1.

[0091] Comparative Example 4

[0092] In this comparative example, no rare earth oxide is added in the preparation of the nano protective coating, and the remaining steps are consistent with those of Example 1.

[0093] Comparative Example 5

[0094] In this comparative example, no graphene aerogel is added in the preparation of the polymer substrate layer, and the remaining steps are consistent with those of Example 1.

[0095] Comparative Example 6

[0096] In this comparative example, polymethyl methacrylate was not added in the preparation of the polymer substrate layer, and the remaining steps were consistent with those in Example 1.

[0097] The embodiments and comparative examples were tested, and hardness was tested according to GB / T 230.1-2018;

[0098] The corrosion resistance test was carried out according to ISO 9227:2017. A sample of 200*60*1mm was taken, and the concentration of 10% sodium chloride was adjusted with 3% hydrochloric acid to a pH value of 2 to prepare brine. The brine was sprayed on the sample through a spray device. The spray volume was 20mL / s, the spray frequency was 60min / time, each spray was 20s, and the corrosion of the sample was observed after continuous spraying for 72h.

[0099] The ultraviolet light absorption rate of the embodiment and the comparative example was tested using a UVPF-A2 ultraviolet light meter and a UV lamp. The ultraviolet wavelength was 365nm and the UV lamp irradiation was 20mw / cm 2, the irradiation time is 30 seconds;

[0100] The thermal insulation performance of the embodiment and the comparative example was tested. The surface of the sample was heated to 50° C. for 12 hours. The temperature of both sides of the wallboard was detected using a thermocouple, and the temperature difference was recorded.

[0101] The experimental results are summarized in the following table:

[0102] Hardness value HR Corrosion resistance UV absorption rate (%) Temperature difference (℃) Example 1 120 No corrosion 96.6 6.2 Example 2 115 No corrosion 95.8 5.5 Example 3 115 No corrosion 95.5 5.4 Comparative Example 1 95 corrosion 90.2 3.8 Comparative Example 2 95 corrosion 83.2 3.5 Comparative Example 3 90 corrosion 82.9 3.1 Comparative Example 4 90 corrosion 84.7 3.2 Comparative Example 5 70 No corrosion 91.5 4.7 Comparative Example 6 90 No corrosion 91.3 4.5

[0103] Experimental data show that the purging of mixed gas in the nano protective coating, the addition of rare earth oxides, zinc oxide and graphene oxide, and the addition of graphene aerogel and polymethyl methacrylate in the polymer substrate layer have effectively improved the overall performance of the wallboard.

[0104] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wallboard, characterized in that: The wallboard includes a nano protective coating, a decorative layer and a polymer substrate layer from the outside to the inside, and each layer is bonded by an adhesive. The preparation method of the nano protective coating is as follows: S11: mixing aluminum oxide and zinc oxide in a mass ratio of (1-3):1, putting the mixture into a ball mill and grinding it at a speed of 500 r / min for 1-2 hours, and calcining the ground mixture in a mixed gas for 2-3 hours at a calcination temperature of 1300° C. to obtain a mixture A; S12: dispersing graphene oxide in deionized water to prepare a graphene oxide solution with a mass fraction of 30-50%, immersing mixture A in the graphene oxide solution, wherein the mass ratio of mixture A to graphene oxide is 1:1, and ultrasonicating for 0.5 h to obtain a solid-liquid mixture B; S13: freezing the solid-liquid mixture B in liquid nitrogen for 20 to 25 minutes, and drying at -50°C for 3 to 4 hours to obtain a mixture C; S14: Mix the mixture C and the rare earth oxide in a mass ratio of 2:1, put into a ball mill and grind at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 h to obtain a mixture D; S15: Heat the polyurethane resin to 170° C., stir at a speed of 150 r / min after heating for 1 to 2 h, add 5 wt % of trimethyl phosphate, and then add mixture D, wherein the mass ratio of mixture D to polyurethane resin is 3:2, increase the speed to 250 r / min and continue stirring for 1 h to obtain the nano protective coating.

2. The heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wallboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polymer substrate layer preparation method is as follows: S21: polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate and graphene aerogel are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1:2, and ground in a ball mill at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 h to obtain a mixture E; S22: Heat the phenolic resin to 100°C, stir at a speed of 200 r / min for 2 hours, put the mixture E into the phenolic resin, the mass ratio of the mixture E to the phenolic resin is 1:1, heat to 130°C, add 2 wt% dispersant, continue stirring for 2 hours, pass through a grinding tool, and calender to a thickness of 7 to 9 mm to obtain the polymer substrate layer.

3. The heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wallboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive is PUR hot melt adhesive.

4. The heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wallboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume ratio of the mixed gas in S11 is 2% NH3+98% He.

5. The heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wallboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rare earth oxide in the S14 is one of lanthanum oxide and cerium oxide.

6. The heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wallboard according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dispersant in S22 is polyethylene glycol, and the number average molecular weight is 2000-5000.

7. A method for preparing a heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wallboard, based on the heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wallboard according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The wallboard preparation method is as follows: S71: washing the surface of the polymer substrate layer with deionized water, and then blowing the surface of the polymer substrate layer with nitrogen at 70° C., with a blowing flow rate of 10 m / s and a blowing time of 8 h, to obtain a dry polymer substrate layer; S72: Apply PUR hot melt adhesive on one side of the surface of the dried polymer substrate layer, and then cover the decorative layer on the hot melt adhesive, and use a hot pressing method to bond the polymer substrate layer and the decorative layer, and let it stand for 12 hours after bonding; S73: spraying the nano protective coating uniformly on the surface of the decorative layer, and then drying the surface by laser drying to obtain the wallboard.

8. The method for preparing a heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wallboard according to claim 7, characterized in that: The parameters of the hot pressing method in S72 are a temperature of 60 to 70° C., an applied force of 10 KN to 15 KN, and a hot pressing time of 120 to 300 s.

9. The method for preparing a heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wallboard according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spraying parameters in S73 are a spraying distance of 60 mm and a spraying rate of 80 mm / s.

10. The method for preparing a heat-insulating, UV-resistant and wear-resistant wallboard according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser drying parameters in S73 are: laser power 300 W, temperature 70° C., and irradiation time 15 min.