Compact high-efficiency GW-level high-power microwave system suitable for X wave band

Abstract

The invention discloses a compact high-efficiency GW-level high-power microwave system suitable for an X wave band, and relates to the technical field of high-power microwave transmission radiation. The compact high-efficiency GW-level high-power microwave system suitable for the X wave band comprises a mode converter dynamic electromagnetic protection assembly and a mode converter dynamic electromagnetic protection assembly, when the double-layer shielding wave-absorbing arc plate detects the direction of an interference signal according to a built-in current sensor, the left and right shielding and absorbing directions of the double-layer shielding wave-absorbing arc plate on electromagnetic waves are dynamically adjusted, interference is reduced, a signal opposite to the interference signal is generated, and the phase and amplitude of the signal are dynamically adjusted so that the signal and the interference signal can be mutually offset. Dynamic interference elimination is achieved, mutual conversion between a circular waveguide TM mode and a rectangular waveguide TE mode is achieved on the whole, the propagation direction of microwaves can be changed, and meanwhile the influence on normal work of surrounding electronic equipment caused by strong electromagnetic interference generated by high-power microwave signals on the surrounding electronic equipment is effectively reduced; and the stable operation under a high-power signal is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-power microwave transmission and radiation, and in particular to a compact and high-efficiency GW-level high-power microwave system suitable for X-band. Background Art

[0002] Microwave energy in the low-frequency and low-power range has always been the focus of research. However, with the urgent need for microwave technology in military science and technology, people have begun to conduct more and more in-depth research on high-power microwaves. Domestic researchers have uniformly defined electromagnetic waves with a power greater than 100MW and a frequency between 1 and 300GHz as high-power microwaves (HPW). Therefore, for HPW, the design of a suitable and efficient high-power microwave system is the main research direction. High-power microwave systems are usually divided into three parts: (1) Microwave source, which is mainly responsible for generating high-power microwaves. (2) Microwave transmission, which, on the one hand, constrains the performance of the microwave source, and on the other hand, provides a matching feed source to the transmitter. This part also affects the complexity, efficiency and output microwave mode of the entire system. (3) Microwave transmission and reception, to achieve effective radiation of the input microwave. Each part needs to further improve the power tolerance to meet the application requirements of higher-power microwave systems.

[0003] However, in the prior art, during the operation of conventional high-power microwave circular waveguide transmission systems, since there are many high-order modes in the circular waveguide during the transmission process, the high-power microwave signal during the transmission process will cause strong electromagnetic interference to the surrounding electronic equipment, affecting their normal operation, thereby affecting the antenna feeding and the maximum power tolerance. At the same time, the radiation pattern of the circular waveguide TM01 mode used for microwave transmission is 0 in the axial direction, and there is no radiation energy along the axial direction, which does not match the radiation pattern required by the antenna, resulting in low energy transmission and conversion efficiency. In conventional microwave transmission and receiving systems, the feeding network and the antenna array are usually located in different layers to reduce the volume, but the realization of lateral electromagnetic waves to feed the upper antenna requires the introduction of a longer tortuous waveguide structure, which increases the size and loss. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a compact, high-efficiency, GW-level high-power microwave system suitable for the X-band. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a compact, high-efficiency, GW-class high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band, so as to solve the above-mentioned background technology. In the operation process of conventional high-power microwave circular waveguide transmission systems, since there are many high-order modes in the circular waveguide during the transmission process, energy loss and electric field mutation will be generated during the transmission process, thereby affecting the antenna feeding and the maximum power tolerance. At the same time, the radiation pattern of the circular waveguide TM01 mode used for microwave transmission is 0 in the axial direction, and there is no radiation energy along the axial direction, which does not match the radiation pattern required by the antenna, resulting in low energy transmission and conversion efficiency. In conventional microwave transmission and receiving systems, the feeding network and the antenna array are usually located in different layers to reduce the volume, but the realization of lateral electromagnetic waves to feed the upper antenna requires the introduction of a longer zigzag waveguide structure, which increases the size and loss problems.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band, comprising: The mode converter dynamic electromagnetic protection component is installed on the side of the rectangular waveguide to realize the mutual conversion between the circular waveguide TM mode and the rectangular waveguide TE mode. It can change the direction of microwave propagation and dynamically perform point-to-point directional protection according to the operating direction of the electromagnetic interference signal generated by the built-in current sensor detection. It also actively generates a signal opposite to the interference signal to cancel it out with the interference signal, thereby eliminating interference. A five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider is installed at the left and right ends of the rectangular waveguide and connected to the butt guide cavity end to improve the overall high-mode conversion rate through the internal adaptive low-loss and high-efficiency amplification structure; The cavity slot antenna is mounted on the surface of a five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider to form a rectangular waveguide feed, and the 8×flat 8-surface array is connected in sequence with other components to form a large-scale microwave transmission radiation structure; The load dynamic conductor is embedded on the left and right surfaces of the rectangular waveguide and forms active adjustment with a five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider and a terminal; The multi-band signal component is installed on the inner side of the five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider to form a symmetrical installation setting, which is used to form a multi-band signal operation to ensure that the response signal is effectively transmitted in different frequency bands and realize interference suppression in the entire frequency band.

[0006] Preferably, the mode converter dynamic electromagnetic protection component includes: A large-diameter circular waveguide, a tapered waveguide, a small-diameter circular waveguide with a short terminal, a power tolerance chamfer and a front-end diameter circular waveguide, a docking waveguide ring is installed at the connecting end of the large-diameter circular waveguide and the front-end diameter circular waveguide, the tapered waveguide is integrally formed at the side end of the large-diameter circular waveguide, and is synchronously integrally formed with the small-diameter circular waveguide with a short terminal, a circular waveguide generating end is installed inside the large-diameter circular waveguide, the tapered waveguide and the small-diameter circular waveguide with a short terminal, an output control motor is installed on the side wall surface of the large-diameter circular waveguide, and a gear part and a clamping rod are respectively connected to the bottom output end of the output control motor, and the clamping rod and the gear part form an installation arrangement.

[0007] Preferably, the side end of the gear part is meshingly connected with a synchronous rotating tooth, and a plurality of groups of locking grooves are arranged around the surface of the synchronous rotating tooth. The locking rod and the plurality of locking grooves form a rotational locking, and the side end of the synchronous rotating tooth is fastened with a connecting L rod, and the bottom of the connecting L rod is fastened with a rotating positive charge gathering ring, and the rotating positive charge gathering ring and the bottom of the synchronous rotating tooth are fastened with a plurality of groups of mounting frames, and miniature electromagnetic guide rods are symmetrically installed on the left and right ends inside the plurality of groups of mounting frames.

[0008] Preferably, a joint ball is provided at the side end of the micro-electromagnetic guide rod through a contact block, the bottom of the joint ball is rotatably connected to a double-layer shielded wave-absorbing arc plate, the top surface of the joint ball is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, the connecting rod and the bottom wall side surface of the rotating positive charge gathering ring and the synchronous rotating gear are tightly connected, the internal equal parts of the synchronous rotating gear are tightly connected to a top L rod, the top of the top L rod is installed with an annular slewing rail, the internal sliding connection of the annular slewing rail is connected to a sliding position saddle, the side end surface of the sliding position saddle is tightly connected to a slot frame, and the internal body of the slot frame is rotatably connected to a rotating hoop sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, an angle rotation motor is installed on the side end of the trough frame, and a miniature pneumatic telescopic rod is installed inside the trough frame. The side end of the miniature pneumatic telescopic rod is fastened with a protective shielding arc wave plate, and the structure of the protective shielding arc wave plate and the double-layer shielding absorbing arc wave plate are the same. The top end of the top L rod is fastened with a rotator section, and active signal wave generators are equally dividedly installed on the circumferential surface of the rotator section.

[0010] Preferably, a metal high guide rod is installed inside the load dynamic conductor, and the side end of the load dynamic conductor is fastened with a phase change material connector, and the side end of the phase change material connector is connected to a dynamic feedback circuit, which consists of a low-area feedback circuit and a high-area feedback circuit, and the inside of the dynamic feedback circuit is connected with an optical coupler.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power splitter is fastened with a sealed cover box, a filter is installed inside the sealed cover box, a main amplifier and an auxiliary amplifier are respectively installed inside the filter, the main amplifier and the auxiliary amplifier are connected in parallel through lines, a high-efficiency power converter is connected at the bottom of the main amplifier and the auxiliary amplifier, and an HT connector is installed on the side end of the five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power splitter, and the HT connector forms a fan-shaped rectangular TE mode to HE mode operation.

[0012] Preferably, the multi-band signal component includes: A semiconductor heat sink group, a multi-band antenna array, a multi-band filter group and an antenna array access end, wherein the side end of the antenna array access end forms a connection arrangement with the cavity slot antenna, and the semiconductor heat sink group is located at the bottom of the side end of the multi-band antenna array and is firmly connected to the inner surface of a five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider.

[0013] Preferably, the multi-band filter group is installed inside the multi-band antenna array, the side end of the multi-band filter group is connected to an amplifier, the other side end of the multi-band filter group is installed with an output signal end, the side end of the antenna array access end is installed with a processor, and the side end of the output signal end is installed with a multi-frequency signal generator.

[0014] Preferably, the processor is electrically connected to the multi-band filter group through a circuit, the side surface of the multi-band filter group is in contact with a heat pipe, and the side bottom of the heat pipe is in contact with the surface of the semiconductor heat sink group.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, when the electromagnetic interference signal generated by the built-in current sensor is detected by the cooperation of the dynamic electromagnetic protection component of the mode converter, it is fed back to the external microprocessor controller, and the external microprocessor controller sends a new control instruction to the output control motor, so that the output control motor controls the gear part and the locking rod to rotate, and utilizes the connectivity with the synchronous rotating gear and the multiple groups of locking grooves to synchronously drive the synchronous rotating gear and the multiple groups of locking grooves to rotate, and then when the synchronous rotating gear and the multiple groups of locking grooves rotate, the connecting L rod is utilized to realize the synchronous movement of the rotating positive charge gathering ring, and when the rotating positive charge gathering ring is in a rotating state, positive charges are gathered to form an electric field, which is convenient for the circular waveguide to occur. The microwave signal is generated and transmitted at the end to ensure efficient transmission of the signal. When it is in instantaneous operation, dynamic electromagnetic interference protection is performed. When the built-in current sensor detects feedback and the synchronous rotating gear and the rotating positive charge gathering ring are in a rotating state, the external microprocessor controller drives the micro-electromagnetic guide rod to guide and control the movement of the double-layer shielded absorbing arc plate, and the node balls at both ends of the double-layer shielded absorbing arc plate are respectively derived or brought back by the micro-electromagnetic guide rod, so that the double-layer shielded absorbing arc plate can dynamically adjust the left and right shielding and absorption directions of the electromagnetic waves of the double-layer shielded absorbing arc plate according to the direction of the interference signal detected by the above-mentioned built-in current sensor to reduce interference.

[0016] 2. In the present invention, the sliding position saddle is supported and guided in cooperation with the annular slewing rail to ensure its smooth movement. The slewing position saddle supports and guides the slot frame and the related structures it carries to ensure its smooth movement. Then, the drive angle rotation motor is controlled again through the control instructions of the external microprocessor controller. Thus, in cooperation with the angle rotation motor, the angle of the slot frame and the internal micro-pneumatic telescopic rod is controlled to drive the protective shielding arc wave plate connected to the micro-pneumatic telescopic rod to achieve dynamic shielding. The operation of the micro-pneumatic telescopic rod makes it easier for the protective shielding arc wave plate to synchronously protect the internal top of the large-diameter circular waveguide and the inside of the conical waveguide. In the operation of the annular slewing rail, the rotator is synchronously The node is located at the generating end of the circular waveguide and rotates outside the device body, and drives the active signal wave generator to form a smooth movement. The active signal wave generator actively protects the interference signal that is not effectively protected according to the operating direction of the protective shielding arc wave plate, that is, it generates a signal opposite to the interference signal, and dynamically adjusts the phase and amplitude of the signal to cancel each other out with the interference signal, thereby achieving dynamic interference elimination. The overall system can realize the mutual conversion between the circular waveguide TM mode and the rectangular waveguide TE mode, and can change the propagation direction of microwaves. At the same time, it can effectively reduce the strong electromagnetic interference of high-power microwave signals on surrounding electronic equipment, resulting in an impact on their normal operation, thereby improving the overall performance and ensuring its stable operation under high-power signals.

[0017] 3. In the present invention, by cooperating with a large-aperture circular waveguide, a power tolerance chamfer and a tapered waveguide, when the overall compact, high-efficiency, GW-level high-power microwave operation is adapted to the X-band, a large-aperture circular waveguide is used to transmit a high-power microwave signal, and the power tolerance chamfer is used to reduce signal reflection and loss, and the tapered waveguide is used to achieve a smooth transition between the large-aperture circular waveguide and the small-aperture circular waveguide, reducing signal reflection and loss, and then the small-aperture circular waveguide is used to terminate the signal transmission to prevent signal reflection and interference. Secondly, the front-end circular waveguide is used to form a connection through a docking waveguide ring to transmit the signal to the subsequent components for operation, and a circular waveguide radius gradient structure is introduced in the structure, which can effectively suppress the impure high-order modes contained in the microwave input and the high-order modes excited by the circular waveguide TM mode during the transmission process. At the same time, it has a simple structure, is easy to process and has a high power tolerance, and can ensure stable conversion and transmission performance in high-power system applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a compact, high-efficiency, GW-class high-power microwave system suitable for the X-band of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of a five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power splitter in a compact, high-efficiency, GW-class high-power microwave system suitable for the X-band of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-band signal component in a compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of a rectangular waveguide in a compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system suitable for the X-band according to the present invention; Figure 5 The present invention is a compact high-efficiency GW-class high-power microwave system suitable for X-band Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dynamic electromagnetic protection component of a mode converter in a compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a dynamic electromagnetic protection component of a mode converter in a compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a mode converter dynamic electromagnetic protection component in a compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band of the present invention; Fig. 9 The present invention is a compact high-efficiency GW-class high-power microwave system suitable for X-band Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B; Fig.10 The present invention is a compact high-efficiency GW-class high-power microwave system suitable for X-band Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at C; Fig.11 This is a S11 curve diagram of a compact, high-efficiency, GW-class high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band of the present invention; Fig.12 This is a radiation pattern of a compact, high-efficiency, GW-class high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band according to the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Dynamic electromagnetic protection component of mode converter; 101. Large-diameter circular waveguide; 102. Small-diameter circular waveguide with short terminal; 103. Power tolerance chamfer; 104. Docking waveguide ring; 105. Circular waveguide generating end; 106. Front-end diameter circular waveguide; 107. Synchronous rotating gear; 108. Snap-fit ​​groove; 109. Double-layer shielded absorbing arc plate; 1090. Rotating positive charge gathering ring; 1091. Connecting L rod; 1092. Rotator section; 1094. Active signal wave generator; 1095. Output control motor; 1096. Gear member; 1097. Clamping rod; 1098. Annular slewing rail; 1099. Sliding position saddle; 1010. Slot frame; 1011. Rotating hoop; 1012. Angle rotation motor; 1013. Micro pneumatic extension retractable rod; 1014, node ball; 1015, miniature electromagnetic guide rod; 2, rectangular waveguide; 3, five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider; 4, HT connector; 5, cavity gap antenna; 6, sealed cover box; 7, filter; 8, main amplifier; 9, auxiliary amplifier; 10, high-efficiency power converter; 11, docking guide cavity end; 12, multi-band signal component; 120, semiconductor heat sink group; 121, multi-band antenna array; 122, antenna array access end; 123, processor; 124, amplifier; 125, multi-band filter group; 126, output signal end; 127, heat pipe; 13, load dynamic conductor; 14, metal high guide rod; 15, phase change material connector; 16, dynamic feedback circuit; 17, optical coupler; 18, multi-frequency signal generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 - Fig.12 Shown: A compact, high-efficiency, GW-class high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band, comprising: The mode converter dynamic electromagnetic protection component 1 is installed on the side of the rectangular waveguide 2, and is used to realize the mutual conversion between the circular waveguide TM01 mode and the rectangular waveguide TE10 mode, and can change the microwave propagation direction. At the same time, it can dynamically perform point-to-point directional protection according to the operating direction of the electromagnetic interference signal generated by the built-in current sensor detection, and actively generate a signal opposite to the interference signal, so that it and the interference signal cancel each other out to eliminate interference; A five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider 3 is installed at the left and right ends of the rectangular waveguide 2 and connected to the butt guide cavity end 11 to improve the overall high-mode conversion rate through an internal adaptive low-loss and high-efficiency amplification structure; The cavity slot antenna 5 is mounted on the surface of the five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider 3 to form a rectangular waveguide feed, and the 8×8 planar array formed is sequentially connected with other components to form a large-scale microwave transmission radiation structure; The load dynamic conductor 13 is embedded on the left and right side surfaces of the rectangular waveguide 2 and forms active adjustment with the five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider 3 and a terminal; The multi-band signal component 12 is installed at the inner side end of the five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider 3 to form a symmetrical installation setting, which is used to form a multi-band signal operation to ensure that the response signal is effectively transmitted in different frequency bands and achieve interference suppression in the entire frequency band.

[0022] In the present invention, according to Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 - Fig.10 As shown, the mode converter dynamic electromagnetic protection component 1 includes: A large-diameter circular waveguide 101, a tapered waveguide, a short-circuited small-diameter circular waveguide 102, a power tolerance chamfer 103 and a front-end diameter circular waveguide 106; a docking waveguide ring 104 is installed at the connecting end of the large-diameter circular waveguide 101 and the front-end diameter circular waveguide 106; the tapered waveguide is integrally formed at the side end of the large-diameter circular waveguide 101 and is synchronously integrally formed with the short-circuited small-diameter circular waveguide 102; a circular waveguide generating end 105 is installed inside the large-diameter circular waveguide 101, the tapered waveguide and the short-circuited small-diameter circular waveguide 102; an output control motor 1095 is installed on the side wall surface of the large-diameter circular waveguide 101; a gear part 1096 and a clamping rod 1097 are respectively connected to the bottom output end of the output control motor 1095; the clamping rod 1097 and the gear part 1096 form an installation arrangement.

[0023] The side end of the gear part 1096 is meshedly connected with the synchronous rotating tooth 107, and a plurality of groups of locking grooves 108 are arranged around the surface of the synchronous rotating tooth 107. The locking rod 1097 and the plurality of locking grooves 108 form a rotational locking. The side end of the synchronous rotating tooth 107 is fastened with the connecting L rod 1091, and the bottom of the connecting L rod 1091 is fastened with the rotating positive charge gathering ring 1090. The rotating positive charge gathering ring 1090 and the bottom of the synchronous rotating tooth 107 are fastened with a plurality of groups of mounting frames, and miniature electromagnetic guide rods 1015 are symmetrically installed at the left and right ends inside the plurality of groups of mounting frames.

[0024] The side end of the micro-electromagnetic guide rod 1015 is connected to a joint ball 1014 through a contact block, the bottom of the joint ball 1014 is rotatably connected to a double-layer shielded wave-absorbing arc plate 109, the top surface of the joint ball 1014 is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, the connecting rod and the rotating positive charge gathering ring 1090 and the bottom wall side surface of the synchronous rotating gear 107 are tightly connected, the internal equal parts of the synchronous rotating gear 107 are tightly connected to a top L rod, the top of the top L rod is installed with an annular slewing rail 1098, the internal sliding connection of the annular slewing rail 1098 is connected to a sliding position saddle 1099, the side end surface of the sliding position saddle 1099 is tightly connected to a slot frame 1010, and the internal trough body of the slot frame 1010 is rotatably connected to a rotating hoop 1011.

[0025] An angle rotation motor 1012 is installed at the side end of the slot frame 1010, and a micro pneumatic telescopic rod 1013 is installed inside the slot frame 1010. The side end of the micro pneumatic telescopic rod 1013 is fastened with a protective shielding arc wave plate. The protective shielding arc wave plate has the same structure as the double-layer shielding absorbing arc wave plate 109. The top end of the top L rod is fastened with a rotator section 1092, and active signal wave generators 1094 are evenly divided and installed on the circumferential surface of the rotator section 1092.

[0026] In a specific solution, when the overall compact, high-efficiency, GW-class high-power microwave is operated in the X-band, a large-aperture circular waveguide 101 is used to transmit high-power microwave signals, and a power tolerance chamfer 103 is used to reduce signal reflection and loss, and a tapered waveguide is used to achieve a smooth transition between the large-aperture circular waveguide 101 and the small-aperture circular waveguide 102 with a short terminal circuit, thereby reducing signal reflection and loss. Then, the small-aperture circular waveguide 102 with a short terminal circuit is used to terminate signal transmission to prevent signal reflection and interference. Next, a front-end circular waveguide 106 is used to form a connection through a docking waveguide ring 104, and the signal is transmitted to subsequent components for operation. Then, when the built-in current sensor detects the generated electromagnetic interference signal, it is fed back to an external microprocessor control. The controller makes the external microprocessor controller send a new control instruction to the output control motor 1095, so that the output control motor 1095 controls the gear 1096 and the locking rod 1097 to rotate, and utilizes the connectivity with the synchronous rotating gear 107 and the multiple groups of locking grooves 108 to synchronously drive the synchronous rotating gear 107 and the multiple groups of locking grooves 108 to rotate, and then when the synchronous rotating gear 107 and the multiple groups of locking grooves 108 rotate, the connecting L rod 1091 is utilized to realize the synchronous movement of the rotating positive charge gathering ring 1090, and when the rotating positive charge gathering ring 1090 is in a rotating state, positive charges are gathered to form an electric field, so as to facilitate the generation and transmission of microwave signals at the circular waveguide generating end 105, ensure the efficient transmission of signals, and when it is in instantaneous operation, Dynamic protection against electromagnetic interference is performed, and when the synchronous rotating gear 107 and the rotating positive charge gathering ring 1090 are in a rotating state according to the feedback detected by the built-in current sensor, the external microprocessor controller drives the micro electromagnetic guide rod 1015 to guide and control the movement of the double-layer shielded wave absorbing arc plate 109, and the node balls 1014 at both ends of the double-layer shielded wave absorbing arc plate 109 are respectively derived or brought back by the micro electromagnetic guide rod 1015, so that the double-layer shielded wave absorbing arc plate 109 can dynamically adjust the left and right shielding and absorption directions of the electromagnetic waves of the double-layer shielded wave absorbing arc plate 109 according to the direction of the interference signal detected by the above-mentioned built-in current sensor to reduce interference, and then with the cooperation of the annular turn rail 1098, the support and guide slide The saddle 1099 in the moving position ensures its smooth movement. The saddle 1099 in the sliding position supports and guides the slot frame 1010 and the related structures it carries to ensure its smooth movement. Then, the control instruction of the external microprocessor controller is used to control the driving angle rotation motor 1012 again. Thus, with the cooperation of the angle rotation motor 1012, the angle of the slot frame 1010 and the internal micro-pneumatic telescopic rod 1013 is controlled to drive the protective shielding arc wave plate connected to the micro-pneumatic telescopic rod 1013 to realize dynamic shielding. The operation of the micro-pneumatic telescopic rod 1013 makes it easier for the protective shielding arc wave plate to synchronously protect the internal top of the large-diameter circular waveguide 101 and the inside of the conical waveguide. Among them, under the operation of the annular transfer rail 1098,Synchronously, the rotating device section 1092 located at the generating end 105 of the circular waveguide rotates outside the device body, and drives the active signal wave generator 1094 to form a smooth movement. The active signal wave generator 1094 actively protects the interference signal that is not effectively protected according to the working direction of the protective shielding arc wave plate, that is, generates a signal opposite to the interference signal, and dynamically adjusts the phase and amplitude of the signal so that it cancels out the interference signal and realizes dynamic interference elimination. The overall mutual conversion between the circular waveguide TM01 mode and the rectangular waveguide TE10 mode is realized, and the propagation direction of the microwave can be changed. At the same time, it can effectively reduce the strong electromagnetic interference of the high-power microwave signal to the surrounding electronic equipment, affecting its normal operation, improving the overall performance, ensuring its stable operation under high-power signals, and introducing a circular waveguide radius gradient structure in the structure, which can effectively suppress the impure high-order mode contained in the microwave input and the high-order mode excited by the circular waveguide TM01 mode during the transmission process. At the same time, it has a simple structure, is easy to process and has a high power tolerance, which can ensure stable conversion and transmission performance in high-power system applications.

[0027] It should be noted that in order to suppress the impure higher-order modes contained in the microwave input and the higher-order modes excited by the circular waveguide TM01 mode during the transmission process, a structural conical waveguide with a circular waveguide radius transformation is added to the mode converter. Since the adjacent higher-order mode of the circular waveguide TM01 mode is TE21, the radius of the small-diameter circular waveguide 102 with a terminal short circuit in the mode converter can be obtained according to the following cutoff frequency calculation formula when the circular waveguide transmits the TE mode.

[0028] Where is the derivative of the Bessel function (i.e. ), which can be obtained by consulting the Bessel function formula table. The radius of the small-diameter circular waveguide is also used as the long side dimension of the output rectangular waveguide, and the remaining dimensions are optimized by satisfying the power tolerance and the minimum constraint condition.

[0029] It should be noted that the mode converter of the present invention operates in the X-band, the conversion efficiency can reach 94%, the return loss is less than -20dB at the operating frequency, and can efficiently and stably realize the mutual conversion between the circular waveguide TM01 mode and the rectangular waveguide TE10 mode.

[0030] It should be noted that the breakdown threshold of the metal surface under the action of continuous waves when the center frequency is and the breakdown threshold of the metal surface under the action of short pulses (the pulse width of the short pulse) can be calculated by the following formulas respectively, and it can be obtained that the breakdown threshold of the metal surface is not less than 1 MV / cm when working at the center frequency (pulse width is 20ns).

[0031] In the present invention, according to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a metal high guide rod 14 is installed inside the load dynamic conductor 13, and a phase change material connector 15 is fastened to the side end of the load dynamic conductor 13. A dynamic feedback circuit 16 is connected to the side end of the phase change material connector 15. The dynamic feedback circuit 16 consists of a low-area feedback circuit and a high-area feedback circuit. An optical coupler 17 is connected inside the dynamic feedback circuit 16.

[0032] The top of the five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power splitter 3 is fastened with a sealed cover box 6, a filter 7 is installed inside the sealed cover box 6, a main amplifier 8 and an auxiliary amplifier 9 are installed inside the filter 7 respectively, the main amplifier 8 and the auxiliary amplifier 9 are connected in parallel through lines, a high-efficiency power converter 10 is connected to the bottom of the main amplifier 8 and the auxiliary amplifier 9, and an HT connector 4 is installed on the side end of the five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power splitter 3, the HT connector 4 forms a fan-shaped rectangular TE mode to HE mode operation.

[0033] In a specific solution, a metal high guide rod 14 is used as a signal transmission path of a load dynamic conductor 13 to reduce energy loss during signal transmission and ensure efficient signal transmission. Under the action of a phase change material connector 15, heat is absorbed and released to maintain temperature stability and improve the thermal management effect of the overall load dynamic conductor 13 during transmission operation. Then, with the cooperation of a dynamic feedback circuit 16, the load impedance changes generated when the load dynamic conductor 13 performs signal transmission are monitored in real time. The load impedance changes formed are fed back to the low-area feedback circuit and the high-area feedback circuit in a timely manner, and then switched and adjusted to effectively ensure the best matching of the load impedance when the overall signal is transmitted. Then, under the action of an optical coupler 17, the feedback signal is isolated and transmitted to ensure signal stability and reliability. The five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider 3 divides the input signal The signal is evenly distributed to the two load dynamic conductors 13 and the docking guide cavity end 11 to ensure efficient transmission of the signal, wherein the filter 7 is used to filter out unnecessary frequency components, reduce the influence of interference signals, and ensure the purity of the signal. Then, the main amplifier 8 and the auxiliary amplifier 9 are automatically adjusted in parallel according to the signal frequency band after being filtered by the filter 7 to ensure efficient transmission and amplification of the signal. Then, with the cooperation of the high-efficiency power converter 10, a stable power supply is provided for the filter 7, the main amplifier 8 and the auxiliary amplifier 9 to reduce the energy loss in the power conversion process and ensure efficient conversion and stable supply of the power supply. The HT connector 4 realizes the fan-shaped rectangular TE mode to HE mode operation to ensure efficient transmission and conversion of the signal, and effectively improves the overall performance and reliability of the compact, high-efficiency, GW-level high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band.

[0034] It should be noted that the HT connector 4 can achieve one-to-two power distribution, the two output ports are short-circuited respectively, and the antenna unit of the cavity slot antenna 5 adopts four rectangular slots etched on the metal cavity structure, and the unit feeding method is rectangular waveguide feeding, which can ensure a certain power capacity while obtaining a higher gain. According to the rectangular resonant cavity theory, each slot works in the TE110 mode, while the metal cavity is the TE220 mode. The main parameters of the rectangular cavity slot antenna 5 can be calculated according to the following formula.

[0035] In order to better utilize the electric field inside the metal cavity and adjust the impedance matching of the antenna unit of the cavity slot antenna 5, the S11 of the antenna unit of the cavity slot antenna 5 in the corresponding working frequency band is less than -15dB, the unit gain in the band is above 13dB, and the unit 3dB beam width of the working center frequency is 39.6°.

[0036] in Fig.11 and Fig.12 The S11 curve and radiation pattern of the high-power microwave system in the embodiment of the present invention are shown.

[0037] The network of the 8×8 rectangular cavity slot antenna 5, HT connector 4 and five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider 3 is connected in sequence to form a single-pulse cavity slot array antenna. Since the rectangular waveguide apertures at the input end of the power division network and the output end of the TM01-TE10 mode converter are different, a horn waveguide is added between the two parts as a transition connection structure to form the entire high-power microwave system. The system has an S11 of less than -15dB within the working bandwidth and an antenna array radiation gain of more than 30dB.

[0038] In the present invention, according to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the multi-band signal component 12 includes: The semiconductor heat sink group 120, the multi-band antenna array 121, the multi-band filter group 125 and the antenna array access end 122, the side end of the antenna array access end 122 and the cavity slot antenna 5 form a connection arrangement, the semiconductor heat sink group 120 is located at the bottom of the side end of the multi-band antenna array 121, and is tightly connected to the inner surface of the five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider 3.

[0039] The multi-band filter group 125 is installed inside the multi-band antenna array 121, the side end of the multi-band filter group 125 is connected to the amplifier 124, the other side end of the multi-band filter group 125 is installed with the output signal terminal 126, the side end of the antenna array access terminal 122 is installed with the processor 123, and the side end of the output signal terminal 126 is installed with the multi-frequency signal generator 18.

[0040] The processor 123 is electrically connected to the multi-band filter group 125 through a line. The side surface of the multi-band filter group 125 is in contact with a heat pipe 127 , and the side bottom of the heat pipe 127 is in contact with the surface of the semiconductor heat sink group 120 .

[0041] In a specific solution, when the cavity slot antenna 5 performs microwave transmission and radiation operation, the connection formed by the antenna array access terminal 122 and the cavity slot antenna 5 is used to receive signals of different frequency bands using the multi-band antenna array 121, supporting the X-band and other related frequency bands, ensuring that the signal is transmitted to the multi-band filter group 125, and then, with the cooperation of the multi-band filter group 125, unnecessary frequency components are filtered out to reduce the influence of interference signals, so that the appropriate filter type can be selected according to the signal frequency band to ensure the purity of the signal, and then the amplifier 124 is used to amplify the filtered signal, and it can be based on the signals of different frequency bands, while ensuring the strength and quality of the signal. When the multi-band filter group 125 is operated at high power, the temperature of the multi-band filter group 125 is controlled within a safe range, and the multi-band filter group 125 is effectively controlled at high power by the heat pipe 127, and the contact with the surface of the semiconductor heat sink group 120 is used to ensure efficient heat conduction.

[0042] The wiring diagram of the active signal wave generator 1094, rotating positive charge gathering ring 1090, output control motor 1095, angle rotation motor 1012, micro pneumatic telescopic rod 1013, micro electromagnetic guide rod 1015 and built-in current sensor in the present invention is common knowledge in the field, and its working principle is a well-known technology. The model is selected according to the actual use. Therefore, the control method and wiring arrangement of the active signal wave generator 1094, rotating positive charge gathering ring 1090, output control motor 1095, angle rotation motor 1012, micro pneumatic telescopic rod 1013, micro electromagnetic guide rod 1015 and built-in current sensor will no longer be explained in detail.

[0043] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band, characterized by: Included are: A mode converter dynamic electromagnetic protection component (1) is installed on the side of the rectangular waveguide (2) and is used to realize the mutual conversion between the circular waveguide TM01 mode and the rectangular waveguide TE10 mode, and is capable of changing the microwave propagation direction, while dynamically performing fixed-point directional protection according to the operating direction of the electromagnetic interference signal generated by the built-in current sensor detection, and actively generating a signal opposite to the interference signal so that the signal and the interference signal cancel each other out, thereby eliminating the interference; A five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider (3) is installed at the left and right ends of the rectangular waveguide (2) and connected to the butted guide cavity end (11), and is used to improve the overall high-mode conversion rate through an internal adaptive low-loss and high-efficiency amplification structure; A cavity slot antenna (5) is mounted on the surface of a five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider (3) and is used to form a rectangular waveguide feed, and the formed 8×8 planar array is sequentially connected with other components to form a large-scale microwave transmission radiation structure; A load dynamic conductor (13) is embedded on the left and right surfaces of the rectangular waveguide (2) and forms active adjustment with a terminal of a five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider (3); The multi-band signal component (12) is installed at the inner side end of the five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power splitter (3) to form a symmetrical installation arrangement, and is used to form a multi-band signal operation, ensure that the response signal is effectively transmitted in different frequency bands, and realize interference suppression in the entire frequency band.

2. The compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mode converter dynamic electromagnetic protection component (1) comprises: A large-diameter circular waveguide (101), a tapered waveguide, a short-circuited small-diameter circular waveguide (102), a power tolerance chamfer (103), and a front-end diameter circular waveguide (106); a docking waveguide ring (104) is installed at the connecting end of the large-diameter circular waveguide (101) and the front-end diameter circular waveguide (106); the tapered waveguide is integrally formed at the side end of the large-diameter circular waveguide (101) and is synchronously integrally formed with the short-circuited small-diameter circular waveguide (102); the large-diameter circular waveguide (101) and the front-end diameter circular waveguide (106) are connected to each other. A circular waveguide generating end (105) is installed inside the aperture circular waveguide (101), the tapered waveguide and the short-circuited small aperture circular waveguide (102); an output control motor (1095) is installed on the side wall surface of the large aperture circular waveguide (101); a gear member (1096) and a locking rod (1097) are respectively connected to the bottom output end of the output control motor (1095); the locking rod (1097) and the gear member (1096) form an installation arrangement.

3. The compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side end of the gear member (1096) is meshedly connected with a synchronous rotating tooth (107), and a plurality of groups of locking grooves (108) are arranged around the surface of the synchronous rotating tooth (107). The locking rod (1097) and the plurality of groups of locking grooves (108) form a rotational locking engagement. The side end of the synchronous rotating tooth (107) is fastenedly connected with a connecting L rod (1091), and the bottom of the connecting L rod (1091) is fastenedly connected with a rotating positive charge gathering ring (1090). The rotating positive charge gathering ring (1090) and the bottom of the synchronous rotating tooth (107) are fastenedly connected with a plurality of groups of mounting frames, and micro-electromagnetic guide rods (1015) are symmetrically installed at the left and right ends of the plurality of groups of mounting frames.

4. The compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side end of the micro-electromagnetic guide rod (1015) is connected to a joint ball (1014) via a contact block; the bottom of the joint ball (1014) is rotatably connected to a double-layer shielded wave-absorbing arc plate (109); the top surface of the joint ball (1014) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod; the connecting rod is tightly connected to the rotating positive charge gathering ring (1090) and the bottom wall side surface of the synchronous rotating gear (107); the interior of the synchronous rotating gear (107) is tightly connected to a top L rod; the top of the top L rod is installed with an annular turning rail (1098); the interior of the annular turning rail (1098) is slidably connected to a sliding position saddle (1099); the side end surface of the sliding position saddle (1099) is tightly connected to a slot frame (1010); the slot body of the slot frame (1010) is rotatably connected to a rotating hoop (1011).

5. The compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band according to claim 4, characterized in that: An angle rotation motor (1012) is installed at the side end of the slot frame (1010), a micro pneumatic telescopic rod (1013) is installed inside the slot frame (1010), a protective shielding arc wave plate is fastened to the side end of the micro pneumatic telescopic rod (1013), the protective shielding arc wave plate and the double-layer shielding absorbing arc wave plate (109) have the same structure, the top end of the top L rod is fastened to a rotator section (1092), and active signal wave generators (1094) are evenly divided and installed on the circumferential surface of the rotator section (1092).

6. The compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band according to claim 1, characterized in that: A metal high guide rod (14) is installed inside the load dynamic conductor (13), a phase change material connector (15) is fastened to the side end of the load dynamic conductor (13), a dynamic feedback circuit (16) is connected to the side end of the phase change material connector (15), the dynamic feedback circuit (16) is composed of a low-region feedback circuit and a high-region feedback circuit, and an optical coupler (17) is connected inside the dynamic feedback circuit (16).

7. The compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power splitter (3) is fastened with a sealed cover box (6), a filter (7) is installed inside the sealed cover box (6), a main amplifier (8) and an auxiliary amplifier (9) are installed inside the filter (7), the main amplifier (8) and the auxiliary amplifier (9) are connected in parallel through a line, a high-efficiency power converter (10) is connected to the bottom of the main amplifier (8) and the auxiliary amplifier (9), and an HT connector (4) is installed on the side end of the five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power splitter (3), and the HT connector (4) forms a fan-shaped rectangular TE mode to HE mode operation.

8. The compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-band signal component (12) comprises: A semiconductor heat sink group (120), a multi-band antenna array (121), a multi-band filter group (125), and an antenna array access end (122); a side end of the antenna array access end (122) and a cavity slot antenna (5) form a connection arrangement; the semiconductor heat sink group (120) is located at the bottom of the side end of the multi-band antenna array (121) and is tightly connected to the inner surface of a five-stage cascaded T-shaped one-to-two power divider (3).

9. The compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band according to claim 8, characterized in that: The multi-band filter group (125) is installed inside the multi-band antenna array (121); a side end of the multi-band filter group (125) is connected to an amplifier (124); an output signal end (126) is installed on the other side end of the multi-band filter group (125); a processor (123) is installed on the side end of the antenna array access end (122); and a multi-frequency signal generator (18) is installed on the side end of the output signal end (126).

10. The compact, high-efficiency, GW-class, high-power microwave system adapted to the X-band according to claim 9, characterized in that: The processor (123) is electrically connected to the multi-band filter group (125) via a line, the side surface of the multi-band filter group (125) is in contact with a heat pipe (127), and the side bottom of the heat pipe (127) is in contact with the surface of the semiconductor heat sink group (120).

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