An energy dissipation device for a spillway

Abstract

The present invention discloses an energy dissipation device for a spillway, which relates to the field of water conservancy projects. It includes a spillway, a conduit and an energy dissipation component. The spillway and the conduit divide the water flow into two parts at the water inlet. The conduit is a loop-shaped pipeline and is located above the water flow direction of the spillway, so that the two water flows form a convection at the confluence. The energy dissipation component is located at the confluence. The energy dissipation component includes a plurality of shielding columns and a disturbance device. The shielding columns and the disturbance device cause the two water flows to form a large number of fine water streams at the confluence, and the flow directions are opposite in different regions or channels. The present invention dissipates energy by dividing the water flow into two opposing flows, reducing the dependence on a large number of shielding objects and avoiding affecting the flood discharge speed. The energy dissipation component at the confluence causes the water flow to form a large number of fine water streams, which flow in opposite directions and collide with each other to offset, greatly consuming the energy of the water flow, and at the same time solving the problem of poor energy dissipation effect caused by few shielding objects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of water conservancy projects, and particularly to an energy dissipation device for a spillway. Background Art

[0002] As a key flood control device for water conservancy buildings such as reservoirs, the spillway undertakes an important mission. When the water level of the reservoir exceeds the safety limit, the spillway can timely discharge the excess water to the downstream, effectively preventing the dam from being damaged due to excessive water level and ensuring the safety of water conservancy facilities and the surrounding areas. And the energy dissipation of the spillway is an extremely important link in the entire flood discharge process. Its core purpose is to efficiently convert and dissipate the huge energy carried by the discharged water flow through specific designs and facilities, so as to reduce the scouring damage of the water flow to the downstream riverbed and ensure the stability and safety of the dam and the downstream area.

[0003] Currently, in the field of spillway energy dissipation technology, there are already a variety of different solutions. For example, the "energy dissipation device for a spillway" disclosed in Patent CN202323596901.5 and the "novel arc-shaped cylindrical sidewall spillway energy dissipation system" of Patent CN202110499292.8, etc. These existing technologies have achieved the function of spillway energy dissipation to a certain extent. Most of them set obstacles on the flood discharge path and use the blocking, friction, etc. of the obstacles on the water flow to consume the water flow energy and achieve the energy dissipation effect.

[0004] However, this type of energy dissipation method based on obstacles has obvious defects. On the one hand, if too many obstacles are set on the spillway path, although it can increase the consumption of water flow energy and improve the energy dissipation effect to a certain extent, it will inevitably hinder the smooth passage of the water flow, resulting in a significant slowdown in the flood discharge speed. In an emergency when the flood is fierce, the slow flood discharge speed may cause the water level of the reservoir to rise rapidly, increasing the pressure on the dam and posing a serious threat to the dam safety. On the other hand, if the number of obstacles is reduced to ensure the flood discharge speed, the blocking and interference on the water flow will be correspondingly reduced, and the energy dissipation effect will be difficult to reach the ideal state. The water flow with insufficient energy dissipation will carry a large amount of energy to impact the downstream riverbed, and may cause the riverbed to be severely scoured in the long term, damaging the surrounding ecological environment and the foundation of water conservancy facilities, and affecting the long-term stable operation of water conservancy projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an energy dissipation device for a spillway. This device divides the water flow into two streams by means of the spillway and a conduit, and makes these two water streams impact against each other to achieve energy dissipation, thereby reducing the dependence on a large number of obstacles and avoiding the influence on the flood discharge speed due to excessive obstacles. At the same time, an energy dissipation component is arranged at the impact position of the two water streams. This component can disturb the impact position of the water flow. When the two water streams pass through the energy dissipation component, a large number of diverging flows will be generated. These diverging flows can fully contact and cancel each other's energy. In this way, the problem that the energy dissipation effect becomes worse due to fewer obstacles is solved simultaneously.

[0006] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An energy dissipation device for a spillway, comprising:

[0008] A spillway and a conduit. The spillway and the conduit divide the water flow into two parts at the water inlet. Among them, the conduit is a loop pipeline and is located above the water flow direction of the spillway. The end of the conduit forms a confluence with the water flow of the spillway and forms a countercurrent at the confluence.

[0009] An energy dissipation component. The energy dissipation component is located at the confluence. The energy dissipation component includes a plurality of shielding columns and a disturbance device. The shielding columns and the disturbance device cause the two water streams to form a large number of fine streamlets at the confluence, and the flow directions are opposite in different regions or channels.

[0010] In this solution, the conduit is a loop pipeline and is located above the water flow direction of the spillway, so that the two water streams form a countercurrent at the confluence, effectively avoiding setting too many obstacles on the spillway path, preventing the flood discharge speed from slowing down due to excessive obstacles, and at the same time using the impact of the water streams to achieve preliminary energy dissipation. The energy dissipation component located at the confluence includes a plurality of shielding columns and a disturbance device. The shielding columns and the disturbance device cause the water flow to form a large number of fine streamlets, and the flow directions of these fine streamlets are opposite in different regions or channels, colliding and canceling each other, thereby greatly consuming the energy of the water flow and achieving secondary energy dissipation, solving the problem that the energy dissipation effect will become worse due to fewer obstacles.

[0011] As an optimized scheme of the energy dissipation device for the spillway, the shielding column includes a cylindrical section and a conical column section. One end of the cylindrical section is connected to the wall surface of the spillway, and the other end of the cylindrical section is connected to the conical column section;

[0012] Among them, a plurality of first circular rings are arranged on the side wall surface of the conical column section facing the water flow direction of the spillway, and the first circular rings are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the conical column section.

[0013] In this solution, the shielding column is composed of a cylindrical section and a conical column section. The cylindrical section is connected to the spillway wall to play a stable supporting role, ensuring the stability of the shielding column in the spillway. The conical column section is axially spaced with a plurality of first rings facing the water flow direction of the spillway. When the water flow passes through, these rings can have a strong interference effect on the water flow. On the one hand, the rings will force the water flow to change its direction, forming a complex turbulent state, increasing the internal friction loss of the water flow, consuming the energy of the water flow, and enhancing the energy dissipation effect. On the other hand, the plurality of axially spaced rings can divide the water flow into numerous small streamlets, and these small streamlets collide and interweave with each other, further enhancing the energy dissipation. Moreover, the flow directions of different streamlets cancel each other out during the collision process, effectively reducing the overall kinetic energy of the water flow.

[0014] As an optimized solution for the spillway energy dissipation device, the first ring is connected to the conical column section through a first cross bar, wherein the first ring is obliquely upward arranged along the water flow direction of the spillway.

[0015] In this solution, the obliquely upward arranged first ring changes the force condition when the water flow contacts the ring. When the water flow impacts the ring, upward and lateral component forces will be generated due to the inclination angle of the ring. The upward component force makes part of the water flow rise upward, fully contact with the air, increasing the air resistance to consume the energy of the water flow. The lateral component force makes the water flow disperse to both sides, prompting the water flow to form more small streamlets, and these small streamlets collide and interfere with each other, further dissipating energy. At the same time, the connection of the first cross bar not only stabilizes the position of the first ring, ensuring that it can play a stable role, but also blocks the water flow to a certain extent to assist in energy dissipation. Through multiple such obliquely upward arranged and axially spaced first rings to interfere with, divert and consume the energy of the water flow in all directions, the energy dissipation effect of the spillway energy dissipation device is significantly improved.

[0016] As an optimized solution for the spillway energy dissipation device, a first flat groove is also provided between adjacent first rings, and the first flat groove is a flat section provided on the side wall surface of the conical column section facing the water flow direction of the spillway.

[0017] In this solution, the first flat groove is a flat section on the side wall surface of the conical column section facing the water flow direction of the spillway. When the water flow passes through, first, the originally relatively regular flow pattern will be changed due to the existence of the flat groove. When the water flow impacts the flat groove, it will disperse to both sides under the action of the flat surface, and the flying water flow will generate friction with the air, thereby consuming the energy of the water flow. Moreover, the flat groove cooperates with the obliquely upward arranged first ring. The first ring makes the water flow rise upward and disperse to the side, and the flat groove further strengthens the lateral dispersion effect of the water flow, making the energy consumption of the water flow more sufficient. The plurality of first flat grooves are axially spaced, and can continuously interfere with and cut the energy of the water flow, greatly improving the energy dissipation efficiency of the energy dissipation device in this area.

[0018] As an optimized scheme for the energy dissipation device of the spillway, the conduit includes a first straight pipe section and a second straight pipe section. The first straight pipe section is arranged to incline downward by 5-10°, and the first straight pipe section and the second straight pipe section are connected together through an elbow pipe;

[0019] Wherein, the included angle between the first straight pipe section and the second straight pipe section is set as ∠a, and the included angle between the slope of the spillway and the horizontal plane is set as ∠b. The included angle ∠b ± 3-5° = the included angle ∠a.

[0020] In this scheme, the first straight pipe section is arranged to incline downward by 5-10°, which facilitates the water flow to flow into the conduit more smoothly under the action of gravity and enter the subsequent pipe sections at a certain speed and angle. At the same time, the first straight pipe section and the second straight pipe section are connected through an elbow pipe, and the included angle ∠a between them and the included angle ∠b between the slope of the spillway and the horizontal plane satisfy ∠b ± 3°-5° = ∠a. When the spillway discharges flood, part of the water flow slides down along the spillway naturally, and another part of the water flow enters the conduit. Due to the inclined angle of the conduit, the water flow flowing out of the conduit can meet the water flow sliding down along the spillway at the confluence port at a suitable angle and form a convection, ensuring that the two water flows can effectively counteract each other. During the counteraction process, the kinetic energy of the water flow is mutually offset, achieving efficient energy dissipation. And the appropriate angle setting also ensures the smooth flow of the water flow in the conduit, and will not cause water flow blockage or abnormal flow velocity due to unreasonable angles, which not only ensures the energy dissipation effect but also maintains the normal speed of flood discharge.

[0021] As an optimized scheme for the energy dissipation device of the spillway, an energy dissipation plate is hinged to the lower side of the inner side wall of the second straight pipe section, and a spring is also connected between the energy dissipation plate and the inner side wall of the second straight pipe section.

[0022] In this scheme, when the water flow flows through the second straight pipe section and impacts the energy dissipation plate, the spring can play a buffering role, effectively slowing down the direct impact force of the water flow on the energy dissipation plate, and then absorbing part of the water flow energy, playing an auxiliary energy dissipation effect. At the same time, since the energy dissipation plate is hinged, it will swing reciprocally under the cooperation of the spring after being impacted by the water flow. This kind of swing can change the original flow direction of the water flow, making the flow direction of the water flow flowing out of the conduit more complex and diverse. When this part of the water flow intersects with the water flow sliding down naturally in the spillway, the water flows in different directions collide and interweave with each other, enhancing the energy loss between the water flows and further improving the overall energy dissipation efficiency of the energy dissipation device.

[0023] As an optimized scheme for the energy dissipation device of the spillway, the disturbance device includes a conical platform, a rotating shaft and a water wheel;

[0024] Wherein, the frustum is fixedly connected to the end of the water outlet of the second straight pipe section. A rotation hole is provided in the middle of the frustum. The lower end of the rotating shaft passes through the rotation hole and is rotatably connected to the rotation hole. The upper end of the rotating shaft passes upward through the first straight pipe section and extends into the first straight pipe section;

[0025] Wherein, the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the water wheel, and a plurality of disturbing rods are connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft.

[0026] In this solution, the frustum fixedly connected to the end of the water outlet of the second straight pipe section first plays a preliminary blocking and dispersing role on the flowing water, changing the flow direction of the water so that it is more likely to collide with the main flow in the spillway and consume part of the energy. The lower end of the rotating shaft passes through the rotation hole in the middle of the frustum and can rotate flexibly, providing a support basis for the operation of subsequent components. The water wheel at the upper end of the rotating shaft is located in the first straight pipe section. When the water flow passes by, it pushes the water wheel to rotate, and then drives the rotating shaft and a plurality of disturbing rods connected to the lower end to rotate together. The rotating disturbing rods continuously disturb the impact area of the two water flows, disrupting the original flow pattern of the water flow, making the water flow form more fine turbulences. These turbulences intersect and collide with each other, further consuming the energy of the water flow. Moreover, through the action of the disturbing rods, the huge impact force generated when the two water flows collide can be alleviated, preventing the water flow from overflowing too much to the outside of the spillway due to excessive impact force.

[0027] As an optimized solution of the spillway energy dissipation device, the disturbing rods are arranged at intervals along the axis of the rotating shaft and are distributed between adjacent first rings.

[0028] In this solution, the disturbing rods arranged at intervals increase the disturbance range of the water flow. As the rotating shaft drives the disturbing rods to rotate, the disturbing rods at different positions can continuously and comprehensively interfere with the water flow, making the water flow form complex turbulences in a larger area and fully consuming the energy of the water flow. At the same time, being distributed between adjacent first rings enables the disturbing rods to cooperate with the energy dissipation effect of the first rings. The first rings disperse the water flow, change the flow direction, and generate fine streamlets, while the disturbing rods further stir between these streamlets, intensifying the collision and friction between the streamlets and enhancing the energy dissipation effect.

[0029] As an optimized solution of the spillway energy dissipation device, a plurality of second plane grooves are provided on one side of the frustum facing the water flow direction.

[0030] In this solution, when the water flow impacts the conical platform, these second planar grooves will change the movement trajectory of the water flow, causing the water flow to disperse to both sides and prompting the water flow to form more fine streamlets. During the dispersion process of the water flow, the contact area with the air increases, and the air resistance does more work on the water flow, thereby consuming part of the energy of the water flow. At the same time, the fine streamlets after dispersion collide and rub against each other, further exacerbating the energy loss. The setting of multiple second planar grooves can continuously interfere with the water flow and cut down the energy, comprehensively improving the energy dissipation effect.

[0031] As an optimized solution for the energy dissipation device of the spillway, a second cross bar is further provided on the conical platform. One end of the second cross bar is fixedly connected to a second ring, and the second ring is arranged obliquely upward along the water flow direction of the spillway.

[0032] In this solution, the second ring arranged obliquely upward will generate upward and lateral component forces on the water flow when impacted by the water flow. The upward component force makes part of the water flow rise, increasing the contact area with the air and consuming energy through air resistance; the lateral component force disperses the water flow to form more fine streamlets, and these streamlets collide and interfere with each other, further reducing the energy of the water flow. The second cross bar not only stabilizes the position of the second ring to ensure its stable function, but also can block the water flow to a certain extent and assist in energy dissipation. Multiple such second rings cooperate with structures such as the second planar grooves on the conical platform, the disturbance rods, and the first rings on the shielding columns to comprehensively interfere with the water flow, enhance the friction and collision between the water flows, and greatly improve the overall performance of the energy dissipation device.

[0033] As an optimized solution for the energy dissipation device of the spillway, the disturbance device further includes a support seat. The lower side of the support seat is connected to the spillway, and a guiding hole is provided on the upper side of the support seat. The lower end of the rotating shaft extends into the guiding hole and rotates within the guiding hole.

[0034] In this solution, the guiding hole provided on the upper side of the support seat cooperates with the lower end of the rotating shaft to play an accurate guiding and supporting role. The lower end of the rotating shaft extends into the guiding hole and rotates therein, ensuring the stability of the rotating shaft during rotation and preventing it from shifting, swinging, etc. during the rotation process.

[0035] As an optimized solution for the energy dissipation device of the spillway, an inclined deflector is connected within the first straight pipe section, and the deflector enables the water flow to flow through one side of the water wheel.

[0036] In this solution, when water flows through the guide plate and impacts one side of the water wheel directionally, it can concentrate its force to drive the water wheel to rotate. Compared with the situation where water impacts the water wheel randomly without guidance, this method greatly improves the rotation efficiency of the water wheel. The high-speed rotation of the water wheel then drives the rotating shaft and the disturbance rod connected to the rotating shaft to rotate stably and rapidly, enabling the disturbance rod to more powerfully disturb the impact point of the two water flows. With the enhanced disturbance effect, the water flow pattern can be more effectively disrupted, promoting the formation of more fine turbulences in the water flow, increasing the internal friction and mutual collision of the water flow, further consuming the energy of the water flow, and enhancing the overall energy dissipation effect of the energy dissipation device.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0038] The energy dissipation method of the spillway of the present invention does not require too many shielding objects to be set in the spillway. Instead, it uses the counterflow of two water flows to slow down the water flow, thereby achieving the effect of energy dissipation. The turbulence device set at the counterflow of the two water flows disturbs the impact point of the two water flows, which can, to a certain extent, relieve the impact force generated when the two water flows collide and prevent the water flow from overflowing too much to the outside of the spillway. Multiple rings are located between the two water flows, and a large amount of water flow diversion can be generated when the two water flows pass through the rings. In this way, the diversion of the two water flows can fully contact and cancel each other's water flow, further improving the energy dissipation effect. Description of the Drawings

[0039] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, form a part of this application, and do not limit the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0040] Figure 1 is the basic structure diagram of an energy dissipation device for a spillway provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the cross-sectional view of;

[0042] Figure 3 is the basic structure diagram of the conduit;

[0043] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the view from another perspective of;

[0044] Figure 5 is the basic structure schematic diagram of the shielding column;

[0045] Figure 6 is the basic structure schematic diagram of the disturbance device;

[0046] Figure 7 is the water flow direction indication diagram of the present invention.

[0047] Marks in the drawings and corresponding component names:

[0048] 1 - Conduit, 11 - First straight pipe section, 12 - Second straight pipe section, 13 - Elbow pipe;

[0049] 2 - Spillway;

[0050] 3 - Blocking column, 31 - Cylindrical section, 32 - Conical column section, 33 - First planar groove, 34 - First cross bar, 35 - First circular ring;

[0051] 4 - Energy dissipation plate;

[0052] 5 - Disturbance device, 51 - Frustum of a cone, 52 - Second planar groove, 53 - Second cross bar, 54 - Second circular ring, 55 - Rotating shaft, 56 - Water wheel, 57 - Disturbance rod, 58 - Support base;

[0053] 6 - Flow deflector. Detailed implementation mode

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Embodiment

[0055] The present embodiment 1 provides an energy dissipation device for a spillway, as Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, including a spillway 2, a conduit 1 and an energy dissipation component;

[0056] Among them, as Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the conduit 1 is located on the inclined side wall of the spillway 2 and is connected to the flow channel of the spillway 2. The conduit 1 includes a first straight pipe section 11 and a second straight pipe section 12. The first straight pipe section 11 is inclined downward at an angle of 5° - 10° so that the water flow can flow more smoothly into the conduit 1 under the action of gravity, and can be set according to actual needs. At the same time, the included angle between the first straight pipe section 11 and the second straight pipe section 12 is set as ∠a. The first straight pipe section 11 and the second straight pipe section 12 are connected together by an elbow pipe 13. The slope of the spillway 2 and the included angle with the horizontal plane are set as ∠b, and the included angle ∠b ± 3 - 5° = the included angle ∠a. To make the water flow flowing out of the conduit 1 meet the water flow sliding along the spillway 2 at an appropriate angle at the confluence and form a convection, in this embodiment, the included angle ∠a is 21°, and the included angle ∠b is 16°.

[0057] Specifically, refer to Figure 7, during the flood discharge process, water flows into the spillway 2. A part of the water flows downward along the flow path of the spillway 2, and another part of the water directly enters the conduit 1. This part of the water flows along the first straight pipe section 11, the elbow 13, and the second straight pipe section 12. When it comes out of the second straight pipe section 12, it undergoes convective collision with the first part of the water flow, thereby achieving the effect of energy dissipation. This energy dissipation method does not require too many obstacles to be set on the spillway 2. Instead, it uses the counterflow of two water flows to slow down the water flow, thus achieving the effect of energy dissipation.

[0058] Meanwhile, to solve the problem that fewer obstacles will lead to a worse energy dissipation effect, as Figure 2 - Figure 4 shown, an energy dissipation component is set at the confluence. This energy dissipation component includes multiple baffle columns 3 and a disturbance device 5. The baffle columns 3 and the disturbance device 5 cause a large number of small water streams to form at the confluence of the two water flows, and the flow directions of these small water streams are opposite in different regions or channels, colliding and offsetting each other, thereby greatly consuming the energy of the water flow.

[0059] Among them, as Figure 2 - Figure 5 shown, a plurality of baffle columns 3 are fixedly connected between the flow path wall of the spillway 2 and the end outlet of the second straight pipe section 12. The baffle columns 3 can block the water flow in the spillway 2 and can achieve the effect of energy dissipation. To avoid the problem that too many obstacles will lead to a slower flood discharge speed, in this embodiment, two baffle columns 3 are set. The baffle column 3 includes a cylindrical section 31 and a conical column section 32. One end of the cylindrical section 31 is connected to the flow path wall of the spillway 2 and is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The other end of the cylindrical section 31 is connected to the conical column section 32. On the side wall of the conical column section 32 facing the water flow direction of the spillway 2, a plurality of first rings 35 are connected. Each first ring 35 is connected to the conical column section 32 through a corresponding first cross bar 34, so that the first rings 35 extend along the water flow direction parallel to the spillway 2, and the first rings 35 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the conical column section 32. When the water flow passes through, these rings can have a strong interference effect on the water flow, dividing the water flow into numerous small water streams. These small water streams collide and interweave with each other, thereby greatly consuming the energy of the water flow and achieving secondary energy dissipation.

[0060] Among them, as Figure 2 - Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, to further consume the energy of the water flow, the above-mentioned disturbance device 5 includes a frustum 51, a rotating shaft 55 and a water wheel 56. The frustum 51 is fixedly connected to the end of the water outlet of the second straight pipe section 12. A rotating hole is provided in the middle of the frustum 51. The lower end of the rotating shaft 55 passes through the rotating hole and is rotatably connected to the rotating hole. The upper end of the rotating shaft 55 passes upward through the first straight pipe section 11 and extends into the first straight pipe section 11. At the same time, the upper end of the rotating shaft 55 is fixedly connected to the water wheel 56. The water wheel 56 is located in the first straight pipe section 11. A plurality of disturbance rods 57 are also connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 55 where it passes out of the rotating hole. When the water flow passes through the first straight pipe section 11, it pushes the water wheel 56 to rotate. During the rotation of the water wheel 56, part of the kinetic energy of the water flow is converted into its own mechanical energy, reducing the overall energy level of the water flow. Furthermore, the water wheel 56 drives the rotating shaft 55 and the plurality of disturbance rods 57 connected to the lower end to rotate together. The rotating disturbance rods 57 continuously disturb the impact area of the two water flows, disrupting the original flow pattern of the water flow and causing the water flow to form more fine turbulences. These turbulences intersect and collide with each other, further consuming the energy of the water flow.

[0061] In some embodiments, to increase the disturbance range of the disturbance rods 57 on the water flow, the disturbance rods 57 are arranged at intervals along the axis of the rotating shaft 55 and are distributed between adjacent first rings 35. As the rotating shaft 55 drives the disturbance rods 57 to rotate, the disturbance rods 57 at different positions can continuously and comprehensively interfere with the water flow, causing the water flow to form complex turbulences in a larger area and fully consuming the energy of the water flow. Embodiment

[0062] To further improve the energy dissipation effect, in this Embodiment 2, on the basis of Embodiment 1, a spillway energy dissipation device is further provided, as Figure 3 - Figure 4 shown, a damping plate 4 is hinged to the lower side of the inner side wall of the second straight pipe section 12. A spring (not shown in the figure) is also connected between the damping plate 4 and the inner side wall of the second straight pipe section 12. During the impact process between the water flow and the damping plate 4, it can play a certain buffering effect under the action of the spring, thereby realizing auxiliary energy dissipation. In addition, the damping plate 4 can swing back and forth when being impacted, which can change the direction of the water flow, causing the two water flows to collide with each other along different directions and improving the overall energy dissipation efficiency of the energy dissipation device. Embodiment

[0063] To further improve the energy dissipation effect, in this Embodiment 3, on the basis of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, a spillway energy dissipation device is further provided, as Figure 3 - Figure 6As shown in the figure, a second cross bar 53 is also connected to the frustum 51. The other end of the second cross bar 53 is fixedly connected to a second ring 54. Both the first ring 35 and the second ring 54 are arranged obliquely upward along the water flow direction of the spillway 2. The obliquely upward arranged first ring 35 and second ring 54 change the force condition when the water flow contacts the rings. When the water flow impacts the rings, upward and lateral component forces will be generated due to the inclination angle of the rings. The upward component force causes part of the water flow to rise upward and come into full contact with the air, increasing the air resistance to consume the water flow energy; the lateral component force makes the water flow disperse to both sides, prompting the water flow to form more fine streamlets. In this way, the divergences generated by the two water flows can fully contact each other and cancel out their own water flows, further improving the energy dissipation effect.

[0064] Meanwhile, in some embodiments, to further improve the energy dissipation effect, a first planar groove 33 is also provided between adjacent first rings 35. The first planar groove 33 is a planar section provided on the side wall surface of the conical column section 32 facing the water flow direction of the spillway 2. Similarly, a plurality of second planar grooves 52 are provided on one side of the frustum 51 facing the water flow direction. When the water flow passes through, the originally relatively regular flow pattern will be changed due to the existence of the planar grooves. When the water flow impacts the planar grooves, it will disperse to both sides under the action of the plane, and the flying water flow will generate friction with the air, thereby consuming the water flow energy. Moreover, the planar grooves cooperate with the obliquely upward arranged rings. The rings make the water flow rise upward and disperse to the sides, and the planar grooves further strengthen the lateral dispersion effect of the water flow, making the energy consumption of the water flow more sufficient. Embodiment

[0065] To further consume the water flow energy, in this Embodiment 4, on the basis of any one of Embodiments 1 - 3, a spillway energy dissipation device is further provided, as Figure 3 - Figure 4 shown in the figure. An inclined deflector 6 is connected in the first straight pipe section 11. Through the deflector 6, the water flow passes through one side of the water wheel 56. In this way, the force can be concentrated to drive the water wheel 56 to rotate. Compared with the water flow randomly impacting the water wheel 56 without guidance, this method greatly improves the rotation efficiency of the water wheel 56, further consumes the water flow energy, and improves the overall energy dissipation effect of the energy dissipation device.

[0066] Meanwhile, the above-mentioned disturbance device 5 further includes a support seat 58. The lower side of the support seat 58 is connected to the spillway 2. A guide hole is provided on the upper side of the support seat 58. The lower end of the rotating shaft 55 extends into the guide hole and rotates in the guide hole, ensuring the stability of the rotating shaft during rotation and avoiding situations such as deviation and swing during the rotation process.

[0067] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the objective, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spillway energy dissipation device, characterized in that: include: A spillway (2) and a conduit (1), wherein the spillway (2) and the conduit (1) divide the water flow into two parts at the water inlet, wherein the conduit (1) is a meandering pipe and is located above the water flow direction of the spillway (2), and the end of the conduit (1) forms an intersection with the water flow of the spillway (2) and forms convection at the intersection; an energy dissipation component, the energy dissipation component being located at the intersection, the energy dissipation component comprising a plurality of shielding columns (3) and a disturbance device (5), the shielding columns (3) and the disturbance device (5) causing the two water flows to form a large number of small streams at the intersection, and the flow directions in different areas or channels are opposite; The disturbance device (5) comprises a conical platform (51), a rotating shaft (55) and a water wheel (56); the conical platform (51) is fixedly connected to the end of the water outlet of the conduit (1); a rotating hole is provided in the middle of the conical platform (51); the lower end of the rotating shaft (55) passes through the rotating hole and is rotatably connected to the rotating hole; the upper end of the rotating shaft (55) passes through the conduit (1) upwards and extends into the conduit (1) to be fixedly connected to the water wheel (56); the water wheel (56) drives the rotating shaft (55) to rotate under the impact of the water flow in the conduit (1).

2. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding column (3) comprises a cylindrical section (31) and a conical column section (32); one end of the cylindrical section (31) is connected to the wall surface of the spillway (2), and the other end of the cylindrical section (31) is connected to the conical column section (32); Wherein, a plurality of first circular rings (35) are arranged on the side wall surface of the conical column section (32) facing the water flow direction of the spillway (2), and the first circular rings (35) are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the conical column section (32).

3. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first circular ring (35) is connected to the conical column section (32) via a first crossbar (34), wherein the first circular ring (35) is arranged obliquely upward along the water flow direction of the spillway (2).

4. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first plane groove (33) is also provided between adjacent first circular rings (35), and the first plane groove (33) is a plane section provided on the side wall surface of the conical column section (32) facing the water flow direction of the spillway (2).

5. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conduit (1) comprises a first straight pipe section (11) and a second straight pipe section (12); the first straight pipe section (11) is arranged to be inclined downward by 5-10 degrees; the first straight pipe section (11) and the second straight pipe section (12) are connected together via a bend pipe (13); The angle between the first straight pipe section (11) and the second straight pipe section (12) is set to ∠a, the angle between the slope of the spillway (2) and the horizontal plane is set to ∠b, and the angle ∠b±3~5°=angle ∠a.

6. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An energy dissipation plate (4) is hingedly connected to the lower side of the inner side wall of the second straight pipe section (12), and a spring is also connected between the energy dissipation plate (4) and the inner side wall of the second straight pipe section (12).

7. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The conical platform (51) is fixedly connected to the end of the water outlet of the second straight pipe segment (12), and the upper end of the rotating shaft (55) passes through the first straight pipe segment (11) upwards and extends into the first straight pipe segment (11); The lower end of the rotating shaft (55) is connected to a plurality of disturbance rods (57), and the plurality of disturbance rods (57) rotate together with the rotating shaft (55) to continuously disturb the impact area of ​​the two water flows.

8. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The disturbance rods (57) are arranged at intervals along the axis of the rotating shaft (55), and are distributed between adjacent first circular rings (35).

9. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of second planar grooves (52) are provided on one side of the conical platform (51) facing the water flow direction.

10. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second crossbar (53) is also provided on the conical platform (51), one end of the second crossbar (53) is fixedly connected to a second circular ring (54), and the second circular ring (54) is arranged obliquely upward along the water flow direction of the spillway (2).

11. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The disturbance device (5) further comprises a support seat (58), the lower side of the support seat (58) being connected to the spillway (2), the upper side of the support seat (58) being provided with a guide hole, the lower end of the rotating shaft (55) extending into the guide hole and rotating in the guide hole.

12. A spillway energy dissipation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An inclined guide plate (6) is connected to the first straight pipe section (11), and water flows through one side of the water wheel (56) through the guide plate (6).

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