Method and device for determining load of trial production tubular column of gas well and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas wells, in particular to a method and device for determining the load of a trial production tubular column of a gas well and a storage medium. Comprising the following steps: determining node axial displacement at upper and lower nodes of each trial production tubular column unit in a trial production tubular column; obtaining structural parameters and environmental data of a gas well, gas physical parameters, nodal force and nodal displacement of a wellhead, and unit length and unit rigidity of each trial-production tubular column unit; determining the initial axial force of each trial production tubular column unit; the actual axial force of each trial-production tubular column unit is determined; determining a first load value of each trial-production tubular column unit; acquiring a second load value of each trial-production tubular column unit; and determining the current axial load of each trial production tubular column unit according to the first load value and the second load value of each trial production tubular column. The real-time monitoring of the load of the trial-production tubular column can be realized, the load borne by the trial-production tubular column can be accurately determined, and a more reasonable and safer reference is provided for the subsequent operation of a gas well.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil and gas wells, and in particular to a method, a device and a storage medium for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well. Background Art

[0002] As my country's oil and gas exploration and development process continues to expand to deep and ultra-deep layers above 6000m, oil and gas trial production, as an important link between gas well completion and delivery for production, is used for wellbore data collection and evaluation. The probability of tubing failure caused by the severe temperature and pressure loads during the initial production of formation gas is extremely high, posing a serious threat to trial production safety. During the gas production process of high-temperature gas well trial production operations, the reduction of internal pressure in the tubing and the increase of temperature act together on the axial elongation of the tubing and even thermal buckling instability deformation. However, the existing engineering and technical means lack a monitoring method for the temperature and pressure loads on the tubing in the buckled state of high-temperature gas well completion, which makes it difficult to monitor the safety of trial production operations and make early warning decisions. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method, device and storage medium for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well, so as to solve the problem that the load of the string cannot be determined in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first aspect of the present application provides a method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well, the method comprising:

[0005] Determine the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each trial production string unit in the trial production string;

[0006] Acquire structural parameters and environmental data of the gas well, physical parameters of the gas in the gas well, and nodal forces and nodal displacements at the wellhead of the gas well;

[0007] Obtain the unit length and unit stiffness of each trial production string unit;

[0008] Determine the initial axial force of each trial production string unit;

[0009] Determine the actual axial force of each trial production string unit according to structural parameters, environmental data, gas physical parameters, node forces and node displacements of the wellhead, and node axial displacements, unit lengths, unit stiffnesses, and initial axial forces of each trial production string unit;

[0010] Determine a first load value of each trial production string unit according to the actual axial force of each trial production string unit;

[0011] Obtaining a second load value of each trial production tubular string unit, wherein the second load value is determined based on at least one of a temperature effect, a gravity effect, a swelling effect, a piston effect, a buckling effect, and a friction effect of each trial production tubular string unit;

[0012] The current axial load of each trial production string unit is determined according to the first load value and the second load value of each trial production string.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present application, determining the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit according to structural parameters, environmental data, gas physical parameters, nodal forces and nodal displacements of the wellhead, and nodal axial displacements, unit lengths, unit stiffnesses, and initial axial forces of each trial production tubular string unit includes: generating a unit mass matrix, a unit elasticity matrix, and a unit stiffness matrix of each trial production tubular string unit according to structural parameters, environmental data, and unit lengths and unit stiffnesses of each trial production tubular string unit; generating a nodal force column vector matrix of each trial production tubular string unit according to gas physical parameters; generating initial conditions according to the initial axial forces and nodal axial displacements of each trial production tubular string unit; generating boundary conditions according to the nodal forces and nodal displacements of the wellhead; generating a rotation angle control equation of each trial production tubular string unit according to the unit mass matrix, unit elasticity matrix, unit stiffness matrix, and nodal force column vector matrix of each trial production tubular string unit; and determining the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit according to the initial conditions, boundary conditions, and the rotation angle control equation of each trial production tubular string unit.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, determining the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit according to initial conditions, boundary conditions and the rotation angle control equation of each trial production tubular string unit includes: determining the node steering angle of each trial production tubular string unit according to the initial conditions, boundary conditions and the rotation angle control equation of each trial production tubular string unit; determining the coordinate change of each trial production unit tubular string in three-dimensional space according to the node steering angle of each trial production tubular string unit; determining the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit according to the coordinate change of each trial production unit tubular string.

[0015] In the embodiment of the present application, determining the coordinate change amount of each trial production unit string in three-dimensional space according to the node steering angle of each trial production string unit includes determining the coordinate change amount according to formula (1):

[0016]

[0017] Wherein, Δu(z) is the coordinate change of the zth trial production string unit in the positive direction of the x-axis in three-dimensional space, L is the axial length of the zth trial production string unit, θ x (z) is the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, sinθ x(z) is the sine function of the node steering angle of the z-th trial production string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, Δv(z) is the coordinate change of the z-th trial production string unit in the positive direction of the y-axis in the three-dimensional space, θ y (z) is the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, sinθ y (z) is the sine function of the node steering angle of the z-th trial production string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, Δw(z) is the coordinate change of the z-th trial production string unit in the positive direction of the z-axis in the three-dimensional space, cosθ x (z) is the cosine function of the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, cosθ y (z) is the cosine function of the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present application, determining the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each trial production string unit in the trial production string includes: obtaining strain distribution data of the trial production string in the gas well; and determining the node axial displacement of each trial production string unit based on the strain distribution data and the unit length of each trial production string unit in the trial production string.

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, determining the initial axial force of each trial production string unit includes determining the initial axial force according to formula (2):

[0020] F a (z) = αEAΔT(z) (2)

[0021] Among them, F a (z) is the initial axial force of the zth trial production string unit, α is the thermal expansion coefficient and is a constant, E is the elastic modulus of the zth trial production string unit, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the zth trial production string unit, and ΔT(z) is the temperature difference between the temperature of the zth trial production string unit and the atmospheric temperature.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present application, the method also includes: for any trial production tubular unit, determining whether the current axial load of the trial production tubular unit is greater than a preset load upper limit safety critical value; when the current axial load of the trial production tubular unit is less than the preset load upper limit safety critical value, determining the difference between the preset load upper limit safety critical value and the current axial load of the trial production tubular unit as the tubular safety margin; and displaying the tubular safety margin through a visual interface.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: generating a work instruction according to the tubing safety margin when the tubing safety margin is less than a preset value; and performing a pressure replenishment operation or a pressure relief operation on the gas well based on the work instruction.

[0024] A second aspect of the present application provides a device for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well, comprising:

[0025] a memory configured to store instructions;

[0026] The processor is configured to call instructions from the memory and implement the above method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well when executing the instructions.

[0027] A third aspect of the present application provides a machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions being used to enable a machine to execute the above-mentioned method for determining the load of a trial production string of a gas well.

[0028] Through the above technical scheme, the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each trial production string unit in the trial production string is determined; the structural parameters and environmental data of the gas well, the physical parameters of the gas in the gas well, and the node force and node displacement of the wellhead of the gas well are obtained; the unit length and unit stiffness of each trial production string unit are obtained; the initial axial force of each trial production string unit is determined; the actual axial force of each trial production string unit is determined based on the structural parameters, environmental data, gas physical parameters, the node force and node displacement of the wellhead, and the node axial displacement, unit length, unit stiffness and initial axial force of each trial production string unit; The actual axial force of the trial production tubing string unit determines the first load value of each trial production tubing string unit; obtains the second load value of each trial production tubing string unit, wherein the second load value is determined based on at least one of the temperature effect, gravity effect, swelling effect, piston effect, buckling effect, and friction effect of each trial production tubing string unit; determines the current axial load of each trial production tubing string unit according to the first load value and the second load value of each trial production tubing string, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the load of the trial production tubing string, accurately determining the load borne by the trial production tubing string, and providing a more reasonable and safe reference for subsequent gas well operation.

[0029] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In the accompanying drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a trial production string unit according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown;

[0033] Figure 3 A curve diagram schematically shows the axial load of a trial production string unit at various well depths before a pressure replenishment operation or a pressure relief operation according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 A curve diagram schematically shows the axial load of a trial production string unit at various well depths after a pressure replenishment operation or a pressure relief operation according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a device for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown;

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a gas well according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown;

[0037] Figure 7 The internal structure diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the embodiments of the present application, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present application involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0040] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0041] Figure 1 The following schematically shows a flow chart of a method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well, and the method may include the following steps.

[0042] Step 101: Determine the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each trial production string unit in the trial production string.

[0043] The processor can determine the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each test string unit in the test string. The test string can include multiple test string units, and the test string unit can refer to the test string obtained by discretizing the test string with the length of a single test string as the grid discrete size, and can be based on the first test string unit at the wellhead near the gas well as the starting unit, and each test string unit can be numbered in sequence from the wellhead to the bottom of the well. Figure 2 The node axial displacement at the top measuring point of a single test production pipe string and the node axial displacement at the bottom measuring point of a single test production pipe string are shown.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present application, determining the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each trial production string unit in the trial production string includes: obtaining strain distribution data of the trial production string in the gas well; and determining the node axial displacement of each trial production string unit based on the strain distribution data and the unit length of each trial production string unit in the trial production string.

[0045] The processor can determine the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each trial production string unit in the trial production string. Specifically, the processor can obtain the strain distribution data of the trial production string in the gas well. After obtaining the strain distribution data of the trial production string, the processor can determine the node axial displacement of each trial production string unit according to the strain distribution data and the unit length of each trial production string unit in the trial production string. For example, the product of the strain distribution data and the unit length of each trial production string unit in the trial production string can be determined as the node axial displacement of each trial production string unit.

[0046] Step 102: Acquire structural parameters and environmental data of the gas well, physical parameters of the gas in the gas well, and nodal forces and nodal displacements at the wellhead of the gas well.

[0047] Step 103: Obtain the unit length and unit stiffness of each trial production string unit.

[0048] Step 104: Determine the initial axial force of each trial production string unit.

[0049] The processor can obtain the structural parameters and environmental data of the gas well, the physical parameters of the gas in the gas well, and the node forces and node displacements of the wellhead of the gas well. The processor can obtain the unit length and unit stiffness of each trial production string unit. The processor can determine the initial axial force of each trial production string unit. In the embodiment of the present application, determining the initial axial force of each trial production string unit includes determining the initial axial force according to formula (2):

[0050] F a (z) = αEAΔT(z) (2)

[0051] Among them, F a (z) is the initial axial force of the zth trial production string unit, α is the thermal expansion coefficient and is a constant, E is the elastic modulus of the zth trial production string unit, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the zth trial production string unit, and ΔT(z) is the temperature difference between the temperature of the zth trial production string unit and the atmospheric temperature.

[0052] Step 105: Determine the actual axial force of each trial production string unit according to the structural parameters, environmental data, gas physical parameters, the node force and node displacement of the wellhead, and the node axial displacement, unit length, unit stiffness and initial axial force of each trial production string unit.

[0053] After determining the initial axial force of each trial production tubing string unit, the processor can determine the actual axial force of each trial production tubing string unit based on structural parameters, environmental data, gas physical parameters, nodal forces and nodal displacements of the wellhead, and nodal axial displacements, unit lengths, unit stiffnesses, and initial axial forces of each trial production tubing string unit.

[0054] In an embodiment of the present application, determining the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit according to structural parameters, environmental data, gas physical parameters, nodal forces and nodal displacements of the wellhead, and nodal axial displacements, unit lengths, unit stiffnesses, and initial axial forces of each trial production tubular string unit includes: generating a unit mass matrix, a unit elasticity matrix, and a unit stiffness matrix of each trial production tubular string unit according to structural parameters, environmental data, and unit lengths and unit stiffnesses of each trial production tubular string unit; generating a nodal force column vector matrix of each trial production tubular string unit according to gas physical parameters; generating initial conditions according to the initial axial forces and nodal axial displacements of each trial production tubular string unit; generating boundary conditions according to the nodal forces and nodal displacements of the wellhead; generating a rotation angle control equation of each trial production tubular string unit according to the unit mass matrix, unit elasticity matrix, unit stiffness matrix, and nodal force column vector matrix of each trial production tubular string unit; and determining the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit according to the initial conditions, boundary conditions, and the rotation angle control equation of each trial production tubular string unit.

[0055] The processor can determine the actual axial force of each trial production string unit according to the structural parameters, environmental data, gas physical parameters, the node force and node displacement of the wellhead, and the node axial displacement, unit length, unit stiffness and initial axial force of each trial production string unit. Specifically, the processor can generate the unit mass matrix, unit elasticity matrix and unit stiffness matrix of each trial production string unit according to the structural parameters, environmental data and the unit length and unit stiffness of each trial production string unit. The processor can generate the node force column vector matrix of each trial production string unit according to the gas physical parameters. The processor can generate the initial conditions according to the initial axial force and node axial displacement of each trial production string unit. The processor can generate the boundary conditions according to the node force and node displacement of the wellhead. After obtaining the unit mass matrix, unit elasticity matrix, unit stiffness matrix and node force column vector matrix of each trial production string unit, the processor can generate the rotation angle control equation of each trial production string unit according to the unit mass matrix, unit elasticity matrix, unit stiffness matrix and node force column vector matrix of each trial production string unit. After obtaining the rotation angle control equation of each trial production string unit, the processor may determine the actual axial force of each trial production string unit according to the initial conditions, boundary conditions and the rotation angle control equation of each trial production string unit.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the structural parameters may include the nozzle diameter, the inner and outer diameter data of the production casing and the trial production string section. In the case where the production casing or the trial production string has a variable diameter (i.e., the diameter of the upper and lower trial production string units changes), the structural parameters may also include the inner diameter of the variable cross-section production casing, the inner and outer diameter data of the variable cross-section trial production string, the steel grade of the variable cross-section trial production string, the pipe density, the elastic modulus and the Poisson's ratio, the inner and outer diameters of the joints, the number of packers, and the placement position of the packers. In the case of a centralizer, the structural parameters may also include the number of centralizer inputs and the placement position of the centralizer. Environmental data may include wellbore temperature distribution and wellbore pressure distribution data. The angle control equation is:

[0057]

[0058] Among them, θ x is the node steering angle of the trial production string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, s is the well depth coordinate of the trial production string unit, and F τx is the initial axial force of the trial production string unit, E is the elastic modulus of the trial production string unit, I is the section inertia moment of the trial production string unit, and f nx is the external force in the x-axis direction, taken as a constant, δ is the axial length of the trial production string unit, γ x is the angle of the external force in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, sin(θ x -γ x ) is (θ x -γx ), θ y is the node steering angle of the trial production string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, F τy is the initial axial force of the trial production string unit, the value is the same as F τx , f ny is the external force in the y-axis direction, taken as a constant, sin(θ y -γ y ) is (θ y -γ y )'s sine function.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present application, determining the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit according to initial conditions, boundary conditions and the rotation angle control equation of each trial production tubular string unit includes: determining the node steering angle of each trial production tubular string unit according to the initial conditions, boundary conditions and the rotation angle control equation of each trial production tubular string unit; determining the coordinate change of each trial production unit tubular string in three-dimensional space according to the node steering angle of each trial production tubular string unit; determining the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit according to the coordinate change of each trial production unit tubular string.

[0060] The processor can determine the actual axial force of each trial production string unit based on the initial conditions, boundary conditions and the rotation angle control equation of each trial production string unit. Specifically, the processor can determine the node steering angle of each trial production string unit based on the initial conditions, boundary conditions and the rotation angle control equation of each trial production string unit. After obtaining the node steering angle of each trial production string unit, the processor can determine the coordinate change of each trial production unit string in three-dimensional space based on the node steering angle of each trial production string unit. In an embodiment of the present application, determining the coordinate change of each trial production unit string in three-dimensional space based on the node steering angle of each trial production string unit includes determining the coordinate change according to formula (1):

[0061]

[0062] Wherein, Δu(z) is the coordinate change of the zth trial production string unit in the positive direction of the x-axis in three-dimensional space, L is the axial length of the zth trial production string unit, θ x (z) is the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, sinθ x (z) is the sine function of the node steering angle of the z-th trial production string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, Δv(z) is the coordinate change of the z-th trial production string unit in the positive direction of the y-axis in the three-dimensional space, θ y (z) is the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, sinθ y(z) is the sine function of the node steering angle of the z-th trial production string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, Δw(z) is the coordinate change of the z-th trial production string unit in the positive direction of the z-axis in the three-dimensional space, cosθ x (z) is the cosine function of the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, cosθ y (z) is the cosine function of the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space.

[0063] After obtaining the coordinate variation of each trial production unit pipe string in the three-dimensional space, the processor may determine the actual axial force of each trial production unit pipe string unit according to the coordinate variation of each trial production unit pipe string.

[0064] Step 106: Determine a first load value of each trial production tubular string unit according to the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit.

[0065] Step 107: Obtain a second load value of each trial production tubular unit, wherein the second load value is determined based on at least one of a temperature effect, a gravity effect, a swelling effect, a piston effect, a buckling effect, and a friction effect of each trial production tubular unit.

[0066] Step 108: Determine the current axial load of each trial production string unit according to the first load value and the second load value of each trial production string.

[0067] After obtaining the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit, the processor may determine the first load value of each trial production tubular string unit according to the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit. The processor may obtain the second load value of each trial production tubular string unit, wherein the second load value is determined based on at least one of the temperature effect, gravity effect, swelling effect, piston effect, buckling effect, and friction effect of each trial production tubular string unit. After obtaining the first load value and the second load value of each trial production tubular string unit, the processor may determine the current axial load of each trial production tubular string unit according to the first load value and the second load value of each trial production tubular string.

[0068] In an embodiment of the present application, the method also includes: for any trial production tubular unit, determining whether the current axial load of the trial production tubular unit is greater than a preset load upper limit safety critical value; when the current axial load of the trial production tubular unit is less than the preset load upper limit safety critical value, determining the difference between the preset load upper limit safety critical value and the current axial load of the trial production tubular unit as the tubular safety margin; and displaying the tubular safety margin through a visual interface.

[0069] After determining the current axial load of each trial production string unit, for any trial production string unit, the processor can determine whether the current axial load of the trial production string unit is greater than the preset load upper limit safety critical value. Among them, the preset load upper limit safety critical value can be determined based on actual conditions. In the case that the current axial load of the trial production string unit is less than the preset load upper limit safety critical value, the processor can determine the difference between the preset load upper limit safety critical value and the current axial load of the trial production string unit as the string safety margin. After obtaining the string safety margin, the processor can display the string safety margin through a visual interface. In the case that the current axial load of the trial production string unit is less than the preset load upper limit safety critical value, the processor can also determine that the trial production string unit is in a dangerous state and issue a safety alarm.

[0070] In an embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: generating a work instruction according to the tubing safety margin when the tubing safety margin is less than a preset value; and performing a pressure replenishment operation or a pressure relief operation on the gas well based on the work instruction.

[0071] After obtaining the tubing safety margin, the processor can determine whether the tubing safety margin is less than a preset value, where the preset value can be determined based on actual conditions, such as 2100kN. In the case where the tubing safety margin is less than the preset value, the processor can generate a work instruction based on the tubing safety margin, and perform a pressure replenishment operation or a pressure relief operation on the gas well based on the work instruction. Specifically, when the work instruction is a pressure replenishment instruction, the processor can obtain the pumping gas flow rate and pumping time of the gas well, and use the nitrogen compression pump, automatic control valve group, and pumping pipeline installed near the wellhead on the ground to complete the pressure replenishment process to the oil casing annulus of the gas well according to the corresponding pump displacement and pumping time, so that the external pressure of the trial production tubing string is fully increased to balance the excessive internal pressure. When the work instruction is a pressure relief instruction, the processor can obtain the pressure relief valve opening and pressure relief time, and release the casing annulus pressure through the electronically controlled ground throttle valve group at the correct opening of the correct caliber nozzle through computer control until the valve opening time reaches the preset time, then close the pressure relief valve to complete the casing pressure release process, so that the external pressure of the trial production string is fully reduced to balance the lower internal pressure of the string. Figure 3 The axial load of the test production string unit at various well depths before the pressure replenishment operation or the pressure relief operation is shown in FIG. Figure 4 The axial loads of the trial production string unit at various well depths after the pressure replenishment operation or the pressure relief operation are shown. It can be clearly seen that the pressure replenishment operation or the pressure relief operation can effectively reduce various axial loads.

[0072] Through the above technical solution, real-time monitoring of the load of the trial production string can be achieved, and the load on the trial production string can be accurately determined, providing a more reasonable and safe reference for subsequent gas well operation.

[0073] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well in one embodiment. Figure 1 The steps in the flowchart are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified in this document, there is no strict order restriction for the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, Figure 1 At least part of the steps may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least part of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0074] The present application also provides a device for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well, comprising:

[0075] a memory configured to store instructions;

[0076] The processor is configured to call instructions from the memory and implement the above method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well when executing the instructions.

[0077] In one embodiment, Figure 5 The device shown provides a schematic diagram of a device for determining the load of a trial production string of a gas well, comprising: a main control unit for measuring the outer wall strain of a production string (i.e., a trial production string), a measured data transmission and processing module, a production string buckling configuration pre-calculation module, a production string finite element node displacement conversion module, a node force inverse problem solving and load evaluation module, an annulus pressure control decision output module, a visual user interface and automatic verification module, and an oil casing annulus throttling pressure relief / air pump pressurization implementation unit.

[0078] Among them, the main control unit for measuring the strain on the outer wall of the production tubing constitutes a real-time monitoring system for the deformation of the gas well production tubing; the system reserves an annulus protection gas column, and the gas medium should be nitrogen; the production tubing is a threaded trial production tubing with fiber grating strain gauges attached within an axial distance of 30 cm from the connection at both ends, and the fiber grating strain gauge has high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and waterproof performance. The strain gauge needs to be bonded to the outer wall of the trial production tubing with high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance of epoxy resin high temperature glue, and a ceramic protective layer is added to the outside of the strain gauge. The selection of strain gauge wires gives priority to nickel-based alloy wires or hard wires covered with various stainless steel materials. The connection between the strain gauges is in parallel, and the circuit is composed of a Wheatstone bridge to ensure its basic anti-interference ability under the disturbance of annular gas turbulence.

[0079] The measured data transmission and processing module constitutes a computer device containing a readable storage medium, which can run the functions of the load solution calculation program and the operating conditions and language environment of the operable user interface.

[0080] The production string buckling configuration pre-calculation module, the production string finite element node displacement conversion module, the node force inverse problem solution and load evaluation module, the annular pressure control decision output module, and the visual user interface and automatic verification module constitute the load solution calculation program and the operable user interface.

[0081] The oil casing annulus throttling pressure relief / air pump pressurization implementation unit constitutes a ground throttling manifold and annulus pressurization system, and is equipped with an annulus pressure relief throttling valve group and annulus nitrogen compression pump group.

[0082] In one embodiment, Figure 6 A gas well is shown, comprising a cement sheath, a trial production string, a production casing, a packer and formation fluid.

[0083] An embodiment of the present application also provides a machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions being used to enable a machine to execute the above-mentioned method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well.

[0084] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 7 As shown. The computer device includes a processor A01, a network interface A02, a memory (not shown in the figure) and a database (not shown in the figure) connected through a system bus. Among them, the processor A01 of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes an internal memory A03 and a non-volatile storage medium A04. The non-volatile storage medium A04 stores an operating system B01, a computer program B02 and a database (not shown in the figure). The internal memory A03 provides an environment for the operation of the operating system B01 and the computer program B02 in the non-volatile storage medium A04. The database of the computer device is used to store data such as node axial displacement, structural parameters, environmental data, gas physical parameters, node forces and node displacements at the wellhead, unit lengths and unit stiffness of the trial production string unit, initial axial force, actual axial force, first load value, second load value and current axial load. The network interface A02 of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program B02 is executed by the processor A01, a method for determining the load of the trial production string of a gas well is implemented.

[0085] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 7The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0086] The embodiment of the present application provides a device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the following steps are implemented: determining the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each trial production string unit in the trial production string; obtaining the structural parameters and environmental data of the gas well, the physical parameters of the gas in the gas well, and the node force and node displacement of the wellhead of the gas well; obtaining the unit length and unit stiffness of each trial production string unit; determining the initial axial force of each trial production string unit; and calculating the initial axial force of each trial production string unit according to the structural parameters, environmental data, physical parameters of the gas, node force and node displacement of the wellhead. and the node axial displacement, unit length, unit stiffness and initial axial force of each trial production tubular string unit to determine the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit; determine the first load value of each trial production tubular string unit according to the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit; obtain the second load value of each trial production tubular string unit, wherein the second load value is determined based on at least one of the temperature effect, gravity effect, swelling effect, piston effect, buckling effect and friction effect of each trial production tubular string unit; determine the current axial load of each trial production tubular string unit according to the first load value and the second load value of each trial production tubular string.

[0087] In one embodiment, determining the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit according to structural parameters, environmental data, gas physical parameters, nodal forces and nodal displacements of the wellhead, and nodal axial displacements, unit lengths, unit stiffnesses, and initial axial forces of each trial production tubular string unit includes: generating a unit mass matrix, a unit elasticity matrix, and a unit stiffness matrix of each trial production tubular string unit according to structural parameters, environmental data, and unit lengths and unit stiffnesses of each trial production tubular string unit; generating a nodal force column vector matrix of each trial production tubular string unit according to gas physical parameters; generating initial conditions according to the initial axial forces and nodal axial displacements of each trial production tubular string unit; generating boundary conditions according to the nodal forces and nodal displacements of the wellhead; generating a rotation angle control equation of each trial production tubular string unit according to the unit mass matrix, unit elasticity matrix, unit stiffness matrix, and nodal force column vector matrix of each trial production tubular string unit; and determining the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit according to the initial conditions, boundary conditions, and the rotation angle control equation of each trial production tubular string unit.

[0088] In one embodiment, determining the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit according to initial conditions, boundary conditions and the rotation angle control equation of each trial production tubular string unit includes: determining the node steering angle of each trial production tubular string unit according to the initial conditions, boundary conditions and the rotation angle control equation of each trial production tubular string unit; determining the coordinate change of each trial production unit tubular string in three-dimensional space according to the node steering angle of each trial production tubular string unit; determining the actual axial force of each trial production tubular string unit according to the coordinate change of each trial production unit tubular string.

[0089] In one embodiment, determining the coordinate change amount of each trial production unit string in three-dimensional space according to the node steering angle of each trial production string unit includes determining the coordinate change amount according to formula (1):

[0090]

[0091] Wherein, Δu(z) is the coordinate change of the zth trial production string unit in the positive direction of the x-axis in three-dimensional space, L is the axial length of the zth trial production string unit, θ x (z) is the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, sinθ x (z) is the sine function of the node steering angle of the z-th trial production string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, Δv(z) is the coordinate change of the z-th trial production string unit in the positive direction of the y-axis in the three-dimensional space, θ y (z) is the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, sinθ y (z) is the sine function of the node steering angle of the z-th trial production string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, Δw(z) is the coordinate change of the z-th trial production string unit in the positive direction of the z-axis in the three-dimensional space, cosθ x (z) is the cosine function of the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, cosθ y (z) is the cosine function of the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space.

[0092] In one embodiment, determining the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each trial production string unit in the trial production string includes: obtaining strain distribution data of the trial production string in the gas well; and determining the node axial displacement of each trial production string unit according to the strain distribution data and the unit length of each trial production string unit in the trial production string.

[0093] In one embodiment, determining the initial axial force of each trial production string unit includes determining the initial axial force according to formula (2):

[0094] F a (z) = αEAΔT(z) (2)

[0095] Among them, F a (z) is the initial axial force of the zth trial production string unit, α is the thermal expansion coefficient and is a constant, E is the elastic modulus of the zth trial production string unit, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the zth trial production string unit, and ΔT(z) is the temperature difference between the temperature of the zth trial production string unit and the atmospheric temperature.

[0096] In one embodiment, the method also includes: for any trial production tubular unit, determining whether the current axial load of the trial production tubular unit is greater than a preset load upper limit safety critical value; when the current axial load of the trial production tubular unit is less than the preset load upper limit safety critical value, determining the difference between the preset load upper limit safety critical value and the current axial load of the trial production tubular unit as the tubular safety margin; and displaying the tubular safety margin through a visual interface.

[0097] In one embodiment, the method further includes: generating a work instruction according to the tubing safety margin when the tubing safety margin is less than a preset value; and performing a pressure replenishment operation or a pressure relief operation on the gas well based on the work instruction.

[0098] The present application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is suitable for executing a program that initializes the method steps for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well.

[0099] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0100] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0101] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0102] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0103] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0104] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0105] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0106] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0107] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determine the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each trial production string unit in the trial production string; Acquiring structural parameters and environmental data of the gas well, physical parameters of the gas in the gas well, and nodal forces and nodal displacements of the wellhead of the gas well; Obtain the unit length and unit stiffness of each trial production string unit; Determine the initial axial force of each trial production string unit; Determine the actual axial force of each trial production string unit according to the structural parameters, the environmental data, the gas physical parameters, the node force and node displacement of the wellhead, and the node axial displacement, unit length, unit stiffness and initial axial force of each trial production string unit; Determine a first load value of each trial production string unit according to the actual axial force of each trial production string unit; Obtaining a second load value of each trial production tubular string unit, wherein the second load value is determined based on at least one of a temperature effect, a gravity effect, a swelling effect, a piston effect, a buckling effect, and a friction effect of each trial production tubular string unit; The current axial load of each trial production string unit is determined according to the first load value and the second load value of each trial production string.

2. The method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the actual axial force of each trial production string unit according to the structural parameters, the environmental data, the gas physical parameters, the node force and node displacement of the wellhead, and the node axial displacement, unit length, unit stiffness and initial axial force of each trial production string unit comprises: Generate a unit mass matrix, a unit elastic matrix, and a unit stiffness matrix of each trial production string unit according to the structural parameters, the environmental data, and the unit length and unit stiffness of each trial production string unit; Generate a node force column vector matrix of each trial production string unit according to the gas physical parameters; Generate initial conditions based on the initial axial force and node axial displacement of each trial production string unit; generating boundary conditions based on nodal forces and nodal displacements of the wellhead; Generate the rotation angle control equation of each trial production string unit according to the unit mass matrix, unit elastic matrix, unit stiffness matrix and node force column vector matrix of each trial production string unit; The actual axial force of each trial production string unit is determined according to the initial condition, the boundary condition and the rotation angle control equation of each trial production string unit.

3. The method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determining of the actual axial force of each trial production string unit according to the initial condition, the boundary condition and the rotation angle control equation of each trial production string unit comprises: Determine the node steering angle of each trial production string unit according to the initial condition, the boundary condition and the steering angle control equation of each trial production string unit; Determine the coordinate change of each trial production unit string in three-dimensional space according to the node steering angle of each trial production string unit; The actual axial force of each trial production string unit is determined according to the coordinate change of each trial production unit string.

4. The method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well according to claim 3, characterized in that: Determining the coordinate change amount of each trial production unit pipe string in three-dimensional space according to the node steering angle of each trial production pipe string unit includes determining the coordinate change amount according to formula (1): Wherein, Δu(z) is the coordinate change of the zth trial production string unit in the positive direction of the x-axis in three-dimensional space, L is the axial length of the zth trial production string unit, θ x (z) is the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, sinθ x (z) is the sine function of the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, Δv(z) is the coordinate change of the zth trial production string unit in the positive direction of the y-axis in the three-dimensional space, θ y (z) is the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, sinθ y (z) is the sine function of the node steering angle of the z-th trial production string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, Δw(z) is the coordinate change of the z-th trial production string unit in the positive direction of the z-axis in the three-dimensional space, cosθ x (z) is the cosine function of the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, cosθ y (z) is the cosine function of the node steering angle of the zth trial production string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space.

5. The method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each trial production string unit in the trial production string comprises: Obtain strain distribution data of the test production string in the gas well; The node axial displacement of each trial production string unit is determined according to the strain distribution data and the unit length of each trial production string unit in the trial production string.

6. The method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the initial axial force of each trial production string unit includes determining the initial axial force according to formula (2): F a (z)=αEAΔT(z) (2) Among them, F a (z) is the initial axial force of the zth trial production string unit, α is the thermal expansion coefficient and is a constant, E is the elastic modulus of the zth trial production string unit, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the zth trial production string unit, and ΔT(z) is the temperature difference between the temperature of the zth trial production string unit and the atmospheric temperature.

7. The method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: For any trial production string unit, determine whether the current axial load of the trial production string unit is greater than a preset load upper limit safety critical value; In the case where the current axial load of the trial production string unit is less than the preset load upper limit safety critical value, determining the difference between the preset load upper limit safety critical value and the current axial load of the trial production string unit as the string safety margin; The safety margin of the tubing string is displayed through a visual interface.

8. The method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises: When the safety margin of the tubing string is less than a preset value, generating a work instruction according to the safety margin of the tubing string; A pressure replenishment operation or a pressure relief operation is performed on the gas well based on the work instruction.

9. A device for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well, characterized in that: include: a memory configured to store instructions; A processor is configured to call the instructions from the memory and implement the method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well according to any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing the instructions.

10. A machine-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The machine-readable storage medium stores instructions for causing a machine to execute the method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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