A shaft end sealing structure and turbine machinery
By designing a combination of the gate, projection and elastic parts in the shaft end sealing structure of the turbine machine, the permanent avoidance of the seal ring is achieved, and the problem of the sealing member and the rotor collision caused by rotor vibration is solved, which improves the sealing effect and reduces maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411965030.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-04
AI Technical Summary
In turbine machinery, vibration or bending deformation of the rotor causes the gap between the shaft end seal and the rotor to become smaller or zero, causing continuous dynamic and static collision between the seal and the rotor to affect the sealing effect.
A shaft end sealing structure is designed, including a machine gate, a projection, a rotating sleeve, a sealing ring, a mounting tenon and an elastic member. Through the extrusion of the projection, the elastic member moves from the second groove body to the first groove body, achieving permanent avoidance of the sealing ring and preventing continuous dynamic and static collision of the sealing ring and the rotor.
When the vibration or bending deformation of the rotor exceeds a certain range, the sealing ring achieves permanent avoidance, preventing continuous dynamic and static collision of the sealing ring and the rotor, improving the sealing effect and reducing maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN119754869A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a turbine machine, and in particular to a shaft end sealing structure and a turbine machine. Background Art
[0002] Turbine machinery is a type of power fluid machinery with blades. Its core feature is that the rotor equipped with blades rotates at high speed, and energy conversion is achieved through the interaction generated when the fluid (gas or liquid) flows through the blades.
[0003] In order to reduce shaft end leakage and thus improve overall efficiency, a smaller gap is generally provided between the shaft end seal and the rotor. However, when the rotor vibrates or bends, the gap can easily become smaller or even zero, causing continuous dynamic and static friction between the shaft end seal and the rotor. Summary of the invention
[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shaft end sealing structure, which is convenient for preventing the shaft end seal and the rotor from continuous dynamic and static friction, thereby facilitating permanent avoidance; another purpose of the present invention is to provide a turbine machinery.
[0005] Technical solution:
[0006] A shaft end sealing structure, comprising:
[0007] A machine brake, wherein the machine brake is provided with a mounting groove;
[0008] a protrusion connected to the gate, the protrusion being located in the mounting groove so that the mounting groove is configured as a first groove body and a second groove body that are interconnected;
[0009] Rotating a rotor sleeved in the mechanical brake;
[0010] The shaft end seal includes a sealing ring, a mounting tenon and an elastic member, wherein the mounting tenon is connected to one end of the sealing ring, the other end of the sealing ring is arranged corresponding to the rotor, the elastic member is connected to the outside of the sealing ring, the mounting tenon is movably located in the first slot body, and the rotor can contact the other end of the sealing ring so that the sealing ring drives the elastic member to move from the second slot body to the first slot body.
[0011] Optionally, also include:
[0012] A threaded hole provided in the machine gate, the threaded hole being in communication with the first slot;
[0013] Sealing body and homing body;
[0014] The threaded hole and the sealing body are threadedly connected, or the return body passes through the threaded hole and the first slot body in sequence, and the return body and the installation tenon are in conflict.
[0015] Optionally, it also includes a connecting hole provided on the machine brake, one end of the connecting hole is connected to the threaded hole, the other end of the connecting hole is connected to the first groove body, and the homing body passes through the connecting hole.
[0016] Optionally, it further includes a sealing tooth connected to the other end of the sealing ring, and the sealing tooth and the rotor are arranged correspondingly.
[0017] Optionally, adjacent shaft end seals are in contact with each other via a first plane, an inclined plane and a second plane, and the inclined plane is located between the first plane and the second plane.
[0018] Optionally, the first plane is located at the mounting tenon and the sealing ring of the shaft end seal, and the inclined surface and the second plane are both located at the sealing ring of the shaft end seal.
[0019] Optionally, it also includes a receiving groove arranged on the machine gate, and the elastic member is located in the receiving groove.
[0020] Optionally, the elastic member is an elastic sheet, and the connection between the elastic sheet and the sealing ring is by clamping or welding; or, the elastic member is an elastic protrusion, and the elastic protrusion is integrally injection-molded and connected to the accommodating groove.
[0021] Optionally, a displacement sensor is also included, and a detection end of the displacement sensor is located in the first slot body.
[0022] A turbine machine includes a shaft end sealing structure.
[0023] Beneficial effect: When the vibration or bending deformation of the rotor exceeds a certain range, the rotor and the other end of the sealing ring collide with each other, and the sealing ring drives the elastic part to move from the second slot body to the first slot body. Under the squeezing action of the raised part, all the elastic parts are located in the first slot body and quickly reset, so that the sealing ring can no longer move toward the direction close to the rotor, thereby facilitating the sealing ring to achieve permanent avoidance and preventing continuous dynamic and static friction between the sealing ring and the rotor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 This is a normal working state diagram of a shaft end sealing structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 This is a state diagram of a shaft end sealing structure producing permanent avoidance according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 3 This is a state diagram of a homing body of a shaft end sealing structure before homing in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 4 This is a state diagram of a shaft end sealing structure after the return body of the shaft end sealing structure of the embodiment 1 of the present invention has been returned to its original position;
[0028] Figure 5 is a dimensional diagram of a shaft end sealing structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 6 This is one of the half-section views of a shaft end sealing structure of Example 1 of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 7 This is a second half-section view of a shaft end sealing structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 8 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the shaft end seal of Example 1 of the present invention;
[0032] Fig. 9 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the shaft end seal of Example 1 of the present invention;
[0033] Fig.10 This is the third structural schematic diagram of the shaft end seal of Example 1 of the present invention;
[0034] In the figure: 1. machine brake; 11. mounting groove; 111. first groove body; 112. second groove body; 12. raised portion; 13. threaded hole; 14. connecting hole; 15. accommodating groove; 2. rotor; 3. shaft end seal; 31. sealing ring; 32. mounting tenon; 33. elastic member; 34. sealing tooth; 35. first plane; 36. inclined plane; 37. second plane; 41. sealing body; 42. return body; 5. displacement sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0036] Example 1
[0037] like Figure 1The present embodiment provides a shaft end sealing structure, including: a machine gate 1, which is provided with a mounting groove 11; a raised portion 12 connected to the machine gate 1, the raised portion 12 is located in the mounting groove 11, so that the mounting groove 11 is configured as a first groove body 111 and a second groove body 112 that are interconnected; a rotor 2 rotatably sleeved in the machine gate 1; a shaft end seal 3, including a sealing ring 31, a mounting tenon 32 and an elastic member 33, the mounting tenon 32 is connected to one end of the sealing ring 31, the other end of the sealing ring 31 is correspondingly arranged to the rotor 2, the elastic member 33 is connected to the outside of the sealing ring 31, the mounting tenon 32 is movably located in the first groove body 111, and the rotor 2 can contact with the other end of the sealing ring 31, so that the sealing ring 31 drives the elastic member 33 to move from the second groove body 112 to the first groove body 111.
[0038] Specifically, when the rotor 2 vibrates slightly or bends and deforms, the rotor 2 and the other end of the sealing ring 31 collide with each other, and the sealing ring 31 drives the elastic member 33 to move in the second groove body 112, so that the elastic member 33 and the protrusion 12 collide with each other, so that the elastic member 33 provides an elastic buffering effect and quickly resets, so that the sealing ring 31 can move within a certain range to avoid; when the vibration or bending deformation of the rotor 2 increases, the rotor 2 and the other end of the sealing ring 31 collide with each other, and the sealing ring 31 drives the elastic member 33 to move from the second groove body 112 to the first groove body 111, and under the squeezing effect of the protrusion 12, at least part of the elastic member 33 is retracted. The elastic member 33 is located in the first slot body 111, and the sealing ring 31 can continue to move away from the rotor 2 to avoid it; when the vibration or bending deformation of the rotor 2 exceeds a certain range, the rotor 2 and the other end of the sealing ring 31 collide, and the sealing ring 31 drives the elastic member 33 to move from the second slot body 112 to the first slot body 111. Under the squeezing effect of the protrusion 12, all the elastic members 33 are located in the first slot body 111 and quickly reset, so that the sealing ring 31 can no longer move towards the rotor 2, thereby facilitating the sealing ring 31 to achieve permanent avoidance and prevent the sealing ring 31 and the rotor 2 from continuous dynamic and static friction.
[0039] The machine brake 1 is used to protect the rotor 2; the raised portion 12 is used to deform the elastic member 33, so that the elastic member 33 can move from the second slot body 112 to the first slot body 111; the rotor 2 is used to carry the impeller, thereby driving the impeller to rotate, so that the relevant turbine machinery can achieve energy conversion; the sealing ring 31 is used for sealing, so that a small gap is maintained between the sealing ring 31 and the rotor 2 to improve the overall efficiency of the relevant turbine machinery. The material of the sealing ring 31 can be aluminum alloy, etc., and the shape of the other end of the sealing ring 31 can be serrated, honeycomb, etc.; under the limiting effect of the raised portion 12, the installation The tenon 32 is always movably located in the first groove 111, thereby preventing the shaft end seal 3 and the machine brake 1 from separating from each other, and further preventing the shaft end seal 3 from falling off and damaging other parts of the related turbine machinery; when the elastic member 33 is located in the second groove 112, the elastic member 33 is used to provide an elastic buffering effect, and when the elastic member 33 is located in the first groove 111, the elastic member 33 is used to limit the movement of the sealing ring 31 in the direction close to the rotor 2. The material of the elastic member 33 can be spring steel, rubber, etc.; It should be noted that the depth of the first groove 111 should be able to meet the permanent avoidance displacement generated by the shaft end seal 3, that is, Figure 5 The dimension C is greater than or equal to the dimension B, and a gap is formed between the shaft end seal 3 and the rotor 2 after permanent avoidance, that is, Figure 5 The middle dimension A should be greater than or equal to the maximum allowable amplitude of the rotor 2.
[0040] Further, such as Figure 1-Figure 4 , and also includes: a threaded hole 13 provided on the machine gate 1, the threaded hole 13 is connected to the first groove body 111; a sealing body 41 and a return body 42; wherein the threaded hole 13 and the sealing body 41 are threadedly connected, or the return body 42 passes through the threaded hole 13 and the first groove body 111 in sequence, and the return body 42 and the installation tenon 32 are in conflict.
[0041] Specifically, when the sealing ring 31 is in permanent avoidance for a preset time, the return body 42 is first passed through the threaded hole 13 and the first groove body 111 in sequence until the return body 42 and the installation tenon 32 are in conflict, and then the shaft end seal 3 is pushed toward the rotor 2 through the return body 42 until the installation tenon 32 and the protrusion 12 are in conflict, and at the same time the elastic member 33 moves into the second groove body 112, and finally, the return body 42 is taken out and the sealing body 41 and the threaded hole 13 are threadedly connected; in summary, the return body 42 facilitates the return of the shaft end seal 3 through a simple return operation, without the need to disassemble the machine to replace the shaft end seal 3, thereby facilitating the reduction of maintenance costs and downtime of related turbine machinery.
[0042] The sealing body 41 is used for threaded connection with the threaded hole 13 to prevent fluid leakage, thereby ensuring the overall efficiency of the relevant turbine machinery. The sealing body 41 can be a sealing screw, a sealing bolt, etc.; the return body 42 is used to push the shaft end seal 3. The outside of the return body 42 can be threaded or not, preferably with threads, so that the return body 42 can prevent fluid leakage when pushing the shaft end seal 3. The return body 42 can be a return screw, a return bolt, etc.
[0043] Further, such as Figure 1-Figure 4 , further comprising a connection hole 14 provided on the machine gate 1, one end of the connection hole 14 is connected to the threaded hole 13, the other end of the connection hole 14 is connected to the first slot 111, and the return body 42 passes through the connection hole 14. Specifically, the connection hole 14 is used to connect the threaded hole 13 and the first slot 111, so that the return body 42 and the installation tenon 32 can be smoothly interfered.
[0044] Further, such as Figure 1 , and also includes a sealing tooth 34 connected to the other end of the sealing ring 31, and the sealing tooth 34 and the rotor 2 are correspondingly arranged.
[0045] Further, such as Figure 6-Figure 7 , adjacent shaft end seals 3 are in contact with each other through the first plane 35, the inclined plane 36 and the second plane 37, and the inclined plane 36 is located between the first plane 35 and the second plane 37. Specifically, when the shaft end seal 3 moves away from the rotor 2 under the action of the rotor 2, the conflicts between the two first planes 35 and the two second planes 37 are disengaged from each other, but the conflict between the two inclined planes 36 still exists, so as to ensure the sealing effect.
[0046] Further, such as Figure 6-Figure 7 , the first plane 35 is located at the mounting tenon 32 and the sealing ring 31 of the shaft end seal 3, and the inclined surface 36 and the second plane 37 are both located at the sealing ring 31 of the shaft end seal 3. Specifically, it is equivalent to that the first plane 35 extends from the mounting tenon 32 to the sealing ring 31, the inclined surface 36 is located at the sealing ring 31, and the second plane 37 can extend from the sealing ring 31 to the sealing tooth 34.
[0047] Further, such as Figure 1 , further comprising a receiving groove 15 provided on the gate 1, wherein the elastic member 33 is located in the receiving groove 15. Specifically, when the elastic member 33 is squeezed by the protrusion 12, the receiving groove 15 is used to receive the elastic member 33, thereby facilitating the elastic member 33 to smoothly enter the first groove 111 from the second groove 112.
[0048] Further, such as Figure 8-Figure 9The elastic member 33 is an elastic sheet, and the connection between the elastic sheet and the sealing ring 31 is by clamping or welding. Specifically, the material of the elastic sheet is preferably spring steel, and clamping facilitates the detachability between the elastic sheet and the sealing ring 31, and welding facilitates the integrity between the elastic sheet and the sealing ring 31.
[0049] Further, such as Fig.10 The elastic member 33 is an elastic protrusion, and the elastic protrusion is integrally injection molded and connected in the receiving groove 15. Specifically, the material of the elastic protrusion is preferably rubber, and the integral injection molding connection facilitates the connection between the elastic protrusion and the machine gate 1 to be firmly connected.
[0050] Further, such as Figure 6 , and also includes a displacement sensor 5, the detection end of the displacement sensor 5 is located in the first slot 111. Specifically, the displacement sensor 5 is used to detect the displacement of the installation tenon 32, so as to determine whether the sealing ring 31 is in permanent avoidance for more than a preset time. The displacement sensor 5 can be in the form of photoelectric type, ultrasonic type, etc.
[0051] This embodiment also provides a turbine machinery, including a shaft end sealing structure of this embodiment.
[0052] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the attached claims.
Claims
1. A shaft end sealing structure, characterized in that: include: A machine gate (1), wherein the machine gate (1) is provided with a mounting groove (11); a protrusion (12) connected to the gate (1), the protrusion (12) being located in the mounting groove (11), so that the mounting groove (11) is configured as a first groove body (111) and a second groove body (112) which are connected to each other; Rotating a rotor (2) sleeved in the mechanical brake (1); The shaft end seal (3) comprises a sealing ring (31), a mounting tenon (32) and an elastic member (33); the mounting tenon (32) is connected to one end of the sealing ring (31); the other end of the sealing ring (31) is arranged corresponding to the rotor (2); the elastic member (33) is connected to the outside of the sealing ring (31); the mounting tenon (32) is movably located in the first groove body (111); the rotor (2) can contact the other end of the sealing ring (31), so that the sealing ring (31) drives the elastic member (33) to move from the second groove body (112) to the first groove body (111).
2. A shaft end sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A threaded hole (13) provided on the gate (1), the threaded hole (13) being in communication with the first groove (111); A sealing body (41) and a return body (42); The threaded hole (13) and the sealing body (41) are threadedly connected, or the return body (42) passes through the threaded hole (13) and the first groove body (111) in sequence, and the return body (42) and the installation tenon (32) are in conflict.
3. A shaft end sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting hole (14) provided on the machine gate (1), one end of the connecting hole (14) is connected to the threaded hole (13), the other end of the connecting hole (14) is connected to the first groove body (111), and the homing body (42) passes through the connecting hole (14).
4. A shaft end sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a sealing tooth (34) connected to the other end of the sealing ring (31), and the sealing tooth (34) and the rotor (2) are arranged correspondingly.
5. A shaft end sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Adjacent shaft end seals (3) are in contact with each other via a first plane (35), an inclined plane (36) and a second plane (37), wherein the inclined plane (36) is located between the first plane (35) and the second plane (37).
6. A shaft end sealing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first plane (35) is located at the mounting tenon (32) and the sealing ring (31) of the shaft end seal (3), and the inclined surface (36) and the second plane (37) are both located at the sealing ring (31) of the shaft end seal (3).
7. A shaft end sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a receiving groove (15) provided on the machine gate (1), and the elastic member (33) is located in the receiving groove (15).
8. A shaft end sealing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic member (33) is an elastic sheet, and the connection between the elastic sheet and the sealing ring (31) is by clamping or welding; or, the elastic member (33) is an elastic protrusion, and the elastic protrusion is integrally injection-molded and connected in the accommodating groove (15).
9. A shaft end sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also comprises a displacement sensor (5), wherein a detection end of the displacement sensor (5) is located in the first slot body (111).
10. A turbomachinery, characterized in that: It comprises a shaft end sealing structure as described in any one of claims 1-9.