Mixed filling material and filling method
By using mixed filling materials, including filling slurry and dispersed consolidation sacs, the problems of insufficient filling materials and high cost are solved, and the filling efficiency and cost reduction are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411958786.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-08
AI Technical Summary
In coal mine filling and mining, the filling materials are insufficient and the cost is high, making it difficult to effectively solve the problem of difficulty in the source of filling materials.
A mixed filling material is adopted, including filling slurry and multiple liquid sacs. The liquid sacs are dispersed and consolidated in the filling sac, occupying the filling space through the liquid sac, saving the use of filling sacs and reducing the filling cost.
It effectively reduces the amount of filling material, reduces the filling cost, improves the filling efficiency, and ensures the density and stability of the filling body.
Smart Images
Figure CN119774931A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of underground mine filling, and in particular to a mixed filling material and a filling method. Background Art
[0002] Coal filling mining is a method of coal mining that feeds filling materials into the goaf as the coal mining face advances, in order to control rock movement and surface subsidence. However, in recent years, the large-scale promotion and application of filling mining technology still faces many obstacles. The main reasons include insufficient filling materials. For example, the gangue of coal mines is generally only about 15% of the coal mining volume. Filling all the goafs is difficult to solve the problem of difficulty in sourcing filling materials. Secondly, the cost of filling is high. Compared with conventional caving mining, the preparation, transportation and filling costs of filling materials with almost equal volumes of coal and filling body constitute a huge burden. Summary of the invention
[0003] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. The present application proposes a mixed filling material and a filling method, wherein a filling slurry and a plurality of liquid capsules enter the filling space together, and the plurality of liquid capsules are dispersed and solidified in the filling body formed by the filling slurry. The filling space is occupied by the plurality of liquid capsules, which saves the use of the filling slurry and reduces the filling cost; since the liquid capsule perfusion process is relatively simple and efficient, the filling efficiency is improved as a whole.
[0004] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, a mixed filling material is proposed, which includes a filling slurry and a plurality of liquid capsules, wherein the liquid capsules include an elastic shell and a liquid with a set volume filled in the elastic shell; the density of the liquid capsules is less than the density of the filling slurry; the filling slurry and the plurality of liquid capsules enter the filling space together, and the plurality of liquid capsules are dispersed and solidified in a filling body formed by the filling slurry; based on the mixed filling material, the volume percentage of the plurality of liquid capsules is 15%-25%.
[0005] In some embodiments, the length of the sac is 1.3-2.0 m and the width is 0.7-1.6 m.
[0006] In some embodiments, the elastic shell of the liquid capsule is made of latex, polyethylene or nylon; wherein the elastic shell is provided with an infusion port and a sealing cover adapted to the infusion port.
[0007] In some embodiments, the liquid filled in the elastic shell includes water.
[0008] In some embodiments, the density of the filling slurry is 1.4-2.0 t / m 3 .
[0009] In some embodiments, the filling slurry is a first slurry; the first slurry includes gangue with a particle size not exceeding 10 mm, cement, fly ash and water; the concentration of the first slurry is 78%-80%, the slump is ≥220 mm, and the water seepage rate is ≤3%.
[0010] In some embodiments, the filling slurry is a second slurry; the second slurry includes fly ash, cement, quicklime and water; the concentration of the second slurry is 55%-62%, the slump is ≥220mm, and the water seepage rate is ≤3%.
[0011] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, a filling method using a mixed filling material is proposed, and the filling space is filled with the mixed filling material described in any of the above embodiments.
[0012] In some embodiments, the filling space is an abandoned underground tunnel, a tunnel-type filling mining, or a branch tunnel of a continuous mining and filling working face; when the filling space is filled with mixed filling materials, the end of the filling space is sealed.
[0013] In some embodiments, the steps include:
[0014] The end of the filling space is sealed;
[0015] Filling slurry into the closed filling space; at the same time, pouring liquid into the elastic shell and sealing the elastic shell to form a liquid capsule, and then putting the liquid capsule into the filling space; multiple liquid capsules are evenly dispersed with the flow of the filling slurry, and as the filling slurry solidifies, the liquid capsules are solidified in the filling body formed by the filling slurry.
[0016] In the case of filling abandoned tunnels, tunnel-type backfill mining or branch tunnels of continuous mining and backfilling working faces in the underground mine, the filling slurry is used to fill the filling space, and multiple liquid capsules are gradually placed into the filling space. The multiple liquid capsules are kept at a certain distance in the plane and vertical direction. After the filling slurry solidifies, a filling body is formed. The filling body and the liquid capsule are combined into one. Since the filling body has good density and is always in a three-dimensional stress state, the liquid capsule will remain in the filling body even under the pressure of the roof and will not leak out. This filling method uses the liquid capsule to occupy the filling volume, reduces the amount of the filling body, reduces the filling cost, and improves the filling efficiency.
[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0019] Figure 1 is a process diagram of filling with mixed filling materials according to one embodiment of the present application;
[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 sectional view of
[0021] Figure 3 It is a process diagram of filling with filling materials in the related art;
[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Filling plan of
[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Filling plan of
[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of filling liquid into an elastic shell to form a liquid sac according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0025] In the figure, 1. coal seam roof; 2. coal seam floor; 3. coal body on the side of the filling body; 4. liquid bag; 5. filling body; 6. underground water supply pipeline; 7. liquid outlet; 8. liquid injection pipe; 9. sealing cover; 10. injection port; 11. retaining wall; 12. filling pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be construed as limiting the present application. On the contrary, the present application includes all changes, modifications and equivalents that fall within the spirit and connotation of the appended claims.
[0027] "Scope" disclosed in the present application is limited in the form of lower limit and upper limit, and a given range is limited by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit, and the selected lower limit and upper limit define the boundary of a special range. The scope limited in this way can be including end values or not including end values, and can be arbitrarily combined, that is, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a scope. For example, if the scope of 60-120 and 80-110 is listed for a specific parameter, it is understood that the scope of 60-110 and 80-120 is also expected. In addition, if the minimum range values 1 and 2 are listed, and if the maximum range values 3, 4 and 5 are listed, the following scope can be all expected: 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 2-3, 2-4 and 2-5. In the present application, unless otherwise specified, the numerical range "ab" represents the abbreviation of any real number combination between a and b, wherein a and b are real numbers. For example, the numerical range "0-5" means that all real numbers between "0-5" are listed in this document, and "0-5" is just an abbreviation of these numerical combinations. In addition, when a parameter is expressed as an integer ≥ 2, it is equivalent to disclosing that the parameter is, for example, an integer of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, etc.
[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
[0029] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, a mixed filling material is proposed, which includes a filling slurry and a plurality of liquid capsules 4, wherein the liquid capsules 4 include an elastic shell and a liquid with a set volume filled in the elastic shell; the density of the liquid capsules 4 is less than the density of the filling slurry; the filling slurry and the plurality of liquid capsules 4 enter the filling space together, and the plurality of liquid capsules 4 are dispersed and solidified in the filling body formed by the filling slurry; based on the mixed filling material, the volume percentage of the plurality of liquid capsules 4 is 15%-25%.
[0030] The mixed filling material of the present application includes a filling slurry and a plurality of liquid capsules 4, wherein the volume percentage of the plurality of liquid capsules 4 is 15%-25% based on the mixed filling material. The liquid capsule 4 includes an elastic shell and a liquid having a set volume filled in the elastic shell. In some embodiments, the volume percentage of the plurality of liquid capsules 4 is 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24% or 25%. If the volume percentage of the liquid capsule 4 is too large, such as greater than 25%, the proportion of the filling slurry will be reduced, resulting in insufficient filling strength. Under the pressure of the top plate, the liquid capsule 4 will not remain in the filling body, and there is a risk of leakage to the outside; if the volume percentage of the liquid capsule 4 is too small, such as less than 15%, the liquid capsule 4 cannot effectively reduce the amount of filling slurry, reduce the filling cost, and improve the filling efficiency.
[0031] In some embodiments, the length of the liquid capsule 4 is 1.3-2.0 m, the width is 0.7-1.6 m, the elastic shell of the liquid capsule 4 is made of latex, polyethylene or nylon, wherein the elastic shell is provided with a perfusion port 10 and a sealing cover 9 adapted to the perfusion port 10. In some embodiments, a set volume of liquid is injected into the perfusion port 10 on the elastic shell through a liquid injection system, and then the perfusion port 10 is sealed with the sealing cover 9 to complete the preparation of the liquid capsule 4.
[0032] For example, the length of the liquid capsule 4 is 1.3m, 1.4m, 1.5m, 1.6m, 1.7m, 1.8m, 1.9m or 2.0m, etc.; the width of the liquid capsule 4 is 0.7m, 0.8m, 0.9m, 1.0m, 1.1m, 1.2m, 1.3m, 1.4m, 1.5m or 1.6m, etc., the liquid filled in the elastic shell includes water, and the density of the liquid capsule 4 needs to be less than the density of the filling slurry, so that the liquid capsule 4 can be dispersed as the filling slurry flows during grouting. As the filling slurry solidifies, the liquid capsule 4 is dispersed and solidified in the filling body formed by the filling slurry, so that the filling body and the liquid capsule 4 are combined into one. Since the filling body has good density and is always in a three-dimensional stress state, the liquid capsule 4 will remain in the filling body even under the action of the top plate pressure and will not leak outward. The filling method of the present application reduces the amount of filling slurry used, reduces the filling cost, and improves the filling efficiency.
[0033] In some embodiments, the density of the filling slurry is 1.4-2.0 t / m 3 In some embodiments, the density of the filling slurry is 1.8 t / m 3 , 1.9t / m 3 , or 2.0t / m 3etc.; the filling slurry is the first slurry or the second slurry, wherein the first slurry comprises gangue with a particle size not exceeding 10 mm, cement, fly ash and water; the concentration of the first slurry is 78%-80%, the slump is ≥220 mm, and the water seepage rate is ≤3%. Under the premise of satisfying the concentration, slump and water seepage rate of the first slurry, the proportions of gangue, cement, fly ash and water can be adjusted by technicians in this field according to experience, which will not be described in detail here.
[0034] In addition, in some embodiments, the second slurry includes fly ash, cement, quicklime and water; the concentration of the second slurry is 55%-62%, the slump is ≥220mm, and the water bleeding rate is ≤3%. Similarly, under the premise of satisfying the concentration, slump and water bleeding rate of the second slurry, the proportion of fly ash, cement, quicklime and water can be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to experience, and will not be described in detail here.
[0035] Therefore, the mixed filling material in this application includes filling slurry and multiple liquid capsules 4. The liquid capsules 4 are used to reduce the amount of filling material without affecting the bearing mechanical properties of the filling slurry, thereby reducing the filling cost of the mixed filling material and improving the filling efficiency, which plays an important role in promoting the application of filling mining.
[0036] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, a filling method using a mixed filling material is proposed, wherein the filling space is filled with the mixed filling material in any of the above embodiments; wherein the filling space is an abandoned underground tunnel, tunnel-type filling mining, or a branch tunnel of a continuous mining and filling working face; when the filling space is filled with the mixed filling material, the end of the filling space is sealed.
[0037] Wherein, filling the filling space with the mixed filling material in any of the above embodiments comprises the following steps:
[0038] S1: seal the end of the filling space;
[0039] S2: Filling the filling slurry into the closed filling space; at the same time, pouring liquid into the elastic shell and sealing the elastic shell to form a liquid capsule 4, and then putting the liquid capsule 4 into the filling space; multiple liquid capsules 4 are evenly dispersed with the flow of the filling slurry, and as the filling slurry solidifies, the liquid capsules 4 are solidified in the filling body formed by the filling slurry.
[0040] In step S1, the end of the filling space is sealed, that is, the filling space is an abandoned underground tunnel, a tunnel-type filling mining, or a branch tunnel of a continuous mining and filling working face; when the filling space is filled with mixed filling materials, the end of the filling space needs to be sealed first. For example, Figure 1 The underground filling space shown is located in the coal seam, and is surrounded by a coal seam roof 1, a coal seam floor 2, coal bodies 3 on the filling body side, and retaining walls 11 at both ends.
[0041] In step S2, the filling slurry is filled into the filling space through the filling pipeline 12 by using the underground or ground filling system. During the filling, the liquid capsule 4 is prepared and put into the filling space. The filling slurry flows and floats the liquid capsule 4 to a distance, and solidifies in the filling body 5 where the filling slurry solidifies. The preparation method of the liquid capsule 4 is as follows: the liquid capsule 4 is filled through the underground water supply pipeline 6, the sealing cover 9 on the elastic shell is opened, and the liquid outlet 7 of the underground water supply pipeline 6 is connected to the filling port 10 through the injection pipe 8, the liquid outlet 7 of the underground water supply pipeline 6 is opened, and after the elastic shell is filled, the sealing cover 9 is tightened to complete the filling of the liquid capsule 4. Figure 6 shown.
[0042] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , as the filling slurry is transported, the liquid level in the filling space gradually rises, and the filled liquid capsule 4 is put into the filling slurry over the retaining wall 11; finally, the filling body 5 formed in the filling space is as shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in the related art, the filling space is filled with filling slurry using conventional technology. Figure 3 and Figure 5 shown.
[0043] To facilitate further understanding of the present application, the scheme of the present application is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the description in the present application is only part of the examples, and any other suitable specific examples are within the scope of the present application.
[0044] Example 1
[0045] In a certain mine, during continuous mining and filling, a branch tunnel is arranged between the transport tunnel and the return air tunnel of the longwall working face for coal mining and filling. The coal mining branch tunnel and the filling branch tunnel are arranged at intervals. After coal mining, filling is carried out, and then coal is mined close to the filling body, and the cycle is carried out in sequence to realize the coal mining method of "digging coal in tunnels and filling in tunnels one by one" in the working face. The branch tunnel of the working face is 100m long, 6m wide and 4m high, and the filling space volume is 2400m 3 The first slurry with a concentration of 78% is used for filling, wherein the first slurry includes 55.7% gangue, 5.6% fly ash, 16.7% cement and 22% water by mass. The inner diameter of the filling pipe is 180mm and the flow rate is 160m 3 / h.
[0046] If the filling space of this embodiment is filled entirely with the first slurry, 2400m3 of slurry is required. 3 , filling time 15h, filling cost 104 yuan / m 3When the filling effect was tested later, the roof of the branch tunnel subsided by 12 mm. In this embodiment, an elastic shell made of latex was used, with a size of 1.5 m (length) × 1.4 m (width). It was filled with water from the water injection port of the underground water supply pipeline. After filling, the volume was 0.4 m 3 After the retaining walls at both ends of the branch tunnel were built (the height of the retaining wall at one end increased accordingly with the increase of the slurry level), the first slurry with a concentration of 78% was used for filling. The filling time was 12 hours and the filling slurry was 1920m 3 1,200 sacs were deployed with a total volume of 480m 3 , accounting for 20% of the volume of the mixed filling material, and the filling cost is 90 yuan / m 3 The filling time and filling cost were reduced by 20% and 13% respectively. When the filling effect was tested later, the roof of the branch tunnel subsided by 14mm. The increase was not obvious and would not affect the filling strength.
[0047] Example 2
[0048] There are multiple abandoned underground tunnels in a mine that need to be filled. The average length of the tunnel is 80m, the width is 5m, and the height is 5m. The filling space volume is 2000m 3 The second slurry with a concentration of 62% is used for filling, wherein the second slurry includes 50% fly ash, 4.9% cement, 7.1% quicklime and 38% water by mass. The inner diameter of the filling pipe is 120mm and the flow rate is 130m 3 / h.
[0049] If the filling space of this embodiment is completely filled with the second slurry, 2000m3 of slurry is required. 3 , filling time 15.4h, filling cost 96 yuan / m 3 When the filling effect is tested later, the tunnel roof sinks by 10 mm. In this embodiment, a polyethylene elastic shell is used, and its size is 1.4 m (length) × 1.2 m (width). It is filled with water from the water supply pipe in the well. After filling, the volume is 0.35 m 3 After the retaining walls at both ends of the branch tunnel were built (the height of the retaining wall at one end increased accordingly with the increase of the slurry level), the second slurry with a concentration of 62% was used for filling. The filling time was 12.2 hours and the filling slurry was 1580m 3 1,200 sacs were deployed with a total volume of 420 m 3 , accounting for 21% of the volume of mixed filling materials, and the filling cost is 82 yuan / m 3 , the filling time and filling cost were reduced by 21% and 15% respectively. When the filling effect was tested later, the roof of the branch tunnel subsided by 12mm, and the increase was not obvious, which would not affect the filling strength.
[0050] Example 3
[0051] A mine implements tunnel-type backfill mining. The average tunnel length is 120m, width is 6m, height is 5m, and the backfill space volume is 3600m 3 , using the first slurry with a concentration of 80% for filling, wherein the first slurry includes 55.7% gangue, 6.6% fly ash, 17.7% cement and 22% water by mass. The inner diameter of the filling pipe is 200mm, and the flow rate is 210m 3 / h.
[0052] If the filling space of this embodiment is filled entirely with the first slurry, 3600m3 of slurry needs to be filled. 3 , filling time 17.1h, filling cost 91 yuan / m 3 When the filling effect is tested later, the tunnel roof sinks 15mm. In this embodiment, a nylon elastic shell is used, and its size is 1.7m (length) × 1.5m (width). The water injection port of the underground water supply pipeline is used for injection, and the volume after filling is 0.45m 3 After the retaining walls at both ends of the branch tunnel are built (the height of the retaining wall at one end increases accordingly with the increase of the slurry liquid level), slurry filling is carried out. The filling time is 14.5h, and the filling slurry is 1580m 3 , a total of 1250 liquid capsules were put into use, with a total volume of 562.5m 3 , accounting for 15.6% of the volume of the mixed filling material, and the filling cost is 77 yuan / m 3 , the filling time and filling cost were reduced by 15.2% and 15.4% respectively. When the filling effect was tested later, the roof of the branch tunnel subsided by 16mm, and the increase was not obvious, which would not affect the filling strength.
[0053] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.
[0054] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A mixed filling material, characterized in that: It includes a filling slurry and a plurality of liquid capsules, wherein the liquid capsules include an elastic shell and a liquid with a set volume filled in the elastic shell; the density of the liquid capsules is less than the density of the filling slurry; The filling slurry and the plurality of liquid capsules enter the filling space together, and the plurality of liquid capsules are dispersed and solidified in the filling body formed by the filling slurry; Based on the mixed filling material, the volume percentage of the plurality of liquid capsules is 15%-25%.
2. The mixed filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the liquid sac is 1.3-2.0 m, and the width is 0.7-1.6 m.
3. The mixed filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic shell of the liquid capsule is made of latex, polyethylene or nylon; wherein the elastic shell is provided with a filling port and a sealing cover adapted to the filling port.
4. The mixed filling material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid filled in the elastic shell includes water.
5. The mixed filling material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The density of the filling slurry is 1.4-2.0t / m 3 .
6. The mixed filling material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filling slurry is a first slurry; the first slurry includes gangue with a particle size not exceeding 10 mm, cement, fly ash and water; the concentration of the first slurry is 78%-80%, the slump is ≥220 mm, and the water seepage rate is ≤3%.
7. The mixed filling material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filling slurry is a second slurry; the second slurry includes fly ash, cement, quicklime and water; the concentration of the second slurry is 55%-62%, the slump is ≥220mm, and the water seepage rate is ≤3%.
8. A filling method using a mixed filling material, characterized in that: The filling space is filled with the mixed filling material described in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The filling method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The filling space is an abandoned underground tunnel, a tunnel-type filling mining or a branch tunnel of a continuous mining and filling working face; when the filling space is filled with mixed filling materials, the end of the filling space is sealed.
10. The filling method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steps include: The end of the filling space is sealed; Filling slurry into the closed filling space; at the same time, pouring liquid into the elastic shell and sealing the elastic shell to form a liquid capsule, and then putting the liquid capsule into the filling space; multiple liquid capsules are evenly dispersed with the flow of the filling slurry, and as the filling slurry solidifies, the liquid capsules are solidified in the filling body formed by the filling slurry.