Floor heave prevention method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of floor heave prevention and provides a floor heave prevention method. The floor heave prevention and treatment method comprises the steps that drilling parameters of bottom plate drilling are determined; drill site parameters of the drill site are determined; and based on the drilling parameters, drilling holes are formed in a high-level stress layer and / or a floor heave starting layer of the roadway bottom plate. The floor heave prevention method can obviously improve the bearing capacity of the bottom plate; the deformation and damage of the roadway bottom plate are reduced, and the stability and safety of the roadway are improved; the occurrence of heaving floor can be effectively prevented; the influence of the roadway floor heave on underground engineering such as a coal mine can be reduced, and the safety and economic benefits of the engineering are improved; drill holes are formed in a high-level stress layer and / or a floor heave starting layer in advance, a roadway floor heave deformation space is reserved to achieve the purpose of actively treating roadway floor heaves, the current situation of passive prevention and control in the related technology is improved, the active means are more beneficial to guaranteeing safety of constructors compared with the passive means, and the safety of the constructors is improved. And the cost and risk of drilling operation can be reduced, and the overall benefits of engineering are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of bottom drum prevention and treatment, and provides a bottom drum prevention and treatment method. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel floor heave is a common dynamic phenomenon in mine tunnels, which seriously affects the production and safety of the mine. In severe cases, floor heave may cause the entire tunnel to be scrapped, which in turn leads to a reduction in the tunnel section, hinders transportation and pedestrians, hinders mine ventilation, and greatly increases the maintenance and safety burden. In addition, floor heave poses a threat to the personal safety of workers, especially when "bottoming out" work is carried out in areas where the mine pressure is strong.

[0003] The main methods for treating tunnel floor heave at present include strengthening the control of water accumulation in the tunnel, reinforcing the floor with grouting, implementing loosening blasting in the tunnel floor, and pre-constructing large-sized pressure relief trenches. However, these methods have certain limitations and disadvantages. Increasing water accumulation control can alleviate the floor heave in the short term, but it cannot cure it. The method of reinforcing the floor with grouting requires a lot of materials and only works when the floor strength is low. It is not effective in environments with high mine pressure. The loosening blasting method has great safety hazards and limited pressure relief effect due to the use of explosives. The pre-construction of large-sized pressure relief trenches is a huge project, and even after the floor heave, a lot of manpower and material resources are needed to do the "bottom-up" work.

[0004] Although existing methods can alleviate a series of problems caused by tunnel floor heaving to a certain extent, a more effective, safer and economical means is still needed to solve the tunnel floor heaving problem in order to reduce the safety threats and economic costs of mine production. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preventing and treating a bottom drum, so as to solve the defect that the passive treatment after the bottom drum in the related art is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a bottom drum prevention method, comprising: Determine the drilling parameters for the base plate drilling; Determine drilling site parameters for the drilling site; Based on the drilling parameters, the drilling holes are arranged in the high horizontal stress layer and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the drilling parameters include hole diameter, hole spacing, and number of holes to be drilled.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the drilling site parameters include at least the drilling site location, and the drilling site location includes at least one of a working face withdrawal passage, a coal body chamber, and an adjacent tunnel without pedestrians and vehicles.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the step of arranging boreholes in the high horizontal stress layer and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor, a kilometer directional drilling rig is used for drilling.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the step of arranging drilling holes in the high level stress layer and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor comprises: Directional drilling; Obtaining actual drilling parameters of the borehole; The operating parameters of the screw motor are adjusted based on the actual drilling parameters.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the working parameters of the screw motor include a bending angle of the outer tube and a tool facing angle.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, before the step of directional drilling, the method further includes: Screw motor test; Screw motor installation.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, before the step of directional drilling, the method further includes: Dig water tanks and drainage ditches.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the step of obtaining actual drilling parameters of the borehole includes: using a guidance system to obtain an actual drilling trajectory of the borehole; The actual drilling parameters are determined based on a comparison between the actual drilling trajectory and a preset drilling trajectory.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, after the step of arranging drilling holes in the high level stress layer and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor, the method further comprises: The borehole is hydraulically fractured and / or blasted.

[0016] According to the bottom drum prevention and control method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging holes in the high horizontal stress layer and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor, blasting or hydraulic fracturing pre-decompression can be performed, which can significantly reduce the stress on the tunnel floor and reserve deformation space on the floor. It helps to reduce the deformation and damage of the tunnel floor and improve the stability and safety of the tunnel. The bottom drum prevention and control method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively prevent the occurrence of bottom drum by determining reasonable drilling parameters and drilling field parameters and arranging holes at key positions of the tunnel floor. This helps to reduce the impact of tunnel floor drum on underground projects such as coal mines and improve the safety and economic benefits of the project. The bottom drum prevention and control method provided by the embodiment of the present invention also focuses on improving the efficiency and safety of drilling operations. By optimizing the drilling parameters and drilling field parameters, the efficient and safe drilling operations can be ensured. By arranging drill holes in the high-level stress layer and / or the bottom drum starting layer in advance and reserving space for the deformation of the tunnel bottom drum, the purpose of actively controlling the tunnel bottom drum is achieved, which improves the current status of passive prevention and control in related technologies. Active means are more beneficial to ensuring the safety of construction workers than passive means, which helps to reduce the cost and risk of drilling operations and improve the overall benefits of the project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drilling provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic flow chart of the bottom drum prevention method provided by the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals: 100. High horizontal stress layer; 102. Drilling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a bottom drum prevention method, comprising: Step 10, determining drilling parameters for the bottom plate drilling 102; Step 20, determining drilling site parameters of the drilling site; Step 30 , based on the drilling parameters, arranging a drill hole 102 in the high horizontal stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor.

[0023] According to the bottom drum prevention and control method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging the borehole 102 in the high horizontal stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor, blasting or hydraulic fracturing pre-decompression can be performed, which can significantly reduce the stress on the tunnel floor and reserve deformation space on the floor. It helps to reduce the deformation and damage of the tunnel floor and improve the stability and safety of the tunnel. The bottom drum prevention and control method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively prevent the occurrence of bottom drum by determining reasonable drilling parameters and drilling field parameters and arranging the borehole 102 at the key position of the tunnel floor. This helps to reduce the impact of tunnel floor drum on underground projects such as coal mines and improve the safety and economic benefits of the project. The bottom drum prevention and control method provided by the embodiment of the present invention also focuses on improving the efficiency and safety of the drilling 102 operation. By optimizing the drilling parameters and drilling field parameters, the efficient and safe operation of the drilling 102 operation can be ensured. By arranging the drilling hole 102 in the high-level stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer in advance, the deformation space of the tunnel bottom drum is reserved to achieve the purpose of actively controlling the tunnel bottom drum, thereby improving the current status of passive prevention and control in related technologies. Active means are more beneficial to ensuring the safety of construction personnel than passive means, which helps to reduce the cost and risk of the drilling 102 operation and improve the overall benefit of the project.

[0024] Please continue to see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The bottom drum prevention method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described below: Step 10, determining the drilling parameters of the bottom plate drilling 102: Drilling parameters are a key link in the method of preventing and controlling the bottom drum, and their accuracy directly affects the effect of the drilling hole 102 and the prevention and control effect of the bottom drum. The drilling parameters include the azimuth, inclination, hole depth, hole diameter, etc. of the drilling hole 102. These parameters need to be determined based on the geological conditions of the tunnel, the location of the starting layer of the bottom drum and the high horizontal stress layer 100, and the goal of preventing and controlling the bottom drum. For example, the layout parameters of the shallow pre-unloading drilling hole 102 can be referred to, such as the interval arrangement of the drilling hole 102, the row spacing, the hole spacing, the diameter of the drilling hole 102 and the hole depth, etc., to ensure that the drilling hole 102 can be effectively constructed in the starting layer of the bottom drum and the high horizontal stress layer 100.

[0025] Step 20, determine the drilling site parameters of the drilling site: The drilling site parameters refer to the location, size, shape, etc. of the drilling site. These parameters need to be determined according to the actual conditions of the roadway and the need for bottom drum prevention. The selection of the drilling site should ensure that the drilling 102 operation can proceed smoothly without adversely affecting the stability and safety of the roadway. The parameters of the drilling site also need to consider the size and operating space of the drilling 102 equipment to ensure the efficiency and safety of the drilling 102 operation.

[0026] Step 30, based on the drilling parameters, arranging drilling holes 102 in the high horizontal stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor: After the drilling parameters and drilling site parameters are determined, it is necessary to arrange the borehole 102 in the high horizontal stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor. The depth and angle of the borehole 102 should be determined according to the properties of the bottom rock layer and the type of the bottom drum to ensure that the borehole 102 can effectively penetrate the target rock layer and successfully reserve deformation space.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the drilling parameters include hole diameter, hole spacing, and the number of drilled holes 102 .

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, the specific setting of drilling parameters is crucial to the effect of bottom drum prevention. These parameters include but are not limited to hole diameter, hole spacing, pressure relief range and number of holes 102, which together determine the specific implementation and effect of the drilling 102 operation.

[0029] Aperture: The size of the aperture directly affects the effect of the reserved deformation space of the borehole 102. A larger aperture can provide a larger reserved deformation space, so that the bottom heave behavior of the tunnel is delayed and the amount of bottom heave is significantly reduced.

[0030] The selection of aperture needs to be based on comprehensive consideration of factors such as the properties of the tunnel floor rock formation and the subsequent hydraulic fracturing or blasting process to be carried out.

[0031] Hole spacing: The hole spacing refers to the distance between two adjacent boreholes 102. Reasonable hole spacing can ensure that the pressure relief effects between the boreholes 102 are connected to each other, avoiding the occurrence of pressure relief or reserved deformation space blind spots.

[0032] The determination of the hole spacing needs to take into account factors such as the deformation characteristics of the tunnel floor and the pressure relief range of the borehole 102.

[0033] Pressure relief range: The pressure relief range refers to the stress release area on the tunnel floor caused by the drilling 102 operation. By properly designing the arrangement and parameters of the drilling 102, the stress of the tunnel floor can be redistributed, reducing the risk of floor heave.

[0034] The determination of the decompression range needs to consider factors such as the mechanical properties of the tunnel floor rock layer, the distribution of the high horizontal stress layer 100 and the characteristics of the bottom drum starting layer.

[0035] Number of holes 102: The number of boreholes 102 directly affects the cost and effect of the operation of the boreholes 102. Too many boreholes 102 will increase the difficulty and cost of the operation, while too few boreholes 102 may not achieve the expected pressure relief effect.

[0036] The determination of the number of boreholes 102 needs to be comprehensively considered based on the actual situation of the tunnel floor, pressure relief requirements, budget and other factors.

[0037] By reasonably setting parameters such as the aperture, hole spacing, pressure relief range, and the number of holes 102, it is possible to ensure that the drilling 102 operation effectively relieves pressure on the tunnel floor. This helps to reduce the deformation and damage of the tunnel floor and improve the stability and safety of the tunnel. Reasonable setting of drilling parameters can guide the stress redistribution of the tunnel floor and reduce the risk of floor drum. At the same time, by implementing treatment measures such as blasting or hydraulic fracturing in the borehole, the pressure relief and deformation space reservation capabilities of the tunnel floor can be further enhanced, and the amount of tunnel floor drum can be reduced. By reasonably setting drilling parameters, the operating cost can be reduced while ensuring the pressure relief effect. Reasonable drilling parameters can make the drilling 102 operation more efficient. For example, by optimizing parameters such as the aperture and pressure relief range, the difficulty and time of the drilling 102 operation can be reduced, and the overall operating efficiency can be improved.

[0038] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the drilling site parameters include the drilling site location, and the drilling site location includes the working face withdrawal channel, the coal body chamber, and the adjacent tunnels without pedestrians and vehicles.

[0039] The setting of drilling site parameters is crucial. They not only affect the efficiency of drilling operations, but also directly relate to the safety and cost-effectiveness of operations. Among these parameters, the location of the drilling site is one of the most core elements.

[0040] The drilling site location selection scheme proposed in this embodiment fully considers the actual situation and special needs of coal mining operations. Specifically, the drilling site location is designed to include at least one of the working face withdrawal channel, the coal body chamber, and the adjacent roadway without pedestrians and vehicles. Such a design is based on the following considerations: Working face withdrawal channel: As an important channel in mining operations, the working face withdrawal channel usually has a relatively spacious space and good accessibility. Choosing this as the drilling site location can facilitate the installation, commissioning and operation of drilling equipment, as well as the entry and exit of operators and the transportation of materials.

[0041] Coal Chamber: Coal Chamber is an underground space in a coal mine used to store coal or other items. These spaces are usually stable and have a certain carrying capacity. Setting up the drilling site in the coal chamber can effectively utilize existing resources, reduce additional construction costs, and ensure the safety and stability of the drilling site.

[0042] Adjacent lanes without pedestrians and vehicles: In some cases, in order to reduce the impact on normal mining operations, the drilling site may be set up in adjacent lanes without pedestrians and vehicles. Such location selection can avoid the interference of drilling operations on the passage of personnel and vehicles, improve operational efficiency, and also reduce safety risks.

[0043] By properly selecting the location of the drilling site, the smooth installation and commissioning of the drilling equipment is ensured, and it is also convenient for the operation of the operators and the transportation of materials. This greatly shortens the preparation time for drilling operations and improves the efficiency of operations. Setting the drilling site in a stable and safe location, such as a coal body chamber or an adjacent tunnel without pedestrians and vehicles, can effectively reduce the safety risks during the operation. At the same time, the selection of these locations also reduces the interference of drilling operations on normal mining operations, further improving the safety of the overall operation. By rationally utilizing existing resources (such as coal body chambers) as the location of the drilling site, additional construction costs are reduced. In addition, by optimizing the selection of the drilling site location, resource waste and energy consumption during the operation can also be reduced, further reducing costs.

[0044] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the step of arranging the borehole 102 in the high horizontal stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor, a kilometer directional drilling rig is used to drill the borehole 102 .

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a technical solution is proposed for arranging a borehole 102 in a high horizontal stress layer 100 and / or a bottom drum starting layer of a tunnel floor. The core of the solution is to use a kilometer directional drilling rig to perform the drilling 102 operation.

[0046] First, a detailed geological survey is conducted on the tunnel floor to determine the key parameters such as the specific location, thickness, and strength of the high horizontal stress layer 100 and the bottom drum starting layer.

[0047] According to the geological survey results, the location, depth, number and spacing of the boreholes 102 are planned to ensure that the boreholes 102 can accurately penetrate the target strata.

[0048] Preparation of Kilometer Directional Drilling Rig: Select the appropriate model of kilometer-long directional drilling rig to ensure that its drilling capacity and accuracy meet project requirements.

[0049] Carry out comprehensive inspection and maintenance of the drilling rig, including adjusting the guidance system, lubrication system, drill pipe, etc., to ensure that the equipment is in the best working condition.

[0050] Drilling 102 operation: The kilometer-long directional drilling rig is accurately positioned at the drilling hole 102 position on the tunnel floor, and auxiliary tools such as navigation systems or laser rangefinders are used for positioning correction.

[0051] According to the planned drilling parameters, the drilling rig is started to perform the drilling 102 operation. During the drilling 102 process, the working status of the drilling rig and the progress of the drilling 102 are continuously monitored, and the drilling parameters are adjusted in time to ensure the quality and efficiency of the drilling 102.

[0052] When the borehole 102 reaches a predetermined depth, the drilling rig is stopped, the drill rod and the drill bit are recovered, and the rock cuttings and mud remaining in the hole are cleaned.

[0053] Drilling 102 acceptance and subsequent processing: The completed borehole 102 is inspected and checked to see whether the position, depth, diameter, etc. of the borehole 102 meet the design requirements.

[0054] According to the subsequent engineering requirements, necessary processing is performed on the borehole 102, such as blasting, hydraulic fracturing, etc.

[0055] The kilometer directional drilling rig has a precise guidance system and navigation function, which can ensure that the position and depth of the borehole 102 are accurate and meet the drilling 102 requirements under complex geological conditions. By arranging the borehole 102 in the high horizontal stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor and performing appropriate pressure relief treatment, the deformation and damage risks of the tunnel floor can be effectively reduced, and the overall stability of the tunnel can be improved. The kilometer directional drilling rig has a powerful drilling capability and an automated operating system, which can quickly complete the drilling 102 operation, reduce manual operation time and labor intensity, and improve construction efficiency. Using a kilometer directional drilling rig for drilling 102 operations can reduce the number of people entering high-risk areas of the tunnel floor, reduce the probability of safety accidents, and ensure the safety of construction personnel.

[0056] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the step of arranging a borehole 102 in the high level stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor comprises: Directional drilling; Acquiring actual drilling parameters of the borehole 102; Adjust the working parameters of the screw motor based on the actual drilling parameters.

[0057] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution of arranging the drilling hole 102 in the high horizontal stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor specifically includes the following steps: Directional Drilling: Directional drilling is performed in the high horizontal stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor using a directional drilling machine equipped with a high-precision navigation and guidance system.

[0058] During the drilling process, the drilling direction of the drilling rig is monitored and adjusted in real time to ensure that the drilling 102 can be carried out according to the predetermined trajectory.

[0059] Get the actual drilling parameters of borehole 102: During the drilling process, actual parameters of the borehole 102 , such as the depth of the borehole 102 , the hole diameter, the inclination angle of the drill rod, the drilling speed, etc., are acquired in real time through sensors and a monitoring system.

[0060] These actual parameters are crucial for evaluating the quality of the borehole 102 and adjusting the drilling strategy.

[0061] Adjust the working parameters of the screw motor based on the actual drilling parameters: According to the actual drilling parameters obtained, the working parameters of the screw motor are adjusted in real time.

[0062] The screw motor is a key component in directional drilling, and its operating parameters (such as speed, torque, etc.) directly affect the drilling efficiency and the quality of the borehole.

[0063] By adjusting the working parameters of the screw motor, the drilling process can be optimized and the drilling 102 accuracy and efficiency can be improved.

[0064] Through directional drilling and real-time monitoring of drilling parameters, the trajectory and depth of the borehole 102 can be accurately controlled, and the precision and accuracy of the borehole 102 can be improved. This helps to reduce errors and deviations in the process of drilling 102, ensuring that the drilling 102 can be carried out according to the predetermined requirements. By adjusting the working parameters of the screw motor in real time according to the actual drilling parameters, the drilling process can be optimized and the drilling efficiency can be improved. Through reasonable parameter adjustment, the energy consumption and wear in the drilling process can be reduced, and the service life of the drilling rig can be extended. The arrangement of the borehole 102 in the high horizontal stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor and appropriate pressure relief treatment can enhance the stability of the tunnel. This helps to reduce the deformation and damage of the tunnel floor and improve the safety and reliability of the tunnel. By improving the accuracy of the borehole 102 and optimizing the drilling efficiency, the waste and repeated operations in the process of drilling 102 can be reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced. At the same time, the use of high-precision navigation and guidance systems can reduce manual intervention and errors, and further improve construction efficiency and quality.

[0065] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the working parameters of the screw motor include the bending angle of the outer tube and the tool facing angle.

[0066] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a technical solution for optimizing the working parameters of a screw motor is proposed. The solution mainly focuses on two key parameters of the screw motor: the bending angle of the outer tube and the tool face angle.

[0067] Selection and adjustment of the bending angle of the outer tube: When designing a screw motor, the angle of the outer tube should be reasonably selected according to the expected drilling direction and formation conditions. The design of the angle should take into account the fluid dynamics characteristics to ensure that while providing sufficient steering force, the fluid resistance is minimized to improve the motor efficiency.

[0068] During the drilling process, the bending angle of the outer pipe is adjusted in time according to the actual situation and drilling requirements. This can be achieved by replacing drilling tools with different bending angles or adjusting the drilling tool combination.

[0069] Setting and controlling the tool roll angle: According to the target drilling trajectory and formation characteristics, set the appropriate tool face angle. The setting of the tool face angle needs to comprehensively consider factors such as the type of drill bit, drilling speed, formation hardness, etc. to ensure drilling efficiency and drilling quality.

[0070] During the drilling process, the tool face angle can be adjusted in time by real-time monitoring of the drilling trajectory and drilling parameters. This can be achieved by adjusting the combination of drilling tools, changing the drilling direction or using guided drilling technology.

[0071] By reasonably selecting and adjusting the bend angle of the outer tube and the tool face angle, the fluid dynamic characteristics during the drilling process can be optimized, the fluid resistance can be reduced, and the motor efficiency can be improved. At the same time, precise drilling direction control and optimized drilling parameter settings can shorten the drilling time and improve drilling efficiency. Precise control of the bend angle of the outer tube and the tool face angle can ensure that the drilling trajectory is carried out according to the predetermined requirements and avoid deviations and errors. This helps to reduce repetitive work and waste during the drilling 102 process and improve the accuracy and consistency of the drilling 102. When arranging the drilling 102 in the high-level stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor, precise drilling direction control and optimized drilling parameter settings can ensure that the drilling 102 causes minimal damage to the tunnel floor. This helps to maintain the stability of the tunnel and reduce the risk of tunnel deformation and damage. By improving the drilling efficiency and the quality of the drilling 102, waste and repetitive work during the construction process can be reduced, and construction costs can be reduced. At the same time, precise drilling direction control and optimized drilling parameter settings can reduce wear and damage to drilling tools and equipment and extend their service life.

[0072] According to one embodiment of the present invention, before the step of directional drilling, the method further includes: Screw motor test; Screw motor installation.

[0073] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution of arranging the drilling holes 102 in the high horizontal stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor is now further refined to add two key steps of screw motor testing and screw motor installation.

[0074] 1. Screw motor test Purpose: To ensure that the screw motor has good performance and no hidden troubles before it is put into use.

[0075] content: Functional test: Verify whether the basic functions of the screw motor, such as starting, running, and stopping, are normal.

[0076] Performance test: Measure the output torque, speed, power and other key performance indicators of the screw motor to ensure that it meets the design requirements.

[0077] Stability test: Test the continuous operation stability and durability of the screw motor under simulated drilling conditions.

[0078] Method: Use professional testing equipment and instruments to conduct tests in accordance with relevant standards and specifications.

[0079] 2. Screw motor installation Prepare: According to the position of the borehole 102 and the drilling direction, a suitable screw motor model and specification are selected.

[0080] Check the integrity of the screw motor and its accessories to ensure that nothing is damaged or missing.

[0081] Prepare necessary installation tools and materials.

[0082] step: Connect the screw motor to the drill pipe or other drilling tools to ensure that the connection is firm and reliable.

[0083] Adjust the bend angle of the screw motor's outer tube and the tool face angle according to drilling requirements.

[0084] The installed screw motor is inserted into the bore hole 102 to ensure that it can rotate and move forward and backward freely in the bore hole 102 .

[0085] Inspection: After installation, perform necessary inspections and tests to ensure that the screw motor can work properly.

[0086] Through precise screw motor testing and installation, we can ensure good motor performance, reduce downtime and improve drilling efficiency. Through strict screw motor testing and installation, we can ensure equipment stability and safety during drilling and reduce construction risks.

[0087] According to one embodiment of the present invention, before the step of directional drilling, the method further includes: Dig water tanks and drainage ditches.

[0088] According to one embodiment of the present invention, before the directional drilling step, a step of digging a water tank and a drainage ditch is added.

[0089] 1. Dig a water tank Purpose: The water tank is used to store the drainage water generated during the construction process to prevent the adverse effect of water accumulation on the drilling operation.

[0090] Location selection: Choose a suitable location to dig the water tank according to the topography, geological conditions and drilling requirements of the construction site. Usually, the water tank should be located in a low-lying area that is easy to drain.

[0091] Size design: The size of the water tank should be considered comprehensively based on factors such as the expected amount of water accumulation, drainage capacity and construction period. Ensure that the water tank has sufficient capacity to cope with possible water accumulation.

[0092] Construction: Use excavators and other mechanical equipment to dig and ensure that the water tank has a regular shape and flat walls, and set up necessary protective facilities to prevent collapse and leakage.

[0093] 2. Digging drainage ditches Purpose: Drainage ditches are used to guide the accumulated water in the construction area to flow to the water tank or other drainage facilities to ensure the dryness and safety of the construction site.

[0094] Layout planning: According to the topography, landforms and drilling requirements of the construction site, the layout of the drainage ditch should be reasonably planned. Ensure that the drainage ditch can cover the entire construction area and smoothly guide the accumulated water to the water tank.

[0095] Excavation and construction: Use excavators and other mechanical equipment to dig, ensure that the bottom of the drainage ditch is flat and the wall is vertical, and set up necessary protective measures to prevent collapse and blockage. At the same time, the width and depth of the drainage ditch should be reasonably designed according to the expected drainage volume and drainage speed.

[0096] Connection and dredging: Ensure smooth connection between the drain and the water tank or other drainage facilities to avoid water accumulation in the drain. At the same time, regularly dredge and maintain the drain to ensure that it is unobstructed.

[0097] By digging water tanks and drainage ditches, the external drainage of the borehole in the construction area can be effectively eliminated, the humidity and slip risk of the construction site can be reduced, and the safety of the construction workers can be improved. The presence of accumulated water will affect the smooth progress of the drilling operation. By digging water tanks and drainage ditches, the dryness of the construction site can be ensured, the resistance and friction during the drilling process can be reduced, and the drilling efficiency can be improved. Accumulated water may cause corrosion and damage to the drilling equipment. By digging water tanks and drainage ditches, direct contact between accumulated water and drilling equipment can be avoided, and the service life of the equipment can be extended. After digging water tanks and drainage ditches, the drainage system of the construction site is more complete, which helps to keep the construction site clean and orderly and provide a better working environment for construction workers. By improving construction safety and drilling efficiency, reducing additional costs such as construction delays and equipment damage caused by accumulated water, and reducing overall construction costs.

[0098] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the step of obtaining actual drilling parameters of the borehole 102 includes: Using the guidance system to obtain the actual drilling trajectory of the borehole 102; The actual drilling parameters are determined based on the comparison between the actual drilling trajectory and the preset drilling trajectory.

[0099] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the steps of obtaining the actual drilling parameters of the borehole 102 are as follows: 1. Using the guidance system to obtain the actual drilling trajectory of the borehole 102 Guidance system components: The guidance system is mainly composed of detectors (probes, P2, gyroscopes, etc.), control terminals, and direction control applications. The detector is installed and fixed in the non-magnetic drill collar, and measures parameters such as azimuth, inclination, and tool angle through its internal magnetic field sensors and gravity sensors.

[0100] Working principle: The detector is connected to the slip ring on the main shaft of the drilling rig through a signal line running through the inside of the drill pipe, and then the signal line is introduced into the control room and connected to the control terminal.

[0101] When measuring data, the control terminal supplies power to the detector through the signal line, and the data measured by the detector is then fed back to the control terminal in the form of a carrier signal.

[0102] Finally, the computer control software further processes the data into digital and graphical form, thereby obtaining the actual drilling trajectory of the borehole 102 .

[0103] Implementation steps: During pilot hole drilling, a wired guidance system is used.

[0104] The signal emitted by the sensor inside the drill bit feeds back the position of the drilling tool to the steering control room, allowing the driller to grasp the direction at any time.

[0105] The position, posture and movement trajectory of the drill bit are monitored and recorded in real time through the guidance system.

[0106] 2. Determine the actual drilling parameters based on the comparison between the actual drilling trajectory and the preset drilling trajectory Preset drilling trajectory: According to geological exploration data and engineering design requirements, the trajectory of the borehole 102 is preset, including parameters such as the starting point, end point, path, and depth of the borehole 102 .

[0107] Comparison method: The actual drilling trajectory is compared with the preset drilling trajectory and can be analyzed by computer control software.

[0108] Compare the differences between the two, including horizontal length, depth, left and right deviation, azimuth, inclination and other parameters.

[0109] Determine the actual drilling parameters: According to the comparison result, various parameters in the actual drilling process of the hole 102 are determined, such as the actual depth, inclination angle, horizontal displacement, etc. of the hole 102.

[0110] At the same time, the reasons for the deviation between the actual drilling trajectory and the preset trajectory, such as changes in geological conditions and equipment performance limitations, can also be analyzed.

[0111] By monitoring the drilling trajectory in real time through the guidance system and comparing it with the preset trajectory, deviations can be discovered and corrected in time, thereby improving the precision and accuracy of drilling 102. The guidance system can provide real-time feedback on the position and posture of the drill bit, so that construction personnel can adjust the drilling parameters in time, avoid unnecessary repeated drilling and correction, and thus improve construction efficiency. By accurately controlling the drilling trajectory, material waste and labor costs in the drilling 102 process can be reduced, while reducing the subsequent processing costs caused by drilling 102 deviations. The guidance system can monitor the position and status of the drill bit in real time, and promptly discover potential safety hazards, such as drill bit jamming, breakage, etc., to ensure safety during the construction process. By obtaining the actual drilling trajectory and parameters, more accurate and detailed data support can be provided for geological exploration, which helps to reveal the underground geological structure and resource distribution characteristics.

[0112] According to one embodiment of the present invention, after the step of arranging the drilling holes 102 in the high level stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor, the method further includes: The borehole 102 is hydraulically fractured and / or blasted.

[0113] According to one embodiment of the present invention, after the step of arranging the borehole 102 in the high horizontal stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor, the step of hydraulically fracturing and / or blasting the borehole 102 is also included.

[0114] After the drilling of the borehole 102 is completed, the upper and lower ends of the borehole 102 are sealed with packers to prevent the leakage of the fracturing fluid. The fracturing fluid (usually a mixture of water, sand and chemical reagents) is injected into the borehole 102 by a high-pressure pump, and the pressure is gradually increased. The fracturing fluid forms a high-pressure environment in the borehole 102, causing cracks to form on the wall of the borehole 102. As the pressure continues to increase, the cracks gradually expand and penetrate into the high-level stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor. After the cracks are formed, a certain pressure is maintained to continue to inject water to ensure that the cracks are fully expanded and stable.

[0115] As an alternative or supplementary solution to hydraulic fracturing, blasting can also be used to treat the borehole 102. An appropriate amount of explosives is loaded into the borehole 102, and the explosives are evenly distributed. Appropriate detonation devices and detonation techniques are used to ensure that the explosives can be accurately and safely detonated. The shock wave and high-pressure gas generated by the explosion of the explosives cause cracks in the wall of the borehole 102 and extend into the high horizontal stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor.

[0116] After the hydraulic fracturing or blasting is completed, necessary follow-up treatment is performed on the borehole 102, such as cleaning the residues in the borehole 102, checking the expansion of the cracks, etc. At the same time, according to actual needs, the tunnel floor can be further depressurized or repaired.

[0117] Through hydraulic fracturing or blasting methods, cracks are formed in the high-level stress layer 100 and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor, the accumulated stress is released, and the stress level of the tunnel floor is reduced. By changing the mechanical properties of the tunnel floor rock, the strength and stability of the rock are improved, thereby effectively controlling the occurrence and development of the bottom drum. The hydraulic fracturing or blasting method can improve the geological conditions of the tunnel floor, improve the overall stability of the tunnel, and ensure the safe use of the tunnel. Compared with traditional tunnel reinforcement methods, the hydraulic fracturing or blasting method has the advantages of fast construction speed, high efficiency and low cost. The fracturing fluid used in the hydraulic fracturing method can be recycled and reused, reducing pollution to the environment. At the same time, the method does not require a large amount of energy consumption, which meets the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0118] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling bottom drum, characterized in that: include: Determining drilling parameters for bottom plate drilling (102); Determine drilling site parameters for the drilling site; Based on the drilling parameters, a drilling hole (102) is arranged in a high level stress layer (100) and / or a floor drum starting layer of the tunnel floor.

2. The bottom drum prevention method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling parameters include hole diameter, hole spacing, and the number of drilling holes (102).

3. The bottom drum prevention method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling site parameters include at least the drilling site location, and the drilling site location includes at least one of a working face withdrawal passage, a coal body chamber, and an adjacent tunnel without pedestrians and vehicles.

4. The bottom drum prevention method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of arranging a borehole (102) in the high horizontal stress layer (100) and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor, a kilometer directional drilling rig is used to perform the drilling (102).

5. The bottom drum prevention method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of arranging a borehole (102) in the high horizontal stress layer (100) and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor comprises: Directional drilling; Obtaining actual drilling parameters of the drilling hole (102); The operating parameters of the screw motor are adjusted based on the actual drilling parameters.

6. The bottom drum prevention method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The working parameters of the screw motor include the bending angle of the outer tube and the tool facing angle.

7. The bottom drum prevention method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before the directional drilling step, the method further includes: Screw motor test; Screw motor installation.

8. The bottom drum prevention method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before the directional drilling step, the method further includes: Dig water tanks and drainage ditches.

9. The bottom drum prevention method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of obtaining actual drilling parameters of the drilling hole (102) comprises: Using a guidance system to obtain an actual drilling trajectory of the borehole (102); The actual drilling parameters are determined based on a comparison between the actual drilling trajectory and a preset drilling trajectory.

10. The bottom drum prevention method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: After the step of arranging a borehole (102) in the high level stress layer (100) and / or the bottom drum starting layer of the tunnel floor, the method further comprises: The borehole (102) is hydraulically fractured and / or blasted.

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