Expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional material and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on a composite functional material and an operation method of the expanded granular sludge bed reactor. The expanded granular sludge bed reactor comprises a reactor main tank body, an input water distribution mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the reactor main tank body, a three-phase separation mechanism is arranged in the reactor main tank body, and a reflux mechanism is arranged on the reactor main tank body; the input water distribution mechanism comprises an annular hollow water distribution gathering input ring shell which is fixed at the lower end of the outer side of the reactor main tank body, a plurality of water distribution input through grooves communicated with the water distribution gathering input ring shell are formed in the side wall of the reactor main tank body, and water distribution input guide pipes are arranged in the water distribution input through grooves; a cyclone gas-liquid separator communicated with the reactor main tank body is fixed at the top of the reactor main tank body, and a gas phase output end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator is connected with a biogas collecting device; the reactor can strengthen mass transfer and separation, a slender flow channel can be formed due to the large height-diameter ratio, the flowing path of wastewater is long, the wastewater can make full contact with granular sludge, the mass transfer efficiency is improved, and meanwhile separation of the gas phase, the liquid phase and the solid phase is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to an expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of wastewater treatment, the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus is a key link because they are the main nutrients that cause eutrophication of water bodies. Traditional biological denitrification technologies, such as activated sludge method, usually involve nitrification and denitrification processes, which are energy-intensive, costly to operate, and require additional organic carbon sources. As an emerging wastewater treatment technology, anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology can directly convert ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen into nitrogen gas without the need for additional organic carbon sources, showing higher energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness.

[0003] However, the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process faces some challenges in practical application, especially the stability and regeneration capacity of granular sludge. The stability of granular sludge is crucial to maintaining the efficient operation of the reactor, while its regeneration capacity is related to the long-term stability of the reactor and the sustainability of operation. In the anaerobic ammonium oxidation EGSB (Expanded Granular Sludge Bed) reactor, the performance of granular sludge is affected by many factors, including the structure of the microbial population, the physical structure of the granules, and the chemical composition.

[0004] Although the microbiological and biochemical characteristics of anammox granular sludge have been studied, the understanding of the formation, growth and regeneration mechanisms of granules is still limited. In particular, there is a lack of in-depth research on how the microstructure and chemical composition of the granules affect their performance and how to optimize the stability and regeneration capacity of granular sludge by regulating these factors.

[0005] In addition, phosphorus recovery, as another important goal of wastewater treatment, usually requires an additional chemical precipitation process, which increases the complexity and cost of the operation. If phosphorus recovery can be integrated with the nitrogen removal process, the efficiency and economy of wastewater treatment will be greatly improved. Hydroxyapatite (HA), as an important phosphorus recovery material, has been widely studied for chemical precipitation of phosphorus. However, it is still a challenge to combine HA with anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge to achieve the simultaneous removal and recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus.

[0006] In summary, anammox-hydroxyapatite coupled particles showed efficient removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in the EGSB reactor. However, in order to further improve its adaptability and stability in complex wastewater treatment environments, new composite materials need to be developed to enhance their physical, chemical and biological properties. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide an expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials and an operation method thereof, by compounding anaerobic ammonium oxidation-hydroxyapatite coupling particles with other functional materials to improve the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency and stability in wastewater treatment.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials comprises a reactor main tank body, a water input distribution mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the reactor main tank body, a three-phase separation mechanism is arranged in the reactor main tank body, and a reflux mechanism is arranged on the reactor main tank body;

[0010] The input water distribution mechanism comprises a hollow annular water distribution and input ring shell fixed to the lower end of the outer side of the reactor main tank body, and a plurality of water distribution input slots connected to the water distribution and input ring shell are provided on the side wall of the reactor main tank body, and a water distribution input guide pipe is provided in the water distribution input slot;

[0011] A cyclone gas-liquid separator connected to the reactor main tank is fixed on the top, a gas phase output end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator is connected to a biogas collection device, and a liquid phase output end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator is connected to a reactor main drain pipe;

[0012] The three-phase separation mechanism comprises a three-phase separation support body fixed in the main tank of the reactor, the three-phase separation support body has a plurality of vertically penetrating three-phase separation accommodating holes, and a three-phase separator is fixed in the three-phase separation accommodating holes;

[0013] The three-phase separator comprises a three-phase separator outer cylinder shell with an opening facing downward, wherein a plurality of flow guiding return ring shells and flow guiding gas collecting cone shells are fixed in the three-phase separator outer cylinder shell;

[0014] The lower edge of the guide return ring shell is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell of the three-phase separator. A gap is provided between the lower edge of the guide gas collecting cone shell and the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell of the three-phase separator to form a return liquid phase ascending channel. A gas collecting outer discharge pipe connected to the inside of the guide gas collecting cone shell is fixed on the top of the guide gas collecting cone shell.

[0015] The lower edge of the diversion return ring shell is provided with a plurality of vertically penetrating solid phase falling grooves;

[0016] A plurality of liquid phase discharge pipes connected to the interior of the three-phase separator and extending vertically are fixed on the top of the outer cylinder shell;

[0017] A gas collecting main pipe is fixed on the top of the outer cylinder shell of the three-phase separator, and each gas collecting external discharge pipe is connected to the gas collecting main pipe.

[0018] Preferably, the water distribution input guide pipe is connected to the side wall of the reactor main tank body through a guide deflection adjustment mechanism, the guide deflection adjustment mechanism includes a deflection adjustment support shaft fixed on the upper and lower sides of the water distribution input guide pipe and coaxially vertically extended, a deflection adjustment support seat is fixed on the outer wall of the reactor main tank body inside the water distribution input ring shell, a deflection adjustment support seat is fixed on the upper and lower sides of each water distribution input through groove, the deflection adjustment support seat has a vertically extending deflection adjustment shaft connecting hole, and the deflection adjustment support shaft is rotatably connected in the deflection adjustment shaft connecting hole.

[0019] Description: The direction of the water distribution input guide pipe can be adjusted by using the guide deflection adjustment mechanism. The deflection adjustment support shaft is driven by a servo motor of the prior art fixed on the deflection adjustment support seat to rotate around the vertical axis through gear transmission. The deflection adjustment support shaft then drives the water distribution input guide pipe to rotate together, thereby realizing the adjustment of the direction of the water distribution input guide pipe.

[0020] Preferably, a water distribution input guide cone is fixed at the bottom of the reactor main tank, the outer side surface of the water distribution input guide cone is a concave cone structure, and a plurality of water distribution input guide plates are fixed on the outer side surface of the water distribution input guide cone;

[0021] The water distribution input guide plate is divided into a spiral guide section and a vertical guide section. The spiral guide section is arranged to extend spirally around the vertical axis of the water distribution input guide cone, and the vertical guide section is arranged to extend along a vertical plane.

[0022] Description: Under the guidance of the water distribution input guide cone and multiple water distribution input guide plates, the water can be evenly distributed at the bottom of the reactor, and the wastewater can be evenly distributed on the cross-section of the reactor, avoiding local water flow short circuit or dead zone, and ensuring that the granular sludge in various parts of the reactor can fully contact with the wastewater.

[0023] Preferably, a plurality of micro-vortex guide vanes are fixed to both the inner and outer walls of the guide return ring shell, and the micro-vortex guide vanes are arranged to extend spirally around the vertical axis of the guide return ring shell.

[0024] Description: The micro-cyclone guide vane can force the wastewater flowing through the guide return ring shell to produce micro-cyclone, which is beneficial to further promote solid-liquid separation.

[0025] Preferably, the reflux mechanism comprises a plurality of reflux initial external discharge pipes connected to the interior of the reactor main tank body, a plurality of reflux mixing input pipes connected to the interior of the water distribution and input ring shell are fixed on the top, and the plurality of reflux initial external discharge pipes and the plurality of reflux mixing input pipes are connected one by one through a plurality of reflux delivery pumps;

[0026] The outer side wall of the reactor main tank body has a plurality of reflux initial pipe connection holes communicating with each other, and a plurality of reflux initial outer pipes are sealed and slidably connected in each reflux initial pipe connection hole one by one;

[0027] A plurality of reflux pipe driving fixed cylinders with openings obliquely upward are fixed on the outside of the reactor main tank body, a reflux pipe driving sliding cylinder with openings obliquely downward is slidably connected to the outside of the reflux pipe driving fixed cylinder, a plurality of reflux initial outer discharge pipes are fixedly connected to each reflux pipe driving sliding cylinder in a one-to-one correspondence, and a reflux pipe driving telescopic rod for driving the reflux pipe driving sliding cylinder to move is arranged in the reflux pipe driving fixed cylinder;

[0028] The reflux initial external discharge pipe is connected to the input end of the reflux delivery pump, and the reflux mixing input pipe is connected to the output end of the reflux delivery pump.

[0029] Description: The reflux pipe is driven by a telescopic rod to drive the reflux pipe driving sliding cylinder to move together with the reflux initial external discharge pipe along the axis of the reflux pipe driving fixed cylinder, so as to adjust the specific position of the reflux initial external discharge pipe at one end of the reactor main tank body, thereby adjusting the reflux water quality to achieve different wastewater treatment effects.

[0030] Preferably, a temperature control mechanism is provided in the reactor main tank body, the temperature control mechanism comprises a temperature control adjustment support ring fixed in the reactor main tank body and extending vertically, the interior of the side wall of the temperature control adjustment support ring is a hollow structure, a temperature control channel partition extending spirally around the axis of the temperature control adjustment support ring is fixed inside the side wall of the temperature control adjustment support ring, and the temperature control channel partition divides the interior of the side wall of the temperature control adjustment support ring into a temperature control flow channel extending spirally around the axis of the temperature control adjustment support ring;

[0031] A temperature control heat exchange input pipe and a temperature control heat exchange output pipe respectively connected to two ends of the temperature control flow channel are fixed on the outside of the temperature control adjustment support ring;

[0032] A plurality of thermometers are arranged vertically on the side wall of the reactor main tank.

[0033] Description: According to the monitoring data of the thermometer, the temperature of the wastewater in the main tank of the reactor is adjusted by using the temperature control mechanism, and the water of a specific temperature is input into the temperature control support ring through the temperature control heat exchange input pipe by using a delivery pump. The water of a specific temperature flows along the temperature control flow channel in the temperature control support ring and exchanges heat with the temperature control support ring, and then the temperature control support ring is brought into contact with the wastewater for heat exchange, thereby achieving the purpose of temperature regulation of the wastewater.

[0034] Preferably, a plurality of vertically extending temperature-control heat-conducting fins are fixed to both the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the temperature-control and adjustment support ring;

[0035] The top of the temperature control support ring is rotatably connected to a circulation auxiliary drive ring coaxially arranged therewith, and a plurality of circulation auxiliary drive blades are fixed on the inner and outer sides of the circulation auxiliary drive ring;

[0036] An auxiliary flow driving support ring coaxially arranged therewith is fixed on the outer side of the temperature control support ring near the top, and an auxiliary flow driving rotating ring is rotatably connected to the auxiliary flow driving support ring, and the auxiliary flow driving rotating ring is fixedly connected to the circulation auxiliary driving ring.

[0037] Description: The auxiliary flow driving rotating ring is used to drive the circulation auxiliary driving ring together with multiple circulation auxiliary driving blades to rotate, driving the wastewater to flow along the axial direction of the temperature control and adjustment support ring, so that the wastewater can more fully contact the temperature control and adjustment support ring for heat exchange.

[0038] Preferably, a segmented sampling mechanism is provided on the reactor main tank body, and the segmented sampling mechanism includes a sampling connecting tube fixed to the outer side wall of the reactor main tank body and connected to the interior thereof, a sampling connecting control valve is provided on the sampling connecting tube, a sampling distribution cylinder coaxially connected to the outer end of the sampling connecting tube is fixed, a sampling partition piston is slidably connected in the sampling distribution cylinder, and the sampling partition piston divides the interior of the sampling distribution cylinder into a sample temporary storage chamber and an air pressure buffer chamber;

[0039] The sample temporary storage chamber is connected with the sampling connecting pipe, and a sampling external discharge pipe connected with the sample temporary storage chamber is fixed on the outside of the sampling distribution cylinder, and a sampling external discharge control valve is provided on the sampling external discharge pipe;

[0040] A manual push-back rod is fixed to one end of the sampling separation piston in the air pressure buffer chamber. The manual push-back rod is sealingly and slidingly connected to the outer end of the sampling distribution cylinder and extends to the outside of the sampling distribution cylinder.

[0041] Description: The wastewater being treated is sampled and tested using a segmented sampling mechanism, and the pressure balance between the sample temporary storage chamber and the air pressure buffer chamber is used to minimize the disturbance to the inside of the reactor main tank during the sampling process.

[0042] Preferably, a stirring mechanism is provided at the bottom of the reactor main tank, a vertically extending stirring mechanism accommodating hole is provided at the top of the water distribution input guide cone, the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring drive support shell slidably connected in the stirring mechanism accommodating hole, a stirring support column is rotatably connected to the top of the stirring drive support shell, the outer side wall of the stirring support column has a plurality of vertically extending stirring blade hidden grooves, and stirring drive blades are connected in the stirring blade hidden grooves;

[0043] A blade connecting seat is fixed at the bottom of the mixing blade hidden groove, a blade connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the blade connecting seat, and the lower end of the mixing driving blade is fixedly connected to the blade connecting shaft;

[0044] The rotating shaft at the lower end of the stirring support column extends into the interior of the stirring drive support cylinder shell, and a stirring drive motor for driving the stirring support column to rotate is fixed in the stirring drive support cylinder shell;

[0045] The bottom of the stirring mechanism accommodating hole is provided with a stirring mechanism extending driving rod for driving the stirring driving support cylinder shell to move up and down.

[0046] Description: The stirring mechanism is used to stir the wastewater being treated at a low speed so that the wastewater and the composite granular sludge are fully in contact, and in the non-working stage, the stirring mechanism can be retracted as a whole into the stirring mechanism receiving hole.

[0047] Preferably, the operation method of the expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on the composite functional material, based on the above-mentioned expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on the composite functional material, comprises the following steps:

[0048] S1. Wastewater treatment:

[0049] The wastewater to be treated is input into the main tank of the reactor through the input water distribution mechanism, and the main tank of the reactor contains composite granular sludge;

[0050] The composite granular sludge is inoculated with anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (anammox bacteria), the inoculation amount of the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is 25-35 gVSS / L, and the wastewater is subjected to an anaerobic reaction at 23-27°C for 18-30 hours;

[0051] The wastewater to be treated is input into the water distribution and aggregation input ring shell by using a delivery pump, and the wastewater in the water distribution and aggregation input ring shell then passes through each water distribution input slot and enters the interior of the reactor main tank body;

[0052] When the wastewater passes through each water distribution input slot, the water distribution input guide pipe is used to guide the flow direction of the wastewater so that the flow direction of the wastewater forms a certain angle with the radial direction of the reactor main tank body, that is, the wastewater can generate a swirl around the axis of the reactor main tank body after flowing into the reactor main tank body;

[0053] S2, three-phase separation:

[0054] The wastewater flows from bottom to top in the main tank of the reactor, and the three-phase separator simply divides the main tank of the reactor into the upper section of the main tank and the lower section of the main tank. Multiple three-phase separators are used to perform three-phase separation treatment on the wastewater;

[0055] The wastewater flows from bottom to top through the outer shell of the three-phase separator. When it flows through the guide return ring shell, the wastewater is forced to converge to the center, which is conducive to the fusion of bubbles in the wastewater. The gas phase in the wastewater rises under the action of buoyancy and gathers at the top of the guide gas collecting cone shell. The gas phase is discharged through the gas collecting outer discharge pipe and collected in the gas collecting main pipe;

[0056] Under the blocking effect of the guide gas collecting cone shell, the liquid phase in the wastewater returns through the gap between the top of the guide return ring shell and the bottom of the guide gas collecting cone shell and then flows to the return liquid phase ascending channel. The liquid phase in the wastewater continues to flow from bottom to top through the return liquid phase ascending channel.

[0057] The solid phase in the wastewater falls down along the outer wall of the guide return ring shell under the action of gravity, and finally passes through the solid phase falling grooves and falls back to the bottom of the reactor main tank;

[0058] Finally, the liquid phase that rises to the top of the outer shell of the three-phase separator can be discharged through each liquid phase external discharge pipe;

[0059] Under the separation effect of multiple diversion ring shells and diversion gas collecting cone shells, the wastewater in the lower section of the main tank is separated into three phases: gas, liquid and solid. The gas phase is discharged through the gas collecting manifold for collection, the solid phase falls back to the bottom of the reactor main tank, and the liquid phase is discharged into the upper section of the main tank through each liquid phase external discharge pipe;

[0060] S3, reflux processing:

[0061] The wastewater in the upper section of the main tank is refluxed through the reflux mechanism;

[0062] The reflux ratio is 2.5;

[0063] S4, separation and discharge

[0064] The treated wastewater in the upper section of the main tank body then flows from bottom to top through the cyclone gas-liquid separator, and the gas phase in the wastewater is further separated by the cyclone gas-liquid separator. The gas phase separated from the gas phase output end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator is collected by the biogas collection device, and the liquid phase separated from the liquid phase output end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator can be discharged through the reactor main drain pipe.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in the following aspects:

[0066] 1. The present invention has a reasonable structural design and high mass transfer performance. The composite functional material has a special physical structure, which can provide a good flow channel for sludge and wastewater, so that wastewater and granular sludge can fully contact and mix. In the EGSB reactor, this characteristic can promote the transfer of substrates from the liquid phase to the surface of granular sludge, and improve the mass transfer efficiency;

[0067] 2. The composite functional material of the present invention has a high porosity. The composite functional material used often has a high porosity, which provides more space for the growth and metabolism of microorganisms and is also conducive to the mass transfer process between gas, liquid and solid particles;

[0068] 3. The reactor of the present invention has excellent microbial attachment and fixation performance. The composite functional material can have appropriate surface charge, roughness and chemical functional groups by adjusting its composition and surface modification, which is conducive to the attachment and fixation of microorganisms. Microorganisms can form a stable biofilm on the surface of the material, increase the concentration and activity of microorganisms, and enhance the processing capacity of the reactor;

[0069] 4. The reactor of the present invention can strengthen mass transfer and separation, has a large height-to-diameter ratio, and occupies a small area. The large height-to-diameter ratio can form a slender flow channel. After the wastewater enters from the bottom, the upward flow path is longer, which can fully contact with the granular sludge, prolong the mass transfer time, and improve the mass transfer efficiency. At the same time, it is conducive to the separation of gas, liquid and solid phases. The gas is more easily discharged from the top during the rising process, and the granular sludge is more easily settled to the bottom of the reactor under the action of gravity, reducing the loss of sludge;

[0070] 5. The water distribution at the bottom of the reactor of the present invention is uniform, so that the wastewater can be evenly distributed on the cross section of the reactor, avoiding local water flow short circuit or dead zone, ensuring that the granular sludge in various parts of the reactor can fully contact with the wastewater, giving full play to the treatment capacity of the entire reactor, providing uniform hydraulic conditions for the granular sludge, making the granular sludge expand evenly in the reactor, forming a good fluidized state, which is beneficial to improving the mixing degree and mass transfer efficiency of sludge and wastewater, and promoting full contact and reaction between microorganisms and substrates;

[0071] 6. The reactor of the present invention is equipped with an efficient three-phase separator, which can effectively separate gas, liquid and solid particles. Through the special design of guide plates or baffles, the gas is quickly separated from the mixed liquid and discharged from the reactor through the gas collection pipe. The sedimentation area provides sufficient sedimentation space and time for the granular sludge, so that the sludge can settle quickly. The design of the solid phase falling channel ensures that the precipitated sludge can smoothly flow back to the reaction zone at the bottom of the reactor to maintain the sludge concentration in the reactor;

[0072] 7. The reactor of the present invention has an efficient and adjustable reflux design to improve the treatment efficiency. Part of the treated effluent is refluxed to the bottom of the reactor, mixed with the influent and then re-entered into the reactor for treatment. This can increase the hydraulic load in the reactor, enhance the contact and mixing degree between the wastewater and the granular sludge, and help improve the removal efficiency of pollutants. In particular, for some difficult-to-degrade pollutants, the reflux can increase their residence time in the reactor, giving them more opportunities to contact with microorganisms and be degraded.

[0073] 8. The reactor of the present invention has enhanced pollutant removal capabilities and broad-spectrum pollutant adaptability. The composite functional materials can be loaded with active components with different functions, so that the EGSB reactor can simultaneously treat multiple types of pollutants, and has a good removal effect on organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants, thereby improving the treatment efficiency and effluent quality of the reactor, and has deep treatment capabilities. By utilizing the special properties of the composite functional materials, such as adsorption and catalysis, it is possible to achieve deep treatment of some difficult-to-degrade pollutants, convert them into more biodegradable substances, and further improve the removal rate of pollutants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0074] Figure 1 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the input water distribution mechanism of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A top view of

[0077] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water distribution input guide cone of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the three-phase separator of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flow-guiding return ring shell of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the reflux initial external discharge pipe of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the temperature control mechanism of the present invention;

[0082] Fig. 9 is a top view of the circulation auxiliary drive ring of the present invention;

[0083] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the segmented sampling mechanism of the present invention;

[0084] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stirring mechanism of the present invention;

[0085] Fig.12 is a top view of the stirring support column of the present invention;

[0086] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring driving blade of the present invention.

[0087] In the figure, 10-reactor main tank, 11-cyclone gas-liquid separator, 12-biogas collection device, 13-reactor main drainage pipe, 20-input water distribution mechanism, 21-water distribution summary input ring shell, 210-water distribution input through groove, 211-water distribution input single pipe, 22-water distribution input guide pipe, 23-guide deflection adjustment mechanism, 231-deflection adjustment support shaft, 232-deflection adjustment support seat, 2320-deflection adjustment shaft connecting hole, 24-water distribution input guide cone, 241-water distribution input guide plate, 2411-spiral guide section, 2412- Vertical guide section, 30-three-phase separation mechanism, 31-three-phase separation support, 310-three-phase separation receiving hole, 32-three-phase separator, 321-three-phase separator outer cylinder shell, 322-guide return ring shell, 3220-solid phase falling groove, 3221-micro-cyclone guide plate, 323-guide gas collecting cone shell, 3230-return liquid phase rising channel, 3231-gas collecting outer discharge pipe, 324-liquid phase outer discharge pipe, 325-gas collecting main pipe, 40-reflux mechanism, 41-reflux initial outer discharge pipe, 410-reflux initial pipe connecting hole, 42-reflux mixing Input pipe, 43- reflux delivery pump, 441- reflux pipe drive fixed cylinder, 442- reflux pipe drive sliding cylinder, 443- reflux pipe drive telescopic rod, 50- temperature control mechanism, 501- thermometer, 51- temperature control adjustment support ring, 511- temperature control channel partition, 510- temperature control circulation channel, 512- temperature control heat exchange input pipe, 513- temperature control heat exchange output pipe, 52- temperature control heat conduction fin, 53- circulation auxiliary drive ring, 530- circulation auxiliary drive blade, 531- auxiliary flow drive support ring, 532- auxiliary flow drive rotating ring, 60- segmented Sampling mechanism, 61-sampling connecting pipe, 610-sampling connecting control valve, 62-sampling distribution cylinder, 621-sample temporary storage chamber, 622-air pressure buffer chamber, 63-sampling separation piston, 64-sampling external discharge pipe, 640-sampling external discharge control valve, 65-manual push back rod, 70-stirring mechanism, 701-stirring mechanism accommodating hole, 71-stirring drive support cylinder shell, 711-stirring drive motor, 72-stirring support column, 720-stirring blade hidden groove, 721-blade connecting seat, 722-blade connecting shaft, 73-stirring drive blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0088] Combine the following Figures 1 to 13 The present invention is described in detail. For the convenience of description, the directions mentioned below are defined as follows: the up, down, left, right, front, and back directions mentioned below are consistent with the up, down, left, right, front, and back directions of the projection relationship of the respective main views or structural schematic diagrams themselves.

[0089] Embodiment 1:

[0090] Expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes a reactor main tank body 10, a water input distribution mechanism 20 is provided at the bottom of the reactor main tank body 10, a three-phase separation mechanism 30 is provided inside the reactor main tank body 10, and a reflux mechanism 40 is provided on the reactor main tank body 10;

[0091] The main tank body 10 of the reactor is a waisted structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom;

[0092] like Figure 1 As shown, a cyclone gas-liquid separator 11 connected to the reactor main tank 10 is fixed on the top, a gas phase output end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator 11 is connected to a biogas collection device 12, and a liquid phase output end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator 11 is connected to a reactor main drain pipe 13;

[0093] The cyclone gas-liquid separator 11 is a cyclone gas-liquid separator of the prior art, and the biogas collecting device 12 is a biogas collecting device of the prior art;

[0094] like Figure 1 As shown, the input water distribution mechanism 20 includes a hollow annular water distribution input ring shell 21 fixed to the lower end of the outer side of the reactor main tank body 10, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the side wall of the reactor main tank 10 is provided with a plurality of water distribution input grooves 210 connected with the water distribution input ring shell 21, and a water distribution input guide pipe 22 is provided in the water distribution input grooves 210;

[0095] A plurality of water distribution input single pipes 211 connected to the inside of the water distribution input annular shell 21 are fixed on the outside of the water distribution input annular shell 21;

[0096] like Figure 2 As shown, the water distribution input guide pipe 22 is connected to the side wall of the reactor main tank body 10 through the guide deflection adjustment mechanism 23, and the guide deflection adjustment mechanism 23 includes a deflection adjustment support shaft 231 fixed on the upper and lower sides of the water distribution input guide pipe 22 and coaxially vertically extending. A deflection adjustment support seat 232 is fixed on the outer side wall of the reactor main tank body 10 in the water distribution input ring shell 21, and a deflection adjustment support seat 232 is fixed on the upper and lower sides of each water distribution input through groove 210. The deflection adjustment support seat 232 has a vertically extending deflection adjustment shaft connection hole 2320, and the deflection adjustment support shaft 231 is rotatably connected in the deflection adjustment shaft connection hole 2320;

[0097] The deflection adjustment support shaft 231 is driven by a prior art servo motor fixed on the deflection adjustment support seat 232 to rotate around a vertical axis through gear transmission;

[0098] like Figure 1 As shown, a water distribution input guide cone 24 is fixed at the bottom of the reactor main tank 10, and the outer side of the water distribution input guide cone 24 is a concave cone structure, and a plurality of water distribution input guide plates 241 are fixed on the outer side of the water distribution input guide cone 24;

[0099] like Figure 4 As shown, the water distribution input guide plate 241 is divided into a spiral guide section 2411 and a vertical guide section 2412. The spiral guide section 2411 is arranged to extend spirally around the vertical axis of the water distribution input guide cone 24, and the vertical guide section 2412 is arranged to extend along a vertical plane.

[0100] like Figure 1 As shown, the three-phase separation mechanism 30 includes a three-phase separation support 31 fixed in the reactor main tank 10, and the three-phase separation support 31 has a plurality of vertically through three-phase separation accommodating holes 310, and a three-phase separator 32 is fixed in the three-phase separation accommodating holes 310;

[0101] like Figure 5 As shown, the three-phase separator 32 comprises a three-phase separator outer cylinder shell 321 with an opening facing downward, and a plurality of flow guiding return ring shells 322 and flow guiding gas collecting cone shells 323 are fixed in the three-phase separator outer cylinder shell 321;

[0102] The flow guiding and returning ring shell 322 is a conical ring structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and the flow guiding and gas collecting cone shell 323 is a conical shell with the tip facing upwards;

[0103] A plurality of flow guiding return ring shells 322 and flow guiding gas collecting cone shells 323 are arranged in an interlaced manner from bottom to top in the outer cylinder shell 321 of the three-phase separator;

[0104] The lower edge of the guide return ring shell 322 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell 321 of the three-phase separator. A gap is formed between the lower edge of the guide gas collecting cone shell 323 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell 321 of the three-phase separator to form a return liquid phase rising channel 3230. The top of the guide gas collecting cone shell 323 is fixed with a gas collecting outer discharge pipe 3231 connected to the inside thereof.

[0105] The lower edge of the flow guide return ring shell 322 is provided with a plurality of vertically penetrating solid phase falling grooves 3220;

[0106] A plurality of liquid phase discharge pipes 324 connected to the interior of the three-phase separator outer shell 321 and extending vertically are fixed on the top of the three-phase separator outer shell 321;

[0107] A gas collecting manifold 325 is fixed on the top of the three-phase separator outer cylinder shell 321, and each gas collecting outer exhaust pipe 3231 is connected to the gas collecting manifold 325;

[0108] like Figure 6 As shown, multiple micro-vortex guide vanes 3221 are fixed to the inner and outer walls of the guide return ring shell 322, and the micro-vortex guide vanes 3221 are arranged to extend spirally around the vertical axis of the guide return ring shell 322;

[0109] like Figure 1As shown, the reflux mechanism 40 includes a plurality of reflux initial external discharge pipes 41 connected to the interior of the reactor main tank body 10, a plurality of reflux mixing input pipes 42 connected to the interior of the water distribution and collection input ring shell 21 are fixed on the top, and the plurality of reflux initial external discharge pipes 41 and the plurality of reflux mixing input pipes 42 are connected one by one through a plurality of reflux delivery pumps 43.

[0110] Embodiment 2:

[0111] This embodiment describes an operation method of an expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on a composite functional material. According to the expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on a composite functional material in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the method comprises the following steps:

[0112] S1. Wastewater treatment:

[0113] The wastewater to be treated is input into the reactor main tank 10 through the input water distribution mechanism 20, and the reactor main tank 10 contains composite granular sludge;

[0114] The composite granular sludge was inoculated with anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (anammox bacteria), and the inoculation amount of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria was 25gVSS / L, and the wastewater was subjected to an anaerobic reaction at 23°C for 30 hours;

[0115] Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria include commercially available Broca's anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria, Kurthia stuttgartii, Propionic acid anaerobic ammonium oxidizing cocci, and Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing microbes of Moscow;

[0116] The wastewater to be treated is input into the water distribution and aggregation input ring shell 21 through each water distribution input single pipe 211 by using a delivery pump, and the wastewater in the water distribution and aggregation input ring shell 21 then passes through each water distribution input slot 210 and enters the interior of the reactor main tank 10;

[0117] When the wastewater passes through the water distribution input slots 210, the water distribution input guide pipe 22 is used to guide the flow direction of the wastewater so that the flow direction of the wastewater forms a certain angle with the radial direction of the reactor main tank body 10, that is, the wastewater can generate a swirl around the axis of the reactor main tank body 10 after flowing into the reactor main tank body 10;

[0118] The deflection adjustment mechanism 23 can be used to adjust the direction of the water distribution input guide pipe 22. The deflection adjustment support shaft 231 is driven by a servo motor of the prior art fixed on the deflection adjustment support seat 232 to rotate around the vertical axis through gear transmission. The deflection adjustment support shaft 231 then drives the water distribution input guide pipe 22 to rotate together, thereby adjusting the direction of the water distribution input guide pipe 22.

[0119] S2, three-phase separation:

[0120] The wastewater flows from bottom to top in the reactor main tank 10, and the three-phase separator 32 simply separates the reactor main tank 10 into the upper section of the main tank and the lower section of the main tank. The wastewater is subjected to three-phase separation treatment by using multiple three-phase separators 32;

[0121] The wastewater flows from bottom to top through the outer cylinder shell 321 of the three-phase separator, and when it flows through the guide return ring shell 322, the wastewater is forced to converge toward the center, which is conducive to the fusion of bubbles in the wastewater. The gas phase in the wastewater rises under the action of buoyancy and gathers at the top of the guide gas collecting cone shell 323. The gas phase is discharged through the gas collecting outer discharge pipe 3231 and collected in the gas collecting main pipe 325.

[0122] Under the blocking effect of the guide gas collecting cone shell 323, the liquid phase in the wastewater is turned back through the gap between the top of the guide return ring shell 322 and the bottom of the guide gas collecting cone shell 323 and then flows to the return liquid phase ascending channel 3230, and the liquid phase in the wastewater continues to flow from bottom to top through the return liquid phase ascending channel 3230;

[0123] The solid phase in the wastewater falls down along the outer wall of the guide return ring shell 322 under the action of gravity, and finally passes through each solid phase falling groove 3220 and falls back to the bottom of the reactor main tank body 10;

[0124] Finally, the liquid phase that rises to the top of the outer cylinder shell 321 of the three-phase separator can be discharged through each liquid phase external discharge pipe 324;

[0125] Under the separation effect of multiple flow guide return ring shells 322 and flow guide gas collection cone shells 323, the wastewater in the lower section of the main tank body is separated into three phases: gas, liquid and solid. The gas phase is discharged through the gas collection manifold 325 for collection, the solid phase falls back to the bottom of the reactor main tank body 10, and the liquid phase is discharged into the upper section of the main tank body through each liquid phase external discharge pipe 324;

[0126] S3, reflux processing:

[0127] The wastewater in the upper section of the main tank is refluxed through the reflux mechanism 40;

[0128] The wastewater in the upper section of the main tank body is discharged through each reflux initial external discharge pipe 41, and under the conveying action of the reflux conveying pump 43, the wastewater is then input into the water distribution and summarizing input ring shell 21 through each reflux mixing input pipe 42, and then the wastewater passes through each water distribution input slot 210 and enters the interior of the reactor main tank body 10 for reflux treatment;

[0129] The reflux ratio is 2.5;

[0130] S4, separation and discharge

[0131] The treated wastewater in the upper section of the main tank body then flows from bottom to top through the cyclone gas-liquid separator 11, and the gas phase in the wastewater is further separated by the cyclone gas-liquid separator 11. The gas phase separated from the gas phase output end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator 11 is collected by the biogas collection device 12, and the liquid phase separated from the liquid phase output end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator 11 can be discharged through the reactor main drain pipe 13.

[0132] Embodiment 3:

[0133] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 1 As shown, a temperature control mechanism 50 is provided in the reactor main tank 10. Figure 8 As shown, the temperature control mechanism 50 includes a temperature control adjustment support ring 51 fixed in the reactor main tank 10 and extending vertically, the side wall of the temperature control adjustment support ring 51 is a hollow structure, and a temperature control channel partition 511 spirally extending around the axis of the temperature control adjustment support ring 51 is fixed inside the side wall of the temperature control adjustment support ring 51, and the temperature control channel partition 511 divides the inside of the side wall of the temperature control adjustment support ring 51 into a temperature control flow channel 510 spirally extending around the axis of the temperature control adjustment support ring 51;

[0134] A temperature control heat exchange input pipe 512 and a temperature control heat exchange output pipe 513 are fixed to the outside of the temperature control adjustment support ring 51 and are respectively connected to the two ends of the temperature control circulation channel 510;

[0135] A plurality of thermometers 501 are arranged on the side wall of the reactor main tank 10 in the vertical direction;

[0136] Thermometer 501 is a commercially available thermometer in the prior art.

[0137] like Figure 8 As shown, the inner and outer walls of the temperature control and adjustment support ring 51 are both fixed with a plurality of vertically extending temperature control and heat conducting fins 52;

[0138] like Fig. 9 As shown, the top of the temperature control support ring 51 is rotatably connected to a circulation auxiliary driving ring 53 arranged coaxially therewith, and a plurality of circulation auxiliary driving blades 530 are fixed on the inner and outer sides of the circulation auxiliary driving ring 53;

[0139] An auxiliary flow driving support ring 531 coaxially arranged therewith is fixed on the outer side of the temperature control and adjustment support ring 51 near the top, an auxiliary flow driving rotating ring 532 is rotatably connected to the auxiliary flow driving support ring 531, and the auxiliary flow driving rotating ring 532 is fixedly connected to the circulation auxiliary driving ring 53;

[0140] The auxiliary flow driving rotating ring 532 is driven by a motor fixed on the outer side wall of the temperature control and adjustment support ring 51 through a gear ring transmission to rotate around the vertical axis of the temperature control and adjustment support ring 51 .

[0141] Embodiment 4:

[0142] This embodiment describes an operation method of an expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on a composite functional material. The expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on a composite functional material according to the above-mentioned embodiment 3 is different from that of embodiment 2 in that, during the wastewater treatment process in step S1, the temperature of the wastewater in the reactor main tank 10 is adjusted by a temperature control mechanism 50 according to the monitoring data of a thermometer 501;

[0143] The water at a specific temperature is input into the temperature control support ring 51 through the temperature control heat exchange input pipe 512 by using a delivery pump. The water at the specific temperature flows along the temperature control flow channel 510 in the temperature control support ring 51 and exchanges heat with the temperature control support ring 51. Then, the temperature control support ring 51 is brought into contact with the wastewater for heat exchange, thereby achieving the purpose of temperature regulation of the wastewater.

[0144] After the heat exchange, the water at the specific temperature is discharged from the temperature control heat exchange output pipe 513, and the water at the specific temperature is circulated to the temperature control support ring 51;

[0145] The water temperature of the specific temperature is controlled at 25°C, which is the suitable temperature for anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria;

[0146] To cool down the wastewater in the reactor main tank 10, water with a relatively low temperature is transported into the temperature control support ring 51. To heat up the wastewater in the reactor main tank 10, water with a relatively high temperature is transported into the temperature control support ring 51.

[0147] At the same time, the auxiliary flow driving rotating ring 532 is driven by a motor fixed on the outer wall of the temperature control and adjustment support ring 51 through a gear ring transmission to rotate around the vertical axis of the temperature control and adjustment support ring 51. The auxiliary flow driving rotating ring 532 drives the circulation auxiliary driving ring 53 together with the plurality of circulation auxiliary driving blades 530 to rotate, driving the wastewater to circulate along the axial direction of the temperature control and adjustment support ring 51, so that the wastewater can more fully contact the temperature control and adjustment support ring 51 for heat exchange;

[0148] Embodiment 5:

[0149] On the basis of Example 3, the outer wall of the reactor main tank 10 has a plurality of reflux initial pipe connection holes 410 communicating with each other, and a plurality of reflux initial outer pipes 41 are sealed and slidably connected in each reflux initial pipe connection hole 410 in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0150] The axis of the reflux initial pipe connection hole 410 forms an angle of 30° with the vertical axis of the reactor main tank 10;

[0151] like Figure 7As shown, a plurality of reflux pipe driving fixed cylinders 441 with openings obliquely upward are fixed on the outside of the reactor main tank 10, a reflux pipe driving sliding cylinder 442 with openings obliquely downward is slidably connected to the outside of the reflux pipe driving fixed cylinder 441, a plurality of reflux initial outer discharge pipes 41 are fixedly connected to each reflux pipe driving sliding cylinder 442 in a one-to-one correspondence, and a reflux pipe driving telescopic rod 443 for driving the reflux pipe driving sliding cylinder 442 to move is arranged inside the reflux pipe driving fixed cylinder 441;

[0152] The axis of the reflux pipe driving fixed cylinder 441 and the vertical axis of the reactor main tank 10 form an angle of 30°;

[0153] The return pipe driving telescopic rod 443 is an electric control telescopic rod driven by a servo motor in the prior art. The outer rod end of the return pipe driving telescopic rod 443 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the return pipe driving fixed cylinder 441, and the inner rod end of the return pipe driving telescopic rod 443 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the return pipe driving sliding cylinder 442.

[0154] The reflux initial external discharge pipe 41 is connected to the input end of the reflux delivery pump 43 , and the reflux mixing input pipe 42 is connected to the output end of the reflux delivery pump 43 .

[0155] Embodiment 6:

[0156] The present embodiment records the operation method of an expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials. The expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials according to the above-mentioned embodiment 5 is different from embodiment 4 in that, during the reflux treatment process in step S3, the reflux pipe driving telescopic rod 443 is used to drive the reflux pipe driving sliding cylinder 442 together with the reflux initial external discharge pipe 41 to move along the axis of the reflux pipe driving fixed cylinder 441, so as to adjust the specific position of the reflux initial external discharge pipe 41 at one end in the reactor main tank body 10, thereby adjusting the reflux water quality to achieve different wastewater treatment effects.

[0157] Embodiment 7:

[0158] On the basis of Example 5, Figure 1 As shown, the reactor main tank 10 is provided with a segmented sampling mechanism 60, such as Fig.10 As shown, the segmented sampling mechanism 60 includes a sampling connecting pipe 61 fixed to the outer wall of the reactor main tank body 10 and connected to the interior thereof, the sampling connecting pipe 61 is provided with a sampling connecting control valve 610, a sampling distribution cylinder 62 coaxially connected to the outer end of the sampling connecting pipe 61 is fixed, a sampling partition piston 63 is slidably connected in the sampling distribution cylinder 62, and the sampling partition piston 63 divides the interior of the sampling distribution cylinder 62 into a sample temporary storage chamber 621 and an air pressure buffer chamber 622;

[0159] The sample temporary storage chamber 621 is connected to the sampling connecting pipe 61. A sampling external discharge pipe 64 connected to the sample temporary storage chamber 621 is fixed on the outside of the sampling distribution cylinder 62. The sampling external discharge pipe 64 is provided with a sampling external discharge control valve 640.

[0160] A manual push rod 65 is fixed to one end of the sampling separation piston 63 in the air pressure buffer chamber 622 . The manual push rod 65 is sealingly and slidably connected to the outer end of the sampling distribution cylinder 62 and extends to the outside of the sampling distribution cylinder 62 .

[0161] Embodiment 8:

[0162] This embodiment describes an operation method of an expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on a composite functional material. The expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on a composite functional material according to the above-mentioned embodiment 7 is different from that of embodiment 6 in that, during the reflux treatment process in step S3, a segmented sampling mechanism 60 is used to sample and detect the wastewater being treated;

[0163] The air pressure in the air pressure buffer chamber 622 is a standard atmospheric pressure. When sampling, the sampling communication control valve 610 is first opened to connect the interior of the reactor main tank 10 with the sample temporary storage chamber 621. The wastewater enters the sample temporary storage chamber 621 through the sampling communication pipe 61 under the action of water pressure, and the wastewater pushes the sampling separation piston 63 under the action of water pressure to compress the air pressure buffer chamber 622 until the pressure on both sides of the sampling separation piston 63 is rebalanced.

[0164] At this time, the air pressure in the air pressure buffer chamber 622 should be one standard atmospheric pressure plus the water pressure therein;

[0165] Then, the sampling connection control valve 610 is closed, and the sampling external discharge control valve 640 is opened. Since the air pressure buffer chamber 622 has been compressed before, the internal air pressure thereof is greater than the external atmospheric pressure. Under the push of the internal air pressure of the air pressure buffer chamber 622, the sampling separation piston 63 compresses the sample temporary storage chamber 621 at this time, so that the wastewater sample entering the sample temporary storage chamber 621 is discharged through the sampling external discharge pipe 64, and the wastewater sample is collected and tested to know the wastewater treatment effect;

[0166] If the sampling separation piston 63 encounters a large resistance when moving, it is convenient to use the manual push rod 65 to push the sampling separation piston 63;

[0167] Embodiment 9:

[0168] On the basis of Example 7, Fig.11As shown, a stirring mechanism 70 is provided at the bottom of the reactor main tank 10, and a vertically extending stirring mechanism receiving hole 701 is provided at the top of the water distribution input guide cone 24. The stirring mechanism 70 includes a stirring drive support shell 71 slidably connected in the stirring mechanism receiving hole 701, and a stirring support column 72 is rotatably connected to the top of the stirring drive support shell 71. Fig.12 As shown, the outer side wall of the stirring support column 72 has a plurality of vertically extending stirring blade hidden grooves 720, and the stirring blade hidden grooves 720 are connected with stirring driving blades 73;

[0169] like Fig.13 As shown, a blade connection seat 721 is fixed to the bottom of the mixing blade hidden groove 720, a blade connection shaft 722 is rotatably connected to the blade connection seat 721, and the lower end of the mixing drive blade 73 is fixedly connected to the blade connection shaft 722;

[0170] The rotating shaft at the lower end of the stirring support column 72 extends to the inside of the stirring drive support shell 71. A stirring drive motor 711 for driving the stirring support column 72 to rotate is fixed in the stirring drive support shell 71. The output shaft of the stirring drive motor 711 is connected to the rotating shaft at the lower end of the stirring support column 72 through a planetary reducer in the prior art.

[0171] A stirring mechanism extending drive rod 710 for driving the stirring drive support shell 71 to rise and fall is provided at the inner bottom of the stirring mechanism accommodating hole 701. The stirring mechanism extending drive rod 710 is an electrically controlled telescopic rod driven by a servo motor in the prior art. The outer rod end of the stirring mechanism extending drive rod 710 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the stirring mechanism accommodating hole 701, and the inner rod end of the stirring mechanism extending drive rod 710 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the stirring drive support shell 71.

[0172] Embodiment 10:

[0173] This embodiment describes an operation method of an expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on a composite functional material. The expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on a composite functional material according to the above-mentioned embodiment 9 is different from that of embodiment 8 in that, during the wastewater treatment process in step S1, a stirring mechanism 70 is used to stir the wastewater being treated at a low speed so that the wastewater is fully in contact with the composite granular sludge.

[0174] In the initial state, the entire stirring support column 72 is retracted and accommodated in the stirring mechanism accommodation hole 701. When in use, the inner rod of the stirring mechanism extension drive rod 710 extends to drive the stirring drive support cylinder shell 71 and the stirring support column 72 to move upward together, so that the stirring blade hidden groove 720 just completely extends out of the stirring mechanism accommodation hole 701.

[0175] The output shaft of the stirring drive motor 711 is connected to the rotating shaft at the lower end of the stirring support column 72 through a planetary reducer in the prior art, and the stirring drive motor 711 drives the stirring support column 72 to rotate. Under the centrifugal effect, the stirring drive blades 73 can rotate around the blade connecting shaft 722, so that the multiple stirring drive blades 73 are spread out along the radial direction of the stirring support column 72, and the multiple stirring drive blades 73 are used to stir the wastewater.

[0176] After the stirring work is completed, the stirring drive motor 711 stops, and the inner rod of the extended driving rod 710 of the stirring mechanism retracts to drive the stirring drive support shell 71 together with the stirring support column 72 to move downward. Due to the blocking effect of the upper edge of the stirring mechanism accommodating hole 701, the stirring drive blade 73 is forced to rotate around the blade connecting shaft 722 and retract into the stirring blade hidden groove 720, and finally the stirring support column 72 is retracted and accommodated in the stirring mechanism accommodating hole 701.

[0177] Embodiment 11:

[0178] The difference from Example 10 is that the inoculation amount of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria on the composite granular sludge in step S1 is 30 gVSS / L, and the wastewater is subjected to an anaerobic reaction at 25° C. for 24 hours.

[0179] Embodiment 12:

[0180] The difference from Example 10 is that the inoculation amount of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria on the composite granular sludge in step S1 is 35 gVSS / L, and the wastewater is subjected to an anaerobic reaction at 27° C. for 18 hours.

[0181] The composite granular sludge used in the operation method of the expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials is prepared by the following method:

[0182] 1. Reactor setup and inoculation:

[0183] An expanded granular sludge blanket (EGSB) reactor with an effective volume of 5 L was prepared, inoculated with anammox biomass, the reflow ratio was set to 2.5, and continuous experiments were performed at 25 ± 1 °C;

[0184] 2. Synthetic wastewater configuration:

[0185] Prepare synthetic wastewater containing (NH4)2SO4 1.34g / L (NH4 + -N=284mg / L), NaNO21.68g / L(NO2 - -N=341mg / L), KH2PO40.057g / L, CaCl2·2H2O0.3g / L, NaHCO30.5g / L trace elements;

[0186] 3. Operating condition control:

[0187] At a nitrogen loading rate (NLR) of 10 kgN / m 3 The reactor was operated under the condition of 100 μg / cm2 for 60 days, during which the total nitrogen removal efficiency was maintained at 89 ± 2% and the total phosphorus removal efficiency was maintained at 64 ± 8%.

[0188] 4. Particle sampling and screening:

[0189] Granular sludge was taken out from the reactor on the 60th, 150th and 240th days of operation and wet-screened using different sieves to classify the particles into six groups: <0.25 mm, 0.25-0.5 mm, 0.5-1 mm, 1-2 mm, 2-2.8 mm and >2.8 mm;

[0190] 5. Particle characteristics analysis and regulation:

[0191] The sieved particles were subjected to various property analyses and morphological observations. After being treated with 2.5% glutaraldehyde for 8 h, the biofilm was removed by dehydration with gradient ethanol or heating to 600°C, and the particle microstructure was observed.

[0192] Sludge characteristics determination, including volume and mass distribution, VSS, SS, SVI, settling velocity, water content, elemental analysis, EPS extraction and measurement;

[0193] Performance evaluation: The nitrogen and phosphorus removal capacity of particles of different sizes, such as specific anaerobic ammonia oxidation activity (SAA) and specific phosphorus removal rate (SPRR), was determined through batch experiments. Based on the analysis results, the parameters in the preparation process, such as the addition of Ca and P, hydraulic retention time (HRT), and shear force, can be further adjusted to optimize the performance of the particles.

[0194] The specific preparation method of the new composite material used in the above composite granular sludge:

[0195] 1. Pretreatment of functional materials:

[0196] Select activated carbon, bentonite and zeolite functional materials, wash, dry, crush and sieve them respectively to ensure the uniformity and surface activity of the materials;

[0197] 2. Preparation of composite materials:

[0198] The pretreated functional material is mixed with anaerobic ammonium oxidation-hydroxyapatite coupling particles in a mass ratio of 1:1, and fixed by an embedding method to form a new composite material;

[0199] 3. Performance testing and optimization:

[0200] The nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency of the new composite material was tested, and the operating parameters of the EGSB reactor were adjusted, such as increasing the flow rate, controlling the temperature at 25±1℃, and adjusting the pH value between 7.0 and 7.5, to better exert the performance of the composite material;

[0201] 4. Effect evaluation:

[0202] During the 60-day continuous operation experiment, the total nitrogen removal efficiency of wastewater treated with the new composite material reached 96±2%, and the total phosphorus removal efficiency reached 83±8%, which was 30% higher than the control group without the addition of composite materials.

Claims

1. An expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reactor main tank body (10), wherein a water input distribution mechanism (20) is provided at the bottom of the reactor main tank body (10), a three-phase separation mechanism (30) is provided inside the reactor main tank body (10), and a reflux mechanism (40) is provided on the reactor main tank body (10); The water input distribution mechanism (20) comprises a hollow annular water distribution and aggregation input ring shell (21) fixed to the lower end of the outer side of the reactor main tank body (10); a plurality of water distribution input through grooves (210) connected to the water distribution and aggregation input ring shell (21) are provided on the side wall of the reactor main tank body (10); a water distribution input guide pipe (22) is provided in the water distribution input through groove (210); A cyclone gas-liquid separator (11) connected to the reactor main tank (10) is fixed on the top thereof, a gas phase output end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator (11) is connected to a biogas collection device (12), and a liquid phase output end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator (11) is connected to a reactor main drain pipe (13); The three-phase separation mechanism (30) comprises a three-phase separation support body (31) fixed in the reactor main tank body (10), the three-phase separation support body (31) having a plurality of vertically penetrating three-phase separation accommodating holes (310), and a three-phase separator (32) is fixed in the three-phase separation accommodating hole (310); The three-phase separator (32) comprises a three-phase separator outer cylindrical shell (321) with an opening facing downward, and a plurality of flow-guiding return ring shells (322) and flow-guiding gas-collecting cone shells (323) are fixed inside the three-phase separator outer cylindrical shell (321); The lower edge of the flow-guiding and folding ring shell (322) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell (321) of the three-phase separator, and a gap is provided between the lower edge of the flow-guiding and gas-collecting cone shell (323) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell (321) of the three-phase separator to form a folding liquid phase ascending channel (3230), and a gas-collecting outer discharge pipe (3231) connected to the interior of the flow-guiding and gas-collecting cone shell (323) is fixed to the top of the flow-guiding and gas-collecting cone shell (323); The lower edge of the flow-guiding return ring shell (322) is provided with a plurality of vertically penetrating solid-phase falling grooves (3220); A plurality of liquid phase external discharge pipes (324) connected to the interior of the three-phase separator and extending vertically are fixed on the top of the outer cylindrical shell (321); A gas collecting main pipe (325) is fixed on the top of the three-phase separator outer cylinder shell (321), and each of the gas collecting external discharge pipes (3231) is connected to the gas collecting main pipe (325).

2. The expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution input guide pipe (22) is connected to the side wall of the reactor main tank body (10) through a guide deflection adjustment mechanism (23). The guide deflection adjustment mechanism (23) includes a deflection adjustment support shaft (231) fixed on the upper and lower sides of the water distribution input guide pipe (22) and coaxially arranged to extend vertically. A deflection adjustment support seat (232) is fixed on the outer side wall of the reactor main tank body (10) inside the water distribution input ring shell (21). A deflection adjustment support seat (232) is fixed on the upper and lower sides of each water distribution input slot (210). The deflection adjustment support seat (232) has a vertically extending deflection adjustment shaft connecting hole (2320), and the deflection adjustment support shaft (231) is rotatably connected in the deflection adjustment shaft connecting hole (2320).

3. The expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water distribution input guide cone (24) is fixed to the inner bottom of the reactor main tank (10); the outer side surface of the water distribution input guide cone (24) is a concave cone structure; and a plurality of water distribution input guide plates (241) are fixed to the outer side surface of the water distribution input guide cone (24); The water distribution input guide plate (241) is divided into a spiral guide section (2411) and a vertical guide section (2412); the spiral guide section (2411) is arranged to extend in a spiral around the vertical axis of the water distribution input guide cone (24); and the vertical guide section (2412) is arranged to extend along a vertical plane.

4. The expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner and outer walls of the flow guide return ring shell (322) are both fixed with a plurality of micro-vortex flow guide vanes (3221), and the micro-vortex flow guide vanes (3221) are arranged to extend spirally around the vertical axis of the flow guide return ring shell (322).

5. The expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflux mechanism (40) comprises a plurality of reflux initial external discharge pipes (41) connected to the interior of the reactor main tank (10), a plurality of reflux mixing input pipes (42) connected to the interior of the water distribution and collection input ring shell (21) are fixed on the top, and the plurality of reflux initial external discharge pipes (41) and the plurality of reflux mixing input pipes (42) are connected one by one via a plurality of reflux delivery pumps (43); The outer side wall of the reactor main tank (10) has a plurality of reflux initial pipe connection holes (410) communicating with each other, and a plurality of reflux initial outer pipes (41) are sealed and slidably connected in each of the reflux initial pipe connection holes (410) in a one-to-one correspondence; A plurality of reflux pipe drive fixed cylinders (441) with openings obliquely upward are fixed on the outside of the reactor main tank (10); a reflux pipe drive sliding cylinder (442) with openings obliquely downward is slidably connected to the outside of the reflux pipe drive fixed cylinder (441); a plurality of reflux initial outer discharge pipes (41) are fixedly connected to each reflux pipe drive sliding cylinder (442) in a one-to-one correspondence; a reflux pipe drive telescopic rod (443) for driving the reflux pipe drive sliding cylinder (442) to move is arranged inside the reflux pipe drive fixed cylinder (441); The reflux initial external discharge pipe (41) is connected to the input end of the reflux delivery pump (43), and the reflux mixing input pipe (42) is connected to the output end of the reflux delivery pump (43).

6. The expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature control mechanism (50) is provided in the reactor main tank (10), and the temperature control mechanism (50) comprises a temperature control adjustment support ring (51) fixed in the reactor main tank (10) and extending vertically, the interior of the side wall of the temperature control adjustment support ring (51) is a hollow structure, and a temperature control channel partition (511) spirally extending around the axis of the temperature control adjustment support ring (51) is fixed inside the side wall of the temperature control adjustment support ring (51), and the temperature control channel partition (511) divides the interior of the side wall of the temperature control adjustment support ring (51) into a temperature control circulation channel (510) spirally extending around the axis of the temperature control adjustment support ring (51); A temperature control heat exchange input pipe (512) and a temperature control heat exchange output pipe (513) respectively connected to two ends of the temperature control circulation channel (510) are fixed on the outside of the temperature control adjustment support ring (51); A plurality of thermometers (501) are arranged in the vertical direction on the side wall of the reactor main tank (10).

7. The expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner and outer walls of the temperature control and adjustment support ring (51) are both fixed with a plurality of vertically extending temperature control and heat conducting fins (52); The top of the temperature control support ring (51) is rotatably connected to a circulation auxiliary drive ring (53) coaxially arranged therewith, and a plurality of circulation auxiliary drive blades (530) are fixed on the inner and outer sides of the circulation auxiliary drive ring (53); An auxiliary flow driving support ring (531) coaxially arranged therewith is fixed on the outer side of the temperature control and adjustment support ring (51) near the top, an auxiliary flow driving support ring (531) is rotatably connected to an auxiliary flow driving rotating ring (532), and the auxiliary flow driving rotating ring (532) is fixedly connected to the circulation auxiliary driving ring (53).

8. The expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor main tank body (10) is provided with a segmented sampling mechanism (60), the segmented sampling mechanism (60) comprising a sampling communication pipe (61) fixed to the outer wall of the reactor main tank body (10) and connected to the interior thereof, the sampling communication pipe (61) having a sampling communication control valve (610), a sampling distribution cylinder (62) coaxially connected thereto fixed to the outer end of the sampling communication pipe (61), a sampling partition piston (63) slidably connected inside the sampling distribution cylinder (62), the sampling partition piston (63) partitioning the interior of the sampling distribution cylinder (62) into a sample temporary storage chamber (621) and a gas pressure buffer chamber (622); The sample temporary storage chamber (621) is connected to the sampling connecting pipe (61), and a sampling external discharge pipe (64) connected to the sample temporary storage chamber (621) is fixed on the outside of the sampling distribution cylinder (62), and the sampling external discharge pipe (64) is provided with a sampling external discharge control valve (640); A manual push rod (65) is fixed to one end of the sampling separation piston (63) in the air pressure buffer chamber (622), and the manual push rod (65) is sealingly slidably connected to the outer end of the sampling distribution cylinder (62) and extends to the outside of the sampling distribution cylinder (62).

9. The expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the reactor main tank (10) is provided with a stirring mechanism (70), the top of the water distribution input guide cone (24) is provided with a vertically extending stirring mechanism accommodating hole (701), the stirring mechanism (70) comprises a stirring drive support shell (71) slidably connected to the stirring mechanism accommodating hole (701), the top of the stirring drive support shell (71) is rotatably connected to a stirring support column (72), the outer side wall of the stirring support column (72) is provided with a plurality of vertically extending stirring blade hidden grooves (720), and stirring drive blades (73) are connected to the stirring blade hidden grooves (720); A blade connection seat (721) is fixed at the bottom of the mixing blade hidden groove (720), a blade connection shaft (722) is rotatably connected to the blade connection seat (721), and the lower end of the mixing drive blade (73) is fixedly connected to the blade connection shaft (722); The rotating shaft at the lower end of the stirring support column (72) extends into the interior of the stirring drive support shell (71), and a stirring drive motor (711) for driving the stirring support column (72) to rotate is fixed in the stirring drive support shell (71); The inner bottom of the stirring mechanism accommodating hole (701) is provided with a stirring mechanism extending driving rod (710) for driving the stirring driving supporting shell (71) to move up and down.

10. An operating method of an expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials, based on the expanded granular sludge bed reactor based on composite functional materials according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Wastewater treatment: The wastewater to be treated is input into the interior of the reactor main tank (10) through the input water distribution mechanism (20), and the interior of the reactor main tank (10) contains composite granular sludge; The composite granular sludge is inoculated with anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (anammox bacteria), the inoculation amount of the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is 25-35 gVSS / L, and the wastewater is subjected to an anaerobic reaction at 23-27°C for 18-30 hours; The wastewater to be treated is input into the water distribution and collection input ring shell (21) by using a delivery pump, and the wastewater in the water distribution and collection input ring shell (21) then passes through each water distribution input through groove (210) and enters the interior of the reactor main tank body (10); When the wastewater passes through each water distribution input slot (210), the water distribution input guide pipe (22) is used to guide the flow direction of the wastewater so that the flow direction of the wastewater forms a certain angle with the radial direction of the reactor main tank body (10), that is, the wastewater can generate a swirling flow around the axis of the reactor main tank body (10) after flowing into the reactor main tank body (10); S2, three-phase separation: The wastewater flows from bottom to top in the reactor main tank (10), and the three-phase separator (32) simply separates the reactor main tank (10) into an upper section of the main tank and a lower section of the main tank. The wastewater is subjected to three-phase separation treatment using a plurality of three-phase separators (32); The wastewater flows from bottom to top through the outer cylindrical shell (321) of the three-phase separator, and when it flows through the diversion return ring shell (322), the wastewater is forced to converge toward the center, which is conducive to the fusion of bubbles in the wastewater. The gas phase in the wastewater rises under the action of buoyancy and gathers at the top of the diversion gas collecting cone shell (323). The gas phase is discharged through the gas collecting outer discharge pipe (3231) and collected in the gas collecting main pipe (325); Under the blocking effect of the guide gas collecting cone shell (323), the liquid phase in the wastewater is turned back through the gap between the top of the guide turn-back ring shell (322) and the bottom of the guide gas collecting cone shell (323) and then flows to the turn-back liquid phase ascending channel (3230), and the liquid phase in the wastewater continues to flow from bottom to top through the turn-back liquid phase ascending channel (3230); The solid phase in the wastewater falls down along the outer wall of the diversion return ring shell (322) under the action of gravity, and finally passes through each solid phase falling groove (3220) and falls back to the bottom of the reactor main tank (10); Finally, the liquid phase that rises to the top of the outer cylinder shell (321) of the three-phase separator is discharged through each liquid phase external discharge pipe (324); Under the separation action of multiple flow-guiding return ring shells (322) and flow-guiding gas-collecting cone shells (323), the wastewater in the lower section of the main tank body is separated into three phases: gas, liquid and solid. The gas phase is discharged through the gas-collecting main pipe (325) for collection, the solid phase falls back to the bottom of the reactor main tank body (10), and the liquid phase is discharged through each liquid phase external discharge pipe (324) into the upper section of the main tank body; S3, reflux processing: The waste water in the upper section of the main tank body is refluxed through a reflux mechanism (40); The reflux ratio is 2.5; S4, separation and discharge The wastewater treated in the upper section of the main tank body then flows from bottom to top through the cyclone gas-liquid separator (11), and the gas phase in the wastewater is further separated by the cyclone gas-liquid separator (11). The gas phase separated from the gas phase output end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator (11) is collected by the biogas collection device (12), and the liquid phase separated from the liquid phase output end of the cyclone gas-liquid separator (11) is discharged through the reactor main drain pipe (13).

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