Anti-lock device for motor

Abstract

The anti-lock device comprises a bearing, an optical fiber sensor, a release sleeve, an input shaft and a control system, the optical fiber sensor is wound at the outer end of the bearing, radial force, temperature and vibration parameters of the bearing are monitored in real time through multiple groups of Bragg gratings, and the release sleeve is matched with an outer spline of the input shaft through an inner spline groove. A closed cavity between the electromagnet and the magnetic lock is filled with magnetic fluid, torque is transmitted under the action of a permanent magnetic field, when abnormity is detected, the control system controls the electromagnet to generate a reverse magnetic field to offset the permanent magnetic field, the magnetic fluid is invalid, stable separation is achieved, and meanwhile the magnetic lock pushes the locking pin to be meshed with the locking gear ring under the action of electromagnetic force to lock the load shaft. The system is suitable for overload protection of small and medium power motors, is especially suitable for precision equipment, and has the characteristics of comprehensive monitoring, stable separation, intelligence, reliability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an anti-lock braking device for a motor, and in particular to an anti-lock braking device for a motor applied in the technical field of motor protection. Background Art

[0002] As one of the important power equipment in the industrial field, electric motors are widely used in small and medium-power scenarios with high requirements for operating stability, such as small automation equipment, precision instruments, medical equipment, and laboratory equipment. The motor power in such scenarios is generally from several hundred watts to several kilowatts, which has high requirements for transmission stability and reliability, and requires precise protection and control. In actual operation, due to abnormal conditions such as sudden load changes, jamming or stalling, the motor can easily overload and cause serious faults such as stator coil overheating and burning, bearing damage, etc., which not only brings equipment maintenance costs, but also affects the operation of the entire system.

[0003] The specification of Chinese invention patent CN102545477A discloses a motor overload protection device, which solves the problem of high cost caused by high processing technology requirements of overload protection devices in the prior art. However, the monitoring mechanism is backward and overload protection is achieved through mechanical separation. The separation process will produce impact and vibration. At the same time, mechanical contact will cause wear of parts and reduce service life.

[0004] The specification of Chinese invention patent CN115800199A discloses a hollow shaft motor overload protection device. The present invention utilizes the hollow shaft motor to drive the gear box connecting plate to overcome the preload force of the preload spring, thereby triggering the travel switch, causing the hollow shaft motor and the travel switch to rotate counterclockwise, thereby achieving the purpose of overload protection of the hollow shaft motor and other components. The device has a simple structure and reliable protection. Although the invention solves the problem of overload protection, the protection mechanism is primitive and cannot accurately sense the actual operating status of the equipment. There is a risk of false alarms and missed alarms, and the response is delayed. It is necessary to wait for the load force to overcome the preload spring force before triggering the protection mechanism. This passive response method may cause the equipment to be damaged before protection begins.

[0005] To this end, we have adopted this technical solution to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, such as delayed overload protection response, easy impact damage during the protection process, lack of intelligent early warning function, and difficulty in maintenance and debugging. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an anti-lock braking device for small and medium-power motors with intelligent monitoring and early warning functions, fast response, smooth separation process without impact, convenient maintenance, and reliable protection.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an anti-lock device for a motor, comprising a bearing, an optical fiber sensor is wound around the outer end of the bearing, the optical fiber sensor comprises a protective sleeve wound around the outer end of the bearing, a cladding is fixed to the inner end of the protective sleeve, an optical fiber core is fixedly connected to the inner end of the cladding, a plurality of groups of measuring points are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer end of the bearing, three Bragg gratings with different central wavelengths are written at each group of measuring points, the optical fiber sensor is optically connected to a grating demodulator, the grating demodulator is electrically connected to a control system, a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate are clamped at two ends of the bearing that are far away from each other, and the optical fiber core is provided with a plurality of groups of measuring points evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer end of the bearing, and ... a plurality of groups of measuring points are uniformly arranged at the inner end of the cladding, and a plurality of groups of measuring points are uniformly arranged at the inner end of the cladding, and a plurality of groups of measuring points are uniformly arranged at the inner end of the cladding, and a plurality of groups of measuring points are uniformly arranged at the inner end of the cladding, and a plurality of groups of measuring points are uniformly arranged at the inner end of the cladding, and a plurality of groups of measuring points are uniformly arranged at the inner end of the cladding, and a plurality of groups of measuring points are uniformly arranged at the inner end of the cladding, and a plurality of groups of measuring points are uniformly arranged at the inner end of the cla The fiber sensor is embedded in the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, the inner end of the bearing is fixedly connected with the load shaft, and the load shaft passes through the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate and is rotatably connected with the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, the end of the load shaft away from the second fixing plate is fixedly connected with a separation sleeve, an inner spline groove is provided inside the separation sleeve, the inner end of the inner spline groove is rotatably connected with the input shaft, the end of the input shaft away from the load shaft is fixedly connected with the motor body, the outer end of the input shaft is fixedly connected with a plurality of uniformly distributed external splines, a closed cavity is formed between the separation sleeve and the input shaft, and the closed cavity is filled with magnetic fluid; The end of the second fixed plate away from the first fixed plate is fixedly connected to a shell, the end of the shell away from the second fixed plate is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the outer end of the motor body by bolts, the end of the mounting plate close to the second fixed plate is fixedly connected to a plurality of magnetic boxes, and the plurality of magnetic boxes are distributed in a circular array around the axis of the separation sleeve, the inner ends of the plurality of magnetic boxes are fixedly connected to arc-shaped permanent magnets, the end of the mounting plate close to the second fixed plate is fixedly connected to a plurality of rectangular electromagnets through the fixing plate, and the plurality of rectangular electromagnets correspond to the plurality of arc-shaped permanent magnets, the bottom ends of the plurality of rectangular electromagnets are fixedly connected to pole shoes, and the end of the second fixed plate away from the first fixed plate is fixedly connected to a locking mechanism through a fixing rod.

[0008] The control system includes a signal acquisition module, a parameter analysis module, a state monitoring module, an early warning module, a separation control module, and a data management module. The input end of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the grating demodulator, the output end of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the input ends of the parameter analysis module and the data management module respectively, the output end of the parameter analysis module is electrically connected to the input ends of the state monitoring module and the early warning module respectively; the output end of the state monitoring module is electrically connected to the input ends of the early warning module and the data management module respectively, the output end of the early warning module is electrically connected to the separation control module, and the separation control module is electrically connected to the rectangular electromagnet.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, the three central wavelengths of the Bragg grating are used to measure the radial force, temperature and vibration parameters of the bearing, respectively, and there is no overlap between the reflection spectra of the three Bragg gratings. By setting three Bragg gratings with different central wavelengths and non-overlapping reflection spectra, signal crosstalk is avoided, the measurement accuracy is improved, and simultaneous monitoring of multiple parameters is achieved.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the protective cover and the cladding are made of polyester resin material, and the refractive indexes of the protective cover and the cladding are different. The polyester resin material is used to make the protective cover and the cladding have different refractive indices, which not only protects the optical fiber from mechanical damage, but also ensures good transmission of the optical signal, thereby improving the reliability of the sensor.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, a sealing ring is embedded in the inner end of the separation sleeve, and the sealing ring is rotatably connected to the outer end of the input shaft. A sealing magnetic ring is embedded in the inner end of the separation sleeve, and the sealing magnetic ring is rotatably connected to the input shaft. By providing a double sealing structure of the sealing ring and the sealing magnetic ring, leakage of magnetic fluid is effectively prevented and the sealing performance between the separation sleeve and the input shaft is improved.

[0012] As another improvement of the present application, the axial length of the rectangular electromagnet is greater than the axial length of the arc-shaped permanent magnet, and the polarities of adjacent pairs of arc-shaped permanent magnets are arranged alternately to form an alternating magnetic circuit. By arranging the alternating permanent magnets, a stronger magnetic field cancellation effect is achieved, and the interference between adjacent magnetic poles is reduced, thereby improving the separation effect of the separation device.

[0013] As another improvement supplement of the present application, in each pair of arc-shaped permanent magnets, the N pole of one arc-shaped permanent magnet faces the magnetic fluid, and the S pole of the other permanent magnet faces the magnetic fluid. The polarity of the outer end of the arc-shaped permanent magnet is opposite to the polarity of the relative rectangular electromagnet. This polarity arrangement enables the magnetic lines of force to effectively pass through the magnetic fluid area, forming a magnetic flux generating torque, and at the same time facilitates the electromagnet to generate a reverse magnetic field to offset the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, thereby achieving reliable torque transmission and smooth separation.

[0014] As another improved supplement of the present application, the locking mechanism includes a support ring fixedly connected to the second fixed plate through a fixed rod, a plurality of sliding rails are fixedly connected to one end of the support ring close to the second fixed plate, the outer ends of the plurality of sliding rails are slidably connected to locking pins, and the top end of the locking pin is fixedly connected to a magnetic lock head.

[0015] As another improvement of the present application, multiple magnetic locks correspond to rectangular electromagnets, and the polarity of the magnetic locks is the same as that of the rectangular electromagnets. The bottom end of the magnetic locks is fixedly connected to an elastic bag, the end of the elastic bag away from the magnetic locks is fixedly connected to the slide rail, and the outer end of the load shaft is fixedly connected to a locking gear ring. Through the cooperation of the magnetic locks and the electromagnets and the resetting action of the elastic bag, the locking mechanism can respond quickly and automatically reset, effectively avoiding safety hazards at the load end.

[0016] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: (1) Intelligent monitoring and early warning: Fiber optic sensors are used to monitor the bearings in real time. Multiple groups of measuring points are evenly arranged on the fiber core along the circumference of the outer end of the bearing. Three Bragg gratings with different central wavelengths are written at each group of measuring points, which are used to measure the radial force, temperature and vibration parameters of the bearing respectively. This structural design realizes simultaneous monitoring of multiple parameters. Through the coordinated work of the signal acquisition module, parameter analysis module and status monitoring module, potential faults can be discovered in time and equipment damage can be effectively prevented.

[0017] (2) Active and stable separation: A magnetofluid transmission mechanism is adopted, including a closed transmission system consisting of a separation sleeve, an inner spline groove, an outer spline and a magnetofluid. During normal operation, the magnetofluid forms a magnetic chain under the action of a permanent magnetic field to achieve power transmission. When separation is required, the permanent magnetic field is offset by an electromagnetic field, rendering the magnetofluid ineffective, thereby achieving smooth separation without mechanical contact. This non-contact separation method avoids the wear and impact problems in traditional mechanical separation devices, does not generate additional stress and damage, and ensures a smooth separation process, thereby increasing the service life of the equipment.

[0018] (3) Quick response: A structure in which multiple rectangular electromagnets are paired with arc-shaped permanent magnets is adopted, and the polarities of adjacent permanent magnets are arranged alternately to form an alternating magnetic circuit. When the system detects an abnormality, the rectangular electromagnets are quickly energized to generate a magnetic field opposite to the permanent magnetic field, thereby quickly canceling out the magnetic field. This magnetic field layout design ensures the rapid responsiveness of the separation action and effectively prevents the motor from being damaged due to overload.

[0019] (4) Automatic locking effect: When the system triggers the separation protection, the magnetic field generated by the rectangular electromagnet not only offsets the permanent magnetic field to achieve dynamic separation, but the part that exceeds the arc-shaped permanent magnet also repel the magnetic lock. Under this repulsive force, the locking pin moves along the slide rail toward the axis, compresses the elastic bag, and achieves reliable engagement with the locking tooth ring at the outer end of the load shaft. This magnetically driven automatic locking mechanism avoids the complexity and delay of traditional mechanical locking devices, ensures that the load shaft can be locked immediately after separation, effectively prevents load reversal or accidental falling, and provides safety protection for equipment maintenance.

[0020] (5) Active reset: After the separation control module controls multiple rectangular electromagnets to be powered off synchronously, the permanent magnetic field generated by the arc permanent magnet is automatically restored, so that the magnetic particles in the magnetic fluid re-form orderly arranged magnetic chains, thereby restoring the torque transmission between the separation sleeve and the input shaft; secondly, the magnetic lock head in the locking mechanism loses its repulsive force after the rectangular electromagnet is powered off, and the locking pin is driven to actively return to its initial position under the elastic force of the elastic bag, automatically releasing the lock on the locking gear ring, and can be restored to normal working state without human intervention, thereby improving the use efficiency and convenience of the equipment.

[0021] (6) Vibration cushioning: The special properties of magnetic fluid provide a unique vibration buffering effect. The closed cavity between the separation sleeve and the input shaft is filled with magnetic fluid. Under the action of the permanent magnet magnetic field, the magnetic fluid forms an orderly arrangement and has viscous damping characteristics. When the load shaft vibrates, the magnetic fluid first absorbs the vibration energy and attenuates it through its shearing effect, significantly reducing the vibration amplitude transmitted to the motor. This magnetic fluid damping structure not only reduces the impact on the motor, but also improves the stability and reliability of the entire transmission system. At the same time, due to the adaptive characteristics of the magnetic fluid, the system can provide corresponding buffering effects for different degrees of vibration, effectively protecting the motor and transmission components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a first partial view of the anti-lock braking device of the present application; Figure 3 An exploded view of the anti-lock braking device for this application; Figure 4 A second partial view of the anti-lock braking device of the present application; Figure 5 For this application Figure 4 A magnified image of point A; Figure 6 A front view of the anti-lock braking device of this application; Figure 7 For this application Figure 6 BB cross-sectional view; Figure 8 For this application Figure 7 CC section view; Fig. 9 For this application Figure 7 DD cross-sectional view; Fig.10 For this application Figure 7 EE cross-sectional view; Fig.11 This is a structural block diagram of the control system of this application.

[0023] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1. Bearing; 2. Fiber optic sensor; 201. Protective cover; 202. Cladding; 203. Fiber optic core; 204. Bragg grating; 3. First fixing plate; 4. Second fixing plate; 5. Load shaft; 6. Separation sleeve; 7. Inner spline groove; 8. Input shaft; 9. External spline; 10. Magnetic fluid; 11. Housing; 12 Mounting plate; 13. Magnetic box; 14. Arc permanent magnet; 15. Rectangular electromagnet; 16. Pole shoe; 17. Sealing ring; 18. Sealing magnetic ring; 19. Support ring; 20. Slide rail; 21. Locking pin; 22. Magnetic lock; 23. Elastic bag; 24. Locking gear ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Three implementation modes of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The first implementation method: Figure 1-11 An anti-lock device for a motor is shown, comprising a bearing 1, an outer end of the bearing 1 is wound with an optical fiber sensor 2, the optical fiber sensor 2 comprises a protective sleeve 201 wound around the outer end of the bearing 1, a cladding 202 is fixed to the inner end of the protective sleeve 201, an optical fiber core 203 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the cladding 202, a plurality of groups of measuring points are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer end of the bearing 1 on the optical fiber core 203, three Bragg gratings 204 with different central wavelengths are written at each group of measuring points, the optical fiber sensor 2 is optically connected to a grating demodulator, the grating demodulator is electrically connected to a control system, two ends of the bearing 1 that are far from each other are clamped with a first fixing plate 3 and a second fixing plate 4, and the optical fiber sensor 2 is connected to the outer end of the bearing 1. The device 2 is embedded in the first fixing plate 3 and the second fixing plate 4, the inner end of the bearing 1 is fixedly connected with a load shaft 5, and the load shaft 5 penetrates the first fixing plate 3 and the second fixing plate 4 and is rotatably connected with the first fixing plate 3 and the second fixing plate 4, the end of the load shaft 5 away from the second fixing plate 4 is fixedly connected with a separation sleeve 6, an inner spline groove 7 is provided inside the separation sleeve 6, the inner end of the inner spline groove 7 is rotatably connected with an input shaft 8, the end of the input shaft 8 away from the load shaft 5 is fixedly connected to the motor body, the outer end of the input shaft 8 is fixedly connected with a plurality of uniformly distributed external splines 9, a closed cavity is formed between the separation sleeve 6 and the input shaft 8, and the closed cavity is filled with a magnetic fluid 10; The end of the second fixed plate 4 away from the first fixed plate 3 is fixedly connected to a shell 11, the end of the shell 11 away from the second fixed plate 4 is fixedly connected to a mounting plate 12, the mounting plate 12 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the motor body by bolts, the end of the mounting plate 12 close to the second fixed plate 4 is fixedly connected to a plurality of magnetic boxes 13, and the plurality of magnetic boxes 13 are distributed in a circular array around the axis of the separation sleeve 6, the inner ends of the plurality of magnetic boxes 13 are fixedly connected to arc-shaped permanent magnets 14, the end of the mounting plate 12 close to the second fixed plate 4 is fixedly connected to a plurality of rectangular electromagnets 15 through the fixing plate, and the plurality of rectangular electromagnets 15 correspond to the plurality of arc-shaped permanent magnets 14, the bottom ends of the plurality of rectangular electromagnets 15 are fixedly connected to pole shoes 16, and the end of the second fixed plate 4 away from the first fixed plate 3 is fixedly connected to a locking mechanism through a fixing rod.

[0026] The control system includes a signal acquisition module, a parameter analysis module, a state monitoring module, an early warning module, a separation control module, and a data management module. The input end of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the grating demodulator, the output end of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the input ends of the parameter analysis module and the data management module respectively, the output end of the parameter analysis module is electrically connected to the input ends of the state monitoring module and the early warning module respectively, the output end of the state monitoring module is electrically connected to the input ends of the early warning module and the data management module respectively, the output end of the early warning module is electrically connected to the separation control module, the separation control module is electrically connected to the rectangular electromagnet 15, and the data management module is connected to an external device through a communication interface.

[0027] The three central wavelengths of the Bragg gratings 204 are respectively used to measure the radial force, temperature and vibration parameters of the bearing 1 , and there is no overlap between the reflection spectra of the three Bragg gratings 204 .

[0028] The protective sleeve 201 and the cladding 202 are made of polyester resin material, and the protective sleeve 201 and the cladding 202 have different refractive indices.

[0029] The axial length of the rectangular electromagnet 15 is greater than the axial length of the arc-shaped permanent magnet 14 , and the polarities of adjacent pairs of arc-shaped permanent magnets 14 are alternately arranged to form an alternating magnetic circuit.

[0030] When in use, the anti-lock device is first fixedly connected to the motor by bolts. When the motor is running normally, the motor body drives the input shaft 8 to rotate. The magnetic fluid 10 in the closed cavity of the separation sleeve 6 and the input shaft 8 forms a magnetic chain under the action of the permanent magnetic field generated by the arc-shaped permanent magnet 14. The magnetic chain connects the inner spline groove 7 with the outer spline 9. When the input shaft 8 rotates, the input shaft 8 applies shear stress to the magnetic chain. Due to the rigidity of the magnetic chain and the strong interaction between the magnetic particles, the shear stress will be transmitted to the separation sleeve 6 through the magnetic chain, so that the separation sleeve 6 will rotate accordingly. The motor rotates, and then the torque is transmitted to the load shaft 5 through the separation sleeve 6, and then the load shaft 5 drives the external load or equipment. The magnetic fluid 10 has viscous damping characteristics and forms an orderly arrangement under the action of the permanent magnet magnetic field. It can absorb and attenuate vibration energy. When the load shaft 5 vibrates, the vibration is first absorbed by the magnetic fluid 10 and attenuated by the shearing effect of the magnetic fluid, thereby reducing the vibration transmitted to the motor and reducing the impact on the motor. While the motor is running stably, the optical fiber sensor 2 wound on the outer end of the bearing 1 monitors the temperature, stress, and vibration of the bearing 1 in real time. , multiple groups of Bragg gratings 204 on the optical fiber core 203 synchronously collect data at multiple points of the bearing 1. The first grating of each group detects radial stress, the second grating detects temperature, and the third grating detects vibration. The measured data is transmitted to the grating demodulator through the optical fiber. The signal acquisition module receives the data of the grating demodulator. At the same time, the parameter analysis module processes the three types of data received and determines whether they are abnormal. The radial force data can reflect the load change trend, the temperature can reflect the working condition of the bearing 1, and the vibration characteristics reflect the stability of the device operation. At the same time, the state monitoring module evaluates the working condition of the bearing 1 according to the data of the signal acquisition module, and generates a health report, which is stored by the data management module and a load database is established. The parameter analysis module confirms whether the data exceeds the safety threshold. The parameter analysis module transmits the analysis results to the early warning module. The early warning module sends different levels of early warning signals when the parameters are close to the preset threshold. When the signal is abnormal, the separation control module acts in time to cut off the torque transmission between the separation sleeve 6 and the input shaft 8. Through this systematic monitoring and management, potential problems can be predicted in advance to avoid sudden failures.

[0031] The second implementation method: Figure 1-11 It is shown that, based on the first embodiment, a sealing ring 17 is embedded in the inner end of the separation sleeve 6, and the sealing ring 17 is rotatably connected to the outer end of the input shaft 8, and a sealing magnetic ring 18 is embedded in the inner end of the separation sleeve 6, and the sealing magnetic ring 18 is rotatably connected to the input shaft 8.

[0032] In each pair of arc-shaped permanent magnets 14 , the N pole of one arc-shaped permanent magnet 14 faces the magnetic fluid 10 , and the S pole of the other permanent magnet faces the magnetic fluid 10 . The polarity of the outer end of the arc-shaped permanent magnet 14 is opposite to that of the opposite rectangular electromagnet 15 .

[0033] When the load on the load shaft 5 is too large or stuck, the bearing 1 instantly generates great radial stress and instantaneous impact vibration. The Bragg grating 204 detects that the bearing 1 parameters are abnormal, the radial stress exceeds the preset threshold, the vibration amplitude is abnormal, and the grating demodulator demodulates the abnormal signal. The abnormal signal is transmitted to the signal acquisition module. The parameter analysis module confirms that the safety threshold is exceeded according to the collected signal. The status monitoring module generates an abnormal status report according to the collected signal. The parameter analysis module transmits the analysis result to the early warning module. The early warning module triggers the protection signal. The separation control module receives the early warning signal, and the separation control module controls multiple rectangular electromagnets 15 to be energized synchronously. After being energized, the rectangular electromagnet 15 generates a magnetic field opposite to the arc-shaped permanent magnet 14. This opposite magnetic field offsets the permanent magnetic field. The fluid 10 loses its magnetic linkage effect. After the magnetic fluid 10 fails, the power transmission between the input shaft 8 and the separation sleeve 6 is instantly released. This separation method has no mechanical collision and impact, does not generate additional stress and damage, and the separation process is smooth, which effectively avoids the risk of motor overload and stator coil overheating and burning. At the same time, it also avoids damage to the motor bearings due to overload, reduces the impact load on the stator and rotor, and cuts off the power transmission. At the same time, the separation control module controls the motor body to cut off the power, the motor rotor and the input shaft 8 slowly slow down and stop, and the load shaft 5 and the separation sleeve 6 are locked by the locking mechanism in a stationary state. At this time, the permanent magnetic field has been offset, the magnetic fluid 10 is in a disordered state, and the fluidity is enhanced. However, under the double sealing structure of the sealing ring 17 and the sealing magnetic ring 18, the leakage of the magnetic fluid 10 is effectively prevented.

[0034] The third implementation method: Figure 1-11 It is shown that, based on the second embodiment, the locking mechanism also includes a support ring 19 fixedly connected to the second fixed plate 4 through a fixed rod, and a plurality of slide rails 20 are fixedly connected to one end of the support ring 19 close to the second fixed plate 4, and the outer ends of the plurality of slide rails 20 are all slidably connected to locking pins 21, and the top end of the locking pin 21 is fixedly connected to a magnetic lock head 22.

[0035] Multiple magnetic locks 22 correspond to the rectangular electromagnet 15, and the polarity of the magnetic locks 22 is the same as that of the rectangular electromagnet 15. The bottom end of the magnetic lock 22 is fixedly connected to an elastic bag 23, and the end of the elastic bag 23 away from the magnetic lock 22 is fixedly connected to the slide rail 20. The outer end of the load shaft 5 is fixedly connected to a locking gear ring 24.

[0036] When the rectangular electromagnet 15 generates a magnetic field to offset the permanent magnetic field, the magnetic field generated by the parts of the multiple rectangular electromagnets 15 that exceed the arc-shaped permanent magnets 14 acts on the corresponding magnetic lock head 22. Since the rectangular electromagnet 15 and the magnetic lock head 22 have the same magnetic poles and repel each other, the magnetic lock head 22 pushes the locking pin 21 to move along the slide rail 20 toward the axis under the action of the repulsive force, and the elastic bag 23 is compressed. The locking pin 21 engages with the locking tooth ring 24 at the outer end of the load shaft 5 to lock the load shaft 5 to prevent the load kinetic energy from being released and the load shaft 5 from rotating in the opposite direction. At the same time, it can also prevent the load from falling or being damaged. After locking, the load shaft 5 is fixed. It does not move, which is convenient for checking the cause of the fault and convenient for maintenance personnel to operate. When the motor needs to be restarted after maintenance, the separation control module controls multiple rectangular electromagnets 15 to be powered off synchronously. After the power is off, the permanent magnetic field generated by the arc permanent magnet 14 is restored, and the magnetic flux 10 is quickly restored. The torque of the separation sleeve 6 and the input shaft 8 is restored to transfer, and the reset after separation is completed. When the multiple rectangular electromagnets 15 are powered off synchronously, the magnetic field of the rectangular electromagnet 15 disappears, and the repulsive force on the magnetic lock 22 disappears. The magnetic lock 22 and the locking pin 21 are actively reset to the initial position under the elastic force of the elastic bag 23, and the lock is automatically released.

[0037] In view of current practical needs, the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to the scope of protection. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-lock device for a motor, comprising a bearing (1), characterized in that: The outer end of the bearing (1) is wound with an optical fiber sensor (2), the optical fiber sensor (2) comprises a protective sleeve (201) wound around the outer end of the bearing (1), a cladding (202) is fixedly provided at the inner end of the protective sleeve (201), an optical fiber core (203) is fixedly connected to the inner end of the cladding (202), a plurality of groups of measuring points are evenly arranged on the optical fiber core (203) along the circumference of the outer end of the bearing (1), three Bragg gratings (204) with different central wavelengths are written at each group of measuring points, the optical fiber sensor (2) is optically connected to a grating demodulator, the grating demodulator is electrically connected to a control system, a first fixing plate (3) and a second fixing plate (4) are clamped at two ends of the bearing (1) that are away from each other, and the optical fiber sensor (2) is embedded in the first fixing plate (3) and the second fixing plate (4). A fixed plate (4), the inner end of the bearing (1) is fixedly connected to a load shaft (5), and the load shaft (5) passes through the first fixed plate (3) and the second fixed plate (4) and is rotatably connected to the first fixed plate (3) and the second fixed plate (4); the end of the load shaft (5) away from the second fixed plate (4) is fixedly connected to a separation sleeve (6), an inner spline groove (7) is provided inside the separation sleeve (6), and the inner end of the inner spline groove (7) is rotatably connected to an input shaft (8); the end of the input shaft (8) away from the load shaft (5) is fixedly connected to the motor body, and the outer end of the input shaft (8) is fixedly connected to a plurality of uniformly distributed external splines (9); a closed cavity is formed between the separation sleeve (6) and the input shaft (8), and the closed cavity is filled with a magnetic fluid (10); The end of the second fixing plate (4) away from the first fixing plate (3) is fixedly connected to a housing (11), the end of the housing (11) away from the second fixing plate (4) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (12), the mounting plate (12) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the motor body by bolts, the end of the mounting plate (12) close to the second fixing plate (4) is fixedly connected to a plurality of magnetic boxes (13), and the plurality of magnetic boxes (13) are distributed in a circular array around the axis of the separation sleeve (6), the inner ends of the plurality of magnetic boxes (13) are fixedly connected to arc-shaped permanent magnets (14), the end of the mounting plate (12) close to the second fixing plate (4) is fixedly connected to a plurality of rectangular electromagnets (15) through the fixing plate, and the plurality of rectangular electromagnets (15) correspond to the plurality of arc-shaped permanent magnets (14), the bottom ends of the plurality of rectangular electromagnets (15) are fixedly connected to pole shoes (16), and the end of the second fixing plate (4) away from the first fixing plate (3) is fixedly connected to a locking mechanism through a fixing rod; The control system comprises a signal acquisition module, a parameter analysis module, a state monitoring module, an early warning module, a separation control module and a data management module. The input end of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to a grating demodulator, the output end of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the input ends of the parameter analysis module and the data management module respectively, the output end of the parameter analysis module is electrically connected to the input ends of the state monitoring module and the early warning module respectively, the output end of the state monitoring module is electrically connected to the input ends of the early warning module and the data management module respectively, the output end of the early warning module is electrically connected to the separation control module, and the separation control module is electrically connected to a rectangular electromagnet (15).

2. The anti-lock braking device for a motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three central wavelengths of the Bragg grating (204) are respectively used to measure the radial force, temperature and vibration parameters of the bearing (1), and the reflection spectra of the three Bragg gratings (204) do not overlap.

3. The anti-lock braking device for a motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective sleeve (201) and the cladding (202) are made of polyester resin material, and the protective sleeve (201) and the cladding (202) have different refractive indices.

4. The anti-lock braking device for a motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring (17) is embedded in the inner end of the separation sleeve (6), and the sealing ring (17) is rotatably connected to the outer end of the input shaft (8). A sealing magnetic ring (18) is embedded in the inner end of the separation sleeve (6), and the sealing magnetic ring (18) is rotatably connected to the input shaft (8).

5. The anti-lock braking device for a motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial length of the rectangular electromagnet (15) is greater than the axial length of the arc-shaped permanent magnet (14), and the polarities of adjacent pairs of arc-shaped permanent magnets (14) are arranged alternately to form an alternating magnetic circuit.

6. The anti-lock braking device for a motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: In each pair of arc-shaped permanent magnets (14), the N pole of one arc-shaped permanent magnet (14) faces the magnetic fluid (10), and the S pole of the other permanent magnet faces the magnetic fluid (10), and the polarity of the outer end of the arc-shaped permanent magnet (14) is opposite to the polarity of the corresponding rectangular electromagnet (15).

7. The anti-lock braking device for a motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism comprises a support ring (19) fixedly connected to the second fixed plate (4) via a fixing rod, a plurality of slide rails (20) being fixedly connected to one end of the support ring (19) close to the second fixed plate (4), the outer ends of the plurality of slide rails (20) being slidably connected to locking pins (21), and a magnetic lock head (22) being fixedly connected to the top end of the locking pin (21).

8. The anti-lock braking device for a motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plurality of magnetic locks (22) correspond to the rectangular electromagnets (15), and the polarity of the magnetic locks (22) is the same as that of the rectangular electromagnets (15). The bottom end of the magnetic locks (22) is fixedly connected to an elastic bag (23), and one end of the elastic bag (23) away from the magnetic locks (22) is fixedly connected to the slide rail (20). The outer end of the load shaft (5) is fixedly connected to a locking toothed ring (24).

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