Composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel and method of making same

Abstract

A kind of composite phase change material vacuum insulation plate and its preparation method, the present application belongs to building material field.The present application solves the problems of existing PCM-VIPs, such as poor heat insulation performance, PCM encapsulation difficulty, and performance attenuation of cyclic use.The composite phase change material vacuum insulation plate is composed of vacuum insulation plate unit layer, composite phase change material unit layer and filling material;the vacuum insulation plate unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top inside the filling material;the vacuum insulation plate unit layer is arranged in a rectangular array by multiple vacuum insulation plates;the composite phase change material unit layer is composed of multiple composite phase change material plates;the vacuum insulation plate and the composite phase change material plate are staggered arrangement.The method is:one, preparation of composite phase change material plate;two, assembly and filling.The present application is used for composite phase change material vacuum insulation plate and its preparation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building materials. Background Technology

[0002] With the intensification of global climate change and resource scarcity, the task of energy conservation and emission reduction in the construction industry has become increasingly urgent. Traditional building materials and structural systems can no longer meet increasingly stringent environmental standards and energy efficiency requirements, especially in the field of thermal insulation. While traditional materials such as mineral wool, glass wool, and polystyrene boards have good insulation effects, they generally suffer from limited thermal performance, large space requirements, and environmental pollution. In recent years, vacuum insulated panels (VIPs) have attracted much attention due to their ultra-low thermal conductivity, becoming a new favorite in building energy conservation. VIPs create a near-vacuum space, greatly reducing heat conduction and convection, achieving superior thermal insulation performance.

[0003] However, relying solely on vacuum effects often fails to maintain stable performance under extreme temperature conditions, especially in regions with large diurnal temperature variations or environments with frequent seasonal changes. To overcome this limitation, researchers have begun to explore the integration of phase change materials (PCMs) into VIPs (Visible Insulation Devices). PCMs can absorb or release significant amounts of latent heat within specific temperature ranges, regulating energy through their own phase changes (such as solid-liquid or liquid-gas transitions), thereby balancing internal and external temperature differences and achieving a more dynamic and intelligent insulation effect. This integration of concepts not only enhances the practical value of VIPs but also brings about a revolutionary shift in the construction industry.

[0004] However, existing PCM-VIPs still face many challenges, such as poor thermal insulation performance, difficulty in PCM encapsulation, performance degradation during recycling, safety and environmental protection, and cost control, which hinder their commercialization. Developing a new type of composite PCM-VIP that combines high-efficiency thermal insulation with good compatibility and economy is undoubtedly a crucial breakthrough in solving the bottleneck of building energy conservation and one of the main directions for future building materials research. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to address the problems of poor thermal insulation performance, difficulty in PCM encapsulation, and performance degradation during repeated use in existing PCM-VIPs, and thus provides a composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel and its preparation method.

[0006] A composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel comprises a vacuum insulation panel unit layer, a composite phase change material unit layer, and a filling material. The filling material contains, from bottom to top, a vacuum insulation panel unit layer and a composite phase change material unit layer, with a 5mm to 25mm gap between them. Each vacuum insulation panel unit layer is arranged in a rectangular array of multiple vacuum insulation panels, with gaps between adjacent panels. Each composite phase change material unit layer is composed of multiple composite phase change material plates, with gaps between adjacent plates. The vacuum insulation panels and composite phase change material plates are arranged in a staggered pattern.

[0007] A method for preparing a composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel, comprising the following steps:

[0008] I. Preparation of composite phase change material plates:

[0009] Ceramic fiber board or glass fiber board is placed in a mold, then heated and melted liquid phase change material is poured in and vacuum impregnated, and finally dried to obtain a composite phase change material board;

[0010] II. Assembly and Filling:

[0011] The composite phase change material vacuum insulation board is prepared by sequentially laying, filling, and curing the filler material, vacuum insulation board unit layer, filler material, composite phase change material unit layer, and filler material.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0013] (1) The overall process is simple, the preparation cycle is short, and the cost is low; the safety is good, the process and products are stable, and it is easy to realize large-scale industrial production, which is suitable for energy-saving renovation in the building field.

[0014] (2) By introducing phase change materials, the ability to actively regulate heat flow is enhanced. It can absorb excess heat or release stored heat in environments with large day-night temperature differences, maintain the stability of indoor temperature, and reduce the frequency of use of air conditioning or heating equipment.

[0015] (3) It has excellent thermal insulation performance, which is in line with the current trend of environmental protection and sustainable development. The low thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation board effectively blocks the conduction of heat, while the phase change material absorbs and releases latent heat during the phase change process, further reducing the overall heat flux of the material and significantly improving the thermal insulation effect of the building envelope.

[0016] (4) By using filler material, the thickness of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation board can be effectively reduced, thereby improving space utilization, reducing weight, improving design flexibility and improving thermal performance. Moreover, the filler material is a commonly used building material, so it has good compatibility in the field of construction.

[0017] (5) Non-toxic and recyclable materials are selected to reduce the environmental impact during production and use. Compared with traditional insulation materials, this invention can save more than 50% of energy consumption, further promoting the development of green buildings.

[0018] (6) This invention solves the problem of air leakage of vacuum insulation board by separating vacuum insulation board from phase change material; solves the problem of melting and leakage of phase change material by filling material; and solves the problem of thermal bridging of vacuum insulation board by arranging vacuum insulation board and phase change material in a staggered manner.

[0019] (7) The present invention solves the problem of difficult PCM packaging by using filler materials and phase change materials to impregnate ceramic fiber plates or phase change materials to impregnate glass fiber plates, and ensures the performance of recyclability.

[0020] This invention relates to a composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel and its preparation method. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a side view of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel of Example 1;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vacuum insulation panel unit layer in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the composite phase change material unit layer in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a physical image of a vacuum insulation panel unit layer from Example 1;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a physical image of the composite phase change material unit layer in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a comparison diagram of the thermal insulation effects of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel prepared in Example 1 and the control panel prepared in the comparative experiment. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, but also includes any combination of the specific embodiments.

[0028] Specific Implementation Method 1: This implementation method consists of a vacuum insulation panel unit layer, a composite phase change material unit layer, and a filling material. The filling material contains, from bottom to top, a vacuum insulation panel unit layer and a composite phase change material unit layer, with a 5mm to 25mm gap between them. The vacuum insulation panel unit layer is arranged in a rectangular array of multiple vacuum insulation panels, with gaps between adjacent panels. The composite phase change material unit layer is composed of multiple composite phase change material plates, with gaps between adjacent plates. The vacuum insulation panels and composite phase change material plates are arranged in a staggered pattern.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

[0030] (1) The overall process is simple, the preparation cycle is short, and the cost is low; the safety is good, the process and products are stable, and it is easy to realize large-scale industrial production, which is suitable for energy-saving renovation in the building field.

[0031] (2) By introducing phase change materials, the ability to actively regulate heat flow is enhanced. It can absorb excess heat or release stored heat in environments with large day-night temperature differences, maintain the stability of indoor temperature, and reduce the frequency of use of air conditioning or heating equipment.

[0032] (3) It has excellent thermal insulation performance, which is in line with the current trend of environmental protection and sustainable development. The low thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation board effectively blocks the conduction of heat, while the phase change material absorbs and releases latent heat during the phase change process, further reducing the overall heat flux of the material and significantly improving the thermal insulation effect of the building envelope.

[0033] (4) By using filler material, the thickness of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation board can be effectively reduced, thereby improving space utilization, reducing weight, improving design flexibility and improving thermal performance. Moreover, the filler material is a commonly used building material, so it has good compatibility in the field of construction.

[0034] (5) Non-toxic and recyclable materials are selected to reduce the environmental impact during production and use. Compared with traditional insulation materials, this invention can save more than 50% of energy consumption, further promoting the development of green buildings.

[0035] (6) This embodiment solves the problem of air leakage of vacuum insulation board by separating vacuum insulation board from phase change material; solves the problem of melting and leakage of phase change material by filling material; and solves the problem of thermal bridging of vacuum insulation board by arranging vacuum insulation board and phase change material in a staggered manner.

[0036] (7) This embodiment solves the problem of difficult PCM packaging by using filler material and phase change material impregnated ceramic fiber plate or phase change material impregnated glass fiber plate, and ensures the performance of recyclability.

[0037] Specific Implementation Method Two: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that the internal core material of the vacuum insulation panel is one or a combination of ceramic fiber, glass fiber, aerogel, aerogel-impregnated glass fiber, and polyurethane foam. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0038] Specific Implementation Method Three: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One or Two in that: the composite phase change material plate is a ceramic fiber plate or a glass fiber plate impregnated with a phase change material; the phase change material is one or a combination of several of the following: silicone oil, polyethylene glycol, disodium hydrogen phosphate-sodium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, paraffin wax, hydrated salt, sodium hydroxide, and thiol polymer. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One or Two.

[0039] Specific Implementation Method Four: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Three in that the filling material is polyurethane foam or graphite polystyrene. Everything else is the same as Specific Implementation Methods One to Three.

[0040] Specific Implementation Method Five: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Four in that the vacuum insulation panel is a square structure with a thickness of 5mm to 15mm. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method Four.

[0041] Specific Implementation Method Six: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Five in that: the composite phase change material unit layer is composed of multiple composite phase change material plates arranged in a square structure, with the multiple composite phase change material plates separated by a grid-like gap. Specifically, the multiple composite phase change material plates consist of one central square composite phase change material plate, four rectangular composite phase change material plates, and four peripheral square composite phase change material plates; the thickness of the composite phase change material plates is 5mm to 15mm. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Five.

[0042] Specific Implementation Method Seven: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Six in that the gaps between the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer, the gaps between adjacent vacuum insulation panels, and the grid-shaped gaps are all filled with a filling material. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Six.

[0043] Specific Implementation Method Eight: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Seven in that the distance between the upper and lower surfaces and the outer perimeter of the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer and the surface of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel is 5mm to 40mm. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Methods One to Seven.

[0044] Specific Implementation Method Nine: This implementation method provides a method for preparing a composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel, which is carried out according to the following steps:

[0045] I. Preparation of composite phase change material plates:

[0046] Ceramic fiber board or glass fiber board is placed in a mold, then heated and melted liquid phase change material is poured in and vacuum impregnated, and finally dried to obtain a composite phase change material board;

[0047] II. Assembly and Filling:

[0048] The composite phase change material vacuum insulation board is prepared by sequentially laying, filling, and curing the filler material, vacuum insulation board unit layer, filler material, composite phase change material unit layer, and filler material.

[0049] Specific Implementation Method Ten: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method Nine in that the drying process described in step one is specifically carried out at a temperature of 20℃~80℃ for 24h~72h. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method Nine.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the present invention are verified using the following embodiments:

[0051] Example 1, combined with Figures 1 to 3 Specifically, the dimensions of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel are 520mm × 520mm, and the thickness is 50mm.

[0052] A composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel comprises a vacuum insulation panel unit layer, a composite phase change material unit layer, and a filling material. The filling material contains, from bottom to top, a vacuum insulation panel unit layer and a composite phase change material unit layer, with a 10mm gap between each unit layer. Each vacuum insulation panel unit layer consists of a rectangular array of four vacuum insulation panels, with a 40mm gap between adjacent panels. Each composite phase change material unit layer is composed of multiple composite phase change material panels arranged in a square structure, separated by a 40mm wide grid-like gap.

[0053] The internal core material of the vacuum insulation panel is glass fiber, which is prepared according to the following steps: cut a VIP packaging bag (barrier film); in a clean environment, seal the glass fiber core material into a PET film, then put it into a VIP packaging bag, use a vacuum machine to evacuate to a vacuum degree of 0.02Pa to ensure that all air is removed from the inside of the packaging, and finally seal the edges.

[0054] The composite phase change material plate is a glass fiber plate impregnated with phase change material; the phase change material is polyethylene glycol.

[0055] The filling material is polyurethane foam, prepared using a one-step foaming process.

[0056] The vacuum insulation panel is a square structure with dimensions of 200×200mm and a thickness of 10mm;

[0057] The aforementioned composite phase change material plates specifically consist of one central square composite phase change material plate (200×200mm), four rectangular composite phase change material plates (200×80mm), and four peripheral square composite phase change material plates (80×80mm); the thickness of the composite phase change material plates is 10mm.

[0058] The gaps between the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer, the gaps between adjacent vacuum insulation panels, and the grid-shaped gaps are all filled with filling material.

[0059] The distance between the lower surface of the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the upper surface of the composite phase change material unit layer and the lower and upper surfaces of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel are both 10mm; the distance between the outer perimeter of the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer and the outer perimeter of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel is 40mm.

[0060] The above-mentioned method for preparing a composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel is carried out according to the following steps:

[0061] I. Preparation of composite phase change material plates:

[0062] The glass fiber board is placed in a mold, then liquid phase change material that has been heated to 55°C and melted is poured in and vacuum impregnated. Finally, it is dried at 30°C for 24 hours to obtain a composite phase change material board.

[0063] II. Assembly and Filling:

[0064] The composite phase change material vacuum insulation board is prepared by sequentially laying, filling, and curing the filler material, vacuum insulation board unit layer, filler material, composite phase change material unit layer, and filler material.

[0065] In step one, the glass fiber board is prepared using a wet long-wire papermaking process.

[0066] The curing process described in step two specifically involves curing at a temperature of 20℃~25℃ for 8 hours.

[0067] Comparative Experiment: This comparative experiment differs from Example 1 in that the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer are omitted, and a control panel is prepared using pure filler material. Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0068] Figure 4 This is a physical image of a vacuum insulation panel unit layer from Example 1; Figure 5 This is a physical image of the composite phase change material unit layer in Example 1;

[0069] Figure 6 The figure shows a comparison of the thermal insulation effects of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel prepared in Example 1 and the control panel prepared in the comparative experiment. As can be seen from the figure, with the vacuum insulation panel unit layer side as the outer side and the composite phase change material unit layer side as the inner side, under the condition of continuous heating at 75°C on the outer side, the temperature on the inner side of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel can be maintained at about 25°C within 50,000s. Compared with the control panel with the same thickness of filling material, the thermal insulation effect is more lasting and obvious.

Claims

1. A composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel, characterized by It consists of a vacuum insulation panel unit layer, a composite phase change material unit layer, and a filling material. The filling material contains, from bottom to top, a vacuum insulation panel unit layer and a composite phase change material unit layer, with a 5mm to 25mm gap between them. The vacuum insulation panel unit layer is arranged in a rectangular array of multiple vacuum insulation panels, with gaps between adjacent panels. The composite phase change material unit layer is composed of multiple composite phase change material plates, with gaps between adjacent plates. The vacuum insulation panels and composite phase change material plates are arranged in a staggered pattern. The internal core material of the vacuum insulation panel is glass fiber; The composite phase change material plate is a glass fiber plate impregnated with a phase change material; the phase change material is polyethylene glycol. The composite phase change material unit layer is composed of multiple composite phase change material plates arranged into a square structure. The multiple composite phase change material plates are separated by a grid-like gap. Specifically, the multiple composite phase change material plates consist of a central square composite phase change material plate, four rectangular composite phase change material plates, and four peripheral square composite phase change material plates. The thickness of the composite phase change material plates is 5mm to 15mm. The vacuum insulation panel is a square structure with a thickness of 5mm to 15mm; The distance between the upper and lower surfaces and the outer periphery of the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer and the surface of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel is 5mm~40mm. The aforementioned composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel is prepared according to the following steps: I. Preparation of composite phase change material plates: The glass fiber board is placed in a mold, then heated and melted liquid phase change material is poured in and vacuum impregnated, and finally dried to obtain a composite phase change material board; the drying is specifically carried out at a temperature of 20℃~80℃ for 24h~72h. II. Assembly and Filling: The composite phase change material vacuum insulation board is prepared by sequentially laying, filling, and curing the filler material, vacuum insulation board unit layer, filler material, composite phase change material unit layer, and filler material. With the vacuum insulation panel unit layer as the outer side and the composite phase change material unit layer as the inner side, under continuous heating at 75°C on the outer side, the temperature on the inner side of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel can be maintained at around 25°C within 50,000 seconds.

2. The composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that... The filling material is polyurethane foam or graphite polystyrene.

3. The composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that... The gaps between the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer, the gaps between adjacent vacuum insulation panels, and the grid-shaped gaps are all filled with filling material.

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