Coupling for pipes, fluid flow system including coupling, and method of reducing water pollution

Abstract

A system and method for reducing or clearing lead and other hazardous substances in water is disclosed. The system is configured for fluid flow, wherein the system includes: a semi-rigid conduit (SRP) disposed inside a first existing conduit; and two coupling assemblies disposed on both ends of the SRP and sealingly coupled to both ends of the SRP. Each assembly includes: a coupling with a joint configured to receive and be disposed inside the SRP; and a compression nut including an inner surface that tapers inwardly such that when the compression nut is threadingly connected to the coupling, the semi-rigid conduit is pressed against the joint to form a fluid seal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The technical field of the present disclosure generally relates to pipe couplings, fluid flow systems including one or more pipe couplings, and methods of reducing water contamination using one or more pipe couplings.

[0002] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0003] This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 373,855, filed on August 29, 2022, and U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 164,504, filed on February 3, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. Background Art

[0004] Pipes that are not easily accessible or economically inaccessible may need to be replaced for a variety of reasons. As a non-limiting example, underground water pipes between the water main and the residence may be buried several feet below the surface. In addition, these pipes may contain lead (Pb) or other harmful substances, contaminating residents' drinking, cooking and bathing water. In addition, aging pipes, including aging lead pipes, may deteriorate, with tiny breaks, cracks and voids. Communities, governments, water authorities and other entities seek to reduce water pollution and the resulting losses in a fiscally responsible manner. Summary of the invention

[0005] One or more aspects of the present invention provide a system, the system comprising: a semi-rigid pipe, the semi-rigid pipe comprising a flexible pipe having a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, the semi-rigid pipe being configured to be arranged inside a first existing pipe; a pair of coupling assemblies, including a first coupling assembly and a second coupling assembly, the first coupling assembly and the second coupling assembly being respectively arranged on the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe and respectively sealingly connected to the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe, each coupling assembly comprising: a coupling, the coupling comprising: a coupling proximal end, the coupling proximal end comprising: a connector having a first outer diameter, the connector being configured to be received by a friction-tight fit and being arranged inside the semi-rigid pipe; and a first external thread, the diameter of the first external thread being larger than the outer diameter of the semi-rigid pipe and being arranged at the distal end of the connector; a coupling distal end arranged opposite to the coupling proximal end, the coupling distal end comprising a second external thread and being configured to form a connection with one of two other existing pipes a fluid seal; an intermediate section disposed between the first and second external threads and configured to allow a coupling to be securely held and threadedly connected; and a compression nut comprising: a compression nut distal end, the compression nut distal end comprising: an internal thread configured to cooperate with the first external thread of the coupling; and an outer surface configured to be securely held so that the compression nut is threadedly connected to the coupling; a compression nut proximal end disposed opposite the compression nut distal end; and an inner surface tapered inwardly from the compression nut distal end to the compression nut proximal end so that threading the compression nut to the coupling causes the semi-rigid pipe to be pressed against the joint to form a fluid seal, wherein the system is configured to have a fluid seal from a first additional existing pipe to a second additional existing pipe, providing a passage for fluid flow between the two additional existing pipes, and wherein "proximal" and "distal" refer to positions relative to the semi-rigid pipes.

[0006] One or more aspects of the present disclosure provide a method, the method comprising: providing a system according to the first aspect; passing the semi-rigid pipe through a first existing pipe; using a corresponding coupling assembly of the pair of coupling assemblies, coupling the semi-rigid pipe to a corresponding pipe of the additional existing pipe at each end of the semi-rigid pipe by: sliding a compression nut onto the corresponding end of the semi-rigid pipe; connecting the distal end of the coupling to the corresponding additional existing pipe; sliding the semi-rigid pipe onto the joint; threading the compression nut onto the coupling and pressing the semi-rigid pipe onto the joint; and wherein the system is configured to have a fluid seal from the first additional existing pipe to the second additional existing pipe, wherein "proximal" and "distal" refer to positions relative to the semi-rigid pipe, and wherein the system is configured to form a fluid seal from the first additional existing pipe of the two additional existing pipes to the second additional existing pipe, providing a channel for fluid flow between the two additional existing pipes.

[0007] One or more aspects of the present disclosure provide a coupling assembly, the coupling assembly comprising: a coupling, the coupling comprising: a proximal end of the coupling, the proximal end of the coupling comprising: a joint having a first outer diameter, the joint being configured to be received by a friction-tight fit and being disposed inside a semi-rigid pipe; and a first external thread, the diameter of the first external thread being larger than the outer diameter of the semi-rigid pipe and being disposed at the distal end of the joint; a distal end of the coupling disposed opposite the proximal end of the coupling, the distal end of the coupling comprising a second external thread and being configured to form a fluid seal with a first existing pipe; an intermediate section, the intermediate section being disposed between the first external thread and the second external thread and being configured so that the coupling is securely held and connected by threads; and a compression nut, the compression nut comprising: a distal end of the compression nut, the distal end of the compression nut comprising: an internal thread, the internal thread being configured to The coupling assembly is configured to be disposed on and sealingly coupled to an end of a semi-rigid pipe, wherein "proximal" and "distal" refer to positions relative to the semi-rigid pipe, and wherein the coupling assembly is configured to form a fluid seal from the semi-rigid pipe to a second existing pipe disposed thereon, providing a passage for fluid flow between the semi-rigid pipe and the second existing pipe disposed at the distal end of the coupling. In one or more aspects, the taper on the inner surface is smooth.

[0008] One or more aspects of the present disclosure provide a method, the method comprising: providing a system, the system being configured for fluid flow, the system comprising: a semi-rigid pipe, the semi-rigid pipe comprising a flexible pipe having a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, the semi-rigid pipe being configured to be arranged inside at least one underground pipe; a pair of coupling components, comprising a first component and a second component, the first component and the second component being respectively arranged on the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe and respectively sealingly coupled to the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe, each component comprising: a coupling, the coupling comprising: a coupling proximal end, the coupling The proximal end of the coupling comprises: a connector having a first outer diameter, the connector being configured to be received by a friction-tight fit and being disposed inside the semi-rigid pipe; a first outer thread, the diameter of the first outer thread being larger than the outer diameter of the semi-rigid pipe and being disposed at the distal end of the connector; a distal end of the coupling disposed opposite the proximal end of the coupling, the distal end of the coupling comprising a second outer thread and being configured to form a fluid seal with one of two other existing pipes; an intermediate section disposed between the first outer thread and the second outer thread and configured to allow the coupling to be securely held and connected by threads; and a compression nut comprising: a compression nut The distal end of the compression nut comprises: an internal thread, the internal thread is configured to cooperate with the first external thread of the coupling; and an outer surface, the outer surface is configured to be firmly held so that the compression nut is connected to the coupling by threading; a compression nut proximal end, the compression nut proximal end is arranged opposite to the compression nut distal end; and an inner surface, the inner surface is tapered inwardly from the compression nut distal end to the compression nut proximal end, so that when the compression nut is connected to the coupling by threading, the semi-rigid pipe is pressed against the joint to form a fluid seal, and the semi-rigid pipe is passed through at least one pipe; using the corresponding coupling assembly of the pair of coupling assemblies, by The semi-rigid pipe is coupled to a corresponding pipe of the additional existing pipe at each end of the semi-rigid pipe in the following manner: sliding a compression nut to the corresponding end of the semi-rigid pipe; connecting the distal end of the coupling to the corresponding additional existing pipe; sliding the semi-rigid pipe onto the joint; and threading the compression nut to the coupling, squeezing the semi-rigid pipe onto the joint, wherein the system is configured to have a fluid seal from a first additional existing pipe to a second additional existing pipe, providing a channel for fluid flow between the two additional existing pipes, and wherein "proximal" and "distal" refer to positions relative to the semi-rigid pipes.

[0009] One or more aspects of the present disclosure provide a system, the system comprising: a semi-rigid pipe, the semi-rigid pipe comprising a flexible pipe having a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, the semi-rigid pipe being configured to be disposed inside an existing lead pipe; a pair of coupling assemblies, comprising a first assembly and a second assembly, the first assembly and the second assembly being disposed on the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe, respectively, and being sealingly coupled to the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe, respectively, each assembly comprising: a coupling, the coupling comprising: a coupling proximal end, the coupling proximal end comprising: a connector having a first outer diameter, the connector being configured to be received by a friction-tight fit and disposed inside the semi-rigid pipe; and a first external thread, the first external thread having a diameter greater than the outer diameter of the semi-rigid pipe and disposed at a distal end of the connector; a coupling distal end disposed opposite to the coupling proximal end, the coupling distal end comprising a second external thread and being configured to form a fluid seal with one of two other existing pipes; an intermediate section disposed between the first and second external threads and configured to allow a coupling to be securely held and threadedly connected; and a compression nut comprising: a compression nut distal end, the compression nut distal end comprising: an internal thread configured to cooperate with the first external thread of the coupling; and an outer surface configured to be securely held so that the compression nut is threadedly connected to the coupling; a compression nut proximal end disposed opposite the compression nut distal end; and an inner surface tapered inwardly from the compression nut distal end to the compression nut proximal end so that threading the compression nut to a coupling causes the semi-rigid pipe to be pressed against the joint to form a fluid seal, wherein the system is configured to have a fluid seal from a first additional existing pipe to a second additional existing pipe, providing a channel for fluid flow between the two additional existing pipes; and wherein "proximal" and "distal" refer to positions relative to the semi-rigid pipes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1A A semi-rigid conduit according to one or more aspects of the present invention is shown.

[0011] Figure 1B A semi-rigid pipe inserted into another pipe is shown in accordance with one or more aspects of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a restoration site in accordance with one or more aspects of the present invention is shown.

[0013] Figure 3 A simplified cross-sectional view of a system in place is shown in accordance with one or more aspects of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 4A A coupling assembly aligned with a shutoff valve is shown in accordance with one or more aspects of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4B A coupling assembly and a coupling assembly according to one or more aspects of the present invention are provided. Figure 4A Magnified view of the sleeve in FIG.

[0016] Figure 4C A coupling assembly with a second sleeve according to one or more aspects of the present invention is shown.

[0017] Figure 4D A coupling assembly with a second sleeve is shown in an open view according to one or more aspects of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5A Another coupling assembly and sleeve according to one or more aspects of the present invention is shown.

[0019] Figure 5B Internal connections according to one or more aspects of the present invention are shown.

[0020] Fig. 6A -6D shows a perspective view, a side view, an end view and a cross-sectional view, respectively, of a coupling for mating with a flared pipe according to one or more aspects of the present invention.

[0021] Fig. 7A -7D respectively show a perspective view, a side view, an end view, and a cross-sectional view of a compression nut according to one or more aspects of the present invention.

[0022] Fig. 8A -8D respectively show a perspective view, a side view, an end view, and a cross-sectional view of a flared nut according to one or more aspects of the present invention.

[0023] Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B A plan view and an end view, respectively, of a sleeve according to one or more aspects of the present invention are shown.

[0024] Fig. 10A -10D respectively show a perspective view, a side view, an end view and a cross-sectional view of a coupling with a narrowing joint according to one or more aspects of the present invention.

[0025] Fig.11A -11D respectively illustrates a perspective view, a side view, an end view, and a cross-sectional view of a third coupling with NPT threads according to one or more aspects of the present invention.

[0026] Fig. 12A -12D illustrate a perspective view, a side view, an end view, and a cross-sectional view, respectively, of another compression nut according to one or more aspects of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.13A -13D shows a perspective view, a plan view, an end view and a cross-sectional view, respectively, of another sleeve according to one or more aspects of the present invention.

[0028] Fig.14 An installation process according to one or more aspects of the present invention is shown.

[0029] Fig.15A and FIG. 15B is a flow chart of an installation method according to one or more aspects of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.16 A graph showing the tensile strength of a material used in a semi-rigid conduit according to one or more aspects of the present invention over time is shown.

[0031] Fig.17 A graph showing product life as a function of temperature is shown for materials used in semi-rigid conduits according to one or more aspects of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Municipal water systems deliver water through a system of reservoirs, canals, pipes, and the like. Usually, a main water line or "water main" is buried along the road, either underneath or alongside it. The depth varies depending on the climate of a particular area. A box is placed in front of a residential or commercial building (the "water consumer") to allow the consumer to receive water from the municipal water system. This box is called a Buffalo box (or "b-box" for short), a curb box, a valve box, or some similar name.

[0033] In many communities, the pipes running from the b-box to the consumer may contain or may be made of lead, the toxicity of which is well known. For other consumers, the pipes from the b-box may be corroded and need to be replaced.

[0034] Excavation, removal, and replacement of such pipes by excavation can be expensive, time consuming, damage building foundations and landscaping, disrupt vehicular and pedestrian traffic, and present potential safety and / or environmental hazards.

[0035] One or more aspects of the present disclosure provide a system, apparatus, and method for remediating toxic and / or aged water services from water mains to b-boxes and from b-boxes to residences while reducing or eliminating many or all of the drawbacks of excavation to remove and replace pipes.

[0036] It is not necessary to remove the pipe by excavation, but the connection at both ends of the lead pipe can be disconnected, and a semi-rigid pipe (semi-rigid pipe, SRP) is inserted through the pipe to be bypassed. This method can prevent lead or other pollutants from entering the water, and prevents water leakage. The coupling assembly at either end of the semi-rigid pipe can be used to connect the semi-rigid pipe to an existing pipe (or other type of pipe) at either end, for example, to an outdoor b-box, or to an external end, and to a water meter or other indoor pipe in a residential (inner end) or basement. The coupling assembly at either end can be matched with existing pipes with or without threads. For example, in order to match the threadless copper pipe, the end of the copper pipe can be flared, and a coupling designed to match the flared pipe can be used in the coupling assembly. If the pipe is threaded, a coupling designed for threaded connection can be included in the coupling assembly.

[0037] In one or more aspects of the invention, the coupling assembly is used in conjunction with a semi-rigid conduit. Any suitable semi-rigid conduit may be used. The semi-rigid conduit may include a fibrous material, such as a woven or non-woven material, as part of or embedded in the flexible conduit to provide sufficient tensile strength and flexibility. The semi-rigid conduit provides a permeability barrier for the water being treated. Any suitable woven or non-woven material may be used. For example, the woven or non-woven material may be Glass fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber and the like, and combinations of materials. The flexible pipe material can be any suitable plastic material, including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated PVC, polybutylene, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), such as Elastolan TM , each of the materials can be cross-linked or non-cross-linked.

[0038] In one aspect, examples of polymers that make up the semi-rigid pipe include cellulose acetate butyrate, ABS, PVDF, RCO, PET, polypropylene, HDPE, thermoplastic polyurethane, and PVC. For example, the flexural modulus of the semi-rigid pipe is 0.25x10 5 psi (pounds per square inch) or higher, especially from 0.5x10 5 psi to 5x10 5 psi or from 1 to 3x10 5 psi. Semi-rigid pipes may include thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers. Tables 1-3 and Fig.16 and Fig.17 The characteristics of a TPU are shown in FIG.

[0039] The semi-rigid tubing may also be composed of other materials, such as any woven, extruded and / or coated conduit.

[0040] In the present disclosure, a semi-rigid conduit describes a tube that can change its shape along its length without undergoing irreversible deformation. The cross-section of such a tube can be deformed (e.g., into a U-shape) and return to an expanded shape (e.g., a substantially circular cross-section). Semi-rigid conduits have one or more of the following properties: high resistance to compression and / or cracking; excellent resistance to bending fatigue; large bend radius; high resistance to kinking; and low moisture absorption. Semi-rigid conduits in one non-limiting example are capable of passing through rigid conduits (e.g., metal conduits) having bends, narrowings, and other changes without being permanently deformed in the process.

[0041] Although the present disclosure uses lead pipes as a non-limiting example of pipes to be bypassed, other types of pipes may be bypassed by one or more of the disclosed systems, devices, and methods.

[0042] The system, including the semi-rigid pipe and the two coupling assemblies, can be approved by National Sanitation Foundation-61 (NSF-61). More generally, the system can be approved by NSF / ANSI / CAN 61, where ANSI is the American National Standards Institute and CAN is the National Standard of Canada.

[0043] In a first aspect, a system, the system comprises: a semi-rigid pipe, the semi-rigid pipe comprising a flexible pipe having a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, the semi-rigid pipe being configured to be disposed inside a first existing pipe; a pair of coupling assemblies, comprising a first coupling assembly and a second coupling assembly, the first coupling assembly and the second coupling assembly being disposed on the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe, respectively, and being sealingly coupled to the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe, respectively, each coupling assembly comprising: a coupling, the coupling comprising: a coupling proximal end, the coupling proximal end comprising: a connector having a first outer diameter, the connector being configured to be received by a friction-tight fit and disposed inside the semi-rigid pipe; and a first external thread, the first external thread having a diameter greater than the outer diameter of the semi-rigid pipe and disposed at a distal end of the connector; a coupling distal end disposed opposite to the coupling proximal end, the coupling distal end comprising a second external thread and being configured to form a fluid seal with one of two other existing pipes; an intermediate section disposed between the first and second external threads and configured to allow a coupling to be securely held and threadedly connected; and a compression nut comprising: a compression nut distal end, the compression nut distal end comprising: an internal thread configured to cooperate with the first external thread of the coupling; and an outer surface configured to be securely held so that the compression nut is threadedly connected to the coupling; a compression nut proximal end disposed opposite the compression nut distal end; and an inner surface tapered inwardly from the compression nut distal end to the compression nut proximal end so that threading the compression nut to the coupling causes the semi-rigid pipe to be pressed against the joint to form a fluid seal, wherein the system is configured to maintain a fluid seal from a first additional existing pipe to a second additional existing pipe, forming a passage for fluid flow between the two additional existing pipes, and wherein "proximal" and "distal" refer to positions relative to the semi-rigid pipes.

[0044] In a second aspect, the system according to the first aspect further includes a sleeve associated with each coupling assembly, each sleeve including: a first sleeve end, the first sleeve end is configured to receive the first existing pipe and be securely clamped on the first existing pipe; and a second sleeve end, the second sleeve end is configured to receive the proximal end of the compression nut and be securely clamped on the proximal end of the compression nut.

[0045] A third aspect is a system according to the first aspect, wherein: at least one connecting assembly also includes a flared nut, the flared nut including: a proximal end with an internal thread, the proximal end with an internal thread is configured to cooperate with the second external thread of the corresponding connecting piece and sealingly connect one of the other existing pipes to the corresponding connecting piece distal end; and an outer surface, the outer surface is configured to be firmly retained to facilitate the flared nut to be threadedly connected to the connecting piece, wherein at least one other existing pipe includes a flared proximal end, and wherein the connecting piece also includes a distal end, the shape of the distal end is capable of cooperating with the flared proximal end of at least one other existing pipe.

[0046] In a fourth aspect, the system according to the first aspect, wherein at least one of the coupling, the compression nut, the nut, and the sleeve comprises at least one of brass, steel, or plastic.

[0047] A fifth aspect, according to the system of the first aspect, wherein the outer surface of the joint is smooth.

[0048]

[0013] In a sixth aspect, the system according to the first aspect, wherein the sleeve comprises a plurality of shells that form a tubular shape when assembled, and wherein the plurality of shells are held together by a plurality of fasteners.

[0049] A seventh aspect, according to the system of the sixth aspect, wherein the fastener comprises a bolt configured to be received by a complementary hole in the adjacent shell pair.

[0050] In aspect 8, a system according to aspect 1, wherein the fluid comprises water.

[0051] A ninth aspect, according to the system of the eighth aspect, wherein the fluid comprises drinking water.

[0052] In a tenth aspect, according to the system of the first aspect, the first existing pipeline includes a toxic substance.

[0053]

[0011] In an eleventh aspect, the system of the first aspect, wherein the first additional existing conduit comprises a Buffalo tank of a water supply system, and the second additional existing conduit comprises a water supply line in a residential or commercial building.

[0054] In the twelfth aspect, a method comprises: providing a system according to the first aspect; passing the semi-rigid pipe through a first existing pipe; using the corresponding coupling assembly of the pair of coupling assemblies, connecting the semi-rigid pipe to the corresponding pipe of the additional existing pipe at each end of the semi-rigid pipe by: sliding a compression nut onto the corresponding end of the semi-rigid pipe; connecting the distal end of the coupling to the corresponding additional existing pipe; sliding the semi-rigid pipe onto the joint; threading the compression nut onto the coupling and pressing the semi-rigid pipe onto the joint; and wherein the system is configured to have a fluid seal from the first additional existing pipe to the second additional existing pipe, wherein "near" and "far" refer to the position relative to the semi-rigid pipe, and wherein the system is configured to form a fluid seal from the first additional existing pipe of the two additional existing pipes to the second additional existing pipe, providing a channel for fluid flow between the two additional existing pipes.

[0055] In the thirteenth aspect, the method according to the twelfth aspect further includes: providing a sleeve, the sleeve comprising: a first sleeve end, the first sleeve end is configured to receive the first existing pipe and is firmly clamped on the first existing pipe; and a second sleeve end, the second sleeve end is configured to receive the proximal end of the compression nut and is firmly clamped on the proximal end of the compression nut; and clamping the first sleeve end and the second sleeve end on the proximal end of the first existing pipe and the compression nut, respectively.

[0056] In a fourteenth aspect, the method according to the thirteenth aspect also includes: eliminating all torsion in the semi-rigid pipe.

[0057] In the fifteenth aspect, the method according to the thirteenth aspect further includes: at least one flare nut, the at least one flare nut including: a proximal end with an internal thread, the proximal end with an internal thread is configured to cooperate with the second external thread of the corresponding connecting piece and sealably connect one of the other existing pipes to the corresponding distal end of the connecting piece; and an outer surface, the outer surface is configured to be firmly held to facilitate the flare nut to be threadedly connected to the connecting piece, wherein the connecting piece also includes a distal end, the shape of the distal end is capable of cooperating with the flared proximal end of at least one other existing pipe, wherein for at least one connecting assembly, connecting the distal end of the connecting piece to the corresponding other existing pipe includes: sliding the at least one flare nut onto the corresponding other existing pipe; flaring the proximal end of the corresponding other existing pipe; cooperating the flared proximal end of the corresponding other existing pipe with the distal end of the connecting piece; and threading the flare nut to the distal end of the connecting piece.

[0058] In the sixteenth aspect, a connecting assembly, the connecting assembly comprising: a connecting piece, the connecting piece comprising: a proximal end of the connecting piece, the proximal end of the connecting piece comprising: a joint having a first outer diameter, the joint being configured to be received by a friction-tight fit and being disposed inside a semi-rigid pipe; and a first external thread, the diameter of the first external thread being larger than the outer diameter of the semi-rigid pipe and being disposed at the distal end of the joint; a distal end of the connecting piece disposed opposite to the proximal end of the connecting piece, the distal end of the connecting piece comprising a second external thread and being configured to form a fluid seal with a first existing pipe; an intermediate section, the intermediate section being disposed between the first external thread and the second external thread and being configured so that the connecting piece is securely held and connected by threads; and a compression nut, the compression nut comprising: a distal end of the compression nut, the distal end of the compression nut comprising: an internal thread, the internal thread being configured to be connected to the connecting piece a first external thread of the member; and an outer surface, the outer surface being configured to be firmly held so that the compression nut is connected to the coupling member by threading; a compression nut proximal end, the compression nut proximal end being arranged opposite to the compression nut distal end; and an inner surface, the inner surface tapering from the compression nut distal end to the compression nut proximal end, so that when the compression nut is threadedly connected to the coupling member, the semi-rigid pipe is pressed against the joint to form a fluid seal, wherein the coupling assembly is configured to be arranged on one end of the semi-rigid pipe and sealingly connected to one end of the semi-rigid pipe, wherein "proximal" and "distal" refer to positions relative to the semi-rigid pipe, and wherein the coupling assembly is configured to form a fluid seal from the semi-rigid pipe to a second existing pipe arranged, providing a channel for fluid flow between the semi-rigid pipe and the second existing pipe arranged at the distal end of the coupling member.

[0059] In the seventeenth aspect, the component according to the sixteenth aspect further includes a flared nut, which includes: a proximal end with an internal thread, which is configured to cooperate with the second external thread of the corresponding connecting piece and sealingly connect the first existing pipe to the distal end of the connecting piece; and an outer surface, which is configured to be firmly retained to facilitate the flared nut to be connected to the connecting piece by threading, wherein the first existing pipe includes a flared proximal end, and wherein the connecting piece also includes a distal end, the shape of the distal end is capable of cooperating with the flared proximal end of the first existing pipe.

[0060]

[00183] In aspect 18, an assembly according to aspect 16, wherein the coupling, compression nut, nut, and sleeve comprise at least one of brass, steel, or plastic.

[0061] A nineteenth aspect, according to the assembly of the sixteenth aspect, wherein the outer surface of the joint is smooth.

[0062] Aspect 20. An assembly according to aspect 16, wherein the sleeve comprises a plurality of shells that form a tubular shape when assembled, and wherein the plurality of shells are held together by a plurality of fasteners.

[0063] In aspect 21, an assembly according to aspect 20, wherein the fastener comprises a bolt configured to be received by complementary holes in adjacent shell pairs.

[0064] Aspect 22. An assembly according to aspect 16, wherein the fluid comprises water.

[0065] A twenty-third aspect, an assembly according to aspect twenty-second aspect, wherein the fluid comprises drinking water.

[0066] In aspect 24, a method, the method comprising: providing a system, the system being configured for fluid flow, the system comprising: a semi-rigid pipe, the semi-rigid pipe comprising a flexible pipe having a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, the semi-rigid pipe being configured to be disposed inside at least one underground pipe; a pair of coupling components, comprising a first component and a second component, the first component and the second component being disposed on the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe, respectively, and being sealingly coupled to the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe, respectively, each component comprising: a coupling, the coupling comprising: a coupling proximal end, the coupling proximal end comprising: A connector having a first outer diameter, the connector being configured to be received by a friction fit and disposed inside the semi-rigid pipe; a first outer thread, the diameter of the first outer thread being larger than the outer diameter of the semi-rigid pipe and disposed at a distal end of the connector; a distal end of the connector disposed opposite the proximal end of the connector, the distal end of the connector including a second outer thread and configured to form a fluid seal with one of two other existing pipes; an intermediate section disposed between the first and second outer threads and configured to allow the connector to be securely held and connected by threads; and a compression nut, the compression nut comprising: a distal end of the compression nut, the compression nut The distal end of the compression nut includes: an internal thread, the internal thread is configured to cooperate with the first external thread of the coupling; and an outer surface, the outer surface is configured to be firmly held so that the compression nut is connected to the coupling by threading; a proximal end of the compression nut, the proximal end of the compression nut is arranged opposite to the distal end of the compression nut; and an inner surface, the inner surface is gradually tapered inward from the distal end of the compression nut to the proximal end of the compression nut, so that when the compression nut is connected to the coupling by threading, the semi-rigid pipe is pressed against the joint to form a fluid seal, and the semi-rigid pipe is passed through the at least one underground pipeline; using the corresponding coupling assembly of the pair of coupling assemblies, by the following The method of coupling the semi-rigid pipe to a corresponding pipe of the additional existing pipe at each end of the semi-rigid pipe is as follows: sliding a compression nut onto the corresponding end of the semi-rigid pipe; connecting the distal end of the coupling to the corresponding additional existing pipe; sliding the semi-rigid pipe onto the joint; and threading the compression nut onto the coupling, pressing the semi-rigid pipe onto the joint, wherein the system is configured to have a fluid seal from a first additional existing pipe to a second additional existing pipe, providing a channel for fluid flow between the two additional existing pipes, and wherein "proximal" and "distal" refer to positions relative to the semi-rigid pipes.

[0067] In aspect 25, the method according to aspect 24 further includes: providing a sleeve, the sleeve comprising: a first sleeve end, the first sleeve end being configured to receive at least one underground pipe and being firmly clamped on the at least one underground pipe; and a second sleeve end, the second sleeve end being configured to receive the proximal end of the compression nut and being firmly clamped on the proximal end of the compression nut; and clamping the first sleeve end and the second sleeve end on the at least one underground pipe and the proximal end of the compression nut, respectively.

[0068] In aspect 26, the method according to aspect 24 further includes: eliminating all torsion in the semi-rigid pipe.

[0069] In aspect 27, the method according to aspect 24 further includes: at least one flare nut, the at least one flare nut including: a proximal end with an internal thread, the proximal end with an internal thread is configured to cooperate with the second external thread of the corresponding connecting piece and sealingly connect one of the other existing pipes to the corresponding distal end of the connecting piece; and an outer surface, the outer surface is configured to be firmly held to facilitate the flare nut to be threadedly connected to the connecting piece, wherein the connecting piece also includes a distal end, the shape of the distal end is capable of cooperating with the flared proximal end of at least one other existing pipe, wherein for at least one connecting assembly, connecting the distal end of the connecting piece to the corresponding other existing pipe includes: sliding the at least one flare nut onto the corresponding other existing pipe; flaring the proximal end of the corresponding other existing pipe; cooperating the flared proximal end of the corresponding other existing pipe with the distal end of the connecting piece; and threading the flare nut to the distal end of the connecting piece.

[0070] In aspect 28, according to the system of aspect 1, the semi-rigid pipe comprises at least one of the following materials: cellulose acetate butyrate, ABS, PVDF, RCO, PET, polypropylene, HDPE, thermoplastic polyurethane and PVC.

[0071] In aspect 29, according to the method of aspect 12, the semi-rigid pipe comprises at least one of the following materials: cellulose acetate butyrate, ABS, PVDF, RCO, PET, polypropylene, HDPE, thermoplastic polyurethane and PVC.

[0072] Aspect 30. An assembly according to aspect 16, wherein the semi-rigid pipe comprises at least one of the following materials: cellulose acetate butyrate, ABS, PVDF, RCO, PET, polypropylene, HDPE, thermoplastic polyurethane and PVC.

[0073] In aspect 31, a method according to aspect 24, wherein the semi-rigid pipe comprises at least one of the following materials: cellulose acetate butyrate, ABS, PVDF, RCO, PET, polypropylene, HDPE, thermoplastic polyurethane and PVC.

[0074] Aspect 32. A system according to aspect 1, wherein the joint is tapered to conform to the tapered inner surface of the compression nut.

[0075] A thirty-third aspect, a method according to aspect 12, wherein the joint is tapered to conform to the tapered inner surface of the compression nut.

[0076] A thirty-fourth aspect, a coupling assembly according to the sixteenth aspect, wherein the joint is tapered to conform to the tapered inner surface of the compression nut.

[0077] A thirty-fifth aspect, a method according to the twenty-fourth aspect, wherein the joint is tapered to conform to the tapered inner surface of the compression nut.

[0078] In the thirty-sixth aspect, a system comprises: a semi-rigid pipe, the semi-rigid pipe comprising a flexible pipe having a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, the semi-rigid pipe being configured to be disposed inside an existing lead pipe; a pair of connecting components, comprising a first component and a second component, the first component and the second component being disposed on the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe, respectively, and being sealingly connected to the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe, respectively, each component comprising: a connecting piece, the connecting piece comprising: a connecting piece proximal end, the connecting piece proximal end comprising: a joint having a first outer diameter, the joint being configured to be received by a friction-tight fit and being disposed inside the semi-rigid pipe; and a first external thread, the diameter of the first external thread being larger than the outer diameter of the semi-rigid pipe and being disposed at the distal end of the joint; a connecting piece distal end disposed opposite to the connecting piece proximal end, the connecting piece distal end comprising a second external thread and being configured to form a fluid seal with one of two other existing pipes; an intermediate section, the an intermediate section disposed between the first and second external threads and configured to allow the coupling to be securely held and threadedly connected; and a compression nut comprising: a compression nut distal end, the compression nut distal end comprising: an internal thread configured to cooperate with the first external thread of the coupling; and an outer surface configured to be securely held so that the compression nut is threadedly connected to the coupling; a compression nut proximal end, the compression nut proximal end being disposed opposite to the compression nut distal end; and an inner surface, the inner surface tapering inwardly from the compression nut distal end to the compression nut proximal end so that when the compression nut is threadedly connected to the coupling, the semi-rigid pipe is pressed against the joint to form a fluid seal, wherein the system is configured to maintain a fluid seal from a first additional existing pipe to a second additional existing pipe, providing a channel for fluid flow between the two additional existing pipes; and wherein "proximal" and "distal" refer to positions relative to the semi-rigid pipes.

[0079] In aspect 37, a super system comprises: a plurality of systems according to aspect 1, wherein adjacent systems of the plurality of systems are configured to be arranged at opposite ends of an existing pipeline facility and are configured to allow fluid flow from a first end of the super system to a second end of the super system.

[0080] Aspect 38. A super system according to aspect 37, wherein the plurality of systems comprises two systems and the existing piping facilities comprises a b-box.

[0081] Figure 1AA semi-rigid pipe 100 is shown having a first end 110 and a second end 120 opposite the first end. The SRP can have a lower friction value (eg, Manning's "N" value) than existing pipes through which the SRP passes, thereby creating a smoother pipe for conveying fluids such as water.

[0082] Figure 1B The semi-rigid pipe 100 is shown folded into a U-shape and secured in place with spaced ties 130. The folded U-shape allows the semi-rigid pipe 100 to be inserted through a second pipe 140 (e.g., a lead pipe). When the semi-rigid pipe 100 is pressurized, the ties 130 will rupture and allow the semi-rigid pipe 100 to expand to fill the second pipe 140.

[0083] The SRP is capable of fitting pipes 1 / 2 inch in diameter or larger, but is not technically precluded from fitting smaller diameter pipes.

[0084] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a repair site is provided. House 204 receives water from a water main 208 buried under street 212. B-box 216 provides access to a water shutoff valve 220. Prior to the repair, water flowed into house 204 through a lead water supply line (pipe) 224. During the repair process according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, a semi-rigid pipe 100 has been inserted into the water supply line 224. The semi-rigid pipe 100 serves as a barrier between the water supply line 224 and the water flowing into the plumbing system 228 of the house 204. Unlike the remove-replace repair method that requires excavation from at least the b-box 216 to the basement 228, the excavation 232 required to perform the repair of the present disclosure is only a smaller area immediately surrounding the b-box 216. In addition, the remove-replace repair method requires the removal of the existing pipe 224 that passes through the basement foundation and the insertion of a new water supply pipe, which may damage the foundation. The semi-rigid pipe 100 is connected to the existing water pipes 236, 240 in the house 204 and at the b-box 212 by an internal coupling assembly (ICA) 244 and an external coupling assembly (ECA) 248, respectively. Both the internal coupling assembly 244 and the external coupling assembly 248 can function at either end of the semi-rigid pipe 100. However, the two coupling assemblies 244, 248 can differ in how they are connected (coupled) to the existing water pipes. The internal coupling assembly 244 can be directly connected to the water meter without the need for an intermediate pipe section to reduce the chance of the consumer bypassing the water meter. The coupling assembly will be discussed in more detail below.

[0085] Although Figure 2 A system is shown that connects the b-box 216 to the consumer's internal water system 228, but the present invention also provides systems that connect to other plumbing facilities. Figure 2 A system similar to the one shown can be installed from the b-box 216 to the water main 208 .

[0086] For example, a super system can include multiple systems having adjacent systems disposed on either side in an existing piping facility, and wherein the super system is configured such that fluid flows from a first end of the super system to a second end of the super system. For example, a super system can include a b-box 216 located between the first system and the second system.

[0087] Figure 3 , a simplified cross-sectional view of a system 300 according to one or more aspects is shown. The system 300 includes a semi-rigid pipe 100 inserted into a first existing pipe 304, such as a lead pipe 224 between a b-box and a house. The coupling assemblies 244, 248 provide a leak-free, fluid-tight seal between the semi-rigid pipe 100 and the existing pipes 236, 240. The semi-rigid pipe 100 extends into each coupling assembly 236, 240 to a greater extent than the first existing pipe 304. The coupling assemblies 244, 248 can be the same or different. For example, the existing pipes 236, 240 to which the coupling assemblies 244, 248 are connected may require flare fittings, NPT threaded fittings, or other types of fittings. Regardless of the type of connection assembly, it can appear at either end of the system 300.

[0088] Figure 4A One aspect of a coupling assembly 248 and sleeve 404 for coupling a semi-rigid pipe 100 to an existing pipe 240 is shown. The coupling assembly 248 includes a coupling 408 having a fitting (not visible) over which the semi-rigid pipe 100 slides, a compression nut 416 mounted on the semi-rigid pipe 100 and threaded onto the coupling 408, compressing the semi-rigid pipe 100 against the fitting to form a leak-proof, fluid-tight installation. The opposite end of the coupling 408 is threaded for connection with the existing pipe 240. Figure 4A In the illustrated aspect, the coupling 408 has a taper at the opposite end to mate and seal with the flared end of the existing pipe 240. The flare nut 412 fits over the existing pipe 240 and is threaded onto the coupling 408 to form a leak-free, fluid-tight installation between the coupling 408 and the existing pipe 240 when the proximal end of the existing pipe 240 is flared. This aspect can be used where it is difficult to bypass the water meter, for example, at the b-box. Figure 4A A model of a b-box in which a shutoff valve 220 is disposed is shown. The sleeve 404 can be configured to be clamped onto the unthreaded end of a compression nut 416 at one end and onto the pipe 304 at the other end. The sleeve can be made of two half shells, which can be fastened together by bolts 420, for example. When the fastener is tightened, the sleeve 404 is clamped onto the compression nut 412 and the pipe 304. Figure 4B Provided Figure 4A An enlarged view of a portion of .

[0089] Figure 4C Provided Figure 4A and 4B 4. A view of the coupling assembly 248 having a second sleeve 424 that is clamped using eight bolts 428 instead of the four bolts 420 used with the sleeve 404.

[0090] Figure 4D Provide the view of both the coupling assembly 248 and the second sleeve 424 and the open view 425 of the second sleeve.In the open view, it can be seen that the sleeve 424 receives the lead pipe (that is, no matter what pipe is being bypassed) 304 and the coupling 416, until the position of the further insertion of the pipe 304 or the coupling 416 is stopped by the shoulders 427, 429. In one or more aspects, the semi-rigid pipe can be the Aquaman L semi-rigid pipe 101. However, the semi-rigid pipe is more widely considered to be applicable. The sleeve of this aspect is regarded as two half shells, which can be fixed together with screws, bolts, clamps or other suitable devices. Two sleeve halves are brought together so that the coupling assembly 248 (specifically, coupling 416) and the lead pipe (or other existing pipes to be bypassed) 304 are fixed in place.

[0091] Figure 5A A coupling assembly 244 and sleeve 404 are shown that can be used outdoors, or typically indoors, depending on the type of existing pipe to which the coupling assembly 244 is connected. Features that are common to one or more coupling assemblies and sleeves described above are not repeated here. Coupling assembly 244 differs from the coupling assemblies described above in that it does not use a flared nut. Instead, coupling 408 connects directly to a water meter, valve 504, etc. via a threaded connection. These threads can conform to the National Pipe Thread (NPT) standard. In one or more aspects, Figure 5A The coupling assembly 244 shown in FIG. 2 can be an internal coupling assembly. As previously mentioned, there is no fundamental reason why various coupling assemblies cannot be used in various types of locations. However, in order to prevent the water meter from being bypassed, Figure 5A The coupling assembly shown in may be more useful.

[0092] The coupling assembly comprises at least a coupling piece and a compression nut. In some coupling assemblies, a flared nut can also be introduced.

[0093] In the present disclosure, the proximal end and the distal end of a component, in particular the proximal end and the distal end, are used to provide an orientation of the component relative to the semi-rigid pipe. For example, the proximal end of the component is configured to be closer to the semi-rigid pipe than the distal end.

[0094] Figure 5BA portion of a system located in a residence, possibly in a basement, is shown. In the example presented here, a semi-rigid pipe 100 extending from outside the residence (e.g., from a b-box) passes through the floor of the basement and is coupled to an internal residence distribution piping line 550 via an internal coupling assembly 244. The internal residence distribution piping line 550 can include a water supply valve 504. As shown by the arrows, water flows through the system from bottom to top.

[0095] Reference Fig. 6A , showing the coupling 408 in a perspective view. The coupling proximal end 604 includes a fitting 608 configured to fit snugly into the semi-rigid pipe 100 in a friction-tight fit. The outer surface of the fitting 608 can be a smooth cylinder. As used herein, the terms "smooth" and "smoothly" refer to surfaces that are designed and manufactured to be substantially constant or monotonically varying as a function of the position of the part. Figure 6B and 6D 609 and inner diameter 610, respectively. In other aspects of the invention, the outer surface of the connector cannot be smooth. The outer surface of the connector can be etched, barbed or otherwise prepared as defined herein to be non-smooth. Adjacent to connector 608 and located at its distal end is an external thread 612, the diameter of which is greater than the outer diameter of semi-rigid pipe 100. External thread 612 is configured to receive the internal thread on the distal end of compression nut 416.

[0096] The distal end 616 of the coupling 408 is disposed opposite the proximal end 604 of the coupling and has an inner diameter 618. The distal end includes an external thread 620 for producing a safe, leak-free, fluid-tight connection with a pipe or a pipe facility fixture (e.g., a water meter or a valve). In one or more aspects, the distal end 616 of the coupling 408 also includes a surface 624 that is shaped to cooperate with a pipe having a flared end and form a fluid-tight connection therewith.

[0097] Still refer to FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D , the middle section 628 is disposed between the external threads 612, 620 and is configured to allow the coupling 408 to be securely fixed and securely connected by threads. The aspect shown in the figure is configured to be fixed by a wrench. In one or more aspects, the outer surface of the middle section 628 can be knurled or provided with any other surface that enables the coupling 408 to be threadedly connected and non-threadedly connected to other components of the coupling assembly.

[0098] Reference Fig. 7A, the compression nut 416 includes a distal end 704 having an internal thread 708 configured to cooperate with the external thread 612 on the proximal end of the coupling 408. The compression nut distal end 704 includes an outer surface 710 configured to be securely fixed so that the compression nut 416 is threadedly connected to the coupling 408. The compression nut proximal end 712 is disposed opposite to the compression nut distal end 704.

[0099] The inner surface 716 of the gland nut 416 is from the distal end of the gland nut ( Fig.7D The threaded end 704 of the gland nut 416 tapers inwardly toward the proximal end 712 of the gland nut, so that threading the gland nut 416 onto the coupling 408 compresses the semi-rigid pipe 100 against the fitting 608 to form a fluid seal. The taper can be smooth between the ends 704, 712 of the gland nut 416, but other tapers can be used that also form a fluid seal between the semi-rigid pipe 100 and the fitting 608.

[0100] The proximal end 712 of the gland nut 416 includes a cylindrical outer surface 720 having an outer diameter 724 and an inner diameter 728, respectively. Figure 7B and 7D The outer surface 720 can be clamped by the sleeve.

[0101] In one or more aspects, the coupling assembly further includes a flared nut 412. FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D , the flare nut 412 can include a proximal end 804 having internal threads 808 that are configured to mate with external threads 620 on the distal end 616 of the coupling 408 and sealingly connect the flared proximal end of the existing pipe 240 to the distal end 616 of the coupling 408. The outer surface 812 of the proximal end 804 of the flare nut 412 is configured to be securely secured to facilitate threading the flare nut 312 onto the coupling 408. The distal end 816 of the flare nut 412 has an inner diameter 820 that allows the flare nut 412 to be slid onto the existing pipe 240 before, rather than after, flaring the pipe end. Figure 8B The outer diameter 824 of the distal end 816 of the flared nut 412 is shown in FIG.

[0102] Fig. 9A and 9BA plan view and an end view of one aspect of the sleeve 424 are provided, respectively. The sleeve 424 includes a plurality of housing segments 904, 908. For example, these housing segments 904, 908 can be fastened together with a plurality of bolts 428 inserted into corresponding holes 910 so that a first sleeve end 912 receives and securely clamps onto an existing pipe (e.g., a lead pipe 304) through which a semi-rigid pipe 100 can be inserted, and so that a second sleeve end 916 receives and securely clamps onto a proximal end 712 of a compression nut 416. The internal dimensions of the sleeve 424 can be such that the extent to which the pipe and the compression nut 416 can be inserted into the sleeve is limited, while the sleeve 424 is configured to allow the semi-rigid pipe 100 to pass from the first sleeve end to the second sleeve end.

[0103] FIG. 10A to FIG. 10D A second coupling 1000 is shown, which has many similarities to the coupling described above, which will not be described in detail herein. A notable feature is that the external thread 1012 is longer than the external thread 608 in the axial direction of the coupling 1000. Various lengths of external threads can be used without departing from the intended coupling.

[0104] The second distinguishing feature is that the connector 1008 is a tapered outer surface that moves from the outer thread 1012 toward the free end of the connector 1008. The taper angle 1077 is Fig. 10D . The cone angle can be any angle greater than 0° and less than 180°. In one aspect, the cone angle is 90° to 120°. In another aspect, the cone angle is 90° to 100°. In yet another aspect, the angle is 90° to 95°. In another aspect, the cone angle is 91°.

[0105] FIG. 11A to FIG. 11D A third coupling member 1100 is shown, which is combined with the first coupling member, in particular with FIG. 10A to FIG. 10D The second coupling 1000 discussed has many similarities. One difference is that the third coupling 1100 is not designed to be connected to the pipe of flaring, because it lacks the connection surface shown in 624 and 1024. On the contrary, the external thread 1120 on the far end of coupling 1100 extends to the far end of coupling. The third coupling 1100 also includes the tapered joint as described about the second coupling 1000. The external thread 1120 on the far end of coupling 1100 can be a national pipe thread (NPT) thread.

[0106] FIG. 12A to FIG. 12D A second compression nut 1200 is shown. The second compression nut 1200 is combined with the above in many aspects. 7A to 7DThe compression nuts discussed above are similar. Similar features will not be repeated. The difference between the compression nuts is that the second compression nut 1200 includes an outer surface 1210 that is longer in the axial direction than the outer surface 710 of the first compression nut. In addition, the internal thread 1208 also has a larger axial coverage than the internal thread 708. In one or more aspects, the internal thread 1208 can extend as close to the proximal end of the second compression nut 1200 as possible.

[0107] Another difference is that the second compression nut (or adapter) 1200 includes a tapered inner surface 1216. The cone angle 1217 is 90° less than the cone angle 1077. Therefore, if the cone angle 1077 of the coupling is 91°, the cone angle 1217 is 1°. Therefore, when the second compression nut 1200 is threaded onto a coupling having a tapered joint, the tapered joint surface and the tapered inner surface 1216 will maintain an equal spacing therebetween, which decreases as the second compression nut 1200 is threaded onto the coupling, thereby compressing the semi-rigid pipe between the two surfaces to form a watertight (or liquid-tight) seal. This angular relationship of the tapered components makes it possible to compensate for differences in the semi-rigid pipe, such as differences in wall thickness, which may be due to manufacturing tolerances, without affecting the quality of the seal formed between the semi-rigid pipe and the coupling.

[0108] Figures 13A to 13D Another sleeve 1300 is shown. The sleeve includes a first end section 1310, a second end section 1320 opposite the first end section 1310, and an intermediate section 1330 disposed between the first end section 1310 and the second end section 1320. The end sections 1310, 1320 taper to a narrower intermediate pipe section 1330. Only the semi-rigid pipe passes through the intermediate section 1330. The first end section 1310 is attached to the bypassed pipe (e.g., a lead pipe), while the second end section 1320 is attached to the coupling. The sleeve 1300 includes two half shells that are fastened to each other using fasteners (e.g., bolts passing through holes 1340). Other forms of fasteners can also be used, such as clips, adhesives, wire wrapping, etc.

[0109] Fig.14 shows that in the Figure 2 The installation process at the locations of the features identified in will not be repeated here. Fig.14 The semi-rigid pipe 100 is shown tapped through an existing pipe 304 (e.g., a buried lead water service line) extending between a house or other structure and a shutoff valve in a b-box. Fig.14 As shown, the semi-rigid duct 100 is run from the premises to the b-box. Practical considerations may dictate the direction in which the semi-rigid duct 100 is run, although there is no fundamental reason to exclude running in any direction.

[0110] Fig.15A A flow chart outlining one or more aspects of a method of installing a system described herein, which can be used, for example, to remediate contaminated drinking water, is shown.

[0111] At step S1502, water is turned off at the b-box and at the residence (or other type of building) supplied by the water main. The existing connection in the basement between the existing plumbing system in the residence and the buried lead water supply line is disconnected. The existing pipe extending between the residence and the b-box can also be referred to as the main pipe. At step S1504, water can be sucked out of the main pipe from the residence side (e.g., the basement side). A wet and dry vacuum can be used for this purpose.

[0112] At step S1506, the camera can be passed through the main pipe to determine at step S1508 whether the main pipe is considered a candidate pipe for repair using semi-rigid pipe. At step S1510, if the main pipe is not a candidate pipe, the water service is safely and securely reconnected at step S1550 and any holes that may have been created are filled at step S1552. Other means must be used to repair domestic (drinking) water lead pipe contamination.

[0113] At step S1512, if the main pipeline is a candidate pipeline, the process can proceed as follows. A minimally invasive access hole, for example, about 5 feet by 5 feet, is dug at the b-box and supported to ensure safe access. If the repair process is performed at a later time, the water that will be reconnected after the initial determination must be disconnected again from the residence and the b-box.

[0114] In step S1514, the guide is accessed from the house through the pipe to be repaired to the b-box, where the guide is connected to the cable. In step S1516, the cable is pulled into the house using the guide. In step S1518, in the house, the semi-rigid pipe is connected to the cable. In step S1520, both the cable and the semi-rigid pipe (on which lubricant is applied) are pulled through the main pipe, i.e., the pipe to be repaired. The cable and the semi-rigid pipe can be pulled manually or with equipment (e.g., a winch).

[0115] At step S1522, the semi-rigid pipe is connected to the water meter in the residence and at the b-box end. In some cases, a pipe (e.g., copper pipe) can be installed at the b-box to connect the semi-rigid pipe at the b-box end. The details of the connection are given below.

[0116] Once the connection is complete, the water is turned back on, step S1524. The semi-rigid pipe is pressurized, step S1526, and the wrap 130 around the semi-rigid pipe that holds the semi-rigid pipe in a U-shape is ruptured during insertion into the repair pipe, allowing the semi-rigid pipe to expand to fill the repair pipe. The system can then be pressure tested, step S1528, and the minimally invasive hole filled, step S1530.

[0117] At step S1532, as shown in the flowchart in FIG15B, connecting the semi-rigid pipe to the water meter (or other pipe system) in the house and to the b-box (or pipe attached to the b-box) includes sliding a compression nut on the semi-rigid pipe. At step S1534, the semi-rigid pipe is slid over the joint of the coupling. At step S1536, the compression nut is threadedly tightened onto the external threads near the proximal end of the coupling, while at step S1538, ensuring that the semi-rigid pipe is not twisted. At step S1540, a sleeve is secured from the compression nut to the repaired pipe.

[0118] It is at the discretion of the installer to place a compression nut or a flare nut on the pipe (e.g., at the b-box). If a flare nut is used, the pipe where the flare nut is placed is flared. The pipe is coupled to the coupling by tightening the nut onto the coupling.

[0119] The couplings, compression nuts, flare nuts, and sleeves can comprise metal (brass, steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, etc.), plastic, other materials suitable for plumbing installations, or any combination thereof.

[0120] Although the present disclosure uses a municipal water system that supplies water to homes through lead pipes as a non-limiting example, the present disclosure is applicable to locations other than municipalities, fluids other than water, fluid conduits other than lead pipes, and consumers other than residential and commercial structures.

[0121] Moreover, any combination of the above-described elements in all possible variations thereof is encompassed by the invention unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context.

[0122] Technical data, specifications and installation procedures

[0123] One or more aspects of the present disclosure can improve public safety and provide environmental assurance for trenchless technology applications, for example, to address the presence of lead in drinking water. These aspects can allow for robust repairs to water main laterals from the b-box to residential entry points, typically located between the curb line and the sidewalk line. Excavation can be limited to the b-box with no other dismantling of the property or site required. Semi-rigid pipe is pulled through the existing lead pipe, coupling assemblies are installed at both ends of the lead pipe, and the system is completed in a fraction of the time and cost of traditional excavation and replacement methods for lead pipe repair.

[0124] One or more aspects of the present disclosure can provide a unilateral solution for restoring clean water service to all communities, regardless of size or location. These one or more aspects of the present disclosure can provide a safer, faster method of restoring clean water service at a fraction of the high cost of removing and replacing household water lines. As a result, more communities can restore these important water resources.

[0125] Homeowners and local commercial property are protected during installation, with minimal ground disturbance. Disruption to nearby vehicular and pedestrian traffic is also reduced, and installation productivity is five to ten times greater than that of removal and replacement methods.

[0126] Technical data sheet

[0127] Product data for coupling components

[0128] The system connection components are engineered and consist of an External Connection Assembly (ECA) and an Internal Connection Assembly (ICA). These components are certified to NSF / ANSI 372 and meet the lead content requirements of the U.S. Safe Drinking Water Act for lead-free plumbing.

[0129] As shown in this document, the ECA can be a brass connection assembly that mechanically attaches to the incoming water service line at the b-box and connects the water service line from the water main to the semi-rigid pipe (SRP).

[0130] Like the ECA, the ICA is mechanically attached to the semi-rigid pipe and connected to the internal water service line within the residence. Detailed mechanical properties of the fittings used in the coupling assembly are provided in the NSF-61 certification section of this disclosure. Brass fittings are able to provide a high level of integrity to the coupling and ensure a reliable connection to the SRP.

[0131] A four-piece coupling assembly can consist of three fittings and one sleeve. Figure 4D A non-limiting example of a coupling assembly is given in In one or more aspects of the present disclosure, the sleeve may not be present.

[0132] Technical data sheet

[0133] System internal connections

[0134] NSF-61 Certification - Connecting Components

[0135] Table 1 lists products that meet the requirements of "NSF / ANSI / CAN 61-Drinking WaterSystem Components-Health Effects" as of June 21, 2022. In the table, these products are certified to NSF / ANSI372 and meet the lead content requirements for "lead-free" plumbing facilities as required by the laws of California, Vermont, Maryland, and Louisiana and the U.S. Safe Drinking Water Act. In addition to the mechanical devices listed in Table 1, water couplings and instrument flanges may be used, in which the water contact material is iron and the size is 1 / 2 to 3 inches. In addition, for the disclosed systems, methods, and components, plumbing facilities of other sizes can be used, and these plumbing facilities can be manufactured, installed, and used in any suitable size.

[0136] In the table, C stands for copper solder joint, CF stands for copper x female thread, CM stands for copper x male thread, EH stands for extra heavy, LF stands for lead free, and XXXX stands for 4 numeric characters representing the size. All low lead and lead free part numbers have a LF suffix. The term "D. Hot Water" refers to domestic hot water, defined as 60°C (140°F).

[0137] Table 1. Mechanical equipment

[0138]

[0139] In one or more aspects of the invention, the semi-rigid pipe can have a tested burst pressure greater than 500 pounds per square inch (psi). Unlike cure-in-place pipe methods, the semi-rigid pipe is installed without the use of epoxy, heat, or steam during the curing process.

[0140] Semi-rigid pipe can be cable-pulled or winched into the main water line (i.e., the water line to be bypassed, such as a lead pipe). Semi-rigid pipe can be pre-formed U-shaped pipe and taped with an outer protective tape layer to allow for multiple bends and turns in the water line as necessary. During installation, the ends of the semi-rigid pipe can be securely capped to eliminate the possibility of lead or other contaminants entering the new pipe.

[0141] The connection of the semi-rigid pipe to the system end couplings and hardware components is made at the b-box, which can be located between the curb line and the residential sidewalk. The new water service line can then be pressurized, causing the U-shaped pipe to open and expand to the inner diameter of the original pipe (e.g., lead pipe) while retaining the design pressure required for the main pipe. The completed repair can result in a new water service line with no annular space between the new service line and the old water service line. The new service line will have a lower friction value (Manning "N" value), creating a smoother pipeline for water delivery.

[0142] In one or more aspects, the semi-rigid pipe has the features of Tables 2 to 4. Table 2 contains information from the "Drinking Water System Components-Health Effects" listing of NSF / ANSI / CAN 61. Both entries are certified for equivalent metric sizes of 19.0 mm-304.8 mm. The water contact temperature code CLD indicates that the test was conducted in cold water at 23±2°C. The water contact material code PUR indicates polyurethane.

[0143] Table 2. Pipes and related products

[0144]

[0145] Table 3. Semi-rigid pipe properties

[0146]

[0147] Table 4. Additional properties of semi-rigid pipes

[0148]

[0149] Product Installation

[0150] The following installation procedure provides a step-by-step process after excavating the soil surrounding the B-box. This three-stage process includes:

[0151] Preparation and inspection phase of water service lines

[0152] Installation phase

[0153] Post-installation phase

[0154] Preparation and inspection phase of water service lines

[0155] Before removing any part of the water service line, turn the B-Box valve to the OFF position to shut off the water flow from the water main. Also turn the water inlet line valve inside the residence or building to the OFF position. Remove the existing line connections / fittings at the junction of the B-Box and the incoming water supply source inside the residence or building.

[0156] Using a cable powered CCTV micro camera unit, the entire length of the water service line (i.e., the pipe to be bypassed, e.g., lead pipe) can be video recorded. The results can be inspected to assess the condition of the lead pipe, paying particular attention to any bends, kinks, pinch points, or other obstructions that would impede repair. If the line is determined to be a viable candidate for repair, the installation process begins.

[0157] Conversely, if it is determined that the lead pipe cannot be repaired, the line can be tagged for removal and replacement. The original connections can be reinstalled and water flow reestablished at the b-box valve and end / inside water source. Water service within a residential or commercial building should be turned on and run continuously for half an hour before use to remove trace amounts of lead that may be present.

[0158] Product Installation (Continued)

[0159] Installation Phase

[0160] Remove the original connection parts

[0161] After removing the existing line connections / fittings at the connection between the b-box and the incoming water supply source within the residence or building, trace amounts of lead in the form of dust, particles and separated materials should be removed. It is recommended to vacuum the open ends of the existing plumbing lines to remove any trace amounts of lead.

[0162] Replacement of pipe installation

[0163] Using cut-to-length sections of semirigid pipe (SRP), a steel cable (e.g., 1 / 8 inch to 1 / 4 inch in diameter) can be attached to the inner end of the SRP within a residence or building. Figure 1B As shown, the coiled SRP is folded laterally into a U-shape to enable unobstructed installation through the existing lead pipe. The SRP can then be pulled manually or with a winch at the b-box to pull the new pipe in the direction of the water main, ending at the b-box valve. However, there is no fundamental reason why the SRP could not be run in the opposite direction through the existing lead pipe.

[0164] Connection of couplings

[0165] The couplings disclosed herein, including the three-piece fittings and sleeves, can be mechanically connected because there is sufficient SRP exposure at each end in the pipe. A visual inspection can be performed on each newly connected segment to ensure a good mechanical fit is achieved.

[0166] SRP Supercharged

[0167] The installation contractor can return the b-box valve to the open position, allowing water to flow freely along the entire waterline. The pressurization of the new waterline will cause the U-shaped SRP to open and expand to the original pipe diameter while maintaining the required design pressure of the main pipeline. Before backfilling the b-box, a final check can be performed to ensure that the coupling components are leak-free.

[0168] Semi-rigid pipe test data

[0169] In one or more aspects of the invention, the semi-rigid pipe can include a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomer. Tables 5 to 8 provide the results of BASF testing of Elastollan TPU. Table 5 shows the results of durability testing conducted in water at a temperature of 60°C over 9 years.

[0170] Table 5. BASF Test 1 - Product Life Cycle Analysis

[0171]

[0172]

[0173] Fig.16 Shows The graph of tensile strength changing with time.

[0174] Fig.17 Shows Product life in water (pH=7). Time to reach 20 MPa tensile strength limit (in units of 1710 days and 1720 hours) as a function of temperature.

[0175] Tables 6 to 8 show Durability results in chlorine at 23°C with concentrations of 0.5 parts per million (ppm), 5 ppm and 15 ppm. The duration of all three tests was 12 weeks.

[0176] Table 6. BASF aging test report 2 - Thermoplastic polyurethane

[0177]

[0178]

[0179] Table 7. BASF Aging Test Report 3 - Thermoplastic Polyurethane

[0180]

[0181]

[0182] Table 8. BASF Weathering Test Report 4 - Thermoplastic Polyurethane

[0183]

[0184]

[0185] To ensure health and safety, anyone installing one or more aspects of the present disclosure must ensure that material handling and site preparation are carried out in accordance with the Safety Data Sheet and installation information. Therefore, it is recommended that the assembler perform pre-installation and post-installation inspections of the coupling components and flexible pipes.

[0186] All references, including publications, patent applications, and patents, cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each reference were individually and specifically indicated to be incorporated by reference and were set forth in its entirety herein.

[0187] Unless otherwise specified herein or clearly contradictory to the context, in the context of describing the present invention (particularly in the context of the appended claims), the use of the terms "one" and "an", "said" and "at least one" and similar references should be interpreted as covering both the singular and the plural. Unless otherwise specified herein or clearly contradictory to the context, the term "at least one" followed by an entry of one or more items (e.g., "at least one of A and B") should be interpreted as referring to an entry selected from the listed entries (A or B), or any combination of two or more of the listed entries (A or B). Unless otherwise specified, the terms "include", "have", "include" and "contain" should be interpreted as open terms (i.e., meaning "including but not limited to"). Unless otherwise specified herein, the statement of the range of values ​​herein is intended only to be used as a shorthand method for individually quoting each individual value falling within the range, and similar to being individually quoted herein, each individual value is incorporated into the specification. Unless otherwise specified herein or clearly contradictory to the context, all methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order. The use of any and all examples or exemplary language (e.g., "such as") provided herein is intended only to better illustrate the present invention and will not limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise required. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating that any non-claimed element is essential to the practice of the present invention.

[0188] The preferred aspects of the present invention are described herein, including the best mode known to the inventor for implementing the present invention. After reading the above description, changes in these preferred aspects are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art. The inventor expects that skilled technicians will appropriately adopt such changes, and the inventor hopes that the present invention can be practiced in a manner different from that specifically described herein. Therefore, the present invention includes all modifications and equivalents to the subject matter described in the attached claims as allowed by applicable law. In addition, unless otherwise specified herein or clearly contradictory to the context, any combination of the above-mentioned elements in all possible variations thereof is included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A system comprising: a semi-rigid conduit comprising a flexible conduit having a first end and a second end opposite the first end, the semi-rigid conduit being configured to be disposed within a first existing conduit; A pair of coupling assemblies, including a first coupling assembly and a second coupling assembly, wherein the first coupling assembly and the second coupling assembly are respectively disposed on a first end and a second end of the semi-rigid pipe and are respectively sealingly coupled to the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe, each coupling assembly comprising: A connecting piece, the connecting piece comprising: A proximal end of the coupling, the proximal end of the coupling comprising: a fitting having a first outer diameter, the fitting being configured to be received by a friction fit and disposed within the interior of the semi-rigid pipe; and a first external thread having a diameter greater than an outer diameter of the semi-rigid pipe and disposed at a distal end of the connector; a coupling distal end disposed opposite the coupling proximal end, the coupling distal end including a second external thread and configured to form a fluid seal with one of the two other existing conduits; an intermediate section disposed between the first external thread and the second external thread and configured so that a coupling is securely held and connected by the thread; and A compression nut, the compression nut comprising: A compression nut distal end, the compression nut distal end comprising: an internal thread configured to mate with a first external thread of the coupling; and an outer surface configured to be securely retained so that the compression nut is threadedly connected to the coupling; a compression nut proximal end, the compression nut proximal end being disposed opposite to the compression nut distal end; and an inner surface that tapers inwardly from the distal end of the compression nut to the proximal end of the compression nut so that threading the compression nut to a coupling compresses the semi-rigid tubing against the fitting to form a fluid seal, wherein the system is configured to have a fluid seal from a first additional existing conduit to a second additional existing conduit, providing a passage for fluid flow between the two additional existing conduits, and Wherein "proximal" and "distal" refer to the position relative to the semi-rigid pipe.

2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a sleeve associated with each coupling assembly, each sleeve comprising: a first sleeve end configured to receive the first existing pipe and securely clamp onto the first existing pipe; as well as A second sleeve end is configured to receive and securely clamp onto a proximal end of the compression nut.

3. A system according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: At least one coupling assembly further includes a flare nut comprising: an internally threaded proximal end configured to mate with a second external thread of a corresponding coupling and sealingly connect one of the other existing pipes to the corresponding coupling distal end; and an outer surface configured to be securely retained to facilitate threading of the flare nut to the coupling member, wherein at least one of the other existing conduits includes a flared proximal end, and The coupling further comprises a distal end shaped to fit into a flared proximal end of at least one other existing pipe.

4. The system of any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the coupling, compression nut, nut, and sleeve comprises at least one of brass, steel, or plastic.

5. The system of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer surface of the joint is smooth.

6. The system of any of the preceding claims, wherein the sleeve comprises a plurality of shells that form a tubular shape when assembled, and wherein the plurality of shells are held together by a plurality of fasteners.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the fastener comprises a bolt configured to be received by complementary holes in adjacent pairs of shells.

8. The system of any preceding claim, wherein the fluid comprises water.

9. The system of any preceding claim, wherein the fluid comprises drinking water.

10. The system of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first existing pipeline comprises a toxic substance.

11. The system of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first additional existing conduit comprises a Buffalo tank of a water supply system and the second additional existing conduit comprises a water supply line in a residential or commercial building.

12. A method comprising: Providing a system according to any one of the preceding claims; passing the semi-rigid pipe through a first existing pipe; Using a respective coupling assembly of the pair of coupling assemblies, coupling the semi-rigid pipe to a respective pipe of the further existing pipe at each end of the semi-rigid pipe by: sliding compression nuts onto corresponding ends of the semi-rigid pipe; connecting the distal end of the coupling to a corresponding other existing pipeline; sliding the semi-rigid tube onto the fitting; threading the compression nut onto a coupling and compressing the semi-rigid pipe onto the fitting; and wherein the system is configured to have a fluid seal from the first further existing pipeline to the second further existing pipeline, wherein "proximal" and "distal" refer to positions relative to the semi-rigid conduit, and The system is configured to form a fluid seal from a first additional existing pipeline to a second additional existing pipeline of the two additional existing pipelines, providing a passage for fluid flow between the two additional existing pipelines.

13. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: A sleeve is provided, the sleeve comprising: a first sleeve end configured to receive and securely clamp onto a first existing pipe; and a second sleeve end configured to receive and securely clamp onto a proximal end of the compression nut; and The first sleeve end and the second sleeve end are clamped onto the first existing pipe and the proximal end of the compression nut, respectively.

14. The method according to claim 12 or claim 13, further comprising: All torsion in the semi-rigid pipe is eliminated.

15. The method of claim 12 or claim 13, further comprising at least one flared nut, the at least one flared nut comprising: an internally threaded proximal end configured to mate with a second external thread of a corresponding coupling and sealingly connect one of the other existing pipes to the corresponding coupling distal end; and an outer surface configured to be securely retained to facilitate threading the flare nut to the coupling, wherein the coupling further comprises a distal end shaped to fit into a flared proximal end of at least one other existing pipe, Wherein for at least one coupling assembly, connecting the distal end of the coupling to a corresponding other existing pipeline comprises: sliding the at least one flare nut onto a corresponding other existing pipe; flaring the proximal end of the corresponding other existing pipe; The flared proximal end of the corresponding other existing pipe is matched with the distal end of the coupling. and A flare nut is threadably connected to the distal end of the coupling.

16. A coupling assembly, comprising: A connecting piece, the connecting piece comprising: A proximal end of the coupling, the proximal end of the coupling comprising: a fitting having a first outer diameter, the fitting being configured to be received by a friction fit and disposed within the interior of the semi-rigid pipe; and a first external thread having a diameter greater than an outer diameter of the semi-rigid pipe and disposed at a distal end of the connector; A distal end of the coupling member disposed opposite to the proximal end of the coupling member, the distal end of the coupling member comprising a second external thread and configured to form a fluid seal with a first existing pipe; an intermediate section disposed between the first external thread and the second external thread and configured so that a coupling is securely held and connected by the thread; and A compression nut, the compression nut comprising: A compression nut distal end, the compression nut distal end comprising: an internal thread configured to mate with a first external thread of the coupling; and an outer surface configured to be securely retained so that the compression nut is threadedly connected to the coupling; a compression nut proximal end, the compression nut proximal end being disposed opposite to the compression nut distal end; and an inner surface that tapers from a distal end of the compression nut to a proximal end of the compression nut such that threading the compression nut to a coupling compresses the semi-rigid tubing against the fitting to form a fluid seal, wherein the coupling assembly is configured to be disposed on one end of a semi-rigid pipe and sealingly coupled to one end of the semi-rigid pipe, wherein "proximal" and "distal" refer to positions relative to the semi-rigid conduit, and The coupling assembly is configured to form a fluid seal from the semi-rigid pipe to a second existing pipe disposed therein, providing a passage for fluid flow between the semi-rigid pipe and the second existing pipe disposed at the distal end of the coupling.

17. The assembly of claim 16, further comprising a flare nut, the flare nut comprising: a proximal end having an internal thread, the proximal end having the internal thread being configured to mate with a second external thread of a corresponding coupling and sealingly connect the first existing pipe to the distal end of the coupling; and an outer surface configured to be securely retained to facilitate threading the flare nut to the coupling, wherein the first existing conduit comprises a flared proximal end, and The coupling further comprises a distal end, the shape of the distal end being adapted to fit the flared proximal end of the first existing pipe.

18. The assembly of claim 16 or claim 17, wherein the coupling, compression nut, nut and sleeve comprise at least one of brass, steel or plastic.

19. The assembly of any one of claims 16-18, wherein the outer surface of the joint is smooth.

20. The assembly of any one of claims 16-19, wherein the sleeve comprises a plurality of shells that form a tubular shape when assembled, and wherein the plurality of shells are held together by a plurality of fasteners.

21. The assembly of claim 20, wherein the fastener comprises a bolt configured to be received by complementary holes in adjacent pairs of shells.

22. The assembly of any one of claims 16-21, wherein the fluid comprises water.

23. The assembly of any one of claims 16-22, wherein the fluid comprises potable water.

24. A method comprising: A system is provided, the system being configured for fluid flow, the system comprising: a semi-rigid conduit comprising a flexible conduit having a first end and a second end opposite the first end, the semi-rigid conduit being configured to be disposed within at least one underground conduit; A pair of coupling assemblies, including a first assembly and a second assembly, the first assembly and the second assembly are respectively disposed on the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe and respectively sealingly coupled to the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe, each assembly comprising: A connecting piece, the connecting piece comprising: A proximal end of the coupling, the proximal end of the coupling comprising: a fitting having a first outer diameter, the fitting being configured to be received by a friction fit and disposed within the interior of the semi-rigid pipe; and a first external thread having a diameter greater than an outer diameter of the semi-rigid pipe and disposed at a distal end of the connector; a coupling distal end disposed opposite the coupling proximal end, the coupling distal end including a second external thread and configured to form a fluid seal with one of the two other existing conduits; an intermediate section disposed between the first external thread and the second external thread and configured so that a coupling is securely held and connected by the thread; and A compression nut, the compression nut comprising: A compression nut distal end, the compression nut distal end comprising: an internal thread configured to mate with a first external thread of the coupling; and The outer surface is configured to be firmly held so that the compression nut is threadedly connected to the coupling On the fittings; a compression nut proximal end, the compression nut proximal end being disposed opposite to the compression nut distal end; and an inner surface that tapers inwardly from the distal end of the compression nut to the proximal end of the compression nut so that threading the compression nut to a coupling compresses the semi-rigid tubing against the fitting to form a fluid seal, passing the semi-rigid conduit through the at least one underground conduit; Using a respective coupling assembly of the pair of coupling assemblies, coupling the semi-rigid pipe to a respective pipe of the further existing pipe at each end of the semi-rigid pipe by: sliding compression nuts onto corresponding ends of the semi-rigid pipe; connecting the distal end of the coupling to a corresponding other existing pipeline; sliding the semi-rigid pipe onto the fitting; and The compression nut is threaded onto the coupling, the semi-rigid pipe is compressed onto the coupling, wherein the system is configured to have a fluid seal from a first additional existing conduit to a second additional existing conduit, providing a passage for fluid flow between the two additional existing conduits, and Wherein "proximal" and "distal" refer to the position relative to the semi-rigid pipe.

25. The method according to claim 24, further comprising: A sleeve is provided, comprising: a first sleeve end configured to receive and securely clamp at least one underground pipe; and a second sleeve end configured to receive and securely clamp onto the proximal end of the compression nut; and The first sleeve end and the second sleeve end are clamped onto the at least one underground pipe and the proximal end of the compression nut, respectively.

26. The method of claim 24 or claim 25, further comprising: Eliminate all torsion in semi-rigid piping.

27. The method of claim 24 or claim 25, further comprising at least one flare nut, the at least one flare nut comprising: an internally threaded proximal end configured to mate with a second external thread of a corresponding coupling and sealingly connect one of the other existing pipes to the corresponding coupling distal end; and an outer surface configured to be securely retained to facilitate threading the flare nut to the coupling, wherein the coupling further comprises a distal end shaped to fit into a flared proximal end of at least one other existing pipe, Wherein for at least one coupling assembly, connecting the distal end of the coupling to a corresponding other existing pipeline comprises: sliding the at least one flare nut onto a corresponding other existing pipe; flaring the proximal end of the corresponding other existing pipe; Make the proximal end of the flared opening of the corresponding other existing pipe match the distal end of the coupling. and A flare nut is threadably connected to the distal end of the coupling.

28. The system of any one of claims 1-11, wherein the semi-rigid tubing comprises at least one of the following materials: cellulose acetate butyrate, ABS, PVDF, RCO, PET, polypropylene, HDPE, thermoplastic polyurethane, and PVC.

29. The method of any one of claims 12-15, wherein the semi-rigid pipe comprises at least one of the following materials: cellulose acetate butyrate, ABS, PVDF, RCO, PET, polypropylene, HDPE, thermoplastic polyurethane, and PVC.

30. The coupling assembly of any one of claims 16-23, wherein the semi-rigid tubing comprises at least one of the following materials: cellulose acetate butyrate, ABS, PVDF, RCO, PET, polypropylene, HDPE, thermoplastic polyurethane, and PVC.

31. The method of any one of claims 24-27, wherein the semi-rigid pipe comprises at least one of the following materials: cellulose acetate butyrate, ABS, PVDF, RCO, PET, polypropylene, HDPE, thermoplastic polyurethane, and PVC.

32. The system of any one of claims 1-11, wherein the fitting tapers to conform to a tapered inner surface of a compression nut.

33. The method of any one of claims 12-15, wherein the fitting tapers to conform to a tapered inner surface of a compression nut.

34. The coupling assembly of any one of claims 16-23, wherein the fitting tapers to conform to a tapered inner surface of a compression nut.

35. The method of any one of claims 24-27, wherein the fitting tapers to conform to a tapered inner surface of a compression nut.

36. A system comprising: a semi-rigid conduit comprising a flexible conduit having a first end and a second end opposite the first end, the semi-rigid conduit being configured to be disposed inside an existing lead pipe; A pair of coupling assemblies, including a first assembly and a second assembly, the first assembly and the second assembly are respectively disposed on the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe and respectively sealingly coupled to the first end and the second end of the semi-rigid pipe, each assembly comprising: A connecting piece, the connecting piece comprising: A proximal end of the coupling, the proximal end of the coupling comprising: a fitting having a first outer diameter, the fitting being configured to be received by a friction fit and disposed within the interior of the semi-rigid pipe; and a first external thread having a diameter greater than an outer diameter of the semi-rigid pipe and disposed at a distal end of the connector; a coupling distal end disposed opposite the coupling proximal end, the coupling distal end including a second external thread and configured to form a fluid seal with one of the two other existing conduits; an intermediate section disposed between the first external thread and the second external thread and configured so that a coupling is securely held and connected by the thread; and A compression nut, the compression nut comprising: A compression nut distal end, the compression nut distal end comprising: an internal thread configured to mate with a first external thread of the coupling; and an outer surface configured to be securely retained so that the compression nut is threadedly connected to the coupling; a compression nut proximal end, the compression nut proximal end being disposed opposite to the compression nut distal end; and an inner surface that tapers inwardly from the distal end of the compression nut to the proximal end of the compression nut so that threading the compression nut to a coupling compresses the semi-rigid tubing against the fitting to form a fluid seal, wherein the system is configured to have a fluid seal from a first additional existing conduit to a second additional existing conduit, providing a passage for fluid flow between the two additional existing conduits, and Wherein "proximal" and "distal" refer to the position relative to the semi-rigid pipe.

37. A super system comprising: A plurality of systems according to any one of claims 1 to 11, Adjacent systems of the plurality of systems are configured to be disposed at opposite ends of an existing piping facility and are configured to allow fluid flow from a first end of the super system to a second end of the super system.

38. The super system of claim 37, wherein the plurality of systems comprises two systems and the existing piping infrastructure comprises a b-box.

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