An electric bag filter

Abstract

The present application relates to an electric bag filter, which includes a hopper, a gasification plate assembly, and an elastic deformation column bag; the gasification plate assembly is installed on the outer wall of the hopper for guiding external compressed air to blow into the hopper; a first control valve and a second control valve are respectively installed on two side walls of the hopper that are far away from each other; both ends of the elastic deformation column bag are respectively connected to the first control valve and the second control valve; the first control valve is used to control the external compressed air to enter the elastic deformation column bag to change its shape and position, and the second control valve is connected to an external negative pressure source for controlling the extraction of gas from the elastic deformation column bag to form a negative pressure state. The present application utilizes the synergistic effect of the gasification plate assembly and the elastic deformation column bag, and through the flexible switching of the first control valve and the second control valve, the elastic deformation column bag alternates between the expanded state and the contracted state, achieving the effect of disintegrating the caked dust from the inside and the outside, and improving the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust in the hopper.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of dust collectors, and in particular to an electric bag dust collector. Background Art

[0002] An electric bag dust collector is a device that combines electrostatic precipitation and bag dust removal technologies, mainly composed of an electric field area, a bag area, a hopper, etc. In the electric field area, dust is charged and deposited through a high-voltage electric field, and in the bag area, dust is filtered through filter bags. The hopper is located at the bottom and is responsible for collecting the deposited dust. However, when the hopper heater fails, the heat preservation is poor, or the boiler heating surface leaks, causing the ash to become wet, the dust in the hopper is easily agglomerated to form a "bridging" phenomenon, which hinders the discharge of dust and even causes an electric field short circuit. At present, although it can be solved by adding air cannons, gasification plates and vibration structures on the outer wall of the hopper, etc., it is difficult for air cannons and vibration structures to effectively handle the accumulated and compacted dust, and although the gasification plate can blow the compacted dust, its fluidization effect is difficult to penetrate the dust layer, resulting in a decrease in fluidization efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to improve the fluidization efficiency of the compacted dust in the hopper, the present application provides an electric bag dust collector.

[0004] The electric bag dust collector provided by the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] An electric bag dust collector includes a hopper, a gasification plate assembly and an elastic deformation column bag; the gasification plate assembly is installed on the outer wall of the hopper for guiding the outside compressed air to blow into the hopper; a first control valve and a second control valve are respectively installed on two opposite side walls of the hopper; both ends of the elastic deformation column bag are respectively connected to the first control valve and the second control valve, and the elastic deformation column bag is used for loosening the compacted dust in the hopper; the first control valve is used for controlling the outside compressed air to enter the elastic deformation column bag to change its shape and position, and the second control valve is connected to an outside negative pressure source for controlling the extraction of gas from the elastic deformation column bag to form a negative pressure state.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, under normal working conditions, the dust in the ash hopper can be smoothly discharged, and at the same time, the elastic deformation column bags remain in a compressed state. When the dust in the ash hopper becomes caked and cannot be discharged normally, the gasification plate assembly is activated to blow compressed air into the ash hopper. Meanwhile, the first control valve is opened to allow external compressed air to enter the inside of the elastic deformation column bags, causing them to gradually expand and change positions, thus disintegrating the caked dust from the inside. The second control valve is connected to an external negative pressure source and is used to extract the gas inside the elastic deformation column bags when needed to form a negative pressure state. This design not only utilizes the synergistic effect of the gasification plate assembly and the elastic deformation column bags to improve the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust, but also enables the elastic deformation column bags to alternate between the expanded and contracted states through the flexible switching of the first control valve and the second control valve, constantly changing the position where the caked dust is blown, ensuring that the gasification plate assembly can not only initially blow the caked dust but also continuously act on the fragmented dust, effectively preventing the dust from clogging the discharge outlet of the ash hopper. In addition, the continuous deformation of the elastic deformation column bags can repeatedly squeeze the fluidized dust, accelerating the discharge process of the dust in the ash hopper, thereby improving the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust in the ash hopper.

[0007] Optionally, a plurality of blow holes are provided on the side wall of the elastic deformation column bag, and the compressed gas inside the elastic deformation bag passes through the blow holes.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the effect of injecting compressed gas into the caked dust is achieved, supplemented by the compressed gas of the gasification plate assembly, further improving the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust in the ash hopper.

[0009] Optionally, the elastic deformation column bag includes a plurality of deformation bags and a plurality of rigid support rings; the plurality of deformation bags and the plurality of rigid support rings are arranged alternately along a straight line direction; the end of the deformation bag is connected to the surface of the rigid support ring; the deformation bags at both ends of the elastic deformation column bag are respectively connected to the first control valve and the second control valve; the blow holes are provided on the rigid support ring; and a dust-proof net is provided at the position of the rigid support ring where the blow holes are located.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, by utilizing the structural characteristics of the rigid support ring, during the elastic deformation of the deformation bag, the rigid support ring maintains its structural state, enabling the blow holes to be not only protected by the dust-proof net but also reducing the risk of tearing and damage at the position of the blow holes during the deformation of the elastic deformation column bag, thus improving the service life of the elastic deformation column bag.

[0011] Optionally, the deformation bags between adjacent rigid support rings are arranged in a twisted shape in the initial state; when compressed air is injected into the elastic deformation column bag, based on its twisted shape, the deformation bags release the stress generated by the increased gas pressure through rotational or twisting actions; when the gas in the elastic deformation column bag is extracted by negative pressure, the deformation bags twist in the opposite direction of twisting during inflation to adapt to the decrease in gas pressure.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, with the twisted arrangement of the deformation bags and the opening and closing of the air intake and exhaust of the first control valve and the second control valve, when the elastic deformation column bag inflates and expands and deflates and contracts, it can release the stress generated by gas changes through rotational or twisting actions, enabling the compressed air flow at the blowing holes to continuously change, achieving the effect of rotation and cutting the caked dust with the air flow, further rapidly disintegrating the caked dust structure inside and accelerating the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust.

[0013] Optionally, cutting blades are arranged on the circumferential side of the rigid support ring.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when the elastic deformation column bag inflates and expands and deflates and contracts, the cutting blades cut the caked dust in a rotating posture, supplemented by the air flow at the blowing holes, further fragmenting the caked dust inside, thereby further improving the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust.

[0015] Optionally, the inside of the cutting blade is hollow, and the blowing holes are located inside the cutting blade; cutting air flow holes are opened at the end of the cutting blade away from the rigid support ring, and the cutting air flow holes communicate with the blowing holes.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, while improving the blockage of the blowing holes by dust, multiple blowing holes are used to blow the cutting air flow holes, reducing the risk of blockage of the cutting air flow holes and improving the fluidization effect of the compressed gas on the caked dust.

[0017] Optionally, the axis of the cutting air flow hole is on the tangent line of the cutting blade, so that when the compressed gas flows out of the air flow hole, the compressed gas acts along the tangent direction of the cutting blade to generate a rotational torque.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the effect of the cutting blade in destroying the caked dust is improved, the risk of the caked dust hindering the twisting of the deformation bag is reduced, and when the elastic deformation column bag twists, the cutting blade can smoothly cut the caked dust, thereby further improving the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust.

[0019] Optionally, the elastic deformation column bag further includes a plurality of protective cylinders. Each rigid support ring corresponds to two protective cylinders, and the two protective cylinders are respectively installed on the opposite side walls of the rigid support ring; the deformation bag is located inside the protective cylinder, and a deformation gap is left between the opposite protective cylinders.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the introduction of the protective cylinder reduces the contact area between the deformation bag and dust during the twisting process, thereby reducing the abrasion area of the caked dust and the twisted deformation bag, increasing the service life of the deformation bag, and at the same time improving the problem that the deformation bag in the twisted state is blocked from rotating by the caked dust.

[0021] Optionally, a plurality of elastic deformation column bags are provided, and the plurality of elastic deformation column bags are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the ash hopper; the first control valve and the second control valve are respectively installed at both ends of each elastic column bag.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the introduction of a plurality of elastic deformation column bags, on the one hand, improves the efficiency of disintegrating the caked dust inside and the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust. On the other hand, elastic deformation bags at different height positions can be filled with different volumes of compressed gas, realizing the advantage that the deformation amount of the elastic deformation column bags is different at different height positions of the ash hopper, matching the internal shape of the ash hopper, so that the caked dust at different height positions in the ash hopper can smoothly pass through the gradually narrowing ash hopper and be discharged smoothly.

[0023] Optionally, an elastic wear-resistant coating is provided on the surface of the elastic deformation column bag.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the service life of the elastic deformation column bag in a harsh working environment is increased.

[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] By utilizing the synergistic effect of the gasification plate assembly and the elastic deformation column bag, the elastic deformation column bag disintegrates the caked dust from the inside, and the gasification plate assembly blows compressed air into the ash hopper, improving the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust. Also, through the flexible switching of the first control valve and the second control valve, the elastic deformation column bag alternates between the expanded and contracted states, continuously changing the position where the caked dust is blown, ensuring that the gasification plate assembly can not only perform an initial blow on the caked dust but also continuously act on the fragmented dust, effectively preventing the dust from blocking the discharge port of the ash hopper. In addition, the continuous deformation of the elastic deformation column bag can repeatedly squeeze the fluidized dust, accelerating the discharge process of the dust in the ash hopper, thereby improving the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust in the ash hopper;

[0027] By using the twisting setting of the deformable bag and coordinating the opening and closing of the air supply of the first control valve and the second control valve, when the elastic deformable column bag inflates and expands and cuts off the air supply to contract, it can release the stress generated by the gas change through rotational or twisting actions, enabling the compressed air flow at the blowing holes to continuously change, achieving the effect of rotation and cutting the caked dust with the air flow, further rapidly disintegrating the caked dust structure inside and accelerating the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust;

[0028] The introduction of multiple elastic deformable column bags, on the one hand, improves the efficiency of disintegrating the caked dust inside and the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust. On the other hand, elastic deformable bags at different height positions can be filled with different volumes of compressed gas, realizing the advantage that the deformation amount of the elastic deformable column bags is different at different height positions of the hopper, matching the internal shape of the hopper, enabling the caked dust at different height positions in the hopper to smoothly pass through the gradually narrowing hopper and be discharged smoothly. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the elastic deformable column bag of Embodiment 1.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the gasification plate assembly of Embodiment 1.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram showing the changing states of the elastic deformable column bag and the gasification plate assembly of Embodiment 1 before and after introducing compressed gas.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the elastic deformable column bag of Embodiment 2.

[0034] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 An enlarged view of part A.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the elastic deformable column bag of Embodiment 3.

[0036] Figure 8 It is Figure 7 An enlarged view of part B.

[0037] Description of the Reference Numerals: 1. Housing; 2. Hopper; 3. Gasification Plate Assembly; 31. Metal Shell; 32. Silicon Carbide Gasification Plate; 33. Air Duct; 4. Elastic Deformable Column Bag; 41. Deformable Bag; 42. Rigid Support Ring; 43. Blowing Hole; 44. Protection Tube; 5. First Control Valve; 6. Second Control Valve; 7. Dust-proof Net; 8. Deformation Gap; 9. Cutting Blade; 91. Cutting Air Flow Hole. Detailed implementation mode

[0038] The following further elaborates on this application in conjunction with the attached Figure 1-8 drawings.

[0039] The embodiment of this application discloses an electric bag dust collector.

[0040] In Embodiment 1, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an electric bag dust collector includes a housing 1, a hopper 2, a gasification plate assembly 3, and an elastic deformation column bag 4. An electrostatic precipitation area and a bag dust collection area are provided inside the housing 1. The hopper 2 is fixed to the housing 1, and the hopper 2 is installed below both the electrostatic precipitation area and the bag dust collection area. The gasification plate assembly 3 is installed on the outer wall of the hopper 2 to guide the external compressed air to blow into the hopper 2. The elastic deformation column bag 4 is used to elastically deform and loosen the caked dust in the hopper 2.

[0041] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 specifically, the gasification plate assembly 3 includes a metal shell 31, a silicon carbide gasification plate 32, and an air duct 33. The metal shell 31 is bolt-sealed and connected to the outer wall of the hopper 2, and a gasification hole is provided at the corresponding position on the outer wall of the hopper 2. The silicon carbide gasification plate 32 is installed inside the metal shell 31. The two ends of the air duct 33 are respectively connected to a compressed air source and the metal shell 31, so that the external compressed air can enter the hopper 2 through the silicon carbide gasification plate 32 and the gasification hole.

[0042] Referring to Figure 2 , a plurality of elastic deformation column bags 4 are provided. The plurality of elastic deformation column bags 4 are located inside the hopper 2 and are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the hopper 2. An elastic wear-resistant coating is provided on the surface of the elastic deformation column bag 4.

[0043] Referring to Figure 4 , a first control valve 5 and a second control valve 6 are respectively installed on the two outer walls of the hopper 2 that are far away from each other. The number of the first control valve 5 and the second control valve 6 corresponds to the number of the elastic deformation column bags 4. The two ends of the elastic deformation column bag 4 are respectively connected to the first control valve 5 and the second control valve 6. The first control valve 5 is used to control the external compressed air to enter the elastic deformation column bag 4 to change its shape and position. The second control valve 6 is connected to an external negative pressure source and is used to control the extraction of gas from the elastic deformation column bag 4 to form a negative pressure state.

[0044] Referring to Figure 2, It should be noted that gasification plate assemblies 3 are provided at both ends of the elastically deformable column bags 4, that is, one elastically deformable column bag 4 corresponds to two gasification plate assemblies 3. And multiple elastically deformable column bags 4 can be horizontally arranged horizontally, inclined, or a combination of horizontal and inclined in the hopper 2. The lengths of multiple elastically deformable column bags 4 can be the same length, or can be gradually decreasing or increasing to match the lengths of different widths in the height direction of the hopper 2.

[0045] The implementation principle of Embodiment 1 is as follows: In the normal working state, the dust in the electrostatic precipitation area and the bag filter area falls into the hopper 2 and accumulates. The elastically deformable column bags 4 remain in a compressed state. The accumulated dust buries the elastically deformable column bags 4, and the ash discharge of the hopper 2 is opened at a specified time.

[0046] When it comes to the situation where the dust in the hopper 2 is caked and cannot be discharged normally, compressed air is introduced into the gasification plate assembly 3 to blow compressed air onto the caked dust inside the hopper 2. At the same time, the first control valve 5 is opened to allow external compressed air to enter the inside of the elastically deformable column bag 4, causing it to gradually expand and change its position, disintegrating the caked dust from the inside. The second control valve 6 is connected to an external negative pressure source to extract the gas inside the elastically deformable column bag 4 irregularly to form a negative pressure state. Through the flexible switching of the first control valve 5 and the second control valve 6, the elastically deformable column bag 4 alternates between the expanded and contracted states, continuously changing the position where the caked dust is blown, ensuring that the gasification plate assembly 3 can not only perform an initial blow on the caked dust but also continuously act on the fragmented dust, effectively preventing the dust from blocking the discharge port of the hopper 2. In addition, the continuous deformation of the elastically deformable column bag 4 can repeatedly squeeze the fluidized dust, accelerating the discharge process of the dust in the hopper 2, thereby improving the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust in the hopper 2.

[0047] Embodiment 2, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the elastically deformable column bag 4 includes multiple deformation bags 41 and multiple rigid support rings 42, and the multiple deformation bags 41 and the multiple rigid support rings 42 are arranged alternately along a straight line direction. The ends of the deformation bags 41 are connected to the surfaces of the rigid support rings 42. The deformation bags 41 at both ends of the elastically deformable column bag 4 are respectively connected to the first control valve 5 and the second control valve 6. And the deformation bags 41 at both ends of the elastically deformable column bag 4 are located above the position of the gasification plate assembly 3, so that the gasification plate assembly 3 can first fluidize the dust covering the deformation bags 41 at both ends of the elastically deformable column bag 4.

[0048] Referring to Figure 6, the deformation bags 41 between adjacent rigid support rings 42 are arranged in a twisted shape in the initial state. When compressed air is injected into the elastic deformation column bag 4, based on its twisted shape, the deformation bag 41 releases the stress generated by the increased gas pressure through rotational or twisting actions. When the gas in the elastic deformation column bag 4 is extracted by negative pressure, the deformation bag 41 twists in the opposite twisting direction to that during inflation to adapt to the decrease in gas pressure.

[0049] Refer to Figure 6 , a plurality of blowing holes 43 are formed through the surface of the rigid support ring 42, a dust-proof net 7 is arranged at the position of the blowing holes 43 of the rigid support ring 42, and the compressed gas in the elastic deformation bag 41 passes through the blowing holes 43.

[0050] The implementation principle of Embodiment 2 is: by utilizing the twisted arrangement of the deformation bag 41 and coordinating the opening and closing of the air of the first control valve 5 and the second control valve 6, when the elastic deformation column bag 4 inflates and expands and cuts off the air and contracts, it can release the stress generated by the gas change through rotational or twisting actions, so that the compressed air flow of the blowing holes 43 can continuously change, achieving the effect of rotating and cutting the caked dust with the air flow, further rapidly disintegrating the caked dust structure inside and accelerating the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust.

[0051] Embodiment 3, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that the elastic deformation column bag 4 further includes a plurality of protective cylinders 44, each rigid support ring 42 corresponds to two protective cylinders 44, and the two protective cylinders 44 are respectively fixed on the opposite side walls of the rigid support ring 42. The deformation bag 41 is located inside the protective cylinder 44 to form an isolation zone between the deformation bag 41 and the dust. A lubricating layer is arranged on the outer surface of the protective cylinder 44, and a deformation gap 8 is left between the opposite protective cylinders 44.

[0052] Refer to Figure 8 , the purpose of designing the protective cylinder 44 is to reduce the contact area between the deformation bag 41 and the dust during the twisting process, thereby reducing the wear area of the caked dust and the twisted deformation bag 41, improving the service life of the deformation bag 41, and at the same time improving the problem that the twisted deformation bag 41 in the twisted state is blocked by the caked dust from rotating. Of course, in order to improve the effect of the dust entering the protective cylinder 44, elastic components can also be rotatably connected between adjacent protective cylinders 44 to close the gap between adjacent protective cylinders 44.

[0053] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 8, a cutting blade 9 is fixed to the circumferential side of the rigid support ring 42. The cutting blade 9 is hollow inside, and the blowing hole 43 is located inside the cutting blade 9. A cutting air flow hole 91 is formed at the end of the cutting blade 9 away from the rigid support ring 42, and the cutting air flow hole 91 communicates with the blowing hole 43. The axis of the cutting air flow hole 91 is on the tangent line of the cutting blade 9, so that when the compressed gas flows out of the air flow hole, the compressed gas acts along the tangent direction of the cutting blade 9 to generate a rotational torque.

[0054] Referring to Figure 8 , it should be noted that the number of the cutting blades 9 can be one, or two or more. The shape of the cutting blade 9 only needs to achieve a rotational cutting effect in the caked dust, and the present application will not elaborate on this.

[0055] The implementation principle of Embodiment 3 is as follows: when the elastic deformation column bag 4 inflates and deflates after the gas is cut off, the cutting blade 9 cuts the caked dust in a rotating posture, and with the assistance of the air flow in the cutting air flow hole 91, when the elastic deformation column bag 4 twists, the cutting blade 9 cuts the caked dust, further improving the fluidization efficiency of the caked dust and reducing the risk that when the elastic deformation column bag 4 inflates, the dust in the ash hopper 2 is arched towards the electrostatic precipitation area, resulting in an electric field short circuit.

[0056] The above are all the preferred embodiments of the present application. The protection scope of the present application is not limited by this. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electric bag dust collector, characterized in that: The invention comprises an ash hopper (2), a gasification plate assembly (3) and an elastic deformation column bag (4); the gasification plate assembly (3) is installed on the outer wall of the ash hopper (2) to guide external compressed air to be sprayed into the interior of the ash hopper (2); a first control valve (5) and a second control valve (6) are respectively installed on the two side walls of the ash hopper (2) which are away from each other; the elastic deformation column bag (4) is used to loosen the dust compacted in the ash hopper (2); the first control valve (5) is used to control the external compressed air to pass into the elastic deformation column bag (4) to change its shape and position; the second control valve (6) is connected to an external negative pressure source to control the extraction of gas from the elastic deformation column bag (4) to form a negative pressure state; the elastic deformation column bag (4) comprises a plurality of deformation bags (41) and a plurality of rigid support rings (42); the plurality of deformation bags (41) and the plurality of rigid support rings (42) are alternately arranged in a straight line direction. Arrangement and setting; the end of the deformable bag (41) is connected to the surface of the rigid support ring (42); the deformable bags (41) at both ends of the elastic deformable column bag (4) are respectively connected to the first control valve (5) and the second control valve (6); the rigid support ring (42) is provided with a plurality of blowing holes (43), and the blowing holes (43) are used for the compressed gas in the deformable bag (41) to pass through; the deformable bags (41) between adjacent rigid support rings (42) are arranged in a twisted state in an initial state; when compressed air is injected into the elastic deformable column bag (4), the deformable bag (41) releases the stress generated by the increase of gas pressure through rotation or twisting action based on its twisted state; and when the gas in the elastic deformable column bag (4) is extracted by negative pressure, the deformable bag (41) twists in the opposite twisting direction to that during inflation to adapt to the reduction of gas pressure.

2. The electric bag dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cutting blade (9) is provided on the circumferential side of the rigid support ring (42).

3. The electric bag dust collector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutting blade (9) is hollow inside, and the blowing hole (43) is located inside the cutting blade (9); a cutting air flow hole (91) is provided at the end of the cutting blade (9) away from the rigid support ring (42), and the cutting air flow hole (91) is connected to the blowing hole (43).

4. The electric bag dust collector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The axis of the cutting air flow hole (91) is located on the tangent of the cutting blade (9), so that when the compressed gas is guided to flow out of the air flow hole, the compressed gas acts along the tangent direction of the cutting blade (9) to generate a rotational torque.

5. An electric bag dust collector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The elastically deformable column bag (4) also includes a plurality of protective tubes (44), each of the rigid support rings (42) corresponds to two of the protective tubes (44), and the two protective tubes (44) are respectively installed on the opposite side walls of the rigid support ring (42); the deformable bag (41) is located in the protective tube (44), and a deformation gap (8) is left between the opposite protective tubes (44).

6. The electric bag dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the elastic deformation column bags (4) are provided, and the plurality of the elastic deformation column bags (4) are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the ash hopper (2); the first control valve (5) and the second control valve (6) are respectively installed at both ends of each of the elastic deformation column bags (4).

7. The electric bag dust collector according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface of the elastic deformation column bag (4) is provided with an elastic wear-resistant coating.

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