Low-surface-energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer non-stick pan

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-surface-energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer non-stick pan which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 85-99.5 parts of Co and 0.5-15 parts of Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti or / and Fe. 0.1-2 parts by weight of silicon is added. The thickness of the low-surface-energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer ranges from 50 micrometers to 500 micrometers. And the alloy layer material is re-cladded or directly subjected to plasma spraying in a spraying manner. The surface of the low-surface-energy material cookware has an excellent anti-sticking effect, the alloy layer covers the surface of metal such as stainless steel through the plasma spraying technology, a large number of nano particle hole arrays distributed in a dispersed mode can be accumulated, and the contact area of dishes and a cookware body can be changed through the arrangement of nano holes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a non-stick pan with a low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer, which is a non-coating metal non-stick pan, and in particular to the application and preparation of a non-stick pan with an alloy layer and nano-microstructure concave pore distribution (especially polygonal concave pores) and an electric rice cooker and an electric baking pan. Background Art

[0002] Low surface energy materials refer to materials with low surface energy, which usually have the characteristics of non-stick, easy to clean, and self-lubricating. The contact angle of this type of material with water is greater than 120°, showing the characteristics of water-repellent and oil-repellent. The surface energy of low surface energy materials is low, mainly because the adsorption force of their surface molecules or structures on liquids is weak, making it difficult for liquids to spread on their surfaces. Existing low surface energy materials mainly include the following categories: Fluorine-containing low surface energy materials: This type of material reduces the surface energy by introducing fluorine atoms into the polymer chain. For example, the surface energy of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is about 20mN / m. Low surface energy drag reduction coating: Mainly used for hydrophobic drag reduction and coating drag reduction, and the drag reduction effect is achieved by reducing the shear stress of the fluid on the wall. Antifouling coating: Utilizes the characteristics of low surface energy materials to prevent fouling from adhering to their surface, and is suitable for ships, marine engineering and other fields.

[0003] Low surface energy materials are widely used in many fields: Marine engineering: used in docks, bridges, offshore platforms, etc. to prevent marine organisms from attaching and reduce friction resistance. Shipbuilding: reduce navigation resistance, prevent fouling from attaching, and improve navigation efficiency. Ice and snow sports: used in skis, ice skates, etc. to reduce friction and improve sports performance.

[0004] The existing preparation process of low surface energy materials usually includes fluorine-containing resin, epoxy resin, compound curing agent and other ingredients. These materials have good weather resistance, lubricity and environmental protection, and have broad market prospects. With the development of marine engineering and shipbuilding industry, the demand for low surface energy materials has increased year by year, and they have great market application prospects. However, low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer non-stick pans have not been disclosed.

[0005] CN201710462896.9 Alumina ceramic pot body and preparation method thereof, ceramic inlaid metal inner pot and cooking utensils, wherein a microporous structure is formed on the inner surface of the alumina ceramic pot body, and the depth of the microporous structure is less than the thickness of the alumina ceramic pot body. The ceramic inlaid metal inner pot comprises a ceramic layer (1) as an inner layer, a metal layer (3) as an outer layer, and a heat conducting layer (2) located between the ceramic layer (1) and the metal layer (3), wherein a microporous structure is formed on the inner surface of the ceramic layer (1), and the depth of the microporous structure is less than the thickness of the alumina ceramic pot body. It is generally believed that a metal shovel should be avoided when using the pot, and a metal brush should be avoided when cleaning.

[0006] The alloy layer is a material that is harmless to human health, has stable chemical properties, and has better temperature resistance. The applicant has applied for an electric baking pan, application number CN2023232150967, but the alloy layer or the non-stick pan with a microstructured polygonal hole has a better application effect. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-stick pan with uncoated metal, especially a non-stick pan with low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer, which can have a nano-microstructure concave pore distribution, is a low-cost prepared spray-type alloy non-stick pan and various cookware.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a non-stick pan with a low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer, the cobalt alloy material composition: Co content is 85-99.5 parts by weight, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti or / and Fe content is 0.5-15 parts by weight. The present invention is a non-stick pan with a cobalt-based metal and an alloy material combined with Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti or / and Fe cobalt to form the surface layer of the pan, especially a non-stick pan with a low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer formed after plasma spraying on the pan body;

[0009] Add appropriate amount of silicon, 0.1-2 parts by weight.

[0010] The thickness of the alloy layer is 50μm-500μm, especially 80μm-200μm. The effect of spraying and then melting or directly plasma spraying the alloy layer is better. The sprayed alloy layer has a nanostructure and can be sprayed with 1-80μm, especially 3-30μm particle size powder, and plasma spraying; when plasma is sprayed on any workpiece surface, Ar atmosphere protection can be used. Low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layers have excellent anti-sticking applications on cookware.

[0011] The application of low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer non-stick pans in cookware, etc. The sprayed alloy layer has a nano-micro structure and can be sprayed with powder with a particle size of 1-80μm, especially 3-30μm, and plasma sprayed; when plasma is sprayed on any workpiece surface, inert atmosphere such as Ar gas can be used for protection.

[0012] The sprayed (after melt spraying) alloy layer contains nanopores, and the diameter of the nanopores is 100-1500 nanometers;

[0013] The metal pot body is provided with evenly distributed elliptical or polygonal concave holes, the maximum size of the elliptical or polygonal holes is 0.3-1.2 mm, the size of the protrusions between the elliptical or polygonal holes is 0.1-0.6 mm, and the evenly distributed elliptical or polygonal concave holes are covered with an alloy layer.

[0014] The metal pot body (the surface in contact with food) is provided with evenly distributed elliptical or polygonal concave holes; the elliptical or polygonal holes are in a parallel array or a staggered array; the surface material of the metal pot body can be stainless steel, iron or even titanium; composite materials are also acceptable.

[0015] The concave holes are arranged in a parallel array or a staggered array; the hole depth is between 0.2 and 0.5 mm.

[0016] The pot is divided into several small areas, each of which is provided with an elliptical or polygonal hole.

[0017] The total area of ​​the elliptical or polygonal holes accounts for more than 50% of the entire area.

[0018] The direction of the small-area elliptical or polygonal hole is perpendicular to the direction of the adjacent elliptical or polygonal hole.

[0019] The stainless steel pot body can be compounded with an aluminum heat-conducting layer.

[0020] The longitudinal section of the elliptical or polygonal concave hole is wavy.

[0021] The spacing between polygonal holes is large, and the raised area of ​​the rib is smaller than the concave area, making it easier to process.

[0022] The maximum size of the highest protrusions between adjacent polygonal holes and the lowest concave arcs of the polygonal holes does not exceed 500 microns.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The surface of the low surface energy material cookware of the present invention has excellent anti-stick effect. By covering the alloy layer on the metal surface of stainless steel and the like through plasma spraying technology, a large number of dispersed nano-particle hole arrays and the setting of nano-holes can be accumulated to change the contact area between the food and the pot body. The holes contain oil and water, which reduces the heat directly transferred from the pot body to the food, and avoids the food from sticking due to excessive temperature. In addition, the polygonal hole array and the circular hole have good effects. The area of ​​the concave hole will be larger than the circular hole. The oil and water in the pot can be constrained in the concave hole, and the surface tension can be constrained, so as to achieve an unexpectedly good non-stick effect of the alloy layer and achieve the effect of the existing fluorine-coated non-stick material. The inner surface of the stainless steel metal pot body does not need to be made into an anti-stick film layer, which is the original ecology of stainless steel + spraying. Even if the high temperature is fried and the pot is burned empty, the alloy layer pressing the non-stick pot will not release any toxic substances and gases, and will not pollute the food being cooked and the kitchen environment, making cooking safer. Since the spraying of the present invention is alloy spraying, it is not easy to have excessive elements folded out, ensuring the sanitation and safety of the pot. The cookware with nano-scale pores will absorb air and grease during actual use, and will generate hot air and oil mist during the heating process, while holding up the food. The fluff effect achieved by the nipple structure reduces the friction between the food and the inner surface of the pot body. Without adding chemical coatings, the non-stick effect is achieved by physical means, allowing consumers to cook food more healthily. The present invention is not afraid of metal spatulas when in use, and can be cleaned with a metal brush; the non-stick performance reaches the first-level non-stick (such as frying more than 50 eggs continuously without oil or a small amount of oil). In particular, the use effect of the material is better when plasma spraying is used. These features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in detail in the following specific embodiments and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the densely arranged distribution of rectangular concave holes in the pot body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the dense arrangement and distribution of hexagonal concave holes in the pot body according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same objects.

[0027] Coated metal non-stick pan: Plasma melt spraying technology is used to spray alloy materials on the surface of stainless steel or iron plate. Figure 1-Figure 2The metal pot body can be made of a uniform heat layer (with a composite aluminum layer), a metal pot body, especially stainless steel or iron; this embodiment relates to the application of an alloy layer pressed non-stick pan, and evenly distributed polygonal holes 1 with consistent depth are better, and the distribution of the polygonal holes can also be denser at the bottom of the pot than at the edge of the pot; there are protrusions 2 between adjacent polygonal holes.

[0028] The treatment of the metal pot body, such as cleaning surface treatment, frosting (coarse sand frosting for surface treatment to increase the roughness of the metal surface) or first shot peening and then cleaning and then direct plasma spraying technology uses a non-transferred plasma arc as a heat source to heat the metal or alloy powder material to a molten or semi-molten state, and atomizes it through a high-speed flame flow and accelerates it to the pre-treated workpiece surface to form a strong porous structure alloy spray coating. Cobalt metal or alloy layer alloy powder material spherical powder, cobalt alloy material preparation: according to the following alloy component embodiment of the material weight ratio.

[0029] After smelting, it is dispersed into powder under an inert gas protective atmosphere. The preparation of alloy materials usually adopts vacuum induction furnace smelting, or even vacuum induction smelting plus vacuum consumable furnace or electric slag furnace remelting. Refer to the smelting of nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) alloy, that is, nickel-based heat-resistant alloy.

[0030] The content of Co is 85-99.5 parts by weight, and the content of Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti or / and Fe is 0.5-15 parts by weight. The present invention is a non-stick pan with a surface layer of a pan made of a metal mainly composed of cobalt and an alloy material combined with Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti or / and Fe, especially a low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer formed by plasma spraying on the pan body;

[0031] Cobalt component embodiment 1: Co content is 99.5 parts by weight, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti or / and Fe content is 0.5 parts by weight, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti and Fe content is 0.5 parts by weight, 0.5 parts by weight can be impure symbiotic metal of cobalt, when plasma spraying the pot body, Ar gas can be used with hydrogen gas 1:1 volume ratio atmosphere protection. 100% anti-sticking effect, basically reaching the anti-sticking level of Teflon pot.

[0032] Alloy composition example 2: Co content is 95 weight parts, Cr content is 1 weight part; Mo content is 3 weight parts, Ni content is 1 weight part to form the alloy layer material composition, and Ar gas atmosphere is used for plasma spraying on the pot body. 95% anti-sticking effect.

[0033] Alloy composition example 3: Co content is 93 parts by weight, Ni, Mn, Cr or Fe are 6 parts by weight; alloy layer material composition: Ar gas protection is used during plasma spraying of the pot body. 93% anti-sticking effect.

[0034] Alloy composition example 4: Co content is 90 parts by weight, Ni, Mn, Cr or Fe are 6 parts by weight; Alloy layer material composition: Ar gas protection is used during plasma spraying of the pot body. 90% anti-sticking effect.

[0035] Alloy composition example 5: Co content is 89 parts by weight, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti or Fe content is 2 parts by weight; Ar gas protection is used when plasma spraying the pot body. 85% anti-sticking effect.

[0036] Alloy composition example 6: Co content is 85 parts by weight, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti or Fe content is 4 parts by weight; carbon dioxide protection is used when plasma spraying the pot body. 80% anti-sticking effect.

[0037] Alloy composition example 7: Co content is 98 weight parts, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti and Fe content of two or three is 5 weight parts; Cr content is 14 weight parts; Mo content is 22 weight parts, Ni 2 weight parts; Carbon dioxide protection is used when plasma spraying the pot body. 95% anti-sticking effect.

[0038] Alloy composition example 8: Co content is 96 parts by weight, Cr content is 8 parts by weight, Fe is 4 parts by weight, Ar gas and hydrogen gas atmosphere protection is used when plasma spraying the pot body. 93% anti-sticking effect.

[0039] Alloy composition example 9: Co content is 93 parts by weight, Cr content is 12 parts by weight; Mo content is 26 parts by weight, Ni is 2 parts by weight. Carbon dioxide protection is used when plasma spraying the pot body. 93% anti-sticking effect.

[0040] Alloy composition embodiment 10: Co content is 85 parts by weight, Cr content is 15 parts by weight; carbon dioxide protection is used when plasma spraying the pot body. 70% anti-sticking effect.

[0041] In alloy composition examples 2-5: silicon is added, each at 0.4 or 1 part by weight; a similar anti-sticking effect is achieved;

[0042] In alloy composition examples 6-10: silicon is added, with a total of 0.8 or 2 parts by weight. The effect is better after addition.

[0043] When plasma is spraying on the pot body, atmosphere protection such as Ar, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen is used.

[0044] Plasma spraying technology uses a rigid non-transferred plasma arc as a heat source to heat the alloy powder material to a molten or semi-molten state, and atomizes it through a high-speed flame flow and accelerates it to spray onto the pre-treated workpiece surface to form a firm spray coating. The coating has high thermal conductivity and can accumulate a large number of dispersed nanoparticles. This composite structure can adjust the coating and enhance the vibration resistance and thermal shock resistance of the coating.

[0045] The alloy layer nanostructured polygonal hole non-stick pan comprises a metal pan body, and the metal pan body is provided with uniformly distributed polygonal holes on the surface in contact with food; and comprises an outer stainless steel layer, and the surface of the stainless steel layer is provided with polygonal holes in a parallel array or a radial (radial) array, and in particular, the pan is divided into several small areas, and each small area polygonal hole is a parallel line array polygonal hole. The area of ​​each small area can be 20-100 square centimeters; if there is no small area, it can also be a concentric circle structure polygonal hole, or a radial (radial) polygonal hole.

[0046] The longitudinal section of the polygonal hole is wavy; the maximum size of the elliptical or polygonal hole can be 0.3-1.2mm, the polygonal hole spacing (rib width between polygonal holes) is 0.1-0.6mm, 0.3-0.5mm is better; the polygonal hole depth is 0.2-0.5mm, especially 0.3-0.4mm.

[0047] The spacing between polygonal holes is large, and the raised area of ​​the rib is smaller than the concave area, making it easier to process.

[0048] In a further solution, the rib width of the polygonal hole can be 300, 400, or 500 microns. The polygonal hole is pressed by a mold made of hard alloy through a pressure device, and the polygonal hole and the pot body are both hardened layer structures; a mold with uniformly distributed convex ribs is made of hard alloy, and pressed on the pot body plate to form a uniform polygonal hole distribution on the pot body.

[0049] The total area of ​​the polygonal holes accounts for a large proportion of the entire area, generally greater than 50%, which can ensure the physical non-stick performance of the entire non-stick pan and the service life of the pan.

[0050] Use 304 stainless steel as the surface of the pot body, which is the contact surface with the food, steel-aluminum composite or steel-aluminum-steel composite (referred to as three-layer steel, of course the purpose is to reduce weight and conduct temperature more evenly). 316 stainless steel is better, and iron pots can also be used.

[0051] Furthermore, the upper convex arc of the wave shape (the raised ribs between adjacent polygonal holes, namely the polygonal frame) is narrower than the lower concave arc (the polygonal hole itself); that is, the area of ​​the polygonal frame is smaller than the area of ​​the polygonal concave hole.

[0052] One of the cores of this application is that the area (raised part) that holds up the food accounts for only 30-50% of the total area of ​​the pot body (bottom); especially 30-45%; it has good anti-stick performance, and the surface of the pot can be processed by sanding (grinding), polishing, etc. after ion spraying to reduce the roughness of the inner surface of the pot body, reduce the friction between the food and the inner surface of the pot body, make the flipping of the shovel smoother when frying dishes, and the non-stick effect basically reaches the level of the new PTFE Teflon coating application. In particular, the manufacturing cost is low, which is half the manufacturing cost of other functional non-stick pans.

[0053] The invention is applied to sanding (grinding) and polishing surfaces.

[0054] The pot body is in a concave pot shape, which is formed by pressing a flat plate with a hydraulic press. The pot body will be connected to a pot handle. The back of the stainless steel is composited with an aluminum layer. When a composite pot body is used, the thickness of the stainless steel is about 0.5-1mm, and the aluminum layer is about 1.5mm; stainless steel or titanium and aluminum plates can be composited by pressing or explosion.

[0055] Preparation of polygonal holes: An alloy mold with uniform polygonal hole protrusions is used, and the stainless steel pot surface is pressed by the mold and a press to form polygonal holes. The polygonal hole mold can also be prepared by electrochemical methods.

[0056] Polygonal hole arrays such as triangles, rectangles, squares, pentagons, hexagons, and octagons and nanopores can be prepared by plate etching methods or mold imprinting methods. The nanopores are especially made by pressing abrasives (dry materials or slurries) with a size of 30-300nm (500nm is also possible) nanometer-scale, and the pot surface is better nitrided.

[0057] The present invention can be used not only for various cooking pots, but also for electric baking pans and electric rice cookers.

[0058] Application of electric baking pan: The electric baking pan with alloy layer nanostructured polygonal hole non-stick layer comprises upper and lower heating plates, pot bodies and surfaces, and heating components, wherein the heating components are arranged inside the upper or / and lower heating plates, and the upper and lower heating plates are respectively mounted on the upper cover and the base; the structure of the pot body and surface is that the lower surface of the upper heating plate and the upper surface of the lower heating plate have evenly distributed protrusions, and the upper and lower heating plates are made of stainless steel or aluminum composite metal material as the pot surfaces of the upper and lower heating plates. The portion of the pot surface that contacts the food is the alloy layer nanostructured polygonal hole non-stick pan (layer).

[0059] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and intent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer non-stick pan, cobalt alloy material composition, characterized by: The content of Co is 85 to 99.5 parts by weight, and the content of Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti and / or Fe is 0.5 to 15 parts by weight.

2. The low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer non-stick pan according to claim 1, characterized in that: Add silicon, 0.1-2 parts by weight.

3. The low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer non-stick pan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer is 50μm-500μm; the alloy layer material is re-clad in the form of spraying or directly plasma sprayed.

4. The low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer non-stick pan according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The thickness of the cobalt alloy material layer is 80 μm-200 μm.

5. The non-stick pan with low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Plasma spraying alloy layer powder, 1-80μm.

6. The low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer non-stick pan according to claim 5, characterized in that: Powder spraying with particle size of 3-30μm.

7. The low surface energy cobalt and cobalt alloy material layer non-stick pan according to claim 6, characterized in that: The metal pot body is provided with evenly distributed elliptical or polygonal concave holes, the maximum size of the elliptical or polygonal holes is 0.3-1.2 mm, the size of the protrusions between the elliptical or polygonal holes is 0.1-0.6 mm, and the evenly distributed elliptical or polygonal concave holes are covered with an alloy layer.

8. The non-stick pan according to claim 6, characterized in that: The concave holes are arranged in a parallel array or a staggered array; the hole depth is between 0.2 and 0.5 mm.

9. The non-stick pan according to claim 6, characterized in that: The total area of ​​the elliptical or polygonal holes accounts for more than 50% of the entire area.

10. The non-stick pan according to claim 6, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the elliptical or polygonal concave hole is wavy; the sprayed alloy layer contains nanopores, and the diameter of the nanopores is 100-1500 nanometers.

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