Braking method and system of water-turbine generator set

Abstract

The invention discloses a braking method and system of a water-turbine generator set, and relates to the technical field of the hydropower industry. The braking method of the water-turbine generator set comprises the steps that when the water-turbine generator set is in a tail water discharging state, braking time sequence data are continuously obtained, data analysis is conducted respectively, an operation stability index, an environment correction index and an abnormal discharging index of each time point are obtained, comprehensive analysis is conducted, and a braking index of each time point is obtained; comprehensively analyzing the braking index at each time point to obtain a comprehensive braking index change rate of the water-turbine generator set to be braked; compared with the prior art, the comprehensive braking index change rate and the preset comprehensive braking index change rate threshold interval are compared and analyzed, and the corresponding braking measures are taken based on the comparison and analysis result, so that fine changes under the complex working condition are comprehensively and dynamically captured, the braking opportunity is accurately recognized, excessive or insufficient braking control is avoided, and the braking efficiency is improved. And therefore, the braking accuracy and real-time performance are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower industry, and in particular to a braking method and system for a hydro-generator set. Background Art

[0002] The turbine generator set is one of the core equipment of modern hydropower stations and is widely used in the process of converting water energy into electrical energy. Its working principle is to use the kinetic energy or potential energy of water flow to drive the turbine to rotate, and then drive the generator to generate electricity. The turbine generator set usually includes core components such as turbines, generators, speed governors, control systems, etc. Its operating status directly affects the power generation efficiency, equipment life and environmental impact of the hydropower station. In the actual operation process of the turbine generator set, the turbine generator set not only undertakes the task of power generation, but also needs to strictly control the tail water, factory buildings, and leakage and drainage of the power plant. For example: when the tail water discharge is abnormal, the turbine generator set needs to be braked to avoid pollution caused by the discharged tail water.

[0003] The prior art, such as a patent application with the publication number CN117005981A, discloses a method, device, equipment and medium for controlling the braking of a hydro-turbine generator set, wherein the method includes: in response to receiving a signal for putting the wind gate into operation, determining whether the hydro-turbine generator set needs to put the brake wind gate into operation; in the case of determining that the hydro-turbine generator set needs to put the brake wind gate into operation, first inflating the lower chamber of the brake wind gate to put the brake wind gate into operation; in response to receiving a first speed signal, after a first waiting time, first exhausting the lower chamber of the brake wind gate to exit the brake wind gate. Thus, in the case of receiving a signal for putting the wind gate into operation, determining whether the hydro-turbine generator set needs to put the brake wind gate into operation is performed, so that the brake wind gate is put into operation when it is needed, rather than directly putting the brake wind gate into operation when the wind gate into operation signal is received, which can effectively avoid the wrong putting of the brake wind gate into operation, and improve the putting and withdrawing locking logic of the brake wind gate.

[0004] Based on the above scheme, it is found that the limitations of the existing technology include at least the following problems: the existing technology fails to make flexible adjustments to the fluctuations of the actual operating status, such as tailwater discharge, and lacks a comprehensive analysis of the operating status of the unit. It fails to fully consider the dynamic impact of multi-dimensional factors such as operating timing and environmental conditions, resulting in insufficient accuracy of braking control decisions and difficulty in responding to complex operating conditions in a timely manner, which in turn leads to an overly mechanized braking process. When the operating environment is abnormal or the operating conditions are complex, it will cause problems such as braking delay or excessive braking, which is not conducive to ensuring the operating safety and stability of the hydro-turbine generator set. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a braking method and system for a hydro-turbine generator set, which solves the problems that the prior art fails to flexibly adjust to fluctuations in actual operating conditions and lacks comprehensive analysis of the unit's operating conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a braking method for a hydro-turbine generator set, comprising the following steps: when the hydro-turbine generator set is in tailwater discharge, continuously acquiring braking timing data, the power generation braking timing data including operation timing data, environmental timing data, and tailwater discharge timing data; performing data analysis on the braking timing data of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked, respectively, obtaining the operation stability index, environmental correction index, and discharge abnormality index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked at each time point, and performing comprehensive analysis to obtain the braking index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked at each time point; performing comprehensive analysis on the braking index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked at each time point, and obtaining the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked; comparing and analyzing the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked with a preset comprehensive braking index change rate threshold interval, and taking corresponding braking measures based on the comparison and analysis results; wherein, the specific formula for calculating the braking index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked at each time point is as follows: Among them, DzS i is the braking index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, YxW i is the operation stability index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, α1 is the operation coefficient stored in the database, HjY i is the environmental correction index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, α2 is the environmental coefficient stored in the database, PyC i is the discharge anomaly index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, α3 is the discharge coefficient stored in the database, α1+α2+α3=1, i=1, 2, 3, …, i0, i0 is the number of time points, and e is a natural constant.

[0007] Furthermore, the operating time series data include the unit rotor temperature value, output torque value, shaft diameter pressure value, unit rotor axial force value, water flow pressure disturbance intensity value, turbulence intensity value, and water flow energy difference value at each time point; the environmental time series data include the external humidity value, external temperature value, external electromagnetic interference value, and external suspended matter concentration value at each time point; and the tail water discharge time series data include the discharge pressure value, discharge chromaticity value, discharge sand content value, discharge dissolved gas ratio, and discharge pollution index at each time point.

[0008] Furthermore, the specific steps for obtaining the operation stability index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point are as follows: obtaining the unit rotor temperature reference value, output torque reference value, shaft diameter pressure reference value, unit rotor axial force reference value, water flow pressure disturbance intensity reference value, turbulence intensity reference value, and water flow energy difference reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked; the unit rotor temperature reference value, output torque reference value, shaft diameter pressure reference value, unit rotor axial force reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked, and the unit rotor temperature value, output torque value, shaft diameter pressure value, and unit rotor axial force value at each time point. A comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the unit fault index of the hydraulic generator set to be braked at each time point; and a comprehensive analysis is performed on the water flow pressure disturbance intensity reference value, turbulence intensity reference value, water flow energy difference reference value and the water flow pressure disturbance intensity value, turbulence intensity value and water flow energy difference value of the hydraulic generator set to be braked at each time point to obtain the water flow stability index of the hydraulic generator set to be braked at each time point; and a comprehensive analysis is performed on the unit fault index and water flow stability index of the hydraulic generator set to be braked at each time point to obtain the operation stability index of the hydraulic generator set to be braked at each time point.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific formula for calculating the unit fault index and operation stability index of the hydro-generator unit to be braked at each time point is as follows: Among them, FS i is the unit fault index of the hydro-generator unit to be braked at the i-th time point, JW i is the unit rotor temperature value at the i-th time point of the hydro-generator unit to be braked, CW is the unit rotor temperature reference value of the hydro-generator unit to be braked, β1 is the rotor temperature coefficient stored in the database, SN i is the output torque value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, CJ is the output torque reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked, β2 is the torque coefficient stored in the database, ZY i is the shaft diameter pressure value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, CY is the shaft diameter pressure reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked, β3 is the shaft diameter coefficient stored in the database, ZL i is the rotor axial force value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, CL is the rotor axial force reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked, β4 is the axial force coefficient stored in the database, YW i is the operation stability index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, δ1 is the load factor stored in the database, SL i is the water flow stability index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, δ2 is the water flow coefficient stored in the database, δ1+δ2=1, i=1, 2, 3, …, i0, i0 is the number of time points, and e is a natural constant.

[0010] Furthermore, the specific steps for obtaining the environmental correction index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point are as follows: obtaining the external humidity reference value and the external temperature reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked; normalizing the external humidity reference value and the external temperature reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked, as well as the external humidity value, the external temperature value, the external electromagnetic interference value, and the external suspended matter concentration value at each time point; and comprehensively analyzing the normalized external humidity reference value and the external temperature reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked, as well as the external humidity value, the external temperature value, the external electromagnetic interference value, and the external suspended matter concentration value at each time point to obtain the environmental correction index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific steps for obtaining the discharge anomaly index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point are as follows: obtaining the discharge pressure reference value, discharge chromaticity reference value, discharge dissolved gas ratio reference value, and discharge pollution reference index of the hydro-generator set to be braked; and standardizing the discharge pressure reference value, discharge chromaticity reference value, discharge dissolved gas ratio reference value, and discharge pollution reference index of the hydro-generator set to be braked, as well as the discharge pressure value, discharge chromaticity value, discharge sand content value, discharge dissolved gas ratio value, and discharge pollution index at each time point; and comprehensively analyzing the discharge pressure reference value, discharge chromaticity reference value, discharge dissolved gas ratio reference value, and discharge pollution reference index of the hydro-generator set to be braked after the standardization, as well as the discharge pressure value, discharge chromaticity value, discharge sand content value, discharge dissolved gas ratio value, and discharge pollution index at each time point, to obtain the discharge anomaly index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific formula for calculating the discharge abnormality index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point is as follows: Among them, PyC i is the discharge anomaly index of the turbine generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, PyL i ′ is the discharge pressure value of the turbine generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, CpY′ is the discharge pressure reference value of the turbine generator set to be braked after standardized processing, η1 is the discharge pressure coefficient stored in the database, PyS i ′ is the emission chromaticity value of the turbine generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, CpS′ is the emission chromaticity reference value of the turbine generator set to be braked after standardized processing, η2 is the chromaticity coefficient stored in the database, PhS i ′ is the discharged sediment content value of the turbine generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, η3 is the sediment content coefficient stored in the database, PrQ i′ is the emission dissolved gas ratio of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, CrQ′ is the emission dissolved gas ratio reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked after standardized processing, η4 is the dissolved gas coefficient stored in the database, PcB i ′ is the emission pollution index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, CpB′ is the emission pollution reference index of the hydro-generator set to be braked after standardized processing, η5 is the pollution coefficient stored in the database, η1+η2+η3+η4+η5=1, i=1, 2, 3, …, i0, i0 is the number of time points.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific steps for obtaining the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-generator set to be braked are as follows: performing a change analysis on the braking index at each time point of the hydro-generator set to be braked to obtain the braking index change rate of several groups of adjacent time points of the hydro-generator set to be braked; and performing a comprehensive analysis on the braking index change rate of several groups of adjacent time points of the hydro-generator set to be braked to obtain the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-generator set to be braked.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific steps of taking corresponding braking measures based on the comparison and analysis results are as follows: if the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked is lower than the preset lower limit of the comprehensive braking index change rate threshold interval, the hydro-turbine generator set will not be braked; if the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked is within the preset comprehensive braking index change rate threshold interval, the first braking measure is taken; if the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked is higher than the preset upper limit of the comprehensive braking index change rate threshold interval, the second braking measure is taken.

[0015] A braking system of a hydro-generator set comprises: a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, a comprehensive analysis module and a braking judgment module; the data acquisition module is used to continuously acquire braking timing data when the hydro-generator set is in tailwater discharge, and the power generation braking timing data comprises operation timing data, environment timing data and tailwater discharge timing data; the data analysis module is used to respectively perform data analysis on the braking timing data of the hydro-generator set to be braked, obtain the operation stability index, environment correction index and discharge abnormality index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point, and perform comprehensive analysis to obtain the braking index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point; the comprehensive analysis module is used to perform comprehensive analysis on the braking index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point, and obtain the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-generator set to be braked; the braking judgment module is used to compare and analyze the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-generator set to be braked with a preset comprehensive braking index change rate threshold interval, and take corresponding braking measures based on the comparison and analysis results.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The braking method of the hydro-turbine generator set continuously obtains braking timing data and conducts comprehensive analysis when the hydro-turbine generator set is in tailwater discharge, so as to accurately obtain the braking index and its change rate at each time point, thereby comprehensively reflecting the operating status of the hydro-turbine generator set, thereby dynamically capturing subtle changes under complex working conditions and avoiding excessive or insufficient braking control, thereby improving the accuracy and real-time performance of braking, and at the same time ensuring the operating safety and stability of the hydro-turbine generator set.

[0018] (2) The braking method of the hydro-turbine generator set analyzes the multi-dimensional data of the operating sequence, environmental sequence and tailwater discharge sequence, thereby realizing a comprehensive calculation based on the operating stability index, environmental correction index and discharge abnormality index, thereby improving the scientific nature of the braking decision and effectively responding to complex situations such as environmental changes and discharge abnormalities, thereby reducing equipment loss and extending the service life of the hydro-turbine generator set.

[0019] (3) The braking method of the hydro-turbine generator set adopts different braking measures flexibly by comparing the comprehensive braking index change rate with the threshold range, thereby ensuring that the braking mode can match the actual operating state, thereby reducing the braking delay or misjudgment problem caused by environmental abnormalities or emission fluctuations, and optimizing the operating efficiency, thereby providing an efficient solution for the braking of the hydro-turbine generator set under complex working conditions.

[0020] (4) The braking system of the hydro-turbine generator set realizes closed-loop control of the intelligent braking process through continuous data collection by the data acquisition module, precise data processing by the analysis module, and the coordinated effect of the comprehensive analysis module and the braking judgment module. It has higher adaptability and scalability, and can be customized according to the characteristics or operating environment of different hydro-turbine generator sets, thereby meeting the braking requirements under various complex working conditions, thereby significantly improving the breadth and flexibility of application.

[0021] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a braking method for a hydro-generator set.

[0023] Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of the steps of obtaining the operation stability index of a hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point in a braking method of the hydro-generator set.

[0024] Figure 3 The present invention is a block diagram of a braking system of a hydro-generator set. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The overall idea of ​​the problem in the embodiment of this application is as follows:

[0026] When the hydro-turbine generator set is in the tailwater discharge state, the braking timing data is continuously acquired, including the operation timing data, the environmental timing data and the tailwater discharge timing data, and the data are analyzed respectively to obtain the operation stability index, the environmental correction index and the discharge abnormality index at each time point, and these indicators are comprehensively analyzed to obtain the braking index at each time point, and then the braking index at each time point is analyzed to obtain the comprehensive braking index change rate, and compared and analyzed in combination with the preset comprehensive braking index change rate threshold range, and corresponding braking measures are taken according to the analysis results to achieve efficient control of the hydro-turbine generator set.

[0027] See also Figure 1The embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: a braking method for a hydro-turbine generator set, comprising the following steps: when the hydro-turbine generator set is in tailwater discharge, continuously obtaining braking time series data (in this embodiment, the time point interval is 5 minutes, and the braking time series data is data for judging whether the hydro-turbine generator set needs braking), the power generation braking time series data includes operation time series data, environmental time series data, and tailwater discharge time series data; respectively analyzing the braking time series data of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked, obtaining the operation stability index, environmental correction index, and discharge abnormality index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked at each time point, and performing comprehensive analysis to obtain the braking index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked at each time point (i.e., comprehensively measuring whether the hydro-turbine generator set needs braking operation when in operation); comprehensively analyzing the braking index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked at each time point, obtaining the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked; comparing and analyzing the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked with the preset comprehensive braking index change rate threshold interval, and taking corresponding braking measures based on the comparison and analysis results; wherein, the specific formula for calculating the braking index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked at each time point is as follows: Among them, DzS i is the braking index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, YxW i is the operation stability index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, α1 is the operation coefficient stored in the database, HjY i is the environmental correction index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, α2 is the environmental coefficient stored in the database, PyC i is the discharge anomaly index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, α3 is the discharge coefficient stored in the database, α1+α2+α3=1, i=1, 2, 3, …, i0, i0 is the number of time points, e is a natural constant, and in this implementation example, the value is 2.71.

[0028] Among them, in this implementation example, 5 time points are used as a monitoring time period to determine whether the comprehensive braking index change rate within this monitoring time period meets the braking measures, that is, whether a braking operation is needed.

[0029] It should be explained that α1, α2, and α3 can be obtained through the following steps: read the operation stability index, environmental correction index, and emission abnormality index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point (it should be noted that the operation stability index, environmental correction index, and emission abnormality index are all dimensionless values ​​and can be directly calculated), perform mean analysis, perform sum analysis based on the mean analysis results, obtain the braking sum value, perform proportion analysis on the mean analysis results and the braking sum value, and use the proportion analysis results as the corresponding coefficients.

[0030] The operation time series data include the unit rotor temperature value, output torque value, shaft diameter pressure value, unit rotor axial force value, water flow pressure disturbance intensity value, turbulence intensity value, and water flow energy difference value at each time point. The environmental time series data include the external humidity value, external temperature value, external electromagnetic interference value, and external suspended matter concentration value at each time point. The tailwater discharge time series data include the discharge pressure value, discharge chromaticity value, discharge sand content value, discharge dissolved gas ratio value, and discharge pollution index at each time point.

[0031] The unit rotor temperature value is the average temperature of each component of the generator rotor (the rotor is generally composed of a main shaft, a rotor core, and a magnetic pole, and there is only one) in the hydro-turbine generator set. The temperature of each component can be obtained through a temperature sensor, which is used to reflect the unit load, and is used to reflect the existence of overload and excessive mechanical friction in the unit.

[0032] The output torque value is the torsional force transmitted from the turbine rotor to the generator, which can be obtained through a torque sensor and is used to reflect the working failure of the turbine generator set.

[0033] The shaft pressure value is the pressure in the axial direction of the turbine rotor shaft, which can be obtained by a shaft pressure sensor. It is used to reflect the load on the bearings in the turbine generator set, thereby causing wear, overheating or bearing failure.

[0034] The axial force value of the unit rotor is the force acting on the turbine rotor along the rotor axis direction, which can be obtained by a strain force sensor, and is used to reflect the operating stability of the hydro-generator unit.

[0035] The water flow disturbance intensity value is the pressure standard deviation of the water flow pressure values ​​at different positions of the hydro-turbine generator set, and the pressure value at each position can be obtained by a pressure sensor, which is used to reflect the stability of the water flow. The more stable the water flow, the more stable the unit operation.

[0036] The turbulence intensity value is the degree of turbulence fluctuation in the water flow, which can be obtained through a turbulence sensor. It is used to reflect the drastic and irregular changes in the water flow velocity. The larger the turbulence intensity value, the more serious the instability in the fluid.

[0037] The water flow energy difference refers to the effective energy difference between the water flow from the water source to the turbine inlet, that is, the weighted calculation result of the water flow height difference (that is, the vertical distance difference between the starting point of the water flow and the water inlet of the turbine) and the flow velocity difference (that is, the average of the differences between the water flow velocities at different positions). The height between the starting point of the water flow and the water inlet of the turbine can be obtained by a water level sensor, and the water flow velocities at different positions can be obtained by a flow velocity sensor. The water flow energy difference is used to reflect the influence of the stability of the water flow on the operation of the unit.

[0038] The discharge pressure value is the pressure at the tailwater discharge outlet, which can be obtained through a pressure sensor and is used to reflect the blockage of the drainage system.

[0039] The emission chromaticity value is the color concentration of the tail water, which can be measured by a colorimeter (its working principle is: comparing the measured absorption spectrum with the reference value of the standard chromaticity unit, and converting it into a specific chromaticity unit according to the absorption situation through a built-in calculation model). It is used to reflect the degree of pollution of the emission tail water.

[0040] The discharged sediment content value is the concentration of suspended particulate matter in the tailwater, which can be obtained through the sediment content sensor. A high sediment content will lead to deterioration of water quality.

[0041] The emission dissolved gas ratio is the average of the concentration ratios of dissolved gases (such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, methane, etc.). The concentration of each dissolved gas can be obtained by an electrochemical sensor. It is used to reflect the potential impact of emissions on the surrounding environment. For example, a high dissolved gas ratio will have a negative impact on aquatic life and water quality.

[0042] The tail water discharge pollution index is obtained by obtaining the dissolved oxygen concentration value, ammonia nitrogen concentration value and heavy metal concentration value of the discharged water quality at each time point, and performing weighted average processing to obtain the tail water discharge pollution index.

[0043] Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the specific steps of obtaining the operation stability index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point are as follows: obtain the unit rotor temperature reference value, output torque reference value, shaft diameter pressure reference value, unit rotor axial force reference value, water flow pressure disturbance intensity reference value, turbulence intensity reference value, and water flow energy difference reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked; the unit rotor temperature reference value, output torque reference value, shaft diameter pressure reference value, unit rotor axial force reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked, and the unit rotor temperature value, output torque value, shaft diameter pressure value, and unit rotor axial force value at each time point are calculated. A comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the unit fault index of the hydraulic turbine generator set to be braked at each time point; and a comprehensive analysis is performed on the water flow pressure disturbance intensity reference value, turbulence intensity reference value, water flow energy difference reference value and the water flow pressure disturbance intensity value, turbulence intensity value and water flow energy difference value of the hydraulic turbine generator set to be braked at each time point to obtain the water flow stability index of the hydraulic turbine generator set to be braked at each time point; and a comprehensive analysis is performed on the unit fault index and water flow stability index of the hydraulic turbine generator set to be braked at each time point to obtain the operation stability index of the hydraulic turbine generator set to be braked at each time point.

[0044] The method for obtaining the unit rotor temperature reference value of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked is as follows: obtaining historical unit rotor temperature values ​​of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked at several historical time points, performing moving average processing, and obtaining the unit rotor temperature reference value.

[0045] Moreover, the output torque reference value, shaft diameter pressure reference value, unit rotor axial force reference value, water flow pressure disturbance intensity reference value, turbulence intensity reference value, water flow energy difference reference value and unit rotor temperature reference value are obtained in the same manner.

[0046] The specific formula for calculating the unit fault index and operation stability index of the hydro-generator unit to be braked at each time point is as follows: Among them, FS i is the unit fault index of the hydro-generator unit to be braked at the i-th time point, JW i is the unit rotor temperature value at the i-th time point of the hydro-generator unit to be braked, CW is the unit rotor temperature reference value of the hydro-generator unit to be braked, β1 is the rotor temperature coefficient stored in the database, SN i is the output torque value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, CJ is the output torque reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked, β2 is the torque coefficient stored in the database, ZY i is the shaft diameter pressure value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, CY is the shaft diameter pressure reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked, β3 is the shaft diameter coefficient stored in the database, ZL iis the rotor axial force value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, CL is the rotor axial force reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked, β4 is the axial force coefficient stored in the database, YW i is the operation stability index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, δ1 is the load factor stored in the database, SL i is the water flow stability index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, δ2 is the water flow coefficient stored in the database, δ1+δ2=1, i=1, 2, 3, ..., i0, i0 is the number of time points, e is a natural constant, and in this implementation example, the value is 2.71.

[0047] It should be explained that the calculation logic of calculating the water flow stability index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point is consistent with the calculation logic of calculating the unit failure index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point.

[0048] β1, β2, β3, and β4 can be obtained through the following steps: first, obtain historical data and determine the initial impact weight of each variable on the unit failure index through statistical regression analysis. Then, use the sensitivity analysis method to adjust the value range of the coefficient to evaluate the stability and applicability of these parameters to the formula output. Next, further fit the weights through model optimization (such as machine learning algorithms) to ensure that the formula can accurately reflect the actual unit failures.

[0049] δ1 and δ2 can be obtained through the following steps: read the unit fault index and water flow stability index of the braked hydro-generator unit at each time point (it should be noted here that the unit fault index and water flow stability index are dimensionless values ​​and can be directly calculated), perform mean analysis, perform sum analysis based on the mean analysis results to obtain the load and value, perform proportion analysis on the mean analysis results and the load and value respectively, and use the proportion analysis results as the corresponding coefficients.

[0050] In this implementation scheme, mechanical factors and hydrodynamic factors are combined to comprehensively cover the main factors affecting the operating stability of the hydro-turbine generator set, thereby avoiding the limitations of a single indicator, thereby ensuring the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the unit operation stability evaluation, and by analyzing the operating parameters at each time point, the unit operation stability is evaluated in real time, thereby providing a basis for rapid response, and using reference values ​​(such as the moving average of historical unit operation data) as a benchmark to effectively compare the current operating status, thereby ensuring the relativity and scientific nature of the evaluation indicators and making abnormal fluctuations more intuitive. Finally, through statistical regression analysis and sensitivity analysis of historical data, it is ensured that each coefficient in the formula is derived based on actual operating data, so that it can accurately reflect the impact of each parameter on the unit operation stability, and use sensitivity analysis and model optimization (such as machine learning algorithms) to dynamically adjust the weights for different hydro-turbine generator sets or operating conditions, thereby enhancing the versatility and adaptability of the formula, thereby avoiding the deviation caused by fixed coefficients and improving the accuracy of the algorithm in different environments and conditions.

[0051] Specifically, the specific steps for obtaining the environmental correction index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked at each time point are as follows: obtaining the external humidity reference value and the external temperature reference value of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked; normalizing the external humidity reference value and the external temperature reference value of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked as well as the external humidity value, the external temperature value, the external electromagnetic interference value, and the external suspended matter concentration value at each time point (i.e., removing the unit); and comprehensively analyzing the normalized external humidity reference value and the external temperature reference value of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked as well as the external humidity value, the external temperature value, the external electromagnetic interference value, and the external suspended matter concentration value at each time point to obtain the environmental correction index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked at each time point.

[0052] The specific formula for calculating the environmental correction index at each time point of the hydro-generator set to be braked is as follows: Among them, HjY i is the environmental correction index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, WbS i ′ is the external humidity value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, CbS′ is the external humidity reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, φ1 is the humidity coefficient stored in the database, WbD i ′ is the external temperature value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, CbD′ is the external temperature reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked, φ2 is the temperature coefficient stored in the database, WaD i ′ is the external electromagnetic interference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, φ3 is the interference coefficient stored in the database, WbXi ′ is the external suspended matter concentration value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, φ4 is the suspended matter coefficient stored in the database, φ5 is the interaction coefficient stored in the database, i=1, 2, 3, ..., i0, i0 is the number of time points.

[0053] It needs to be explained that the φ5*WbS in the formula i ′*WbD i ′*WaD i ′*WbX i ′ is used for the superposition effect of the normalized external humidity value, external temperature value, external electromagnetic interference value, and external suspended matter concentration value to prevent the environmental correction index from being too high or too low.

[0054] The specific values ​​of φ1, φ2, φ3, φ4, and φ5 can be obtained through the following steps: obtaining historical environmental time series data, conducting statistical regression analysis, quantifying the specific impact of each factor on environmental correction, and fitting the initial weight values. Secondly, using the sensitivity analysis method, adjust the value range of the corresponding coefficients to ensure the stability and rationality of the model, and based on the actual situation, correct and optimize the preliminary fitting coefficients to finally determine the corresponding coefficient values.

[0055] In this implementation plan, by considering a variety of external environmental factors (such as humidity, temperature, electromagnetic interference, suspended matter concentration, etc.) and conducting a comprehensive analysis, the interference degree of environmental conditions on the performance of the unit is effectively evaluated, thereby avoiding the deviation caused by a single indicator, and making the results of the environmental correction index more representative and applicable, and then being able to more comprehensively reflect the impact of the external environment on the operation of the unit, and through normalization processing, the unit differences of different physical quantities are eliminated, so that the data can be compared and comprehensively analyzed on a unified scale, thereby reducing the complexity of calculation, and improving the comparability of data and the accuracy of analysis. Secondly, the environmental correction index calculation at each time point Based on real-time monitoring data, the dynamic changes of the external environment can be flexibly reflected, thereby optimizing the control strategy of the unit, thereby improving the adaptability of the unit to environmental changes, reducing operating risks, and providing support for the realization of intelligent control. Finally, statistical regression analysis of historical time series data is introduced to quantify the specific impact of various factors on environmental correction from historical data, and fit the initial weight value. The analysis is based on real data to reduce the interference of human subjective judgment. Finally, the environmental correction index is accurately calculated to optimize the operating parameters of the unit, thereby avoiding abnormal operation or equipment damage, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the unit operation, and reducing the probability of failure.

[0056] Specifically, the specific steps for obtaining the discharge anomaly index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point are as follows: obtain the discharge pressure reference value, discharge chromaticity reference value, discharge dissolved gas ratio reference value, and discharge pollution reference index of the hydro-generator set to be braked; and perform standardization processing (i.e., removing the unit) on the discharge pressure reference value, discharge chromaticity reference value, discharge dissolved gas ratio reference value, and discharge pollution reference index of the hydro-generator set to be braked, as well as the discharge pressure value, discharge chromaticity value, discharge sand content value, discharge dissolved gas ratio value, and discharge pollution index at each time point; and perform a comprehensive analysis on the discharge pressure reference value, discharge chromaticity reference value, discharge dissolved gas ratio reference value, and discharge pollution reference index of the hydro-generator set to be braked after the standardization processing, as well as the discharge pressure value, discharge chromaticity value, discharge sand content value, discharge dissolved gas ratio value, and discharge pollution index at each time point, to obtain the discharge anomaly index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point.

[0057] Among them, the discharge pressure reference value, discharge chromaticity reference value, discharge dissolved gas ratio reference value, and discharge pollution reference index of the hydro-generator unit to be braked at each time point are obtained in the same way as the unit rotor temperature reference value.

[0058] The specific formula for calculating the discharge anomaly index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point is as follows: Among them, PyC i is the discharge anomaly index of the turbine generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, PyL i ′ is the discharge pressure value of the turbine generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, CpY′ is the discharge pressure reference value of the turbine generator set to be braked after standardized processing, η1 is the discharge pressure coefficient stored in the database, PyS i ′ is the emission chromaticity value of the turbine generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, CpS′ is the emission chromaticity reference value of the turbine generator set to be braked after standardized processing, η2 is the chromaticity coefficient stored in the database, PhS i ′ is the discharged sediment content value of the turbine generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, η3 is the sediment content coefficient stored in the database, PrQ i ′ is the emission dissolved gas ratio of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, CrQ′ is the emission dissolved gas ratio reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked after standardized processing, η4 is the dissolved gas coefficient stored in the database, PcB i′ is the emission pollution index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, CpB′ is the emission pollution reference index of the hydro-generator set to be braked after standardized processing, η5 is the pollution coefficient stored in the database, η1+η2+η3+η4+η5=1, i=1, 2, 3, …, i0, i0 is the number of time points.

[0059] It should be explained that η1, η2, η3, η4, and η5 can be obtained through the following steps: read the discharge sediment content value at each time point of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked after standardized processing, perform mean analysis, and obtain the mean discharge sediment content, and read the discharge pressure reference value, discharge chromaticity reference value, discharge dissolved gas ratio reference value, and discharge pollution reference index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked after standardized processing, and perform summation analysis on the discharge sediment content mean value to obtain the abnormal sum value, and perform proportion analysis on the discharge pressure reference value, discharge chromaticity reference value, discharge sediment content mean value, discharge dissolved gas ratio reference value, and discharge pollution reference index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked after standardized processing and the abnormal sum value, and use the proportion analysis results as their corresponding coefficients.

[0060] The specific implementation example of calculating the discharge abnormality index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point is as follows. The existing data include the discharge pressure value, discharge chromaticity value, discharge sand content value, discharge dissolved gas ratio value, and discharge pollution index at 5 time points. The specific data are shown in Table 1 and Table 2:

[0061] Table 1 Data example of tailwater discharge timing data of the turbine generator set to be braked

[0062]

[0063] Table 2 Example of reference data for tailwater discharge timing data of the turbine generator set to be braked

[0064]

[0065] The data in Table 1 and Table 2 are standardized respectively, and the data examples are shown in Table 3 and Table 4:

[0066] Table 3 Data example of tailwater discharge time series data of the turbine generator set to be braked after standardization

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] Table 4. Example of reference data for tailwater discharge timing data of hydro-turbine generator set to be braked after standardized processing

[0070]

[0071] The discharge pressure coefficient stored in the database is approximately: 0.26.

[0072] The chromaticity coefficient stored in the database is approximately: 0.13.

[0073] The sand content coefficient stored in the database is approximately: 0.20.

[0074] The dissolved gas coefficient stored in the database is approximately: 0.12.

[0075] The contamination factor stored in the database is approximately: 0.29.

[0076] Substituting the above coefficients and the data in Table 3 and Table 4 into the specific formula for calculating the abnormal discharge index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point, the following is obtained:

[0077] Discharge at time point 1 of the turbine generator set to be braked

[0078] Discharge at time point 2 of the turbine generator set to be braked

[0079] Discharge at time point 3 of the turbine generator set to be braked

[0080] Discharge at time point 4 of the turbine generator set to be braked

[0081] Discharge at time 5 of the turbine generator set to be braked

[0082] In this implementation scheme, through comprehensive analysis of multiple indicators such as discharge pressure, chromaticity, dissolved gas ratio, sand content, pollution index, etc., the discharge situation of the hydro-turbine generator set is comprehensively evaluated, so as to accurately identify the real cause of the discharge abnormality, and then accurately brake, and the discharge index is standardized, eliminating the unit difference between different physical quantities, thereby improving the comparability of data analysis, and converting data of different dimensions into unitless standard values, so as to facilitate comparison and analysis in the same calculation model, thereby avoiding calculation deviations caused by unit differences, and then making the results of the discharge abnormality index more accurate. At the same time, the discharge abnormality index is calculated based on each time point, so as to monitor the discharge status in real time and respond quickly to sudden abnormalities. Secondly, through comprehensive analysis of multiple reference values ​​and actual values, the discharge abnormality can be more accurately evaluated, and the reference value can be used as a benchmark to help determine whether the actual discharge status deviates from the normal range, so as to determine whether the unit needs to be braked. Finally, combined with the time point data, it can be analyzed whether the discharge abnormality is persistent, so as to timely discover and deal with the abnormality, which can reduce the loss caused by equipment overload or abnormal operation and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0083] Specifically, the specific steps for obtaining the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked are as follows: performing a change analysis on the braking index at each time point of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked to obtain the braking index change rate of several groups of adjacent time points of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked; and performing a comprehensive analysis on the braking index change rate of several groups of adjacent time points of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked to obtain the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked.

[0084] The formula for calculating the braking index change rate and the comprehensive braking index change rate of several groups of adjacent time points of the hydro-generator set to be braked is as follows: Among them, DbH g is the braking index change rate of the g-th group of hydro-generator sets to be braked at adjacent time points, DzS i+1 is the braking index of the turbine generator set to be braked at the i+1th time point, DzS i is the braking index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, ZbH is the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-generator set to be braked, θ g1 is the weighting coefficient of the g-th group of adjacent time points of the hydro-generator set to be braked, DbH g+1 is the rate of change of the braking index at the g+1th group of adjacent time points of the hydro-generator set to be braked, θ g2 is the weighting coefficient of the g+1th group of adjacent time points of the hydro-generator set to be braked, θ g1 +θ g2=1, g=1, 2, 3, ..., g0, g0 is the number of adjacent time point groups, i=1, 2, 3, ..., i0, i0 is the number of time points, and g0=i0-1.

[0085] It needs to be explained that θ g1 ,θ g2 It can be obtained through the following steps: summing up and analyzing the braking index change rates of the g-th and g+1-th groups of adjacent time points to obtain the braking index change sum value of the g-th group, and then performing a proportion analysis on the braking index change rates of the g-th and g+1-th groups of adjacent time points and the braking index change sum value of the g-th group, and the proportion analysis result is the corresponding weighting coefficient.

[0086] In this implementation scheme, the change rate of the braking index at different time points is calculated and comprehensively analyzed, so as to dynamically monitor the change trend of the braking performance of the hydro-turbine generator set, and capture short-term fluctuations based on the change rate of adjacent time points to reflect the real-time operating status of the equipment. Through the comprehensive change rate calculation, it is possible to identify whether braking is needed, and by calculating the weighted coefficient, the comprehensive braking index change rate is layered according to the change rate to highlight the impact of key time periods. At the same time, weighted comprehensive analysis of multiple groups of change rates can effectively smooth the deviations caused by short-term abnormal fluctuations. Finally, through the analysis of multiple time points and adjacent time point groups, a more comprehensive braking index change rate is obtained, so as to analyze the change rate of multiple time point groups, thereby avoiding result deviations due to abnormal data in a single time period, thereby improving the robustness and credibility of the results.

[0087] Specifically, the specific steps for taking corresponding braking measures based on the comparison and analysis results are as follows: if the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked is lower than the preset lower limit of the comprehensive braking index change rate threshold interval (i.e., the minimum value), the hydro-turbine generator set will not be braked; if the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked is within the preset comprehensive braking index change rate threshold interval, the first braking measure is taken (i.e., slow braking, adjusting the guide vane opening, and gradually reducing the water flow rate; slowing down the speed reduction rate of the unit to avoid damage to the equipment caused by impact shutdown); if the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked is higher than the preset upper limit of the comprehensive braking index change rate threshold interval (i.e., the maximum value), the second braking measure is taken (i.e., rapid braking, closing the guide vanes, and cutting off the water flow channel; starting the rapid braking device, such as electromagnetic braking, for forced shutdown; and adjusting the tailwater discharge system at the same time to quickly reduce the tailwater pressure and avoid collapse).

[0088] In this implementation scheme, different braking strategies are adopted through graded analysis of the comprehensive braking index change rate, so as to accurately match the braking scheme according to the actual situation. For example, slow braking is adopted within the threshold range, which can not only reduce the equipment load, but also avoid mechanical shock caused by too fast shutdown. When the change rate exceeds the upper threshold, rapid braking measures are taken to prevent serious failures or safety accidents. Secondly, based on the real-time analysis of the comprehensive braking index change rate, it is possible to quickly respond to changes in the operating status of the equipment and ensure stable operation of the system, so as to adapt to the rapid changes in the operating status, and take appropriate measures in time to avoid the equipment status from evolving from minor abnormalities to serious failures. Finally, different levels of braking measures can be adopted to maximize the equipment operating efficiency while ensuring safety. For example, slow braking is performed when the change rate is within the threshold range, so as to achieve equipment protection without affecting the operating efficiency. In this way, the braking measures are reasonably selected to reduce the maintenance and repair costs caused by excessive braking or fault shutdown.

[0089] See also Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: a braking system of a hydro-turbine generator set, comprising: a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, a comprehensive analysis module, and a braking judgment module; the data acquisition module is used to continuously acquire braking timing data when the hydro-turbine generator set is in tailwater discharge, and the power generation braking timing data includes operation timing data, environmental timing data, and tailwater discharge timing data; the data analysis module is used to perform data analysis on the braking timing data of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked, obtain the operation stability index, environmental correction index, and discharge abnormality index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked at each time point, and perform comprehensive analysis to obtain the braking index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked at each time point; the comprehensive analysis module is used to perform comprehensive analysis on the braking index of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked at each time point, and obtain the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked; the braking judgment module is used to compare and analyze the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-turbine generator set to be braked with a preset comprehensive braking index change rate threshold interval, and take corresponding braking measures based on the comparison and analysis results.

[0090] In summary, this application has at least the following effects:

[0091] By continuously acquiring braking timing data and conducting a comprehensive analysis when the hydro-turbine generator set is in the process of tailwater discharge, the braking index and its rate of change can be accurately obtained at each time point, thereby comprehensively reflecting the operating status of the hydro-turbine generator set. This allows the subtle changes under complex working conditions to be dynamically captured, and excessive or insufficient braking control to be avoided, thereby improving the accuracy and real-time performance of braking, while ensuring the operating safety and stability of the hydro-turbine generator set.

[0092] By analyzing the multi-dimensional data of operating timing, environmental timing and tailwater discharge timing, a comprehensive calculation based on the operating stability index, environmental correction index and emission abnormality index is achieved, thereby improving the scientific nature of braking decisions and effectively responding to complex situations such as environmental changes and emission abnormalities, thereby reducing equipment losses and extending the service life of the hydro-turbine generator set.

[0093] By comparing the comprehensive braking index change rate with the threshold range, different braking measures can be flexibly taken to ensure that the braking method can match the actual operating status, thereby reducing braking delays or misjudgments caused by environmental abnormalities or emission fluctuations, and optimizing operating efficiency, thereby providing an efficient solution for braking of hydro-turbine generator sets under complex working conditions.

[0094] Through the continuous data collection of the data acquisition module, the precise data processing of the analysis module, and the synergy of the comprehensive analysis module and the braking judgment module, the closed-loop control of the intelligent braking process is realized, which has higher adaptability and scalability, and can be customized according to the characteristics or operating environment of different hydro-turbine generator sets, thereby meeting the braking requirements under various complex working conditions, and then significantly improving the breadth and flexibility of application.

[0095] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0096] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A braking method for a hydro-generator set, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When the hydro-generator set is in tailwater discharge, continuously acquiring braking time series data, the power generation braking time series data including operation time series data, environment time series data, and tailwater discharge time series data; The braking time sequence data of the hydro-generator set to be braked are analyzed respectively to obtain the operation stability index, environmental correction index and emission abnormality index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point, and a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the braking index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point; Comprehensively analyzing the braking index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point, and obtaining the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-generator set to be braked; Compare and analyze the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-generator set to be braked with the preset comprehensive braking index change rate threshold range, and take corresponding braking measures based on the comparison and analysis results; The specific formula for calculating the braking index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point is as follows: Among them, DzS i is the braking index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, YxW i is the operation stability index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, α1 is the operation coefficient stored in the database, HjY i is the environmental correction index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, α2 is the environmental coefficient stored in the database, PyC i is the discharge anomaly index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, α3 is the discharge coefficient stored in the database, α1+α2+α3=1, i=1, 2, 3, …, i0, i0 is the number of time points, and e is a natural constant.

2. The braking method of a hydro-generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating time series data include the unit rotor temperature value, output torque value, shaft diameter pressure value, unit rotor axial force value, water flow pressure disturbance intensity value, turbulence intensity value, and water flow energy difference value at each time point; the environmental time series data include the external humidity value, external temperature value, external electromagnetic interference value, and external suspended matter concentration value at each time point; the tail water discharge time series data include the discharge pressure value, discharge chromaticity value, discharge sand content value, discharge dissolved gas ratio, and discharge pollution index at each time point.

3. The braking method of a hydro-generator set according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps of obtaining the operation stability index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point are as follows: Obtain a reference value of the rotor temperature, output torque, shaft diameter pressure, axial force, flow pressure disturbance intensity, turbulence intensity, and flow energy difference of the turbine generator set to be braked; Comprehensively analyze the unit rotor temperature reference value, output torque reference value, shaft diameter pressure reference value, unit rotor axial force reference value of the hydro-generator unit to be braked, as well as the unit rotor temperature value, output torque value, shaft diameter pressure value, and unit rotor axial force value at each time point, to obtain the unit fault index at each time point of the hydro-generator unit to be braked; A comprehensive analysis is performed on the water flow pressure disturbance intensity reference value, turbulence intensity reference value, water flow energy difference reference value, and the water flow pressure disturbance intensity value, turbulence intensity value, and water flow energy difference value at each time point of the hydraulic turbine generator set to be braked, to obtain the water flow stability index at each time point of the hydraulic turbine generator set to be braked; A comprehensive analysis is performed on the unit fault index and water flow stability index of the hydro-generator unit to be braked at each time point to obtain the operation stability index of the hydro-generator unit to be braked at each time point.

4. The braking method of a hydro-generator set according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific formula for calculating the unit fault index and operation stability index of the hydro-generator unit to be braked at each time point is as follows: Among them, FS i is the unit fault index of the hydro-generator unit to be braked at the i-th time point, JW i is the unit rotor temperature value at the i-th time point of the hydro-generator unit to be braked, CW is the unit rotor temperature reference value of the hydro-generator unit to be braked, β1 is the rotor temperature coefficient stored in the database, SN i is the output torque value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, CJ is the output torque reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked, β2 is the torque coefficient stored in the database, ZY i is the shaft diameter pressure value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, CY is the shaft diameter pressure reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked, β3 is the shaft diameter coefficient stored in the database, ZL i is the rotor axial force value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, CL is the rotor axial force reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked, β4 is the axial force coefficient stored in the database, YW i is the operation stability index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, δ1 is the load factor stored in the database, SL i is the water flow stability index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, δ2 is the water flow coefficient stored in the database, δ1+δ2=1, i=1, 2, 3, …, i0, i0 is the number of time points, and e is a natural constant.

5. The braking method of a hydro-generator set according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps of obtaining the environmental correction index at each time point of the hydro-generator set to be braked are as follows: Obtaining an external humidity reference value and an external temperature reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked; Normalize the external humidity reference value, external temperature reference value, external humidity value, external temperature value, external electromagnetic interference value, and external suspended matter concentration value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point; A comprehensive analysis is performed on the normalized external humidity reference value, external temperature reference value, external humidity value, external temperature value, external electromagnetic interference value, and external suspended matter concentration value of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point to obtain the environmental correction index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point.

6. The braking method of a hydro-generator set according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps of obtaining the discharge abnormality index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point are as follows: Obtain the discharge pressure reference value, discharge chromaticity reference value, discharge dissolved gas ratio reference value, and discharge pollution reference index of the hydro-generator set to be braked; The discharge pressure reference value, discharge chromaticity reference value, discharge dissolved gas ratio reference value, discharge pollution reference index of the hydro-generator set to be braked, as well as the discharge pressure value, discharge chromaticity value, discharge sand content value, discharge dissolved gas ratio value, and discharge pollution index at each time point are standardized; A comprehensive analysis is conducted on the standardized discharge pressure reference value, discharge chromaticity reference value, discharge dissolved gas ratio reference value, discharge pollution reference index, as well as the discharge pressure value, discharge chromaticity value, discharge sand content value, discharge dissolved gas ratio value, and discharge pollution index at each time point to obtain the discharge abnormality index at each time point of the water turbine generator set to be braked.

7. The braking method of a hydro-generator set according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific formula for calculating the discharge anomaly index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point is as follows: Among them, PyC i is the discharge anomaly index of the turbine generator set to be braked at the i-th time point, PyL i ′ is the discharge pressure value of the turbine generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, CpY′ is the discharge pressure reference value of the turbine generator set to be braked after standardized processing, η1 is the discharge pressure coefficient stored in the database, PyS i ′ is the emission chromaticity value of the turbine generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, CpS′ is the emission chromaticity reference value of the turbine generator set to be braked after standardized processing, η2 is the chromaticity coefficient stored in the database, PhS i ′ is the discharged sediment content value of the turbine generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, η3 is the sediment content coefficient stored in the database, PrQ i ′ is the emission dissolved gas ratio of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, CrQ′ is the emission dissolved gas ratio reference value of the hydro-generator set to be braked after standardized processing, η4 is the dissolved gas coefficient stored in the database, PcB i ′ is the emission pollution index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at the i-th time point after standardized processing, CpB′ is the emission pollution reference index of the hydro-generator set to be braked after standardized processing, η5 is the pollution coefficient stored in the database, η1+η2+η3+η4+η5=1, i=1, 2, 3, …, i0, i0 is the number of time points.

8. The braking method of a hydro-generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for obtaining the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-generator set to be braked are as follows: Performing a change analysis on the braking index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point, and obtaining the braking index change rates of several groups of adjacent time points of the hydro-generator set to be braked; A comprehensive analysis is performed on the braking index change rates of several groups of adjacent time points of the hydro-generator set to be braked to obtain the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-generator set to be braked.

9. The braking method of a hydro-generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for taking corresponding braking measures based on the comparison and analysis results are as follows: If the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-generator set to be braked is lower than the preset comprehensive braking index change rate threshold interval lower limit, the hydro-generator set will not be braked; If the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-generator set to be braked is within the preset comprehensive braking index change rate threshold range, the first braking measure is taken; If the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-generator set to be braked is higher than the preset comprehensive braking index change rate threshold interval upper limit, the second braking measure is taken.

10. A braking system for a hydro-turbine generator set, using the braking method for a hydro-turbine generator set according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module, data analysis module, comprehensive analysis module, braking judgment module; The data acquisition module is used to continuously acquire braking timing data when the hydro-generator set is in tailwater discharge, wherein the power generation braking timing data includes operation timing data, environment timing data, and tailwater discharge timing data; The data analysis module is used to respectively analyze the braking time sequence data of the hydraulic turbine generator set to be braked, obtain the operation stability index, environmental correction index, and emission abnormality index of the hydraulic turbine generator set to be braked at each time point, and perform comprehensive analysis to obtain the braking index of the hydraulic turbine generator set to be braked at each time point; The comprehensive analysis module is used to comprehensively analyze the braking index of the hydro-generator set to be braked at each time point to obtain the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-generator set to be braked; The braking judgment module is used to compare and analyze the comprehensive braking index change rate of the hydro-generator set to be braked with a preset comprehensive braking index change rate threshold range, and take corresponding braking measures based on the comparison and analysis results.

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