Method and system for automatically selecting and matching steel bars of concrete frame member

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic selecting and matching method and system for concrete frame member steel bars, and belongs to the technical field of concrete structure design. Selecting and matching concrete beam longitudinal bars; concrete beam waist bars are selected and matched; concrete column steel bars are selected and matched; selecting and matching concrete floor reinforcing steel bars; and concrete foundation steel bars are selected and prepared. According to the method, multiple optimization methods such as the genetic algorithm and the heuristic algorithm are fused, and the selection and matching efficiency and accuracy are remarkably improved by reasonably dividing the six key steps of the steel bar selection and matching process. Compared with the prior art, the technology has obvious advantages in the aspects of cost control, construction adaptability, calculation efficiency and the like, the calculation time is shortened, actual construction requirements can be better met, and the reworking problem caused by the fact that a design result does not conform to a construction site is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete structure design, and in particular relates to a method and system for automatically selecting reinforcement bars for concrete frame components. Background Art

[0002] In concrete structure design, steel bar selection is an important part to ensure construction quality and progress. Traditional manual calculation methods have significant problems such as low efficiency, difficulty in cost control and waste of steel bars. Although the current computer-aided steel bar selection method is better than manual selection, the selection results are often quite different from the actual steel bar arrangement in construction, especially in the lack of rationality in the selection of longitudinal bars. At the same time, each steel bar selection module uses independent calculation, ignoring the necessary association of some modules. The design of steel bar selection algorithm is also mainly based on exhaustive method, and the efficiency needs to be improved.

[0003] Manual calculation of steel bar selection requires a lot of time and effort. Designers must manually calculate the number, diameter and length of required steel bars according to specific structural requirements and design specifications. This process is not only time-consuming and error-prone, but may also lead to uncertainty and instability in the design plan. Once the calculation is wrong, it will not only affect the construction progress, but also may cause structural safety issues.

[0004] Although the existing computer-aided selection methods have improved efficiency in some aspects, the existing methods usually calculate each reinforcement selection module (such as stirrups, longitudinal reinforcement, and waist reinforcement) separately, ignoring the inherent relationship between the modules. However, in the actual construction process, there is a relationship between the modules. This independent calculation method causes the reinforcement selection results to be inconsistent with the actual construction requirements, and secondary adjustments are required at the construction site, which consumes computing power and increases labor costs. In addition, the frequent use of exhaustive methods as the core of module calculation also makes the operation efficiency low, especially when there are many reinforcement selection results to be selected. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for automatic selection of steel bars for concrete frame components, aiming to address the challenges of traditional concrete reinforcement selection methods such as poor cost control and lack of flexibility. At the same time, it focuses on using genetic algorithms and heuristic algorithms to improve reinforcement selection efficiency, reduce secondary adjustments, and ensure scientific and reasonable matching of reinforcement selection.

[0006] The specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The first invention purpose of this patent is to provide a method for automatically selecting reinforcement bars for concrete frame components, including:

[0008] Selection of stirrups for concrete beams: First, determine the maximum and minimum diameter ranges of stirrups according to engineering design requirements and specifications, and generate a selection list of stirrup diameters at a certain step length; then, determine the type of beam according to the stress characteristics, span, and load distribution of the beam; finally, based on the type of beam and its stress characteristics, use a genetic algorithm to optimize the diameter, number of limbs, and number of stirrups to ensure that the calculated reinforcement area is closest to the design requirements and complies with relevant structural design specifications and standards;

[0009] Selection of longitudinal reinforcement for concrete beams: First, clarify the lap joint method of the longitudinal reinforcement in the middle of the beam, and merge the supports. For each single-span support, select the applicable steel bar diameter according to the design specifications. Secondly, select the model and quantity of the full-length longitudinal reinforcement, the upper mid-span reinforcement, the negative reinforcement of the support, etc. based on the rules. The reinforcement selection of each module in this process is interrelated. The rule-based algorithm calculation ensures that the reinforcement configuration of each part meets the structural design requirements. For the selection of the lower mid-span reinforcement, an independent calculation method is adopted, and a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the combination of diameter and number of roots to minimize the reinforcement area and meet the design requirements. Finally, record the ratio of the actual reinforcement area to the calculated reinforcement area of ​​each module, control the over-reinforcement rate of the selected reinforcement, and reasonably allocate the number of steel bars to ensure the overall performance and safety of the beam;

[0010] Selection of concrete beam waist reinforcement: First, determine whether torsional waist reinforcement is needed based on the calculated reinforcement area. If necessary, the heuristic algorithm is used to optimize the diameter model and number of roots, and the most appropriate configuration is selected to meet the design requirements. If the reinforcement area is zero, the height of the beam is used to determine whether to use structural waist reinforcement. This method can quickly make reinforcement decisions while ensuring structural safety and compliance with specifications, avoiding the problems of long calculation time and secondary rework in traditional methods;

[0011] Selection of concrete column reinforcement: First, according to the design requirements and stress analysis, select the direction with fewer limbs in the transverse and longitudinal reinforcement of the concrete column for preliminary reinforcement calculation. Secondly, record the reinforcement parameters such as the diameter, number of limbs and roots of the reinforcement in this direction. Finally, determine the stirrup configuration in the other direction based on the calculated transverse or longitudinal reinforcement information.

[0012] Select concrete slab reinforcement: First, sort the diameter list of the reinforcement to ensure that the diameter selection order is reasonable. Second, sort the spacing list of the reinforcement in the slab to provide a basis for the subsequent reinforcement configuration. Adjust the configuration according to the principle of adjusting the reinforcement diameter first and then adjusting the reinforcement spacing until the reinforcement configuration of the slab meets the design requirements.

[0013] Selecting concrete foundation reinforcement: First, divide the reinforcement configuration into four directions: top horizontal, top longitudinal, bottom horizontal and bottom longitudinal according to the structure of the foundation. Secondly, apply the algorithm for selecting concrete floor reinforcement for these four directions respectively. Finally, record the diameter, model and spacing of the reinforcement in each direction, and return the configuration information to ensure that the reinforcement configuration in each direction meets the design requirements.

[0014] Preferably, the selected concrete beam stirrups are specifically:

[0015] S101. Construct a selection list of stirrup diameters;

[0016] S10101. Sort the stirrup diameter library by radius from large to small and save it as a list;

[0017] S10102, adding the preferred diameter to the head of the list;

[0018] S102, determining the type of beam, where the type of beam includes frame beam and non-frame beam;

[0019] S10201. Select reinforcement in the order of calculation of encrypted area and non-encrypted area;

[0020] S1020101. Generate a list of spacings from large to small according to the maximum spacing, minimum spacing and spacing modulus of the encryption area;

[0021] S1020102. Add the preferred spacing to the head of the list, and remove the values ​​that do not meet the spacing requirements;

[0022] S103, constructing a genetic algorithm;

[0023] S10301, taking the range of diameter D, root number n and limb number m as input of the genetic algorithm;

[0024] S10302. Constructing the objective function Among them A cal represents the calculated reinforcement area, λ is the penalty coefficient;

[0025] S10303, setting the number of iterations, recording the optimal solution of the iteration process through selection, crossover and mutation operations, and obtaining the number of stirrups, diameter model and number of limbs in the reinforced area;

[0026] S104. When the current beam is a frame beam, the number of limbs and diameter of the non-reinforced area are consistent with those of the reinforced area, and only the spacing is calculated until the reinforcement requirements are met. When the current beam is a non-frame beam or there is no support at one end of the current beam, the configuration of the reinforced area and the non-reinforced area is the same, and the calculation result of the reinforced area is the final selection result.

[0027] Preferably, the selected concrete beam longitudinal reinforcement is specifically:

[0028] S201, determining the overlap mode in the middle of the beam: according to the selected overlap mode in the middle of the beam, obtaining corresponding parameters, and determining whether the overlap is a normal mode or a mid-span upper reinforcement mode;

[0029] S202, support merging:

[0030] S20201. Determine the conditions at both ends of the multi-span beam and merge them;

[0031] S2020101. If there are cantilevers at both ends, and the merging mode includes cantilever merging, the calculated area of ​​the corresponding cantilever end and the connected beam support shall be set to the same value;

[0032] S20202. Traverse the multi-span beams and merge the areas of the beams that meet the conditions;

[0033] S2020201. If merging is allowed, and the calculated reinforcement area and ratio difference between the current beam and the adjacent beam support are within the allowable range, select the maximum value of the calculated reinforcement area to assign a value to the beam support area;

[0034] S203, finding the selected diameter of each single-span support position;

[0035] S20301, optimal diameter and reinforcement diameter library processing;

[0036] S2030101. Sort the diameters of the selected reinforcement library from large to small according to the diameter size;

[0037] S20302. Calculate the optimal diameter;

[0038] S2030201. According to the calculated reinforcement area and the preferred diameter model of the current support, the required number of steel bars is calculated;

[0039] S2030202. Check whether the number of roots is within the range;

[0040] S20303. When the optimal diameter does not meet the number requirement, steel bars are selected from the diameter selection library for trial calculation;

[0041] S2030301. When the number of calculated roots of the preferred diameter is less than the minimum number of roots, the calculation is started from the model closest to the preferred diameter in the diameter selection library towards the smaller diameter until the root number condition is met;

[0042] S2030302. When the number of calculated roots of the preferred diameter is greater than the maximum number of roots, start from the model closest to the preferred diameter in the diameter selection library and try to calculate in the direction of the larger diameter until the root number condition is met;

[0043] S204. Set the number of through-length longitudinal reinforcements. According to the structural requirements, at least two through-strand reinforcements are required in the upper mid-span.

[0044] S205, optional for upper mid-span;

[0045] S20501. Calculate the number and diameter of the reinforcement required for the upper mid-span;

[0046] S2050101. The diameter of the upper reinforcement in the mid-span should be the same as that of the support;

[0047] S2050102, the number of bars in the upper part of the mid-span is calculated according to the reinforcement area calculated at the corresponding position and the current diameter model and the number of longitudinal bars;

[0048] S20502. Adjust the number of roots according to the reinforcement pattern;

[0049] S2050201. When the use of reinforcement bars is permitted, the upper reinforcement in the mid-span shall not be adjusted for the time being.

[0050] S2050202. When the use of reinforcement bars is not allowed, the number of upper reinforcement bars shall be adjusted according to the minimum number requirement;

[0051] S205020201. In the middle of a single span where the number of steel bars is less than the minimum requirement, fill in the steel bars to the minimum number;

[0052] S205020202. If the minimum number of roots is met, no processing will be done for the time being;

[0053] S206, adjustment of reinforcement pattern of the entire length and the upper part of the span;

[0054] S20601. If the small diameter or mid-span upper reinforcement mode is selected, all diameters and numbers of the full-length longitudinal reinforcement are superimposed to the mid-span upper reinforcement position, and the full-length longitudinal reinforcement is left blank;

[0055] S20602, if the full-length longitudinal reinforcement mode is selected, no adjustment is made for the time being;

[0056] S207, update of negative reinforcement of bearings;

[0057] S20701. If there are full-length longitudinal reinforcements, subtract the number of full-length longitudinal reinforcements from the number of reinforcements at the support.

[0058] S20702. If there are upper mid-span reinforcements, subtract the number of upper mid-span reinforcements from the number of reinforcements at the support;

[0059] S208, selection of lower reinforcement;

[0060] S20801, using the diameter D and the number of roots n as inputs of the genetic algorithm;

[0061] S20802. Constructing the objective function Among them A cal represents the calculated reinforcement area, λ is the penalty coefficient;

[0062] S20803. Set the number of iterations, record the optimal solution of the iteration process through selection, crossover and mutation operations, and obtain the number and diameter model of the reinforcement in the lower part of the mid-span;

[0063] S209, adjustment of the diameter model of the upper reinforcement in the mid-span;

[0064] S20901. Calculate the difference between the actual reinforcement area and the calculated area of ​​the left support, right support, and upper mid-span reinforcement of the current span, and take the minimum value S min ;

[0065] S20902, find the diameter model r1 of a smaller level that is closest to the current mid-span diameter model r0;

[0066] S20903, according to the formula: Get the corresponding number of changed roots;

[0067] S210, adjustment of the diameter model of the negative reinforcement of the bearing;

[0068] S21001. Calculate the difference between the actual area and the calculated area of ​​the current support, the longitudinal reinforcement and the upper reinforcement in the middle of the span, and take the minimum value S min , the rest of the updating method is the same as S209;

[0069] S211, record the reinforcement information;

[0070] S21101. If it is set that the use of reinforcement bars is not allowed, S211 ends;

[0071] S21102. If the use of reinforcement bars is allowed, traverse the number of bars in the mid-span of each span. If the number of bars does not meet the minimum number, add reinforcement bars until the total number of bars in the mid-span meets the minimum number requirement.

[0072] S212, traverse each part, record the ratio of the actual reinforcement area to the calculated reinforcement area, and record the over-reinforcement ratio of the selected reinforcement;

[0073] S213, traverse each part and allocate and select the row number information of the steel bars.

[0074] Preferably, the selected concrete beam waist reinforcement is specifically:

[0075] S301, calculating the reinforcement area according to the current span waist reinforcement and classifying the waist reinforcement types;

[0076] S302. If the calculated reinforcement area of ​​waist reinforcement is 0, it is structural waist reinforcement;

[0077] S30201. Determine whether structural waist reinforcement is required based on the effective height requirements of the beam;

[0078] S3020101. If the effective height H is 0, no structural waist reinforcement shall be provided;

[0079] S3020102. If the effective height is not 0, take the steel bar model with the smallest diameter, according to the formula: Calculate the number of roots, where H represents the beam height, S represents the spacing, and N represents the number of roots;

[0080] S30202. Calculate the reinforcement area based on the waist reinforcement and set the anti-torsion waist reinforcement;

[0081] S3020201. Sort the diameters according to the preferred diameter and the diameter selection library;

[0082] S3020202. Calculate in the order of increasing diameter and increasing number of roots, and select the diameter model and number of roots that meet the requirements.

[0083] Preferably, the selected concrete column reinforcement is specifically:

[0084] S401, taking the direction with the smallest number of limbs in the horizontal and vertical directions of the column for calculation;

[0085] S402, the calculation formula and method are the same as S101, recording the current direction diameter, number of limbs, and number of roots;

[0086] S403, according to the result recorded in S402, obtain the stirrup information in another direction;

[0087] S40301, first fix the diameter and number of roots, and only change the number of limbs;

[0088] S40302. If the number of limbs increases to the maximum and still does not meet the area ratio requirements, adjustments shall be made according to the principle of increasing the diameter and reducing the spacing.

[0089] Preferably, the selected concrete slab reinforcement is specifically:

[0090] S501, sorting of floor slab diameter list;

[0091] S502, sorting of floor spacing list;

[0092] S50201. Adjust the spacing list of modular components according to the maximum spacing and the minimum spacing, and save the spacing list in descending order;

[0093] S50202, adding the preferred spacing to the header of the S50202 list, and removing the spacing values ​​that are not within the allowed spacing range;

[0094] S503. Perform trial calculations based on the principle of changing the diameter first and then the spacing until the reinforcement requirements are met.

[0095] Preferably, the selected concrete foundation steel bars are:

[0096] By dividing and calculating the foundation in different directions, the diameter model spacing values ​​in each direction are obtained, thereby ensuring that the foundation design meets the structural requirements and bearing capacity requirements;

[0097] S601, dividing the foundation into top horizontal, top vertical, bottom horizontal, and bottom vertical;

[0098] S602, respectively calling the method for selecting and matching the steel bars of the concrete slab in each direction;

[0099] S603, record the diameter model spacing values ​​in each direction and return.

[0100] The second object of the present invention is to provide a concrete frame member steel bar automatic matching system, comprising:

[0101] Concrete beam stirrup selection module: This module determines the optional range of stirrup diameters according to engineering design specifications and requirements, and generates a corresponding diameter list. According to the force characteristics, span and load distribution of the beam, the type of beam is identified, and the diameter, number of roots and number of limbs of the stirrups are recorded. Then, based on the above parameters, the genetic algorithm is used to automatically optimize the stirrup configuration to ensure that it meets the structural design specifications and safety requirements;

[0102] Concrete beam longitudinal reinforcement selection module: This module uses both genetic algorithms and heuristic algorithms. First, it clarifies the overlap method of the longitudinal reinforcement in the middle of the beam and handles the support merging problem. For each single-span support position, the system selects the appropriate steel bar diameter, and sets the model and quantity of the full-length longitudinal reinforcement, the upper mid-span reinforcement, the negative reinforcement of the support, and the lower mid-span reinforcement based on the rules. The lower mid-span reinforcement is an independent part, and the genetic algorithm is used for optimization calculation to achieve the optimal reinforcement area. The reinforcement selection of other parts follows the rule-based algorithm to ensure the reasonable association between the modules. Finally, the ratio of the actual reinforcement area to the calculated reinforcement area is recorded, the over-reinforcement rate of the selected reinforcement is controlled, and the number of steel bars is reasonably allocated to ensure the overall performance and safety of the beam;

[0103] Concrete beam waist reinforcement selection module: This module uses a heuristic algorithm to classify waist reinforcement types according to the calculated reinforcement area of ​​the current waist reinforcement and the beam height, and analyzes and calculates the selection of torsion-resistant waist reinforcement or structural waist reinforcement;

[0104] Concrete column reinforcement selection module: This module uses a heuristic algorithm to first calculate the direction with the smallest number of limbs in the horizontal and longitudinal directions of the column, record the diameter, number of limbs, and number of roots in the current direction, and then use this as a benchmark to calculate the reinforcement information in the other direction;

[0105] Concrete slab reinforcement selection module: This module uses a heuristic algorithm to sort the slab diameter list first, and then the slab spacing list. The system performs trial calculations according to the principle of changing the diameter first and then the spacing until the design requirements are met;

[0106] Concrete foundation reinforcement selection module: This module first divides the foundation into four directions: top horizontal, top longitudinal, bottom horizontal and bottom longitudinal, and then calls the floor slab reinforcement configuration method for each direction. Finally, it records the diameter model and spacing value in each direction and returns them.

[0107] The third invention objective of this patent is to provide a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, is the above-mentioned method for automatic selection of steel bars for concrete frame components.

[0108] The fourth invention objective of this patent is to provide an information data processing terminal that implements the above-mentioned method for automatically selecting steel bars for concrete frame components.

[0109] The fifth invention objective of this patent is to provide a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which, when run on a computer, enables the computer to execute the above-mentioned method for automatic selection of steel bars for concrete frame components.

[0110] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0111] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0112] The present invention discloses a method and system for automatic selection of reinforcement bars for concrete frame components, which belongs to the technical field of concrete structure design, including: selection of concrete beam stirrups; selection of concrete beam longitudinal bars; selection of concrete beam waist bars; selection of concrete column reinforcement bars; selection of concrete floor slab reinforcement bars; selection of concrete foundation reinforcement bars. The present invention integrates a variety of optimization methods such as genetic algorithms and heuristic algorithms, and significantly improves the selection efficiency and accuracy by reasonably dividing the six key steps of the reinforcement selection process. Compared with previous methods, this technology has obvious advantages in cost control, construction adaptability, and calculation efficiency. It not only shortens the calculation time, but also can better meet the actual construction needs, effectively reducing the rework problem caused by the inconsistency between the design results and the construction site.

[0113] The present invention innovatively integrates multiple optimization technologies such as genetic algorithms and heuristic algorithms in the automatic selection method and system for steel bars of concrete frame components. These algorithms play a key role in the selection process of steel bars, and ensure the accuracy and efficiency of each step of selection through iterative optimization and local search strategies. The genetic algorithm gradually selects the optimal solution from the initial population by simulating natural selection and genetic variation, while the heuristic algorithm quickly finds the approximate optimal solution through empirical rules and intuitive judgment. This multi-algorithm fusion method not only improves the intelligence and adaptability of the selection process, but also can better balance various requirements in complex multi-objective optimization problems, such as cost control, construction adaptability and computational efficiency. Through this method, the present invention significantly improves the overall performance of steel bar selection for concrete frame components, and provides more reliable and efficient technical support for engineering design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0114] Figure 1 It is the reinforcement result of beam stirrups in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0115] Figure 2 It is the result of longitudinal reinforcement arrangement of beams in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0116] Figure 3 It is the beam waist reinforcement result in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0117] Figure 4 It is the reinforcement result of column stirrups in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0118] Figure 5 This is the foundation reinforcement result in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0119] The units of calculated area and actual matching area are both mm, and the units of calculated area and actual matching area of ​​stirrups are Av / S. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0120] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0121] See also Figures 1 to 5 ;

[0122] The first embodiment is a method for automatically selecting reinforcement bars for concrete frame components, which mainly includes:

[0123] Selection of stirrups for concrete beams: The process of selecting stirrups for beams is refined into the steps of diameter selection, number of limbs selection, spacing selection, and reinforcement area comparison, and then refined into a general method, which aims to provide a systematic and efficient solution for the selection of stirrups for concrete frame components;

[0124] S101. Construct a selection list of stirrup diameters;

[0125] S10101. Sort the stirrup diameter library by radius from large to small and save it as a list;

[0126] S10102, adding the preferred diameter to the head of the list;

[0127] S102, determining the type of beam, where the type of beam includes frame beam and non-frame beam;

[0128] S10201. Select reinforcement in the order of calculation of encrypted area and non-encrypted area;

[0129] S1020101. Generate a list of spacings from large to small according to the maximum spacing, minimum spacing and spacing modulus of the encryption area;

[0130] S1020102. Add the preferred spacing to the head of the list, and remove the values ​​that do not meet the spacing requirements;

[0131] S103, constructing a genetic algorithm;

[0132] S10301, taking the range of diameter D, root number n and limb number m as input of the genetic algorithm;

[0133] S10302. Constructing the objective function Among them A cal represents the calculated reinforcement area, λ is the penalty coefficient;

[0134] S10303, setting the number of iterations, recording the optimal solution of the iteration process through selection, crossover and mutation operations, and obtaining the number of stirrups, diameter model and number of limbs in the reinforced area;

[0135] S104. When the current beam is a frame beam, the number of limbs and diameter of the non-reinforced area are consistent with those of the reinforced area, and only the spacing is calculated until the reinforcement requirements are met. When the current beam is a non-frame beam or there is no support at one end of the current beam, the configuration of the reinforced area and the non-reinforced area is the same, and the calculation result of the reinforced area is the final selection result.

[0136] Selection of longitudinal reinforcement for concrete beams: The entire beam is taken as the analysis object for overall reinforcement regulation to meet design factors such as different beam modes, such as frame beams or non-frame beams, different positions of a single span, such as left and right supports, upper mid-span, lower mid-span, whether the end is cantilevered, etc. According to the actual needs of the project, this method takes into account the differences in different beam reinforcement selection modes, and provides a flexible and targeted steel bar selection design scheme for different stress conditions and support constraints of multi-span beams.

[0137] During the design process, this method comprehensively considers multiple technical indicators and design requirements such as diameter selection library, steel bar spacing requirements, and row number restrictions. By carefully analyzing the stress characteristics and functional requirements of multi-span beam structures, it provides engineering designers with a comprehensive beam longitudinal reinforcement matching scheme design. By selecting steel bars for multi-span beams under different positions and functional requirements, the comprehensive performance optimization of concrete structures in terms of bearing capacity, deformation control, and durability is ensured.

[0138] In addition, this method focuses on the integrity and systematicness of the design scheme. On the basis of considering various design constraints, the genetic algorithm and the rule-based heuristic algorithm are respectively applied to the selection of steel bars in the lower part of the span and the joint selection of steel bars in other multiple positions. The diameter selection, layout method and quantity control of the longitudinal bars of the beam are reasonably coordinated to achieve the best design effect. By deeply studying the steel bar selection problem of multi-span beams and providing targeted solutions, this method not only improves the mechanical performance and overall stability of beam components, but also provides a useful reference for the progress of concrete structure design in engineering practice.

[0139] S201, determining the overlap mode in the middle of the beam: according to the overlap mode in the middle of the beam selected by the user, obtaining corresponding parameters, and determining whether the overlap is a normal mode or a mid-span upper reinforcement mode;

[0140] S202, support merging:

[0141] S203, finding the selected diameter of each single-span support position;

[0142] S204, set the number of through-length longitudinal reinforcements. According to the structural requirements, at least two through-reinforcements are required in the upper part of the mid-span. This stage does not discuss whether the existence of through-length reinforcements that pass through multiple spans is allowed. It is only used to indicate structural requirements.

[0143] S205, optional for upper mid-span;

[0144] S206, adjustment of reinforcement pattern of the entire length and the upper part of the span;

[0145] S207 support negative reinforcement updated;

[0146] S208, selection of lower reinforcement;

[0147] S20801, using the diameter D and the number of roots n as inputs of the genetic algorithm;

[0148] S20802. Constructing the objective function Among them A cal represents the calculated reinforcement area, λ is the penalty coefficient;

[0149] S20803. Set the number of iterations, record the optimal solution of the iteration process through selection, crossover and mutation operations, and obtain the number and diameter model of the reinforcement in the lower part of the mid-span;

[0150] S209, adjustment of the diameter model of the upper reinforcement in the mid-span;

[0151] S20901. Calculate the difference between the actual reinforcement area and the calculated area of ​​the left support, right support, and upper mid-span reinforcement of the current span, and take the minimum value S min ;

[0152] S20902, find the diameter model r1 of a smaller level that is closest to the current mid-span diameter model r0;

[0153] S20903, according to the formula: Get the corresponding number of changed roots;

[0154] S210, adjustment of the diameter model of the negative reinforcement of the bearing;

[0155] S21001. Calculate the difference between the actual area and the calculated area of ​​the current support, the longitudinal reinforcement and the upper reinforcement in the middle of the span, and take the minimum value S min , the rest of the updating method is the same as S209;

[0156] S211, record the reinforcement information;

[0157] S212, traverse each part, record the ratio of actual reinforcement area to calculated reinforcement area, and record the over-reinforcement ratio of selected reinforcement;

[0158] S213, traverse each part and allocate and select the number of rows of steel bars;

[0159] Concrete beam waist reinforcement selection: The type of waist reinforcement is determined by calculating the reinforcement area, including structural waist reinforcement and torsion waist reinforcement. For structural waist reinforcement, the number of bars is calculated according to the height of the beam and the maximum spacing of the waist reinforcement, and the appropriate diameter model is selected; for torsion waist reinforcement, the diameter models are sorted according to certain steps, and the appropriate diameter and number are determined through heuristic algorithms so that the bearing area meets the design requirements.

[0160] S301, dividing the waist reinforcement type according to the reinforcement area calculated for the current span waist reinforcement;

[0161] S302. If the calculated reinforcement area of ​​waist reinforcement is 0, it is structural waist reinforcement;

[0162] S30201. Determine whether structural waist reinforcement is required based on beam height requirements;

[0163] S3020101. The beam height is 0 and no structural waist reinforcement is provided;

[0164] S3020102. If the height is not 0, the minimum diameter is used as the steel bar model according to the formula: Calculate the number of roots, where H represents the beam height, S represents the spacing, and N represents the number of roots;

[0165] S30202. Calculate the reinforcement area based on the waist reinforcement and set the anti-torsion waist reinforcement;

[0166] S3020201. Sort the diameters according to the preferred diameter and the diameter selection library;

[0167] S3020202. Calculate in the order of increasing diameter and increasing number of roots, and select the diameter model and number of roots that meet the requirements.

[0168] Selection of reinforcement for concrete columns: First, select the direction with fewer limbs in the column for calculation, and record the stirrup diameter, number of limbs, and number of roots in this direction. Then, based on this information, further calculate the stirrup requirements in another direction. During the calculation process, first try to adjust the number of limbs. If increasing the number of limbs cannot meet the reinforcement area requirements, you need to adjust the diameter and spacing. This method takes into account the stress characteristics of the column and ensures that the column can provide sufficient support and seismic resistance in both the horizontal and longitudinal directions by reasonably selecting the diameter, number of limbs, and spacing of the stirrups.

[0169] S401, finding the direction with the smallest number of limbs in the horizontal and vertical directions of the column for calculation;

[0170] S402, the calculation formula and method are the same as S101, recording the current direction diameter, number of limbs, and number of roots;

[0171] S403, according to the result recorded in S402, obtain the stirrup information in another direction;

[0172] Concrete slab reinforcement selection: By sorting and adjusting the slab diameter and spacing list, calculations are performed with the goal of meeting design requirements to ensure that the reinforcement ratio meets the standards, thereby ensuring the structural safety and stability of the slab.

[0173] S501, sorting of floor slab diameter list;

[0174] S502, sorting of floor spacing list;

[0175] S503, perform trial calculations according to the principle of first changing the diameter and then changing the spacing until the requirements are met;

[0176] Selection of concrete foundation steel bars: By dividing and calculating the foundation in different directions, the diameter model spacing values ​​in each direction are obtained to ensure that the foundation design meets the structural requirements and bearing capacity requirements;

[0177] S601, dividing the foundation into top horizontal, top vertical, bottom horizontal, and bottom vertical;

[0178] S602, respectively calling the method for selecting and matching the steel bars of the concrete slab in each direction;

[0179] S603, record the diameter model spacing values ​​in each direction and return.

[0180] The second embodiment is a concrete frame member steel bar automatic matching system, which is used to execute the method of the first embodiment, including:

[0181] Concrete beam stirrup selection module: This module determines the optional range of stirrup diameters according to engineering design specifications and requirements, and generates a corresponding diameter list. According to the force characteristics, span and load distribution of the beam, the type of beam is identified, and the diameter, number of roots and number of limbs of the stirrups are recorded. Then, based on the above parameters, the genetic algorithm is used to automatically optimize the stirrup configuration to ensure that it meets the structural design specifications and safety requirements;

[0182] Concrete beam longitudinal reinforcement selection module: This module first clarifies the lap joint method of the longitudinal reinforcement in the middle of the beam and deals with the support merging problem. For each single-span support position, the system selects the appropriate steel bar diameter, and sets the model and quantity of the full-length longitudinal reinforcement, the upper mid-span reinforcement, the negative reinforcement of the support, and the lower mid-span reinforcement based on the rules. The lower mid-span reinforcement is an independent part, and the genetic algorithm is used for optimization calculation to achieve the optimal reinforcement area. The reinforcement selection of other parts follows the rule-based algorithm to ensure the reasonable association between the modules. Finally, the ratio of the actual reinforcement area to the calculated reinforcement area is recorded, the over-reinforcement rate of the selected reinforcement is controlled, and the number of steel bars is reasonably allocated to ensure the overall performance and safety of the beam;

[0183] Concrete beam waist reinforcement selection module: This module uses a heuristic algorithm to classify waist reinforcement types according to the calculated reinforcement area of ​​the current waist reinforcement and the beam height, and analyzes and calculates the selection of torsion-resistant waist reinforcement or structural waist reinforcement;

[0184] Concrete column reinforcement selection module: This module first calculates the direction with the smallest number of limbs in the horizontal and longitudinal directions of the column, records the diameter, number of limbs, and number of roots in the current direction, and then uses this as a reference to calculate the reinforcement information in the other direction;

[0185] Concrete slab reinforcement selection module: This module first sorts the slab diameter list, and then sorts the slab spacing list. The system performs trial calculations according to the principle of changing the diameter first and then the spacing until the design requirements are met;

[0186] Concrete foundation reinforcement selection module: This module first divides the foundation into four directions: top horizontal, top longitudinal, bottom horizontal and bottom longitudinal, and then calls the floor slab reinforcement configuration method for each direction. Finally, it records the diameter model and spacing value in each direction and returns them.

[0187] A third embodiment is a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned method for automatically selecting reinforcement bars for concrete frame components.

[0188] A fourth embodiment is a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which implements the above-mentioned method for automatic selection of reinforcement bars for concrete frame components when executed by a processor.

[0189] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When the use is implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product, the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present invention is generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website site, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode) to another website site, computer, server or data center. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state hard disk SolidState Disk (SSD)), etc.

[0190] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatically selecting steel bars for concrete frame components, characterized in that: include: Select stirrups for concrete beams: Determine the maximum and minimum diameter ranges of stirrups according to engineering design requirements and specifications, and generate a stirrup diameter selection list at a certain step length; Determine the type of beam according to its stress characteristics, span and load distribution; use genetic algorithms to optimize the diameter, number of stirrups and roots based on the type and stress characteristics of the beam; Selection of longitudinal reinforcement for concrete beams: clarify the lap joint method of the longitudinal reinforcement in the middle of the beam and merge the supports; select the applicable steel bar diameter according to the design specifications for each single-span support, and select the model and quantity of the full-length longitudinal reinforcement, the upper mid-span reinforcement, the negative support reinforcement, etc. based on the rules; ensure that the reinforcement configuration of each part meets the structural design requirements through rule-based algorithm calculations; for the selection of the lower mid-span reinforcement, adopt an independent calculation method and use genetic algorithms to optimize the combination of diameter and number of roots; record the ratio of the actual reinforcement area to the calculated reinforcement area of ​​each module, control the over-matching rate of selected reinforcement, and allocate the number of steel bars; Selection of concrete beam waist reinforcement: Determine whether torsional waist reinforcement is needed based on the calculated reinforcement area; if necessary, optimize the diameter model and number combination through a heuristic algorithm and select the configuration; if the reinforcement area is zero, determine whether to use structural waist reinforcement based on the height of the beam; Selection of concrete column reinforcement: According to the design requirements and stress analysis, select the direction with the least number of limbs in the transverse and longitudinal reinforcement of the concrete column for preliminary reinforcement calculation, record the reinforcement parameters such as the diameter, number of limbs and roots of the reinforcement in this direction, and determine the stirrup configuration in the other direction based on the calculated transverse or longitudinal reinforcement information; Select concrete slab reinforcement: sort the list of reinforcement diameters, sort the list of reinforcement spacing in the slab, and adjust the configuration according to the principle of adjusting the reinforcement diameter first and then adjusting the reinforcement spacing until the reinforcement configuration of the slab meets the design requirements; Selected concrete foundation reinforcement: According to the structure of the foundation, the reinforcement configuration is divided into four directions: top horizontal, top longitudinal, bottom horizontal and bottom longitudinal. The selected concrete floor reinforcement algorithm is applied to the four directions respectively, and the diameter, model and spacing of the reinforcement in each direction are recorded, and the configuration information is returned.

2. The method for automatically selecting and matching steel bars for concrete frame components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optional concrete beam stirrups are specifically: S101. Construct a selection list of stirrup diameters; S10101. Sort the stirrup diameter library by radius from large to small and save it as a list; S10102, adding the preferred diameter to the head of the list; S102, determining the type of beam, where the type of beam includes frame beam and non-frame beam; S10201. Select reinforcement in the order of calculation of encrypted area and non-encrypted area; S1020101. Generate a list of spacings from large to small according to the maximum spacing, minimum spacing and spacing modulus of the encryption area; S1020102. Add the preferred spacing to the head of the list, and remove the values ​​that do not meet the spacing requirements; S103, constructing a genetic algorithm; S10301, taking the range of diameter D, root number n and limb number m as input of the genetic algorithm; S10302. Constructing the objective function Among them A cal represents the calculated reinforcement area, λ is the penalty coefficient; S10303, setting the number of iterations, recording the optimal solution of the iteration process through selection, crossover and mutation operations, and obtaining the number of stirrups, diameter model and number of limbs in the reinforced area; S104. When the current beam is a frame beam, the number of limbs and diameter of the non-reinforced area are consistent with those of the reinforced area, and only the spacing is calculated until the reinforcement requirements are met. When the current beam is a non-frame beam or there is no support at one end of the current beam, the configuration of the reinforced area and the non-reinforced area is the same, and the calculation result of the reinforced area is the final selection result.

3. The method for automatically selecting and matching steel bars for concrete frame components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optional concrete beam longitudinal reinforcement is specifically: S201, determining the overlap mode in the middle of the beam: according to the selected overlap mode in the middle of the beam, obtaining corresponding parameters, and determining whether the overlap is a normal mode or a mid-span upper reinforcement mode; S202, support merging: S20201. Determine the conditions at both ends of the multi-span beam and merge them; S2020101. If there are cantilevers at both ends, and the merging mode includes cantilever merging, the calculated area of ​​the corresponding cantilever end and the connected beam support shall be set to the same value; S20202. Traverse the multi-span beams and merge the areas of the beams that meet the conditions; S2020201. If merging is allowed, and the calculated reinforcement area and ratio difference between the current beam and the adjacent beam support are within the allowable range, select the maximum value of the calculated reinforcement area to assign a value to the beam support area; S203, finding the selected diameter of each single-span support position; S20301, optimal diameter and reinforcement diameter library processing; S2030101. Sort the diameters of the selected reinforcement library from large to small according to the diameter size; S20302. Calculate the optimal diameter; S2030201. According to the calculated reinforcement area and the preferred diameter model of the current support, the required number of steel bars is calculated; S2030202. Check whether the number of roots is within the range; S20303. When the optimal diameter does not meet the number requirement, steel bars are selected from the diameter selection library for trial calculation; S2030301. When the number of calculated roots of the preferred diameter is less than the minimum number of roots, the calculation is started from the model closest to the preferred diameter in the diameter selection library towards the smaller diameter until the root number condition is met; S2030302. When the number of calculated roots of the preferred diameter is greater than the maximum number of roots, start from the model closest to the preferred diameter in the diameter selection library and try to calculate in the direction of the larger diameter until the root number condition is met; S204. Set the number of through-length longitudinal reinforcements. According to the structural requirements, at least two through-strand reinforcements are required in the upper mid-span. S205, optional for upper mid-span; S20501. Calculate the number and diameter of the reinforcement required for the upper mid-span; S2050101. The diameter of the upper reinforcement in the mid-span should be the same as that of the support; S2050102, the number of bars in the upper part of the mid-span is calculated according to the reinforcement area calculated at the corresponding position and the current diameter model and the number of longitudinal bars; S20502. Adjust the number of roots according to the reinforcement pattern; S2050201. When the use of reinforcement bars is permitted, the upper reinforcement in the mid-span shall not be adjusted for the time being. S2050202. When the use of reinforcement bars is not allowed, the number of upper reinforcement bars shall be adjusted according to the minimum number requirement; S205020201. In the middle of a single span where the number of steel bars is less than the minimum requirement, fill in the steel bars to the minimum number; S205020202. If the minimum number of roots is met, no processing will be done for the time being; S206, adjustment of reinforcement pattern of the entire length and the upper part of the span; S20601. If the small diameter or mid-span upper reinforcement mode is selected, all diameters and numbers of the full-length longitudinal reinforcement are superimposed to the mid-span upper reinforcement position, and the full-length longitudinal reinforcement is left blank; S20602, if the full-length longitudinal reinforcement mode is selected, no adjustment is made for the time being; S207, update of negative reinforcement of bearings; S20701. If there are full-length longitudinal reinforcements, subtract the number of full-length longitudinal reinforcements from the number of reinforcements at the support. S20702. If there are upper mid-span reinforcements, subtract the number of upper mid-span reinforcements from the number of reinforcements at the support; S208, selection of lower reinforcement; S20801, using the diameter D and the number of roots n as inputs of the genetic algorithm; S20802. Constructing the objective function Among them A cal represents the calculated reinforcement area, λ is the penalty coefficient; S20803. Set the number of iterations, record the optimal solution of the iteration process through selection, crossover and mutation operations, and obtain the number and diameter model of the reinforcement in the lower part of the mid-span; S209, adjustment of the diameter model of the upper reinforcement in the mid-span; S20901. Calculate the difference between the actual reinforcement area and the calculated area of ​​the left support, right support, and upper mid-span reinforcement of the current span, and take the minimum value S min ; S20902, find the diameter model r1 of a smaller level that is closest to the current mid-span diameter model r0; S20903, according to the formula: Get the corresponding number of changed roots; S210, adjustment of the diameter model of the negative reinforcement of the bearing; S21001. Calculate the difference between the actual area and the calculated area of ​​the current support, the longitudinal reinforcement and the upper reinforcement in the middle of the span, and take the minimum value S min , the rest of the updating method is the same as S209; S211, record the reinforcement information; S21101. If it is set that the use of reinforcement bars is not allowed, S211 ends; S21102. If the use of reinforcement bars is allowed, traverse the number of bars in the mid-span of each span. If the number of bars does not meet the minimum number, add reinforcement bars until the total number of bars in the mid-span meets the minimum number requirement. S212, traverse each part, record the ratio of the actual reinforcement area to the calculated reinforcement area, and record the over-reinforcement ratio of the selected reinforcement; S213, traverse each part and allocate and select the row number information of the steel bars.

4. The method for automatically selecting and matching reinforcement bars for concrete frame members according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optional concrete beam waist reinforcement is specifically: S301, calculating the reinforcement area according to the current span waist reinforcement and classifying the waist reinforcement types; S302. If the calculated reinforcement area of ​​waist reinforcement is 0, it is structural waist reinforcement; S30201. Determine whether structural waist reinforcement is required based on the effective height requirements of the beam; S3020101. If the effective height H is 0, no structural waist reinforcement shall be provided; S3020102. If the effective height is not 0, the minimum diameter is used as the steel bar model according to the formula: Calculate the number of roots, where H represents the beam height, S represents the spacing, and N represents the number of roots; S30202. Calculate the reinforcement area based on the waist reinforcement and set the anti-torsion waist reinforcement; S3020201. Sort the diameters according to the preferred diameter and the diameter selection library; S3020202. Calculate in the order of increasing diameter and increasing number of roots, and select the diameter model and number of roots that meet the requirements.

5. The method for automatically selecting and matching reinforcement bars for concrete frame members according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete column reinforcements are specifically selected as follows: S401, taking the direction with the smallest number of limbs in the horizontal and vertical directions of the column for calculation; S402, the calculation formula and method are the same as S101, recording the current direction diameter, number of limbs, and number of roots; S403, according to the result recorded in S402, obtain the stirrup information in another direction; S40301, first fix the diameter and number of roots, and only change the number of limbs; S40302. If the number of limbs increases to the maximum and still does not meet the area ratio requirements, adjustments shall be made according to the principle of increasing the diameter and reducing the spacing.

6. The method for automatically selecting and matching reinforcement bars for concrete frame members according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete slab reinforcements are specifically selected as follows: S501, sorting of floor slab diameter list; S502, sorting of floor spacing list; S50201. Adjust the spacing list of modular components according to the maximum spacing and the minimum spacing, and save the spacing list in descending order; S50202, adding the preferred spacing to the header of the S50202 list, and removing the spacing values ​​that are not within the allowed spacing range; S503. Perform trial calculations based on the principle of changing the diameter first and then the spacing until the reinforcement requirements are met.

7. The method for automatically selecting and matching reinforcement bars for concrete frame members according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete foundation reinforcement is specifically selected as follows: S601, dividing the foundation into top horizontal, top vertical, bottom horizontal, and bottom vertical; S602, respectively calling the method for selecting and matching the steel bars of the concrete slab in each direction; S603, record the diameter model spacing values ​​in each direction and return.

8. An automatic steel bar selection system for concrete frame components, characterized in that: include: Concrete beam stirrup selection module: Determine the maximum and minimum diameter range of stirrups according to engineering design requirements and specifications, and generate a stirrup diameter selection list according to a certain step length; determine the type of beam according to the beam's stress characteristics, span and load distribution; and use genetic algorithms to optimize the diameter, number of limbs and number of stirrups based on the type and stress characteristics of the beam; Concrete beam longitudinal reinforcement selection module: clarify the lap joint method of the longitudinal reinforcement in the middle of the beam and merge the supports; for each single-span support, select the applicable steel bar diameter according to the design specifications, and select the model and quantity of the full-length longitudinal reinforcement, the upper mid-span reinforcement, the support negative reinforcement, etc. based on the rules; ensure that the reinforcement configuration of each part meets the structural design requirements through rule-based algorithm calculation, and for the selection of the lower mid-span reinforcement, use an independent calculation method and use a genetic algorithm to optimize the combination of diameter and number of roots; record the ratio of the actual reinforcement area to the calculated reinforcement area of ​​each module, control the over-matching rate of selected reinforcement, and allocate the number of steel bars; Concrete beam waist reinforcement selection module: Determine whether torsional waist reinforcement is needed based on the calculated reinforcement area; if necessary, optimize the diameter model and root number combination through a heuristic algorithm and select the configuration; if the reinforcement area is zero, determine whether to use structural waist reinforcement based on the height of the beam; Concrete column reinforcement selection module: According to the design requirements and stress analysis, select the direction with fewer limbs in the transverse and longitudinal reinforcement of the concrete column for preliminary reinforcement calculation, record the reinforcement parameters such as the diameter, number of limbs and roots of the steel bar in this direction, and determine the stirrup configuration in the other direction based on the calculated transverse or longitudinal reinforcement information; Concrete slab reinforcement selection module: sort the list of steel bar diameters, sort the list of steel bar spacing in the slab, and adjust the configuration according to the principle of adjusting the steel bar diameter first and then adjusting the steel bar spacing until the steel bar configuration of the slab meets the design requirements; Concrete foundation reinforcement selection module: According to the structure of the foundation, the reinforcement configuration is divided into four directions: top horizontal, top longitudinal, bottom horizontal and bottom longitudinal. The algorithm for selecting concrete floor reinforcement is applied to the four directions respectively, and the diameter, model and spacing of the reinforcement in each direction are recorded, and the configuration information is returned.

9. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, it is the method for automatically selecting reinforcement bars for concrete frame components as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method for automatic selection of reinforcement bars for concrete frame members according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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