Preparation method of anti-slip and antibacterial ceramic tile and anti-slip and antibacterial ceramic tile

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of anti-slip and antibacterial ceramic tiles and the technical field of ceramic tiles. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1. preparing an ionic antibacterial agent: mixing an inorganic antibacterial agent and an organic antibacterial agent in a molar ratio of (15-30):1, adding glycerol, reacting at 150-200°C for 24 hours, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain the ionic antibacterial agent; S2. preparing an antibacterial and anti-slip wax water: mixing a thermoplastic material and a solvent in a mass ratio of 1:(9-16) and stirring until the thermoplastic material is dissolved, adding a colorant and the ionic antibacterial agent, stirring in a water bath to form a suspension to obtain the antibacterial and anti-slip wax water; the mass ratio of the ionic antibacterial agent to the thermoplastic material is 1:(20-30); S3. surface treatment: coating the antibacterial and anti-slip wax water on the surface of a ceramic tile body, baking and curing, and forming the antibacterial and antibacterial ceramic tile with a convex structure on the surface. In the present invention, the inorganic antibacterial agent is adsorbed on the surface of the thermoplastic material to wrap it, thereby achieving a long-lasting antibacterial effect; the thermoplastic material forms a convex structure on the brick surface to increase the anti-slip effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tiles, and in particular to a preparation method of anti-skid and antibacterial ceramic tiles and the anti-skid and antibacterial ceramic tiles. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, ceramic manufacturers have developed a variety of functional tiles to meet the needs of various user scenarios. In humid environments like bathrooms and kitchens, bacteria easily grow on tile surfaces, forming biofilms and posing a slipping hazard. To address this issue, the industry has developed products such as negative oxygen ion antibacterial tiles and antibacterial glaze tiles, which achieve microbial suppression by adding antimicrobial agents such as silver ions and photocatalysts.

[0003] Although ceramic tile products with both antibacterial and anti-slip functions have appeared in the existing technology, technical bottlenecks are still found in actual applications. For example, the durability of its anti-slip performance is positively correlated with the attenuation of its antibacterial efficacy. As the antibacterial ingredients are slowly released, the surface friction coefficient shows a downward trend, and its anti-slip durability and long-term antibacterial performance cannot meet the use requirements.

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution to solve the existing technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application discloses a method for preparing anti-slip and antibacterial tiles and the anti-slip and antibacterial tiles. The method for preparing anti-slip and antibacterial tiles provided solves the problem that the anti-slip durability and long-term antibacterial properties of traditional tiles cannot meet the use requirements by compounding inorganic antibacterial agents, organic antibacterial agents and thermoplastic materials.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The first object of the present application is to provide a method for preparing anti-slip and antibacterial tiles, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Preparation of ionic antimicrobial agent: The inorganic antimicrobial agent and the organic antimicrobial agent were mixed in a molar ratio of (15-30): 1, glycerol was added, and the reaction was carried out at 150-200 ℃ for 24 hours, and the ionic antimicrobial agent was obtained by centrifugation, washing and drying;

[0009] S2 preparation of antibacterial anti-slip wax water: the thermoplastic material and the solvent according to the mass ratio of 1: (9-16) mixed and stirred until the thermoplastic material is dissolved, add the colorant and the ionic antibacterial agent, stirring in a water bath to form a suspension to obtain antibacterial anti-slip wax water;

[0010] Wherein, the mass ratio of the ionic antibacterial agent to the thermoplastic material is 1:(20-30);

[0011] S3. Surface treatment: applying the antibacterial and anti-skid wax water to the surface of the ceramic tile body, baking and curing, and forming an anti-skid and antibacterial ceramic tile with a raised structure on the surface.

[0012] In some specific embodiments, the inorganic antibacterial agent is one or more of zinc oxide, silver oxide or copper oxide.

[0013] In some specific embodiments, the organic antimicrobial agent is one or more of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, heptadecyltrimethylammonium bromide or nonadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.

[0014] In some specific embodiments, the thermoplastic material is polylactic acid, PP, PE, or PVA, and the solvent is water, chloroform, or tetrachloromethane.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, the molar ratio of the inorganic antimicrobial agent to the organic antimicrobial agent is (18-22):1.

[0016] In some specific embodiments, the mass ratio of the ionic antimicrobial agent to the thermoplastic material is 1:(25-29).

[0017] In some specific embodiments, the antibacterial and anti-slip wax coating has a thickness of 30-100 μm.

[0018] In some specific embodiments, the ceramic tile body is a white ceramic tile, and the colorant is titanium dioxide.

[0019] The second purpose of this application is to provide a non-slip and antibacterial tile made according to the above preparation method.

[0020] In some specific embodiments, the static friction coefficient of the antibacterial and anti-slip tiles is ≥0.65, and the long-term antibacterial rate is >91%.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The preparation method described in the present application compounds an inorganic antibacterial agent (such as zinc oxide) with a thermoplastic material. By pretreating the zinc oxide, the zinc oxide is adsorbed on the surface of the thermoplastic material and wraps the thermoplastic material, thereby achieving a highly effective antibacterial effect. At the same time, the thermoplastic material can form a raised structure on the surface of the tile to increase the anti-slip effect.

[0023] The anti-slip and antibacterial ceramic tiles described in this application have a static friction coefficient of ≥0.65 and a long-term antibacterial rate of more than 91%. They have good anti-slip properties and excellent long-term antibacterial properties; they can achieve both anti-slip and antibacterial purposes in long-term use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the surface structure of the anti-slip and antibacterial ceramic tile of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the microscope structure of the anti-slip and antibacterial ceramic tile of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. The contents mentioned in the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] As used herein, "and / or" includes the term of any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The terms used herein are only used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "an" and "the" are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It is further understood that "including", when used in this specification, specifies the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not preclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It is further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, are interpreted in accordance with their meanings in the context of the relevant art and are not idealized or overly formalized unless expressly defined otherwise herein.

[0030] The exemplary inventions described herein may suitably lack any one or more element limitations not specifically disclosed herein. Therefore, terms such as "comprises," "includes," "contains," and the like should be understood broadly and non-restrictively. In addition, the terminology used herein is used as a description, not a limitation, and it is unintentional to use these terminology expressions that do not include any equivalent characteristics, but only describe a portion of their characteristics, but various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention according to the rights. Therefore, although the present invention has been specifically disclosed through preferred embodiments and optional features, the modifications disclosed herein to embody the changes of the invention may be recorded by those skilled in the art, and such modifications and changes will be considered to be within the scope of the invention.

[0031] The raw material or reagent used in the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative example are all purchased from the market mainstream manufacturers, and the manufacturer or concentration are not specified. They are all the raw material or reagent of the analytical grade that can be conventionally obtained. As long as the desired effect can be achieved, there are no particular restrictions. The instrument and equipment used in the present embodiment are all purchased from the main manufacturers in the market. As long as the desired effect can be achieved, there are no particular restrictions. In the present embodiment, the specific technology or conditions are not specified. The technology or conditions described in the document in this area or the product specification are carried out.

[0032] Ceramic tiles are widely used in high-humidity environments such as bathrooms, kitchens, and balconies due to their decorative and functional properties. However, traditional ceramic tiles have two core defects in long-term humid environments: they are prone to bacterial growth and their surface is slippery, leading to health and safety hazards and the risk of slipping. Although a variety of functional ceramic tiles have appeared on the market to address the above issues, existing technologies are generally unable to effectively achieve long-term antibacterial and anti-slip properties. In order to achieve long-term anti-slip and antibacterial properties of ceramic tiles, this application provides a method for preparing anti-slip and antibacterial ceramic tiles, comprising the following steps:

[0033] S1. Preparation of ionic antimicrobial agent: The inorganic antimicrobial agent and the organic antimicrobial agent were mixed in a molar ratio of (15-30): 1, glycerol was added, and the reaction was carried out at 150-200 ℃ for 24 hours, and the ionic antimicrobial agent was obtained by centrifugation, washing and drying;

[0034] Among them, the inorganic antibacterial agent is one or more of zinc oxide, silver oxide or copper oxide; the organic antibacterial agent is one or more of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, heptadecyltrimethylammonium bromide or nonadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.

[0035] In some specific embodiments, the inorganic antibacterial agent is nano zinc oxide.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, the molar ratio of the inorganic antibacterial agent to the organic antibacterial agent is (18-22):1.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the molar ratio of the inorganic antimicrobial agent to the organic antimicrobial agent is 20:1.

[0038] S2 preparation of antibacterial anti-slip wax water: the thermoplastic material and the solvent according to the mass ratio of 1: (9-16) was mixed, the colorant and the ionic antibacterial agent prepared in S1 were added, and stirred in a water bath to form a suspension to obtain antibacterial anti-slip wax water;

[0039] Wherein, the mass ratio of the ionic antimicrobial agent to the thermoplastic material is 1:(20-30);

[0040] The thermoplastic material is one of polylactic acid, PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), and PVA (polyvinyl alcohol). The solvent is selected from water, chloroform, or tetrachloromethane, depending on the thermoplastic material. The solvent is used to dissolve the thermoplastic material. For example, when the thermoplastic material is a non-polar material such as polylactic acid or PP, an organic solvent such as chloroform or tetrachloromethane is selected; when the thermoplastic material is a polar material such as polylactic acid, water is selected as the solvent.

[0041] In some specific embodiments, the mass ratio of the ionic antimicrobial agent to the thermoplastic material is 1:(25-29).

[0042] In a specific embodiment, the mass ratio of the ionic antimicrobial agent to the thermoplastic material is 1:29.

[0043] In the antibacterial and anti-slip wax water, the thermoplastic material is dissolved in a solvent (such as chloroform). During the water bath heating process, the solvent will evaporate, the thermoplastic material will precipitate, and grow with the pigment as the crystal nucleus. Combined with high-speed stirring, the thermoplastic material is dispersed to avoid agglomeration. In this process, the ionic zinc oxide wraps the thermoplastic material to form a suspension.

[0044] S3. Surface treatment: The antibacterial and anti-slip wax prepared in S2 is applied to the surface of the ceramic tile body, baked and cured to form an anti-slip and antibacterial ceramic tile with a raised structure on the surface.

[0045] The baking temperature is above the boiling point of the solvent and below the melting point of the thermoplastic. For example, when PP is used as the thermoplastic material and chloroform is used as the solvent, the baking temperature is set to 100°C. After the antibacterial and anti-slip wax is applied to the surface of the tile, baking is performed to soften the thermoplastic material and adhere it to the surface of the tile.

[0046] In some specific embodiments, the antibacterial and anti-slip wax coating has a thickness of 30-100 μm.

[0047] The antibacterial principle of the present invention is:

[0048] Inorganic antimicrobial agents (such as zinc oxide) undergo high-temperature and high-pressure reactions with polyhydroxy organic matter to generate polyhydroxy structures (such as ZnO-OH) on their surfaces. Polyhydroxy zinc oxide and the quaternary ammonium salt groups of organic antimicrobial agents (such as dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide) chemically combine to form R-(NH4⁺)-O-(ZnO)-O-, generating a positive and negative potential difference. By controlling the ratio of inorganic antimicrobial agents to organic antimicrobial agents, polyhydroxy zinc oxide reacts locally, and a potential difference is formed between the reacted area and the unreacted area. The surface of the bacterial cell membrane is usually negatively charged, and the positively charged area of the composite antimicrobial agent destroys the bacterial membrane structure through electrostatic adsorption and contact sterilization, thereby enhancing the sterilization efficiency.

[0049] The anti-slip principle of this application is as follows: zinc oxide will be adsorbed on the surface of the thermoplastic material during the preparation process, wrapping the thermoplastic material. After baking, the thermoplastic material will form a raised structure on the surface of the tile body to achieve an anti-slip effect. The thermoplastic material maintains rigidity at room temperature, and after baking and softening, it can be tightly bonded to the tile body to form a wear-resistant coating. Thermoplastic materials have excellent durability, stable performance and wear resistance in long-term use; they are also resistant to water and chemical corrosion, and can be used in humid, acidic and alkaline environments, effectively avoiding the problems of traditional rubber coatings that are prone to aging and peeling.

[0050] Using glycerol as the primary solvent to dissolve the inorganic antimicrobial agent (such as zinc oxide) and the organic antimicrobial agent (such as dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide) ensures full contact and uniform mixing during the high-temperature reaction. Glycerol's high boiling point (approximately 290°C) allows it to remain liquid at reaction temperatures of 150-200°C, preventing volatilization and system instability. Furthermore, during the high-temperature and high-pressure reaction, the polar hydroxyl groups (-OH) of glycerol may hydrogen bond with the zinc oxide surface, promoting the formation of a polyhydroxy zinc oxide complex. This complex structure enhances the charge distribution (e.g., localized positive / negative potential difference) of the ionic antimicrobial agent, thereby improving its bactericidal efficacy. Furthermore, glycerol's high viscosity prevents agglomeration of unreacted particles during centrifugation and washing, ensuring the purity and dispersion of the ionic antimicrobial solid.

[0051] In one specific embodiment, the ceramic tile body is white, and the colorant is titanium dioxide. In other embodiments, the ceramic tile body may be made of other colors, such as red, black, or blue, and the corresponding inorganic colorant may be iron red, iron black, or phthalocyanine blue, etc., as the crystal nucleus, without limitation. It should be noted that choosing a colorant that is close to the color of the ceramic tile body surface can minimize the appearance of the ceramic tile and reduce the possibility of color spots on the surface of the raised structures that may affect the appearance.

[0052] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention also provides:

[0053] A non-slip and antibacterial tile, referring to Figure 1 , prepared by the method described above.

[0054] Furthermore, the anti-slip and antibacterial ceramic tiles provided by the present invention have a static friction coefficient of ≥0.65 and a long-term antibacterial rate of >91%.

[0055] Reference Figure 2 In a specific embodiment, the surface roughness of the anti-slip antibacterial tile produced by the above method is Sa = 30.9. The anti-slip antibacterial tile has a high surface roughness and can effectively reduce the risk of slipping when used in humid environments (such as bathrooms and kitchens).

[0056] The following is a further description of the method for preparing the anti-slip and antibacterial tiles and the anti-slip and antibacterial tiles of the present invention in conjunction with specific examples and comparative examples:

[0057] Example 1:

[0058] S1. Preparation of ionic antimicrobial agents:

[0059] First, take 8.14g of zinc oxide, 1.54g of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide and 250ml of glycerol and stir them to mix them evenly (the molar ratio of inorganic antimicrobial agent to organic antimicrobial agent is 20:1);

[0060] Then, the mixture was poured into a reaction kettle (500 ml polytetrafluoroethylene lining) and kept at 150-200 °C for 24 h;

[0061] Next, the reaction product was taken out and poured into a centrifuge tube, centrifuged for 2 minutes, and the ionic antibacterial solid precipitate was taken out, rinsed with ethanol, and then placed in a vacuum oven for drying to obtain the ionic antibacterial agent;

[0062] S2. Preparation of antibacterial and anti-slip wax water:

[0063] First, 7 g of PP was added to 93 g of chloroform and stirred until the PP was completely dissolved;

[0064] Then, 0.24 g of ionic antimicrobial agent was added and stirred at room temperature for 3 h;

[0065] Next, add 0.1g of titanium dioxide, heat the mixture in a water bath at 60°C, and stir at high speed (800r / min) using a disperser. Remove the mixture after the solution turns white and unclear to obtain antibacterial and anti-slip wax water.

[0066] S3.Surface treatment:

[0067] First, use a sponge brush to apply antibacterial and anti-slip wax water on the surface of white tiles;

[0068] Then, the temperature was raised to 100°C to bake the coated tiles and kept warm for 30 minutes;

[0069] Finally, the tiles are taken out and cooled to room temperature to obtain antibacterial and anti-slip white tiles.

[0070] Example 2:

[0071] The difference from Example 1 is that polylactic acid is selected as the thermoplastic material, and the baking temperature is adjusted to 80° C. and the holding time is 20 minutes during the surface treatment stage.

[0072] Example 3:

[0073] The difference from Example 1 is that the (molar ratio) inorganic antibacterial agent: organic antibacterial agent = 15:1.

[0074] Example 4:

[0075] The difference from Example 1 is that the (molar ratio) inorganic antibacterial agent: organic antibacterial agent = 10:1.

[0076] Example 5:

[0077] The difference from Example 1 is that the (molar ratio) inorganic antibacterial agent: organic antibacterial agent = 25:1.

[0078] Example 6:

[0079] The difference from Example 1 is that the (molar ratio) inorganic antibacterial agent: organic antibacterial agent = 30:1.

[0080] Example 7:

[0081] The difference from Example 1 is that the (mass ratio) ionic antibacterial agent:thermoplastic material = 20:1.

[0082] Example 8:

[0083] The difference from Example 1 is that the (mass ratio) ionic antibacterial agent:thermoplastic material = 25:1.

[0084] Example 9:

[0085] The difference from Example 1 is that the (mass ratio) ionic antibacterial agent:thermoplastic material = 30:1.

[0086] Example 10:

[0087] The difference from Example 1 is that (mass ratio) thermoplastic material: solvent = 10:90.

[0088] Example 11:

[0089] The difference from Example 1 is that (mass ratio) thermoplastic material: solvent = 8:92.

[0090] Example 12:

[0091] The difference from Example 1 is that (mass ratio) thermoplastic material: solvent = 6:94.

[0092] Comparative Example 1:

[0093] Antibacterial glazed tiles available.

[0094] Comparative Example 2:

[0095] Antibacterial wax water bricks are available.

[0096] Each embodiment and comparative example was tested respectively, and the test results were analyzed.

[0097] The following details the test steps and methods for each test item:

[0098] National standard antibacterial rate test:

[0099] Referring to the test standard of JC / T 897-2014, the detection method is the static immersion method, such as statically immersing the tiles for 24 hours, which is mainly used to evaluate the initial antibacterial properties of the tiles.

[0100] Testing standard: The antibacterial rate of ceramic products against designated bacteria (such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) should be ≥90%

[0101] The antibacterial rate calculation formula is as follows:

[0102]

[0103] Long-term antibacterial rate detection:

[0104] Detection method: Escherichia coli spiked solution immersion test.

[0105] Long-term antibacterial rate testing steps:

[0106] 1. Sample pretreatment: Rinse the surface of a 200mm x 200mm tile with ultrapure water for 5 hours to remove any residual antimicrobial agent on the surface; then soak for 3 hours and rinse again for 1 hour to ensure that there is no free antimicrobial agent on the tile surface that may interfere with the test.

[0107] 2. Bacterial inoculation: Prepare a standard solution of E. coli with a concentration of 100,000 ± 5,000 cfu / L using pure water; completely immerse the pretreated tiles in the solution and allow to soak for 24 hours.

[0108] 3. Rinse and sampling: Remove the tiles, rinse the surface with 1L of pure water, and collect all the rinse fluid; test the bacterial concentration of the rinse fluid and record the final colony count.

[0109] Testing standard: After long-term use or simulated environment testing, the antibacterial performance retention rate should be ≥85%.

[0110] The calculation formula for long-term antibacterial rate is as follows:

[0111]

[0112] Static friction coefficient test:

[0113] Testing method: Test in accordance with GB / T 4100 standard.

[0114] Testing standards: ordinary areas ≥0.50; high humidity areas ≥0.70.

[0115] Based on the above test contents, the relevant results are summarized in Table 1:

[0116] Table 1

[0117]

[0118] As can be seen from Table 1, the national standard antibacterial rate of the anti-slip antibacterial tiles prepared in Examples 1-12 all reached 99.99%, indicating that the anti-slip antibacterial tiles prepared have strong initial antibacterial properties; the long-term antibacterial properties of Examples 1-12 also reached more than 91%, and their long-term antibacterial rates were much higher than the long-term antibacterial standards, indicating that the anti-slip antibacterial tiles have strong antibacterial durability; the static friction coefficients of Examples 1-12 are all ≥0.65, which shows that the anti-slip antibacterial tiles prepared by the present invention meet the anti-slip requirements of ordinary areas, and the static friction coefficients of multiple raw material ratios (such as Examples 1-9) are ≥0.71, which shows that the tiles prepared under these raw material ratios have better anti-slip properties and can be used in high-humidity areas. The antibacterial glazed tiles in Comparative Example 1 are weaker than the anti-slip antibacterial tiles of the present invention in terms of initial antibacterial effect, and their long-term antibacterial effect and anti-slip effect are also inferior to the anti-slip antibacterial tiles of the present invention; the antibacterial wax water bricks in Comparative Example 2 have almost no long-term antibacterial performance, and their anti-slip performance is also inferior to the anti-slip antibacterial tiles of the present invention.

[0119] In summary, compared with the existing antibacterial glazed tiles or antibacterial wax water tiles, the anti-slip antibacterial tiles prepared by the present invention can take into account the initial antibacterial performance, long-term antibacterial and anti-slip performance, and have long-term stability in anti-slip and antibacterial properties.

[0120] The above embodiments are preferred implementation schemes of the present invention. In addition, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways. Any obvious replacement without departing from the concept of the present invention is within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing anti-slip and antibacterial tiles, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preparation of ionic antimicrobial agent: The inorganic antimicrobial agent and the organic antimicrobial agent were mixed in a molar ratio of (15-30): 1, glycerol was added, and the reaction was carried out at 150-200 ℃ for 24 hours, and the ionic antimicrobial agent was obtained by centrifugation, washing and drying; Wherein, the organic antibacterial agent is one or more of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, heptadecyltrimethylammonium bromide or nonadecyltrimethylammonium bromide; The inorganic antibacterial agent is one or more of zinc oxide, silver oxide or copper oxide; S2 preparation of antibacterial anti-slip wax water: the thermoplastic material and the solvent according to the mass ratio of 1: (9-16) mixed and stirred until the thermoplastic material is dissolved, add the colorant and the ionic antibacterial agent, stirring in a water bath to form a suspension to obtain antibacterial anti-slip wax water; The thermoplastic material is polylactic acid, PP, PE or PVA, and the solvent is water, chloroform or tetrachloromethane; Wherein, the mass ratio of the ionic antibacterial agent to the thermoplastic material is 1:(20-30); S3. Surface treatment: applying the antibacterial and anti-skid wax water to the surface of the ceramic tile body, baking and curing, and forming an anti-skid and antibacterial ceramic tile with a raised structure on the surface.

2. The method for preparing anti-slip and antibacterial tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molar ratio of the inorganic antibacterial agent to the organic antibacterial agent is (18-22):

1.

3. The method for preparing anti-slip and antibacterial tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the ionic antibacterial agent to the thermoplastic material is 1:(25-29).

4. The method for preparing anti-slip and antibacterial tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coating thickness of the antibacterial and anti-slip wax water is 30-100 μm.

5. The method for preparing anti-slip and antibacterial tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic tile body is a white ceramic tile, and the colorant is titanium dioxide. 6.Anti-slip and antibacterial ceramic tile, characterized by: It is prepared according to the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The anti-slip and antibacterial ceramic tile according to claim 6, characterized in that: The antibacterial and anti-slip ceramic tiles have a static friction coefficient of ≥0.65 and a long-term antibacterial rate of >91%.

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