Energy-saving assembly and triple-effect multistage evaporator comprising same

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of evaporators, and discloses an energy-saving assembly and a triple-effect multistage evaporator comprising the energy-saving assembly, the energy-saving assembly comprises a heat exchange assembly, a separation assembly is arranged on one side of the heat exchange assembly, the heat exchange assembly comprises a tube shell, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the tube shell, and the heat exchange tubes are arranged in the tube shell. A flow guide assembly and a defoaming assembly are arranged in the tube shell, the flow guide assembly comprises a baffle plate and an adjusting plate, the adjusting plate is arranged above the baffle plate, the baffle plate is arranged on the heat exchange tube, a plurality of mounting grooves are formed in the surface of the adjusting plate, a movable plate is arranged in the adjusting plate, and the movable plate is arranged in the mounting grooves. The two ends of the movable plate are each provided with a plurality of first puncture needles. Through cooperation of the flow guide assembly and the defoaming assembly, bubbles adhered to the surface of the heat exchange tube or a scale layer formed by residue accumulation caused by long-time heating can be conveniently scraped and cleaned, and meanwhile, the bubbles in the tube shell can be subjected to adsorption type defoaming treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of evaporators, in particular to an energy-saving component and a triple-effect multi-stage evaporator comprising the component. Background Art

[0002] As an advanced evaporation equipment, the triple-effect multi-stage evaporator is widely used in the evaporation and concentration process of liquid materials in the fields of pharmaceuticals, chemicals, food and light industry. It has a short physical heating time, fast evaporation speed, and high concentration ratio. It can effectively maintain the original effect of the material and has a significant energy-saving effect. It is usually composed of three evaporators in series, each evaporator is called one effect. By utilizing steam thermal energy in multiple stages, it greatly improves the energy utilization efficiency and reduces the overall energy consumption.

[0003] For example, the patent with application number 202020379889X discloses a triple-effect evaporator with energy-saving function, including a first-effect heat exchanger, a first-effect separator, a second-effect heat exchanger, a second-effect separator, a triple-effect heat exchanger, and a triple-effect separator. The steam inlet of the triple-effect separator is connected to the first steam recovery pipe through a tertiary steam pipe, and one port of the first steam recovery pipe is connected to the inlet of the heat pump. The device can reuse water vapor by adding a first steam recovery pipe and a second steam recovery pipe, thereby reducing the overall energy consumption and production cost of the equipment. However, the existing steam utilization efficiency is low and the energy consumption is high.

[0004] However, in the above-mentioned prior art, during the evaporation and concentration process, the temperature rise will cause the foaming degree of the liquid material to increase, and too much air bubble will affect the contact area between the liquid material and the heat exchange tube, resulting in insufficient heat exchange and low steam utilization efficiency, causing energy waste; and during the evaporation process, the air bubbles and the liquid material combine on the surface of the heat exchange tube or the inner wall of the shell to form a concentrated film, and after a long period of heating, its residues accumulate to form a scale layer, which reduces the heat transfer effect and the evaporation amount per unit time; in addition, the generation of bubbles will affect the separation of steam and liquid. Since the bubbles occupy the internal space of the evaporator, the flow area of ​​the steam is reduced, thereby reducing the steam flow rate, reducing the separation efficiency of the evaporator, and affecting the product quality.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an energy-saving component and a triple-effect multi-stage evaporator including the component. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an energy-saving component and a triple-effect multi-stage evaporator including the component to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an energy-saving component, suitable for a triple-effect multi-stage evaporator, comprising a heat exchange component, a separation component is arranged on one side of the heat exchange component, the heat exchange component comprises a tube shell, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged inside the tube shell, and a flow guide component and a defoaming component are arranged inside the tube shell;

[0008] The flow guide assembly includes a baffle and an adjustment plate, wherein the adjustment plate is arranged above the baffle, the baffle is arranged on the heat exchange tube, a plurality of mounting grooves are provided on the surface of the adjustment plate, a movable plate is provided inside the adjustment plate, a plurality of first puncture needles are provided at both ends of the movable plate, and a through hole matching the heat exchange tube is provided on the surface of the baffle and the movable plate;

[0009] The defoaming component includes a mounting ring, which is arranged inside the mounting groove. A first elastic sleeve is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting ring. A filter screen is arranged at one end of the first elastic sleeve away from the mounting ring. A second elastic sleeve is arranged at one end of the filter screen away from the first elastic sleeve. A scraping ring is arranged at one end of the second elastic sleeve away from the filter screen. The scraping ring is arranged on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube. A second puncturing needle is arranged on the surface of the filter screen.

[0010] Preferably, a first hydraulic telescopic rod and a second hydraulic telescopic rod are provided on the surface of the baffle, and an articulated seat is provided at one end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod and the second hydraulic telescopic rod away from the baffle, and the first hydraulic telescopic rod and the second hydraulic telescopic rod are connected to the adjustment plate through the articulated seat;

[0011] The baffle plate and the adjustment plate are both semicircular in shape. The first hydraulic telescopic rod is arranged on the side of the baffle plate with the curved surface, and the second hydraulic telescopic rod is arranged on the side of the baffle plate away from the curved surface.

[0012] Preferably, an electric push rod is provided at one end of the adjustment plate close to the baffle plate, one end of the output shaft of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the movable plate, and one end of the output shaft of the electric push rod passes through and extends to the inside of the movable plate.

[0013] Preferably, a limiting hole is provided at the position where the first puncture needle is connected to the adjustment plate, the first puncture needle penetrates and extends to the outside of the adjustment plate, and the end of the first puncture needle away from the movable plate is tapered.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of filter holes are provided on the surface of the filter net, and there are a plurality of second puncture needles, which are arranged in a ring shape on the surface of the filter net.

[0015] Preferably, a first sealing cover is provided at one end of the tube shell, a second sealing cover is provided at one end of the tube shell away from the first sealing cover, and a tube sheet is provided inside the tube shell, and there are two tube sheets, which are respectively provided at both ends of the heat exchange tube;

[0016] A feed pipe and a discharge pipe are arranged on one side of the tube shell, the discharge pipe is arranged below the feed pipe, a heat flow inlet pipe is arranged on one side of the first sealing cover, and a heat flow outlet pipe is arranged at one end of the first sealing cover away from the heat flow inlet pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the heat exchange tube is provided with a flow guiding mechanism, the flow guiding mechanism comprises two flow guiding components, and the two flow guiding components are arranged on one side of the tube shell;

[0018] There are two flow guiding mechanisms, which are arranged inside the tube shell in a mirror-image manner.

[0019] Preferably, the separation assembly includes an evaporative separator, a delivery pipe is provided at one end of the evaporative separator, the end of the delivery pipe away from the evaporative separator is connected to the tube shell, a reflux pipe is provided below the evaporative separator, the end of the reflux pipe away from the evaporative separator penetrates and extends to the interior of the tube shell, and a circulation pipe is provided on one side of the evaporative separator.

[0020] Preferably, there are multiple defoaming components, and the multiple defoaming components are evenly arranged at the upper and lower ends of the adjustment plate, and the defoaming components located at the upper and lower ends of the adjustment plate are arranged in mirror symmetry.

[0021] The invention also discloses a three-effect multi-stage evaporator, comprising a first effect evaporator, a second effect evaporator and a third effect evaporator, wherein the first effect evaporator, the second effect evaporator and the third effect evaporator all comprise any one of the above energy-saving components.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention achieves the purpose of adjusting the inclination angle of the adjustment plate by changing the difference between the elongation of the first hydraulic telescopic rod and the elongation of the second hydraulic telescopic rod through temperature. The first hydraulic telescopic rod, the second hydraulic telescopic rod, the adjustment plate, the movable plate, the first puncture needle and other structures cooperate to facilitate the defoaming treatment of bubbles in the liquid material.

[0024] 2. The present invention cooperates with the flow guide component and the defoaming component to facilitate scraping and cleaning of bubbles adhering to the surface of the heat exchange tube or the scale layer formed by accumulation of residues due to long-term heating, and can also perform adsorption-type defoaming treatment on the bubbles in the tube shell.

[0025] 3. The present invention controls the reciprocating motion of the electric push rod through a controller, so that the electric push rod drives the movable plate to reciprocate together, so that the movable plate can evacuate and exhaust air on the adjusting plate, thereby achieving defoaming treatment of bubbles or bubble films on the liquid surface, and at the same time dispersing the bubble film to avoid subsequent bubbles condensing to form a new bubble film, thereby increasing the flow area of ​​steam. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the heat exchange component structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the tube shell structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified image of point A;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the flow guide component and the defoaming component of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the adjustment plate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange tube and scraper ring assembly structure of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the defoaming component of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. heat exchange component; 101. tube shell; 102. first sealing cover; 103. second sealing cover; 104. heat exchange tube; 105. feed pipe; 106. discharge pipe; 107. heat flow inlet pipe; 108. heat flow outlet pipe; 2. flow guide component; 201. baffle; 202. first hydraulic telescopic rod; 203. second hydraulic telescopic rod; 204. adjustment plate; 205. movable plate; 206. first puncture needle; 207. electric push rod; 3. defoaming component; 301. mounting ring; 302. first elastic sleeve; 303. filter screen; 304. second elastic sleeve; 305. scraper ring; 306. second puncture needle; 4. separation component; 401. evaporation separator; 402. delivery pipe; 403. reflux pipe; 404. circulation pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this embodiment discloses an energy-saving component, which is suitable for a three-effect multi-stage evaporator, including a heat exchange component 1, a separation component 4 is arranged on one side of the heat exchange component 1, the heat exchange component 1 includes a tube shell 101, a plurality of heat exchange tubes 104 are arranged inside the tube shell 101, and a flow guide component 2 and a defoaming component 3 are arranged inside the tube shell 101.

[0039] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, a first sealing cover 102 is provided at one end of the tube shell 101, and a second sealing cover 103 is provided at the end of the tube shell 101 away from the first sealing cover 102. A tube sheet is provided inside the tube shell 101, and there are two tube sheets. The two tube sheets are respectively provided at both ends of the heat exchange tube 104, and the heat exchange tube 104 is fixed inside the tube shell 101 by providing the tube sheet.

[0040] A feed pipe 105 and a discharge pipe 106 are provided on one side of the tube shell 101 . The discharge pipe 106 is provided below the feed pipe 105 . A heat flow inlet pipe 107 is provided on one side of the first sealing cover 102 . A heat flow outlet pipe 108 is provided at one end of the first sealing cover 102 away from the heat flow inlet pipe 107 .

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the separation component 4 includes an evaporative separator 401, a delivery pipe 402 is provided at one end of the evaporative separator 401, and the end of the delivery pipe 402 away from the evaporative separator 401 is connected to the tube shell 101, a reflux pipe 403 is provided below the evaporative separator 401, and the end of the reflux pipe 403 away from the evaporative separator 401 passes through and extends to the interior of the tube shell 101, and a circulation pipe 404 is provided on one side of the evaporative separator 401.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment discloses a three-effect multi-stage evaporator, including a first effect evaporator, a second effect evaporator and a third effect evaporator, and the first effect evaporator, the second effect evaporator and the third effect evaporator all include the energy-saving component described in the above embodiment 1.

[0044] When in use, the three-effect multi-stage evaporator is mainly composed of three groups of identical evaporators connected in series. According to the process flow, the three groups of evaporators are named first-effect evaporator, second-effect evaporator and third-effect evaporator in order. First, the liquid material to be treated is transported to the first-effect evaporator through the feed pipe 105, and the raw steam is transported to the inside of the heat exchange tube 104 through the heat flow inlet pipe 107. The liquid material moves downward along the heat exchange tube 104 under the action of gravity. In this process, the raw steam fully contacts the material to be treated in the tube shell 101 through the heat exchange tube 104 and performs heat exchange, thereby generating steam, which is then Under the action of, the treated material is transported to the evaporation separator 401 through the conveying pipe 402, so that the secondary steam generated after heating is separated from the concentrated liquid vapor and liquid, and the separated steam is used as the heating source of the second effect evaporator, that is, the steam separated in the evaporation separator 401 flows through the circulation pipe 404 and enters the heat flow inlet pipe 107 in the second effect evaporator, and the material in the second effect is heated and evaporated, and the separated liquid is collected through the reflux pipe 403 after being treated and enters the tube shell 101 for treatment. Similarly, the steam generated by the second effect evaporator enters the third effect evaporator for heating. This is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0045] In the process of triple-effect evaporation operation, the first-effect evaporator uses raw steam as heating steam, and the remaining evaporators (second-effect evaporator and third-effect evaporator) use secondary steam from the previous effect as heating steam, which can greatly reduce the amount of raw steam used and make the steam thermal energy be used multiple times, thereby improving the utilization rate of thermal energy.

[0046] In the above process, it is found that during the evaporation and concentration process, the temperature rise will cause the foaming degree of the liquid material to increase, and too much air bubble will affect the contact area between the liquid material and the heat exchange tube 104, resulting in insufficient heat exchange and low steam utilization efficiency, causing energy waste; during the evaporation process, the air bubbles and the liquid material will combine on the surface of the heat exchange tube 104 or the inner wall of the shell 101 to form a concentrated film, and after a long period of heating, its residues will accumulate to form a scale layer, which will reduce the heat transfer effect and the evaporation amount per unit time; in addition, the generation of bubbles will affect the separation of steam and liquid. Since the bubbles occupy the internal space of the evaporator, the flow area of ​​the steam is reduced, thereby reducing the steam flow rate, reducing the separation efficiency of the evaporator, and affecting the product quality.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, a flow guiding mechanism is arranged on the heat exchange tube 104 , and the flow guiding mechanism includes two flow guiding components 2 , and the two flow guiding components 2 are arranged on one side of the tube shell 101 . There are two flow guiding mechanisms, and the two flow guiding mechanisms are arranged inside the tube shell 101 in a mirror-image staggered manner.

[0048] like Figures 5 to 7As shown, the flow guide assembly 2 includes a baffle 201 and an adjustment plate 204. The adjustment plate 204 is arranged above the baffle 201. The baffle 201 is arranged on the heat exchange tube 104. A plurality of mounting grooves are provided on the surface of the adjustment plate 204. A movable plate 205 is provided inside the adjustment plate 204. Both ends of the movable plate 205 are provided with a plurality of first puncture needles 206. The surfaces of the baffle 201 and the movable plate 205 are provided with through holes adapted to the heat exchange tube 104. An electric push rod 207 is provided at one end of the adjustment plate 204 close to the baffle plate 201, one end of the output shaft of the electric push rod 207 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 205, one end of the output shaft of the electric push rod 207 penetrates and extends to the inside of the movable plate 205, a limiting hole is provided at the position where the first puncture needle 206 is connected to the adjustment plate 204, the first puncture needle 206 penetrates and extends to the outside of the adjustment plate 204, and the end of the first puncture needle 206 away from the movable plate 205 is conical.

[0049] When in use, the controller controls the electric push rod 207 to extend, and the electric push rod 207 pushes the movable plate 205 and the first puncture needle 206 to move away from the baffle plate 201, thereby increasing the length of the first puncture needle 206 located on the top surface of the movable plate 205 extending out of the adjustment plate 204, thereby enhancing the defoaming effect.

[0050] The surface of the baffle plate 201 is provided with a first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and a second hydraulic telescopic rod 203. The first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203 are provided with a hinge seat at one end away from the baffle plate 201. The first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203 are connected to the adjustment plate 204 through the hinge seat. The baffle plate 201 and the adjustment plate 204 are both semicircular. The first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 is arranged on the side of the baffle plate 201 with the curved surface, and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203 is arranged on the side of the baffle plate 201 away from the curved surface.

[0051] When in use, the first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203 cooperate with each other, and the difference between the elongation of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and the elongation of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203 is changed to achieve the purpose of adjusting the inclination angle of the adjustment plate 204. The greater the difference between the elongation of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and the elongation of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203, the greater the inclination angle of the adjustment plate 204.

[0052] like Figure 8 , Fig. 9As shown, the defoaming component 3 includes a mounting ring 301, which is arranged inside the mounting groove. A first elastic sleeve 302 is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting ring 301, a filter screen 303 is arranged at one end of the first elastic sleeve 302 away from the mounting ring 301, a second elastic sleeve 304 is arranged at one end of the filter screen 303 away from the first elastic sleeve 302, a scraping ring 305 is arranged at one end of the second elastic sleeve 304 away from the filter screen 303, the scraping ring 305 is arranged on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 104, and a second puncturing needle 306 is arranged on the surface of the filter screen 303.

[0053] A plurality of filter holes are formed on the surface of the filter net 303 . There are a plurality of second puncture needles 306 . The plurality of second puncture needles 306 are arranged in a ring shape on the surface of the filter net 303 .

[0054] There are multiple defoaming components 3, and the multiple defoaming components 3 are evenly arranged at the upper and lower ends of the adjustment plate 204, and the defoaming components 3 located at the upper and lower ends of the adjustment plate 204 are arranged in mirror symmetry.

[0055] When in use, the filter net 303 and the second puncture needle 306 are arranged to cooperate with each other to defoam the bubbles in the liquid material, and the first elastic sleeve 302 and the second elastic sleeve 304 are arranged to realize the elastic connection of the filter net 303 .

[0056] In the initial state, the heat exchange tube 104 is provided with a flow guide mechanism (such as Figure 4 As shown), that is, the flow guiding mechanism includes two flow guiding components 2, and the two flow guiding components 2 are arranged on one side of the tube shell 101. There are two flow guiding mechanisms, and the two flow guiding mechanisms are arranged in the tube shell 101 in a mirror-like manner. When the liquid material moves downward under the action of gravity, the liquid material is blocked by the regulating plate 204 and changes the flow direction, and the movement speed of the liquid material decreases. Under the action of the flow guiding component 2, the liquid material changes the flow direction many times in the tube shell 101, which increases the contact area and contact time between the liquid material and the heat exchange tube 104, and at the same time increases the turbulence degree and mixing effect of the liquid material, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0057] However, during the evaporation and concentration process, the increase in temperature will cause the foaming degree of the liquid material to increase, and excessive bubbles will affect the contact area between the liquid material and the heat exchange tube 104, resulting in insufficient heat exchange and low steam utilization efficiency, causing energy waste. In order to solve this problem, the difference between the elongation of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and the elongation of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203 is changed according to the temperature, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the inclination angle of the adjustment plate 204, so as to facilitate the defoaming treatment of the bubbles in the liquid material. Specifically, in the initial state, the elongation of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 is equal to the elongation of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203. At this time, the controller controls the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203 to contract, so that the elongation of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203 is less than the elongation of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 202. In this process, the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203 pulls the hinge The seat and the adjusting plate 204 move together in the direction close to the baffle plate 201, and under the action of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203, the adjusting plate 204 is changed from a horizontal state to an inclined state, so that the collision strength between the liquid material and the adjusting plate 204 can be reduced during the downward movement of the liquid material, and the generation of bubbles can be further reduced. Then, when part of the liquid material flows along the adjusting plate 204, during this process, the first puncture needle 206 extending from the adjusting plate 204 can puncture the bubbles in the liquid material, and the filter net 303 will intercept the bubbles in the liquid material. At the same time, the second puncture needle 306 on the filter net 303 will puncture the bubbles on the filter net 303, and the bubbles in the liquid material flowing along the adjusting plate 204 are punctured by the cooperation of the first puncture needle 206 and the second puncture needle 306.

[0058] In order to improve the puncturing effect of the first puncturing needle 206, the length of the first puncturing needle 206 located on the top surface of the movable plate 205 extending out of the adjusting plate 204 is increased. Specifically, the controller controls the electric push rod 207 to extend, and the electric push rod 207 pushes the movable plate 205 and the first puncturing needle 206 to move in a direction away from the baffle 201, thereby increasing the length of the first puncturing needle 206 located on the top surface of the movable plate 205 extending out of the adjusting plate 204, thereby increasing the contact area between the first puncturing needle 206 and the bubbles in the liquid material, improving the defoaming effect, avoiding a large number of bubbles in the shell 101 from adhering to the surface of the heat exchange tube 104, and reducing the contact area between the liquid material and the heat exchange tube 104.

[0059] It is worth noting that when the adjustment plate 204 changes from a horizontal state to an inclined state, due to the elastic properties of the first elastic sleeve 302 and the second elastic sleeve 304 themselves, and because the scraper ring 305 and the mounting ring 301 respectively limit the heat exchange tube 104 and the adjustment plate 204, under the joint action of the adjustment plate 204 and the heat exchange tube 104, the first elastic sleeve 302 and the second elastic sleeve 304 are deformed, that is, the movement of the adjustment plate 204 is not interfered during the tilting process, and the filter screen 303 will not be damaged due to external pulling.

[0060] During the evaporation process, bubbles and liquid materials combine with each other on the surface of the heat exchange tube 104 or the inner wall of the shell 101 to form a concentrated film. After a long period of heating, the residues accumulate to form a scale layer, which reduces the heat transfer effect and the evaporation amount per unit time. In order to solve this problem, the adjustment plate 204 is in a horizontal state in the initial state, and the controller controls the first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203 to reciprocate at the same time. Under the joint action of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203, the adjustment plate 204 reciprocates in the vertical direction along the heat exchange tube 104. During this process, the scraper ring 305 scrapes off the bubbles and scale layer on the heat exchange tube 104.

[0061] When the controller controls the extension of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203 at the same time, under the joint action of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203, the adjustment plate 204 moves upward in the vertical direction along the heat exchange tube 104, and at the same time the controller controls the electric push rod 207 to contract, and the electric push rod 207 drives the movable plate 205 and the first puncture needle 206 to move in the direction close to the baffle 201. At this time, the length of the first puncture needle 206 on the top surface of the movable plate 205 extending out of the adjustment plate 204 is reduced. In this process, the movable plate 205 is equivalent to a piston moving inside the adjustment plate 204, thereby achieving a suction effect. Under the action of the moving plate 205, the external liquid material is sucked into the interior of the adjusting plate 204 through the filter holes on the surface of the filter net 303, so that a suction force is generated at the position of the defoaming component 3 at the top of the adjusting plate 204, thereby attracting the bubbles near the top of the adjusting plate 204 and the bubbles near the heat exchange tube 104, so that the first puncture needle 206 and the second puncture needle 306 can puncture them, so that the first puncture needle 206 and the second puncture needle 306 cooperate to defoam the bubbles near the top of the adjusting plate 204, and at the same time, it also avoids the problem of excessive adhesion of bubbles to the surface of the heat exchange tube 104, resulting in the accumulation of residues to form a scale layer after long-term heating.

[0062] On the contrary, when the controller controls the first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203 to retract at the same time, under the joint action of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203, the adjustment plate 204 moves downward in the vertical direction along the heat exchange tube 104, and at the same time, the controller controls the electric push rod 207 to extend, and the electric push rod 207 drives the movable plate 205 and the first puncture needle 206 to move away from the baffle 201. In this process, the movable plate 205 is equivalent to a piston moving inside the adjustment plate 204, thereby achieving a suction effect. Similarly, no further description will be given here, so that the bubbles located near the bottom of the adjustment plate 204 and the bubbles near the heat exchange tube 104 are attracted, making it easier for the first puncture needle 206 and the second puncture needle 306 to puncture them.

[0063] In the above process, it is found that bubbles rise due to buoyancy and float on the liquid surface to form a bubble film. The steam generated by heating below the bubble film is resisted by the bubble film during movement, thereby reducing the flow area of ​​the steam, thereby reducing the steam flow rate, reducing the separation efficiency of the evaporator, and affecting the product quality. In order to solve this problem, the controller controls the first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203 to extend at the same time, so that the first hydraulic telescopic rod 202 and the second hydraulic telescopic rod 203 cooperate to move the adjustment plate 204 in a direction away from the baffle plate 201, so that the top surface of the adjustment plate 204 contacts the liquid surface, and then the controller The electric push rod 207 is controlled to reciprocate, so that the electric push rod 207 drives the movable plate 205 and the first puncture needle 206 to reciprocate together, so that the first puncture needle 206 punctures the bubbles or bubble films floating on the liquid surface, and then under the action of the electric push rod 207, the movable plate 205 performs air extraction and exhaust on the adjustment plate 204, and then the bubbles or bubble films on the liquid surface are defoamed through the cooperation of the second puncture needle 306 and the filter net 303, and the bubble films are dispersed at the same time to prevent subsequent bubbles from condensing to form new bubble films, thereby reducing the resistance of the bubble film when the steam rises and increasing the flow area of ​​the steam.

[0064] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0065] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An energy-saving component, comprising a heat exchange component (1), a separation component (4) being arranged on one side of the heat exchange component (1), characterized in that: The heat exchange component (1) comprises a tube shell (101), a plurality of heat exchange tubes (104) are arranged inside the tube shell (101), and a flow guide component (2) and a defoaming component (3) are arranged inside the tube shell (101); The flow guide component (2) comprises a baffle (201) and an adjustment plate (204); the adjustment plate (204) is arranged above the baffle (201); the baffle (201) is arranged on the heat exchange tube (104); a plurality of mounting grooves are provided on the surface of the adjustment plate (204); a movable plate (205) is provided inside the adjustment plate (204); a plurality of first puncture needles (206) are provided at both ends of the movable plate (205); and through holes matching the heat exchange tube (104) are provided on the surfaces of the baffle (201) and the movable plate (205); The defoaming component (3) comprises a mounting ring (301), wherein the mounting ring (301) is arranged inside the mounting groove, a first elastic sleeve (302) is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting ring (301), a filter screen (303) is arranged at one end of the first elastic sleeve (302) away from the mounting ring (301), a second elastic sleeve (304) is arranged at one end of the filter screen (303) away from the first elastic sleeve (302), a scraping ring (305) is arranged at one end of the second elastic sleeve (304) away from the filter screen (303), the scraping ring (305) is arranged on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube (104), and a second puncturing needle (306) is arranged on the surface of the filter screen (303).

2. The energy-saving assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first hydraulic telescopic rod (202) and a second hydraulic telescopic rod (203) are arranged on the surface of the baffle (201); an articulated seat is arranged at one end of the first hydraulic telescopic rod (202) and the second hydraulic telescopic rod (203) away from the baffle (201); and the first hydraulic telescopic rod (202) and the second hydraulic telescopic rod (203) are connected to the adjustment plate (204) via the articulated seat; The baffle plate (201) and the adjustment plate (204) are both semicircular in shape; the first hydraulic telescopic rod (202) is arranged on a side of the baffle plate (201) with a curved surface; and the second hydraulic telescopic rod (203) is arranged on a side of the baffle plate (201) away from the curved surface.

3. The energy-saving assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: An electric push rod (207) is provided at one end of the adjustment plate (204) close to the baffle plate (201), one end of the output shaft of the electric push rod (207) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (205), and one end of the output shaft of the electric push rod (207) penetrates and extends into the interior of the movable plate (205).

4. The energy-saving assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting hole is provided at the position where the first puncture needle (206) is connected to the adjustment plate (204); the first puncture needle (206) penetrates and extends to the outside of the adjustment plate (204); and the end of the first puncture needle (206) away from the movable plate (205) is tapered.

5. The energy-saving assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the filter net (303) is provided with a plurality of filter holes, and the number of the second puncture needles (306) is plural, and the plurality of the second puncture needles (306) are arranged in a ring shape on the surface of the filter net (303).

6. The energy-saving assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first sealing cover (102) is provided at one end of the tube shell (101), a second sealing cover (103) is provided at one end of the tube shell (101) away from the first sealing cover (102), and a tube sheet is provided inside the tube shell (101), the number of the tube sheets being two, and the two tube sheets are respectively provided at both ends of the heat exchange tube (104); A feed pipe (105) and a discharge pipe (106) are provided on one side of the tube shell (101), and the discharge pipe (106) is provided below the feed pipe (105). A heat flow inlet pipe (107) is provided on one side of the first sealing cover (102), and a heat flow outlet pipe (108) is provided at one end of the first sealing cover (102) away from the heat flow inlet pipe (107).

7. The energy-saving assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube (104) is provided with a flow guiding mechanism, the flow guiding mechanism comprising two flow guiding components (2), and the two flow guiding components (2) are arranged on one side of the tube shell (101); There are two flow guiding mechanisms, which are arranged in a mirror-image manner and staggered inside the tube shell (101).

8. The energy-saving assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation assembly (4) comprises an evaporation separator (401), a delivery pipe (402) being provided at one end of the evaporation separator (401), an end of the delivery pipe (402) being away from the evaporation separator (401) being connected to the tube shell (101), a return pipe (403) being provided below the evaporation separator (401), an end of the return pipe (403) being away from the evaporation separator (401) penetrating and extending to the interior of the tube shell (101), and a circulation pipe (404) being provided at one side of the evaporation separator (401).

9. The energy-saving assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple defoaming components (3), and the multiple defoaming components (3) are evenly arranged at the upper and lower ends of the adjustment plate (204), and the defoaming components (3) located at the upper and lower ends of the adjustment plate (204) are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner.

10. A three-effect multi-stage evaporator, comprising a first effect evaporator, a second effect evaporator and a third effect evaporator, wherein the first effect evaporator, the second effect evaporator and the third effect evaporator all comprise energy-saving components, characterized in that: The energy-saving component is the energy-saving component described in any one of claims 1-9.

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