Antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating, antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating and preparation method and application of antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating

Abstract

The invention discloses an antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating, an antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating as well as a preparation method and application of the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating, and belongs to the technical field of coatings. According to the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating provided by the invention, the raw materials in proper parts by mass are selected, the raw materials are matched with one another, and particularly, the zwitterionic copolymer and the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles have a good synergistic effect, so that the obtained antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating has good antibacterial property and antibacterial adhesion; the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating prepared by using the antifouling agent has a lasting antifouling effect and can be widely applied to ocean structures, and the service life of the ocean structures is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coatings, and in particular relates to an antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating, an antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Marine biofouling refers to the process in which marine microorganisms, algae, shellfish and other organisms attach and reproduce on the surface of underwater structures such as hulls, platforms, and submarine cables. This process not only increases the resistance of the hull and leads to increased fuel consumption, but may also corrode underwater structures and shorten their service life. Therefore, preventing biofouling has become an important issue in marine engineering.

[0003] Antifouling coatings are currently the most commonly used means to prevent biofouling, and their main mechanisms of action include antifouling release, antifouling, and fouling release. Antifouling release coatings actively prevent marine organisms from attaching by releasing antifouling agents, antifouling coatings make it difficult for fouling organisms to attach by forming a low-adhesion surface, and fouling release coatings make attached organisms easily removed by fluid shear forces through the self-cleaning properties of the surface. Among them, antifouling release coatings based on self-polishing copolymers (SPCs) are the most common type, usually composed of acrylate copolymers with hydrolyzable side chain groups. Although the early tributyltin-based (TBT) SPC has excellent antifouling effects, it has been banned due to serious harm to the environment.

[0004] At present, Wuxi self-polishing antifouling coatings, which are mainly silicon-based, copper-based and zinc-based acrylate copolymers, dominate the market. Silicon-based acrylate copolymers not only have excellent antifouling properties, but also exhibit self-smoothing properties and drag reduction effects, which can reduce the energy consumption of hull operation. However, these SPC coatings have poor antifouling effects under static conditions (such as moored state) because their antifouling properties rely on surface hydrolysis caused by strong water flow shear forces. In addition, traditional SPC coatings usually require the addition of antifouling agents, which may cause secondary pollution to the ecological environment. On the other hand, polyethylene glycol and zwitterionic polymers have been considered to have potential prospects for marine antifouling applications in recent years due to their anti-protein properties. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide an antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating, an antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating and a preparation method and application thereof which have excellent antibacterial and anti-adhesion effects as well as self-renewal ability and durable antifouling ability.

[0006] To achieve the above object, in a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an antibacterial anti-adhesion coating, wherein the antibacterial anti-adhesion coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0007] 1 part of zwitterionic copolymer, 1-3 parts of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, 0.01-0.1 parts of polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles, and 10-25 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide;

[0008] The monomers of the zwitterionic copolymer include tert-carboxybetaine triisopropylsilyl ethyl acrylate (TCBSA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and 2-methylene-1,3-dioxepane (MDO).

[0009] The antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating provided by the present invention is prepared by selecting raw materials in appropriate mass proportions, and the raw materials cooperate with each other, especially the antibacterial adhesion of the zwitterionic copolymer and the antibacterial property of the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles have good synergistic effect. The antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating prepared by using the zwitterionic copolymer has a lasting antifouling effect.

[0010] Specifically, barium titanate in polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles (BTO@PPy composite particles) is a strong dielectric material with a high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss; its symmetry is reduced when it is a tetragonal phase structure, and this property enables barium titanate to generate charge when subjected to external stress, that is, to generate a piezoelectric effect; under the action of ultrasound, the tetragonal phase barium titanate will be polarized and generate an electric field to separate electrons and holes; holes combine with water molecules to generate hydroxyl radicals, and electrons have strong reducing properties and combine with oxygen molecules to generate superoxide radicals, both of which can induce cell apoptosis, so the tetragonal phase barium titanate has an antifouling effect. At the same time, the introduced polypyrrole is conductive; therefore, the formed composite particles have a more excellent antifouling effect. The zwitterionic copolymer including the monomers described in the present invention can quickly generate a zwitterionic surface under water conditions, realizing the surface self-renewal of the zwitterionic copolymer. When the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles and the zwitterionic copolymer are further compounded for use, the antifouling ability of the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating obtained is stronger.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the antibacterial anti-adhesion coating of the present invention, the antibacterial anti-adhesion coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0012] 1 part of zwitterionic copolymer, 1.5-2.0 parts of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, 0.03-0.08 parts of polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles, and 15-20 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide.

[0013] The present invention has found that the mass fraction of raw materials in the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating will affect the comprehensive performance of the product. When the mass fraction of the raw materials is further selected to be within the above range, the antibacterial and anti-adhesion effect of the obtained product is better.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the antibacterial and anti-adhesive coating of the present invention, the mass percentage of the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles is 0.08-0.35% based on the total mass of the raw materials of the antibacterial and anti-adhesive coating.

[0015] Exemplarily, based on the total mass of the raw materials of the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating, the mass percentage of the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles can be any point value or any two point range values ​​between 0.08-0.35%, for example, 0.08%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, etc.

[0016] Preferably, based on the total mass of the raw materials of the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating, the mass percentage of the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles is 0.1-0.35%.

[0017] The present invention has found that the mass percentage of the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles in the total mass of the raw materials will affect the comprehensive performance of the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating. When the mass percentage of the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles is further selected to be within the above range, the antibacterial and anti-adhesion properties of the obtained antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating are better.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the antibacterial and anti-adhesive coating of the present invention, the preparation method of the zwitterionic copolymer comprises the following steps: adding tert-carboxy betaine triisopropylsilyl ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and 2-methylene-1,3-dioxeheptane into dioxane for dissolution to obtain a solution; then degassing the solution, and polymerizing it under an inert gas environment after the degassing, adding the reaction system into hexane for precipitation, and finally collecting and drying the precipitate to obtain a zwitterionic copolymer.

[0019] Preferably, the degassing is to subject the solution to 2-3 freeze-vacuum-thaw cycles.

[0020] Preferably, the polymerization reaction temperature is 65-75° C., and the polymerization reaction time is 20-28 h.

[0021] Preferably, the drying is carried out under vacuum conditions at 70±5° C. for 10-16 hours.

[0022] Preferably, the mass ratio of tert-carboxy betaine triisopropylsilyl ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and 2-methylene-1,3-dioxepane is 1:(1.1-1.5):(0.7-1).

[0023] More preferably, the mass ratio of tert-carboxybetaine triisopropylsilyl ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and 2-methylene-1,3-dioxepane is 1:1.3:0.85.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the antibacterial and anti-adhesive coating of the present invention, the preparation method of the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles comprises the following steps: adding an aqueous solution of ferric chloride and an aqueous dispersion of barium titanate to an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol and stirring, adding pyridine after the stirring is completed and continuing the stirring reaction, and drying after the reaction is completed to obtain polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles.

[0025] Preferably, the ferric chloride solution and the barium titanate dispersion are added and stirred at a temperature of 0±2° C. for 50-70 min.

[0026] Preferably, the time for adding pyridine and continuing stirring the reaction is 18-22 hours.

[0027] Preferably, in the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, the mass volume of polyvinyl alcohol is (0.8-1.2) g / 100 mL.

[0028] Preferably, the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is prepared by adding polyvinyl alcohol to deionized water, heating the water to 90° C., stirring and dissolving the water, to obtain the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution.

[0029] Preferably, the mass concentration of ferric chloride in the ferric chloride aqueous solution is 18-22 mg / mL.

[0030] Preferably, in the barium titanate aqueous dispersion, the mass concentration of barium titanate is 4-6 mg / mL.

[0031] Preferably, the volume ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, the ferric chloride aqueous solution, and the barium titanate aqueous dispersion is 1:(0.10-0.16):(0.30-0.36).

[0032] Preferably, the mass volume ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to pyridine is 1 g: (0.13-0.19) mL.

[0033] The present invention has found that when the above method and the preparation parameters of the corresponding method are within the above range, when the corresponding prepared zwitterionic copolymer and polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles are applied to the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating, the comprehensive performance of the obtained antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating is better.

[0034] In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a use of the antibacterial anti-adhesion coating in preparing an antibacterial anti-adhesion coating.

[0035] In a third aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an antibacterial anti-adhesion coating, the antibacterial anti-adhesion coating comprising a primer coating and a topcoat coating, the topcoat coating comprising the antibacterial anti-adhesion coating of the present invention.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating of the present invention, the thickness of the primer coating is 15 μm-20 μm.

[0037] Preferably, the thickness of the primer coating is 16 μm-18 μm.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating of the present invention, the thickness of the topcoat coating is 200 μm-1000 μm.

[0039] Preferably, the thickness of the topcoat coating is 250 μm-300 μm.

[0040] In the fourth aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing an antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating, the preparation method comprising the following steps: coating the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating of the present invention on a primer coating and then immersing the coating in water to obtain an antibacterial and anti-adhesion surface layer.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the present invention, the primer is an epoxy resin primer.

[0042] Exemplarily, the epoxy resin primer may be an epoxy zinc-rich primer (model 725-H06-21) produced by Xiamen Shuangrui Marine Coatings Co., Ltd.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the present invention, the soaking time is 20-28 hours.

[0044] The present invention has found that when the immersion time is further selected to be within the above range, solvent exchange can be effectively carried out to promote the formation of the hydrogel coating, that is, to help form a stable coating structure and enhance the antibacterial and anti-adhesion properties of the coating.

[0045] Preferably, the method for preparing the primer coating comprises the following steps: coating the primer on the surface of the pretreated metal substrate, and curing the substrate at 20-30° C. for 20-28 hours after coating.

[0046] Preferably, the coating is by brushing.

[0047] Preferably, the pretreatment includes grinding with sandpaper of different mesh sizes (400#, 600#, 800#), polishing and cleaning the material by ultrasonic method.

[0048] The present invention has found that the introduction of primer can improve the adhesion of the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating, while providing preliminary anti-corrosion protection, ensuring the long-term stability of the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating in a complex marine environment; and after curing within the above-mentioned temperature and time range, it can ensure that the primer is fully cross-linked and cured, thereby forming a uniform and dense primer layer.

[0049] Preferably, the coating comprises brushing or spraying.

[0050] In the fifth aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the use of the antibacterial and anti-viscosity coating in the preparation of marine structures.

[0051] Exemplarily, the marine structures include ships, platforms, submarine cables, etc.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] The antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating provided by the present invention has good antibacterial and anti-bacterial adhesion properties by selecting raw materials in appropriate mass parts, and the raw materials cooperate with each other, especially the zwitterionic copolymer and the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles have good synergistic effect. The antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating prepared by using the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating has a long-lasting antifouling effect, can be widely used in marine structures, and prolong the service life of marine structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 is the SEM image of the prepared polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles;

[0055] Figure 2 Fourier infrared spectra of barium titanate, polypyrrole, and polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a SEM image of the topcoat coating prepared in Example 1;

[0057] Figure 4 This is the material self-healing ability diagram before and after the experiment;

[0058] Figure 5 The colony images of different groups. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to better illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0060] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods and equipment used in the present invention are all conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the art; and unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in parallel experiments are from the same batch of raw materials.

[0061] Zwitterionic copolymer: homemade, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0062] 4.56 g of 2-methylene-1,3-dioxeheptane (MDO), 7.00 g of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and 5.36 g of tert-carboxy betaine triisopropylsilyl ethyl acrylate (TCBSA) were weighed and dissolved in 20 mL of dioxane to obtain a solution; then, the solution was degassed by a freeze-vacuum-thaw cycle three times to remove oxygen and other gases in the solution that may affect the polymerization reaction; after degassing, the solution was heated to 70° C. under argon protection to carry out a polymerization reaction, and after reacting for 24 hours, the reaction solution was poured into hexane to precipitate, and then the precipitate was collected and dried at 70° C. in a vacuum environment for 12 hours to obtain a zwitterionic copolymer.

[0063] Polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles: homemade, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0064] 6.0 g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was weighed and dissolved in 600 mL of deionized water, and stirred at 90°C until the solid dissolved to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution; then, 80 mL (20 mg / mL) of ferric chloride aqueous solution and 200 mL (5 mg / mL) of barium titanate aqueous dispersion were added to the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution in sequence, and then the working temperature was adjusted to maintain at about 0°C and stirred for 1 hour, and then 1 mL of pyridine was added, and the reaction was continued for 20 hours and then dried; polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles were obtained; the SEM image of the obtained polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles is shown as follows Figure 1 As shown; the Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) of barium titanate (BTO), polypyrrole (PPy), and polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles (BTO / PPy) are shown Figure 2 shown.

[0065] Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4

[0066] The embodiment of the present invention provides an antibacterial anti-adhesion coating and an antibacterial anti-adhesion coating. The weight parts of the raw materials of the antibacterial anti-adhesion coating and the thickness of the primer coating and the thickness of the topcoat coating in the antibacterial anti-adhesion coating are shown in Table 1;

[0067] Table 1

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] The method for preparing the antibacterial anti-adhesion coating and the antibacterial anti-adhesion coating provided in Example 1 comprises the following steps:

[0071] (1) dissolving a zwitterionic copolymer and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), then adding polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles, stirring and mixing to obtain an antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating;

[0072] (2) grinding, polishing and cleaning the surface of the metal substrate to obtain a pretreated metal substrate surface, then brushing an epoxy resin primer, and curing it at 25° C. for 24 hours to obtain a primer coating with a thickness of 16 μm;

[0073] (3) spraying the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating prepared in step (1) onto the primer coating, and then soaking it in water for 24 hours to obtain an antibacterial and anti-adhesion surface layer with a thickness of 250 μm; thereby forming an antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating;

[0074] The SEM image of the topcoat prepared in Example 1 is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0075] The preparation methods of the antibacterial anti-adhesion coatings and antibacterial anti-adhesion coatings provided in Examples 2-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are consistent with that in Example 1, except that no related components are added.

[0076] Effect example

[0077] The effect examples of the present invention explore the performance of the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coatings prepared in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4, including the following parts:

[0078] 1. Antibacterial properties

[0079] The marine bacteria Pseudomonas sp. were used to evaluate the antibacterial properties of the coatings. The bacterial concentration was adjusted to 1 × 10 7 Cells / mL. Each sample was immersed in the bacterial suspension for 5 hours, and the co-cultured bacterial solution was diluted 10,000 times. Then 100 μL of the bacterial solution was evenly spread on LB agar and cultured at 37°C for 24 hours. Finally, the antibacterial rate was calculated, and the formula was: Antibacterial rate (%) = (N control group-N experimental group) / N control group × 100%;

[0080] The control group is a metal substrate without coating, and the experimental group is the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating prepared in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0081] 2. Anti-bacterial adhesion performance

[0082] First, the sample was placed in a 48-well plate, 1000 μL of diluted bacterial suspension was added, and the samples were cultured at 37°C for 24 hours. The samples were then ultrasonically cleaned for 8 minutes to remove surface bacteria, and the collected bacterial solution was diluted 500 times. Then, 100 μL of bacterial solution was evenly spread on LB agar and cultured at 37°C for 24 hours. Finally, the antibacterial adhesion rate was calculated, and the formula was: Adhesion rate (%) = (N control group - N experimental group) / N control group × 100%;

[0083] The control group is a metal substrate without coating, and the experimental group is the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating prepared in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0084] 3. Self-update capability test

[0085] After the antibacterial and anti-adhesive coatings prepared in Examples 1-8 were immersed in seawater for 24 hours, the surface conditions of the coatings were regularly observed with the naked eye, such as whether there were scratches, wear, fading, discoloration, blistering, peeling, etc. If the coating can automatically repair some minor appearance damage within 24 hours and restore a relatively flat, smooth and uniform surface state, it means that it has a certain self-renewal ability; the test found that the products prepared by the technical solution of the present invention all have good self-renewal ability, among which the comparison of the coating prepared in Example 1 before and after the experiment is shown in the figure below. Figure 4 As shown, from Figure 4 It can be seen that the prepared coating can automatically repair itself during use and has excellent self-repair ability.

[0086] The results obtained are shown in Table 2;

[0087] Table 2

[0088] Antibacterial rate / % Adhesion rate / % Antibacterial rate / % Adhesion rate / % Example 1 86 14 Comparative Example 1 39 61 Example 2 67 33 Comparative Example 2 40 60 Example 3 71 29 Comparative Example 3 22 78 Example 4 60 40 Comparative Example 4 14 86 Example 5 50 50 Example 6 49 51 Example 7 66 34 Example 8 53 47

[0089] It can be seen from Table 2 that when the technical solution of the present invention is adopted, the obtained product has excellent antibacterial and anti-adhesion properties, and has a high mechanical strength retention rate after being immersed in seawater; specifically, the antibacterial rate of the obtained product is above 49%, and the adhesion rate is below 51%; especially when the mass parts of the components are further selected within the preferred range of the present invention, the antibacterial rate of the obtained product is above 67%, and the adhesion rate is below 33%;

[0090] It can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 that when neither the zwitterionic polymer nor the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles are added, the antibacterial rate of the obtained product is greatly reduced; it can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 that when the mass fraction of the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles is not within the range given in the present invention, the antibacterial rate of the obtained product will decrease due to the large amount of agglomeration of the particles; it can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 4 that when no primer is introduced, the coating of the obtained product is easy to peel off and has basically no antibacterial rate; it can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 5-6 that when other similar substances are used to replace the zwitterionic copolymer or the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles in the present invention, the performance of the obtained product is not as good as that of Example 1.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating, characterized in that: The antibacterial anti-adhesion coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of zwitterionic copolymer, 1-3 parts of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, 0.01-0.1 parts of polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles, and 10-25 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide; The monomers of the zwitterionic copolymer include tert-carboxybetaine triisopropylsilyl ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and 2-methylene-1,3-dioxepane.

2. The antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antibacterial anti-adhesion coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of zwitterionic copolymer, 1.5-2.0 parts of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, 0.03-0.08 parts of polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles, and 15-20 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide.

3. The antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the total mass of the raw materials of the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating, the mass percentage of the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles is 0.08-0.35%.

4. The antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the zwitterionic copolymer comprises the following steps: adding tert-carboxy betaine triisopropylsilyl ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and 2-methylene-1,3-dioxepane into dioxane to dissolve to obtain a solution; then degassing the solution, polymerizing under an inert gas environment after the degassing is completed, adding the reaction system into hexane to precipitate after the polymerization reaction is completed, and finally collecting and drying the precipitate to obtain the zwitterionic copolymer; And / or, the preparation method of the polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles comprises the following steps: adding an aqueous solution of ferric chloride and an aqueous dispersion of barium titanate to an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol and stirring, adding pyridine after stirring and continuing the stirring reaction, and drying after the reaction to obtain polypyrrole / barium titanate composite particles.

5. Use of the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the preparation of an antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating.

6. An antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating, characterized in that: The antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating comprises a primer coating and a topcoat coating, and the topcoat coating comprises the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. The method for preparing the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: coating the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating according to any one of claims 1 to 4 on the primer coating and then immersing the coating in water to obtain the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The primer is an epoxy resin primer.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The soaking time is 20-28 hours.

10. Use of the antibacterial and anti-adhesion coating according to claim 6 in the preparation of marine structures.

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