High-strength aluminum alloy collecting pipe

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of collecting pipes, in particular to a high-strength aluminum alloy collecting pipe, which is characterized in that a synergistic strengthening effect is generated through interface bonding among different layers of materials, and a new strengthening phase is formed at an interface by bonding a silicon-aluminum alloy of a corrosion-resistant layer and an aluminum alloy of a buffer layer, so that the overall strength and toughness of the collecting pipe are further improved; in addition, although the purity of the raw materials is required, trace impurities can be subjected to unexpected chemical reaction in the complicated smelting and processing process. When the reinforcing layer aluminum alloy is prepared, trace other impurity elements interact with additives such as zirconium and vanadium, new compounds are possibly generated, the thermal stability of the alloy is accidentally improved, good mechanical properties can still be kept in a high-temperature environment, and due to the design of the four-layer composite structure, the reinforcing ribs and the reinforcing rings, when complex stress is borne, the strength of the reinforcing layer aluminum alloy is improved, and the service life of the reinforcing layer aluminum alloy is prolonged. The stress distribution may be more uniform than theoretical expectation, and the method has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of current collecting tubes, and in particular to a high-strength aluminum alloy current collecting tube. Background Art

[0002] As a key component widely used in industry and daily life, the manifold plays an indispensable role in many fields. In the field of air conditioning and refrigeration, the manifold is responsible for collecting and distributing the refrigerant to ensure the smooth circulation of the refrigerant in the system. Its performance directly affects the operating efficiency, cooling and heating effects, and stability of the air conditioning system. For example, in a large commercial central air conditioning system, a manifold is required to evenly distribute the refrigerant to each evaporator coil to achieve efficient heat exchange and meet the temperature regulation needs of a large area.

[0003] In the field of automobile manufacturing, manifolds are used in automobile air conditioning systems and engine cooling systems. During the driving process of the car, the temperature in the engine compartment changes dramatically and the working conditions are complex, which requires extremely high strength and reliability of the manifold. The manifold of the automobile air conditioner needs to work stably under harsh conditions such as vibration, high and low temperature alternation, to ensure the normal operation of the air conditioning system and provide a comfortable environment for the driver and passengers; the manifold in the engine cooling system must withstand the pressure impact of high-temperature coolant, maintain the normal operating temperature of the engine, and avoid engine overheating and damage.

[0004] In the aerospace field, manifolds are used in aircraft fuel systems, hydraulic systems, and environmental control systems. The aerospace environment places extremely high demands on the reliability and lightweight of equipment. Manifolds must not only have sufficient strength to withstand high pressure, high vibration, and extreme temperature changes, but also reduce their own weight as much as possible to reduce the overall weight of the aircraft and improve flight performance and fuel efficiency. For example, if a manifold in an aircraft fuel system has strength problems and causes fuel leakage, it will pose a serious threat to flight safety.

[0005] At present, aluminum alloy has become a common material for the manufacture of manifolds due to comprehensive considerations of cost, weight, corrosion resistance and other factors. However, existing aluminum alloy manifolds have obvious shortcomings in terms of strength. In actual use scenarios, especially when facing complex and changeable working conditions such as frequent pressure fluctuations, rapid temperature changes and strong mechanical vibrations, manifolds need to withstand the impact of high-pressure fluids. If the strength is insufficient, it may cause pipeline leakage and lead to leakage of flammable and explosive media, which will not only cause huge economic losses, but also may cause serious safety accidents, threatening the lives of personnel and the surrounding environment.

[0006] In building heating and hot water supply systems, manifolds are exposed to high-temperature, high-pressure water environments for long periods of time. Insufficient strength will significantly shorten the service life of the manifolds. Frequent repairs and replacements not only increase maintenance costs, but also affect the normal use of the building.

[0007] Therefore, according to the above-mentioned related technologies, it is urgent to develop a high-strength aluminum alloy collector. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a high-strength aluminum alloy collector to meet the growing performance requirements in various fields, improve the reliability and stability of the system, and reduce operating risks and maintenance costs.

[0009] Based on the above objectives, the present invention provides a high-strength aluminum alloy collector.

[0010] A high-strength aluminum alloy collector, the collector is a four-layer composite structure, the four-layer composite structure is a corrosion-resistant layer, a buffer layer, a reinforcement layer and a wear-resistant layer from the inside to the outside; The thickness ratio of the corrosion-resistant layer, the buffer layer, the reinforcement layer and the wear-resistant layer is 1.5-2mm: 1-1.5mm: 1.5-2mm: 0.8-1.2mm; A nano coating is deposited on the outer surface of the wear-resistant layer; The material of the corrosion-resistant layer is silicon-aluminum alloy; The material of the buffer layer is aluminum alloy; The material of the reinforcement layer is high-strength aluminum alloy; The material of the wear-resistant layer is high-hardness aluminum alloy; The nano coating is an aluminum alloy composite material reinforced by carbon nanotubes.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation process of the silicon aluminum alloy in the corrosion-resistant layer is as follows: Step A1. Place an aluminum ingot in a smelting furnace, smelt at 720-750° C. until the aluminum ingot is completely melted into a liquid state, add industrial pure silicon, stir at a speed of 100-150 rpm for 20-25 min, then add additive 1, stir at a speed of 120-150 rpm for 15-20 min, and obtain a mixed solution 1; Step A2. Adding mixed gas 1 into the mixed liquid 1, refining at a speed of 100-120rpm for 20-30min, standing for 7-10min after the refining, obtaining a refined liquid 1, casting the refined liquid 1 into a mold preheated to 200-250°C for casting. During the casting process, the casting speed is controlled to be 3-5kg / s. After the casting is completed, the mold is cooled, and the cooling rate is controlled to be 10-15°C / s. After the alloy is completely solidified, it is taken out from the mold to obtain a preliminarily formed silicon-aluminum alloy billet 1; Step A3. The silicon aluminum alloy billet 1 is hot rolled, the billet is heated to 450-500°C, and rolled on a hot rolling mill, the rolling passes are 3-5 times, and the reduction amount of each rolling is controlled at 10%-15%. After hot rolling, cold rolling is performed, the cold rolling passes are 2-3 times, and the reduction amount of each cold rolling is controlled at 5%-8%. The cold-rolled silicon aluminum alloy is cut, stamped, and processed to form a corrosion-resistant layer that meets the size specifications.

[0012] Preferably, the purity of the aluminum ingot in step A1 is ≥99.5%; The mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure silicon and additive 1 in step A1 is 85-92:6-12:0.6-2.8; The additive 1 in step A1 is a mixture of magnesium and manganese in a mass ratio of 0.5-2:0.1-0.8; The mixed gas 1 in step A2 is obtained by mixing argon gas and chlorine gas in a volume ratio of 5:1; The flow rate of the mixed gas 1 in step A2 is controlled to be 0.5-1 L / min.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation process of the aluminum alloy in the buffer layer is as follows: Step B1. Place the aluminum ingot into a resistance melting furnace, heat it to 680-720°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, add industrial pure magnesium, stir it at a speed of 120-180rpm for 20-30min, add additive 2 and flux 1, stir it at a speed of 120-180rpm for 15-20min, and obtain a mixed solution 2; Step B2. Adding mixed gas 2 into the mixed liquid 2, refining at a speed of 100-150rpm for 25-35min, after the refining is completed, standing for 8-12min to obtain refined liquid 2, casting the refined liquid 2 into a mold preheated to 230-280°C, controlling the casting speed to 4-6kg / s, cooling the mold, and controlling the cooling speed to 8-12°C / s to obtain an aluminum alloy billet 2; Step B3. Forging the aluminum alloy billet 2, heating the billet to 480-530°C, forging it 3-5 times on a forging device, controlling the forging ratio at 3-5, and forming a buffer layer that meets the specifications after forging.

[0014] Preferably, the purity of the aluminum ingot in step B1 is ≥99.8%; The purity of the industrial pure magnesium in step B1 is ≥ 99.5%; The mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure magnesium, additive 2 and flux 1 in step B1 is 90-95:3-6:0.1-0.5:0.3-1; The additive 2 in step B1 is obtained by mixing titanium and boron in a mass ratio of 0.05-0.3:0.05-0.2; The flux 1 in step B1 is a mixture of potassium chloride and sodium chloride in a mass ratio of 1-1.2:1.5-3; The mixed gas 2 in step B2 is obtained by mixing argon and chlorine in a volume ratio of 6:1; The gas flow rate of the mixed gas 2 in step B2 is 0.6-1.2 L / min.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation process of the high-strength aluminum alloy in the reinforcement layer is as follows: Step C1. Place the aluminum ingot into an electromagnetic induction melting furnace, heat it to 730-760° C. to completely melt it into a liquid state, add industrial pure copper and industrial pure magnesium, stir at a stirring frequency of 150-200 Hz for 30-40 minutes, then add additive 3, continue stirring at a stirring frequency of 150-200 Hz for 25-30 minutes, and obtain a mixed solution 3; Step C2. Adding mixed gas 3 into the mixed liquid 3, refining at a stirring frequency of 150-200 Hz for 30-40 min, adding flux 2, continuing stirring for 10-15 min, and then standing for 10-15 min, adding sodium salt modifier, stirring at a stirring frequency of 150-200 Hz for 10-12 min, and then keeping warm for 5-10 min to obtain aluminum alloy billet 3; Step C3. Cast the aluminum alloy billet 3 into a mold preheated to 250-300°C at a casting speed of 5-7kg / s, cool the mold at a cooling speed of 12-18°C / s, and take the alloy out of the mold after it is completely solidified. Heat the billet to 500-550°C, roll it on a hot rolling mill for 3-5 times, and control the total rolling deformation to 60%-80%. After hot rolling, heat it to 530-550°C and keep it for 2-3h, perform water-cooling quenching, and then heat the quenched alloy to 150-180°C and keep it for 6-8h. Finally, machine the aluminum alloy according to the design size of the collector to obtain a reinforcement layer.

[0016] Preferably, the purity of the aluminum ingot in step C1 is ≥99.9%; The purity of the industrial pure copper in step C1 is ≥ 99.6%; The purity of the industrial pure magnesium in step C1 is ≥ 99.5%; The mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure copper, industrial pure magnesium, additive 3, flux 2 and sodium salt modifier is 80-90:4-8:2-5:0.1-0.5:0.5-1:0.1-0.3; The additive 3 is a mixture of zirconium and vanadium in a mass ratio of 0.05-0.3:0.05-0.2; The flux 2 is a mixture of potassium chloride and sodium chloride in a mass ratio of 0.1-0.2:0.4-0.8; The mixed gas 3 in step C2 is obtained by mixing argon and chlorine in a volume ratio of 8:1; The gas flow rate of the mixed gas 3 in step C2 is 0.8-1.5 L / min.

[0017] Preferably, the preparation process of the high hardness aluminum alloy in the wear-resistant layer is as follows: Step D1. Place the aluminum ingot in an electromagnetic induction melting furnace, heat it to 750-780°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, introduce argon gas into the furnace, add silicon carbide particles, stir at a stirring frequency of 200-250 Hz for 40-50 minutes, then add industrial pure copper and additive 4, continue stirring for 20-25 minutes, and obtain a mixed solution 4; Step D2. Add the mixed gas 4 into the mixed liquid 4, refine for 35-50 minutes, then add the flux 3, stir evenly and let stand for 12-18 minutes, then add the sodium salt modifier, stir evenly and keep warm for 6-10 minutes to obtain the refined liquid 4, cast the refined liquid 4 into a mold preheated to 280-320°C, control the casting speed to 6-8kg / s, cool the mold after casting, and cool at a cooling rate of 15-20°C / s to obtain the alloy billet 4; Step D3. Heat the alloy billet 4 to 520-560°C, extrude it on a hot extruder with an extrusion ratio controlled at 10-15, heat the alloy to 540-560°C and keep it warm for 2.5-3.5 hours, then quench it in cold water, heat the quenched alloy to 160-190°C and keep it warm for 7-9 hours, and finally machine the alloy according to the size of the collector to obtain a wear-resistant layer.

[0018] Preferably, the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, silicon carbide particles, industrial pure copper, additive 4, flux 3 and sodium salt modifier is 70-85:10-20:3-8:0.1-1:0.6-1.2:0.15-0.35; The purity of the aluminum ingot in step D1 is ≥ 99.9%; The purity of the silicon carbide particles in step D1 is ≥ 99.7%; The purity of the pure copper in step D1 is ≥ 99.5%; The additive 4 in step D1 is obtained by mixing yttrium and boron in a mass ratio of 0.05-0.5:0.05-0.5; In step D2, the flux 3 is potassium chloride, sodium chloride and calcium fluoride in a mass ratio of 25-40:40-60:5-15; The mixed gas 4 in step D2 is obtained by mixing argon and chlorine in a volume ratio of 10:1; The gas flow rate of the mixed gas 4 in step D2 is 1-1.8 L / min.

[0019] Preferably, the preparation process of the nano coating is as follows: Step E1. Add sodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate into deionized water and stir to obtain an electrolyte; Step E2. Immerse the surface of the wear-resistant layer of the collector in a sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 60-80°C and a concentration of 50-80g / L for 10-15min, and then soak it in a nitric acid solution at a temperature of 40-60°C and a concentration of 30-50g / L for 5-10min; Step E3. Place the treated wear-resistant layer of the collector into an electrolytic cell filled with electrolyte, use a stainless steel plate as the cathode, and conduct electricity at a voltage of 250-350V at 8-12A / dm 2 Plasma electrolytic oxidation treatment is carried out at a current density of 20-30°C for 50-70 minutes to form an oxide film with a thickness of 20-30μm; Step E4. Place the carbon nanotubes in a mixed acid solution, ultrasonically treat at 60-80°C for 2-3h, then rinse repeatedly with deionized water until neutral, vacuum dry at 80-100°C for 2-3h, fix the manifold on the sample stage in the reactor, adjust the distance between the sample stage and the gas nozzle to 10-15cm, place the manifold in the reactor, introduce argon as a carrier gas, then heat the reactor to 500-600°C, introduce mixed gas 5, and deposit for 2-3h at 10-20Pa to obtain a nano coating with a thickness of 3-5μm; The mass ratio of sodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate and deionized water in step E1 is 5-10:3-7:5-10:73-87; The mixed acid solution in step E4 is obtained by mixing concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3; The flow rate of argon gas in step E4 is controlled at 50-100 mL / min; In step E4, the concentration of carbon nanotubes in the mixed gas 5 is 0.1-0.3 g / L, and the concentration of the aluminum alloy precursor is 1-3 mol / L; The mass ratio of trimethylaluminum, tetraethylsilane and magnesium acetylacetonate in the aluminum alloy precursor is 40-50:30-40:10-20.

[0020] Preferably, the preparation process of the aluminum alloy collector is as follows: The corrosion-resistant layer, buffer layer, reinforcement layer and wear-resistant layer are processed by milling technology to form main reinforcement ribs distributed in a mesh, obliquely distributed secondary reinforcement ribs and reinforcement rings. The height of the main reinforcement ribs is 1-1.5mm and the width is 0.5-0.8mm. The main reinforcement ribs penetrate the buffer layer, reinforcement layer and wear-resistant layer from the corrosion-resistant layer in sequence to enhance the overall compression and deformation resistance of the collector. The height of the secondary reinforcement ribs is 0.8-1.2mm and the width is 0.4-0.6mm, which are used to improve the torsion and bending resistance of the collector. The thickness of the reinforcement ring is 1-1.5mm and it is set at the key position to further enhance the local strength of the collector. These reinforcement structures not only connect the corrosion-resistant The functions of the corrosion-resistant layer, buffer layer, reinforcement layer and wear-resistant layer can also effectively improve the overall mechanical properties of the collector. At the connection part of the collector, a plug-in connection structure is made by combining mechanical processing and assembly. First, the connecting pipe, sealing rubber ring groove and locking nut groove are made by mechanical processing, and then the sealing rubber ring and locking nut are installed, and finally the reinforcement bushing is inserted. This structure can not only ensure the sealing of the connection part, but also improve the compression and tensile resistance of the connection part, and ensure the reliability of the collector during use. After the corrosion-resistant layer, buffer layer, reinforcement layer and wear-resistant layer are synthesized into the collector, the wear-resistant layer on the surface of the collector is surface treated to obtain a nano coating, and then the aluminum alloy collector is obtained.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention provides a high-strength aluminum alloy collector, which produces a synergistic strengthening effect through the interface bonding between different layers of materials. The silicon aluminum alloy of the corrosion-resistant layer and the aluminum alloy of the buffer layer will form a new strengthening phase at the interface, so that the overall strength and toughness of the collector are further improved, exceeding the original design expectations. In addition, although there are requirements for the purity of raw materials, trace impurities may cause unexpected chemical reactions during complex smelting and processing. For example, when preparing the aluminum alloy of the strengthening layer, extremely trace amounts of other impurity elements interact with additives such as zirconium and vanadium to generate new compounds, which unexpectedly improve the thermal stability of the alloy and still maintain good mechanical properties in high temperature environments.

[0022] The design of the four-layer composite structure and the reinforcement ribs and reinforcement rings may make the stress distribution more uniform than theoretical expectations when subjected to complex stress. For example, under severe vibration conditions in the aerospace field, the synergistic effect of the reinforcement ribs and reinforcement rings can more effectively disperse the internal stress of the collector, reduce the risk of rupture caused by local stress concentration, and greatly improve the reliability of the collector. After plasma electrolytic oxidation treatment and nano-coating deposition, the surface of the collector may unexpectedly acquire certain self-repairing properties. When the surface is slightly worn, the carbon nanotubes and aluminum alloy composite materials in the nano-coating may undergo microstructural changes, fill the tiny defects caused by wear, and extend the service life of the collector, which has broad application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] Embodiment 1: A method for preparing a corrosion-resistant layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy collector comprises the following steps: S1. Mixing magnesium and manganese to obtain an additive 1, wherein the mass ratio of magnesium to manganese is 0.5:0.1; S2. An aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.5% is placed in a smelting furnace, smelted at 720°C until the aluminum ingot is completely melted into a liquid state, industrial pure silicon is added, stirred at a speed of 100 rpm for 20 min, and then additive 1 is added, stirred at a speed of 120 rpm for 15 min to obtain a mixed solution 1, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure silicon and additive 1 is 85:6:0.6; S3. The argon gas and the chlorine gas are mixed in a volume ratio of 5:1 to obtain a mixed gas 1; S4. The mixed gas 1 is introduced into the mixed liquid 1, the flow rate of the mixed gas 1 is controlled to be 0.5L / min, and the mixture is refined at a speed of 100rpm for 20min. After the refining is completed, it is allowed to stand for 7min to obtain a refined liquid 1, and the refined liquid 1 is cast into a mold preheated to 200°C for casting. During the casting process, the casting speed is controlled to be 3kg / s. After the casting is completed, the mold is cooled, and the cooling rate is controlled to be 10°C / s. After the alloy is completely solidified, it is taken out from the mold to obtain a preliminarily formed silicon-aluminum alloy billet 1; S5. The silicon aluminum alloy billet 1 is hot rolled, the billet is heated to 450°C, and rolled on a hot rolling mill, the rolling passes are 3 times, and the reduction amount of each rolling is controlled at 10%. After hot rolling, cold rolling is performed, the cold rolling passes are 2 times, and the reduction amount of each cold rolling is controlled at 5%-6-7-8%. The silicon aluminum alloy after cold rolling is cut, stamped, etc. to form a corrosion-resistant layer that meets the size specifications.

[0025] Embodiment 2: A method for preparing a corrosion-resistant layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy collector comprises the following steps: S1. Mixing magnesium and manganese to obtain an additive 1, wherein the mass ratio of magnesium to manganese is 1:0.3; S2. An aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.5% is placed in a smelting furnace, smelted at 730°C until the aluminum ingot is completely melted into a liquid state, industrial pure silicon is added, stirred at a speed of 120 rpm for 22 minutes, and then additive 1 is added, stirred at a speed of 130 rpm for 17 minutes to obtain a mixed solution 1, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure silicon and additive 1 is 88:8:1.2; S3. The argon gas and the chlorine gas are mixed in a volume ratio of 5:1 to obtain a mixed gas 1; S4. A mixed gas 1 is introduced into the mixed liquid 1, the flow rate of the mixed gas 1 is controlled to be 0.7L / min, and the mixture is refined at a speed of 105rpm for 23min. After the refining is completed, it is allowed to stand for 8min to obtain a refined liquid 1, and the refined liquid 1 is cast into a mold preheated to 220°C for casting. During the casting process, the casting speed is controlled to be 3.5kg / s. After the casting is completed, the mold is cooled, and the cooling rate is controlled to be 12°C / s. After the alloy is completely solidified, it is taken out from the mold to obtain a preliminarily formed silicon-aluminum alloy billet 1; S5. The silicon-aluminum alloy billet 1 is hot-rolled, the billet is heated to 470°C, and rolled on a hot rolling mill with four rolling passes and a reduction of 12% for each rolling. After hot rolling, the billet is cold-rolled three times and a reduction of 6% for each cold rolling. The cold-rolled silicon-aluminum alloy is cut, stamped, and processed to form a corrosion-resistant layer that meets size specifications.

[0026] Embodiment 3: A method for preparing a corrosion-resistant layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy collector comprises the following steps: S1. Mixing magnesium and manganese to obtain an additive 1, wherein the mass ratio of magnesium to manganese is 1.5:0.5; S2. An aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.5% is placed in a smelting furnace, smelted at 740°C until the aluminum ingot is completely melted into a liquid state, industrial pure silicon is added, stirred at a speed of 130 rpm for 24 min, and then additive 1 is added, stirred at a speed of 140 rpm for 18 min to obtain a mixed solution 1, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure silicon and additive 1 is 90:10:2.3; S3. The argon gas and the chlorine gas are mixed in a volume ratio of 5:1 to obtain a mixed gas 1; S4. A mixed gas 1 is introduced into the mixed liquid 1, the flow rate of the mixed gas 1 is controlled to be 0.9 L / min, and the mixture is refined at a speed of 110 rpm for 26 min. After the refining is completed, it is allowed to stand for 9 min to obtain a refined liquid 1, and the refined liquid 1 is cast into a mold preheated to 240 ° C for casting. During the casting process, the casting speed is controlled to be 4 kg / s. After the casting is completed, the mold is cooled, and the cooling rate is controlled to be 14 ° C / s. After the alloy is completely solidified, it is taken out from the mold to obtain a preliminarily formed silicon-aluminum alloy billet 1; S5. The silicon-aluminum alloy billet 1 is hot-rolled, the billet is heated to 480°C, and rolled on a hot rolling mill, the number of rolling passes is 3, and the reduction amount of each rolling is controlled at 14%. After hot rolling, cold rolling is performed, the number of cold rolling passes is 2, and the reduction amount of each cold rolling is controlled at 7%. The silicon-aluminum alloy after cold rolling is cut, stamped, etc. to form a corrosion-resistant layer that meets the size specifications.

[0027] Embodiment 4: A method for preparing a corrosion-resistant layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy collector comprises the following steps: S1. Mixing magnesium and manganese to obtain an additive 1, wherein the mass ratio of magnesium to manganese is 2:0.8; S2. An aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.5% is placed in a smelting furnace, smelted at 750°C until the aluminum ingot is completely melted into a liquid state, industrial pure silicon is added, stirred at a speed of 150 rpm for 25 min, and then additive 1 is added, stirred at a speed of 150 rpm for 20 min to obtain a mixed solution 1, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure silicon and additive 1 is 92:12:2.8; S3. The argon gas and the chlorine gas are mixed in a volume ratio of 5:1 to obtain a mixed gas 1; S4. A mixed gas 1 is introduced into the mixed liquid 1, the flow rate of the mixed gas 1 is controlled to be 1L / min, and the mixture is refined at a speed of 120rpm for 30min. After the refining is completed, it is allowed to stand for 10min to obtain a refined liquid 1, and the refined liquid 1 is cast into a mold preheated to 250°C for casting. During the casting process, the casting speed is controlled to be 5kg / s. After the casting is completed, the mold is cooled, and the cooling rate is controlled to be 15°C / s. After the alloy is completely solidified, it is taken out from the mold to obtain a preliminarily formed silicon-aluminum alloy billet 1; S5. The silicon-aluminum alloy billet 1 is hot-rolled, the billet is heated to 500°C, and rolled on a hot rolling mill, the number of rolling passes is 5, and the reduction amount of each rolling is controlled at 15%. After hot rolling, it is cold-rolled for 3 times, and the reduction amount of each cold rolling is controlled at 8%. The silicon-aluminum alloy after cold rolling is cut, stamped, etc. to form a corrosion-resistant layer that meets the size specifications.

[0028] Embodiment 5: A method for preparing a buffer layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector comprises the following steps: S1. Mixing titanium and boron in a mass ratio of 0.05:0.05 to obtain additive 2; S2. Potassium chloride and sodium chloride are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1.5 to obtain flux 1; S3. Place an aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.8% in a resistance melting furnace, heat it to 680°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, add industrial pure magnesium with a purity of ≥99.5%, stir it at a speed of 120rpm for 20min, add additives and flux 1, stir it at a speed of 120rpm for 15min, and obtain a mixed solution 2, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure magnesium, additives and flux 1 is 90:3:0.1:0.3; S4. The argon gas and the chlorine gas were mixed in a volume ratio of 6:1 to obtain a mixed gas 2; S5. The mixed gas 2 is introduced into the mixed liquid 2, the gas flow rate of the mixed gas 2 is 0.6L / min, and the mixture is refined at a speed of 100rpm for 25min. After the refining is completed, the mixture is allowed to stand for 8min to obtain a refined liquid 2, and the refined liquid 2 is cast into a mold preheated to 230°C, the casting speed is controlled to 4kg / s, and the mold is cooled, and the cooling rate is controlled to 8°C / s to obtain an aluminum alloy billet 2; S6. The aluminum alloy billet 2 is forged by heating the billet to 480° C. and forging it three times on a forging device with a forging ratio controlled at 3. After forging, a buffer layer that meets the specifications is formed.

[0029] Embodiment 6: A method for preparing a buffer layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector, comprising the following steps: S1. Mixing titanium and boron in a mass ratio of 0.1:0.1 to obtain additive 2; S2. Potassium chloride and sodium chloride are mixed in a mass ratio of 1.1:2 to obtain flux 1; S3. Place an aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.8% in a resistance melting furnace, heat it to 690°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, add industrial pure magnesium with a purity of ≥99.5%, stir it at a speed of 140 rpm for 23 min, add additives and flux 1, stir it at a speed of 140 rpm for 17 min, and obtain a mixed solution 2, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure magnesium, additive and flux 1 is 92:4:0.2:0.6; S4. The argon gas and the chlorine gas were mixed in a volume ratio of 6:1 to obtain a mixed gas 2; S5. The mixed gas 2 is introduced into the mixed liquid 2, the gas flow rate of the mixed gas 2 is 0.8 L / min, and the mixture is refined at a speed of 120 rpm for 28 min. After the refining is completed, the mixture is allowed to stand for 10 min to obtain a refined liquid 2, and the refined liquid 2 is cast into a mold preheated to 250° C. The casting speed is controlled to 4.5 kg / s, and the mold is cooled at a cooling rate of 9° C. / s to obtain an aluminum alloy billet 2; S6. The aluminum alloy billet 2 is forged by heating the billet to 500° C. and forging it four times on a forging device with a forging ratio controlled at 4. After forging, a buffer layer that meets the specifications is formed.

[0030] Embodiment 7: A method for preparing a buffer layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector, comprising the following steps: S1. Mixing titanium and boron in a mass ratio of 0.2:0.15 to obtain additive 2; S2. Potassium chloride and sodium chloride are mixed in a mass ratio of 1.2:2.5 to obtain flux 1; S3. An aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.8% is placed in a resistance melting furnace, heated to 700°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, industrial pure magnesium with a purity of ≥99.5% is added, stirred at a speed of 160 rpm for 26 min, an additive and flux 1 are added, and stirred at a speed of 160 rpm for 18 min to obtain a mixed solution 2, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure magnesium, additive and flux 1 is 94:5:0.4:0.8; S4. The argon gas and the chlorine gas were mixed in a volume ratio of 6:1 to obtain a mixed gas 2; S5. The mixed gas 2 was introduced into the mixed liquid 2 at a gas flow rate of 1.0 L / min, and the mixture was refined at a speed of 140 rpm for 30 min. After the refining was completed, the mixture was allowed to stand for 11 min to obtain a refined liquid 2, and the refined liquid 2 was cast into a mold preheated to 260 ° C. The casting speed was controlled to 5 kg / s, and the mold was cooled at a cooling rate of 10 ° C / s to obtain an aluminum alloy billet 2; S6. The aluminum alloy billet 2 is forged by heating the billet to 510° C. and forging it three times on a forging device with a forging ratio controlled at 3. After forging, a buffer layer that meets the specifications is formed.

[0031] Embodiment 8: A method for preparing a buffer layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector comprises the following steps: S1. Mixing titanium and boron in a mass ratio of 0.3:0.2 to obtain additive 2; S2. Potassium chloride and sodium chloride are mixed in a mass ratio of 1.2:3 to obtain flux 1; S3. Place an aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.8% in a resistance melting furnace, heat it to 720°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, add industrial pure magnesium with a purity of ≥99.5%, stir it at a speed of 180 rpm for 30 min, add additives and flux 1, stir it at a speed of 180 rpm for 20 min, and obtain a mixed solution 2, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure magnesium, additives and flux 1 is 95:6:0.5:1; S4. The argon gas and the chlorine gas were mixed in a volume ratio of 6:1 to obtain a mixed gas 2; S5. The mixed gas 2 was introduced into the mixed liquid 2 at a gas flow rate of 1.2 L / min, and the mixed gas 2 was refined at a speed of 150 rpm for 35 min. After the refining was completed, the mixed gas 2 was allowed to stand for 12 min to obtain a refined liquid 2, and the refined liquid 2 was cast into a mold preheated to 280 ° C. The casting speed was controlled to 6 kg / s, and the mold was cooled at a cooling rate of 12 ° C / s to obtain an aluminum alloy billet 2; S6. The aluminum alloy billet 2 is forged by heating the billet to 530° C. and forging it 5 times on a forging device with a forging ratio controlled at 5. After forging, a buffer layer that meets the specifications is formed.

[0032] Embodiment 9: A method for preparing a reinforcement layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector, comprising the following steps: S1. zirconium and vanadium are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.05:0.05 to obtain additive 3; S2. Potassium chloride and sodium chloride are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.1:0.4 to obtain flux 2; S3. Place an aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.9% in an electromagnetic induction melting furnace, heat it to 730°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, add industrial pure copper with a purity of ≥99.6% and industrial pure magnesium with a purity of ≥99.5%, stir at a stirring frequency of 150 Hz for 30 minutes, then add additive 3, and continue stirring at a stirring frequency of 150 Hz for 25 minutes to obtain a mixed solution 3; S4. The argon gas and the chlorine gas were mixed in a volume ratio of 8:1 to obtain a mixed gas 3; S5. A mixed gas 3 is introduced into the mixed liquid 3, the gas flow rate of the mixed gas 3 is 0.8 L / min, and the mixture is refined at a stirring frequency of 150 Hz for 30 min, and then a flux 2 is added, and the stirring is continued for 10 min and then allowed to stand for 10 min, and then a sodium salt modifier is added, and the mixture is stirred at a stirring frequency of 150 Hz for 10 min and then kept warm for 5 min to obtain an aluminum alloy billet 3, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure copper, industrial pure magnesium, additive 3, flux 2 and sodium salt modifier is 80:4:2:0.1:0.5:0.1; S6. Cast the aluminum alloy billet 3 into a mold preheated to 250°C at a casting rate of 5kg / s. Cool the mold at a cooling rate of 12°C / s. After the alloy is completely solidified, take it out of the mold, heat it to 500°C, and roll it on a hot rolling mill for 3 times. The total rolling deformation is controlled at 60%. After hot rolling, heat it to 530°C and keep it for 2h. Perform water-cooling quenching, and then heat the quenched alloy to 150°C and keep it for 6h. Finally, machine the aluminum alloy according to the design size of the collector to obtain a reinforcement layer.

[0033] Embodiment 10: A method for preparing a reinforcement layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector, comprising the following steps: S1. The zirconium and vanadium were mixed in a mass ratio of 0.15:0.1 to obtain an additive 3; S2. Potassium chloride and sodium chloride are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.13:0.5 to obtain flux 2; S3. Place an aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.9% in an electromagnetic induction melting furnace, heat it to 740°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, add industrial pure copper with a purity of ≥99.6% and industrial pure magnesium with a purity of ≥99.5%, stir at a stirring frequency of 170 Hz for 33 minutes, then add additive 3, continue stirring at a stirring frequency of 170 Hz for 27 minutes, and obtain a mixed solution 3; S4. The argon gas and the chlorine gas were mixed in a volume ratio of 8:1 to obtain a mixed gas 3; S5. A mixed gas 3 is introduced into the mixed liquid 3, the gas flow rate of the mixed gas 3 is 1.0 L / min, and the mixture is refined for 33 min at a stirring frequency of 170 Hz, and then a flux 2 is added, and the stirring is continued for 12 min and then allowed to stand for 12 min, and then a sodium salt modifier is added, and the mixture is stirred for 11 min at a stirring frequency of 170 Hz and then kept warm for 7 min to obtain an aluminum alloy billet 3, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, the industrial pure copper, the industrial pure magnesium, the additive 3, the flux 2 and the sodium salt modifier is 83:6:3:0.3:0.7:0.2; S6. Cast the aluminum alloy billet 3 into a mold preheated to 270°C at a casting speed of 6kg / s. Cool the mold at a cooling speed of 14°C / s. After the alloy is completely solidified, take it out of the mold, heat it to 520°C, and roll it on a hot rolling mill for 4 times. The total rolling deformation is controlled at 65%. After hot rolling, heat it to 535°C and keep it for 2.5h. Perform water-cooling quenching, and then heat the quenched alloy to 160°C and keep it for 6.5h. Finally, machine the aluminum alloy according to the design size of the collector to obtain a reinforcement layer.

[0034] Embodiment 11: A method for preparing a reinforcement layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy collector, comprising the following steps: S1. The zirconium and vanadium were mixed in a mass ratio of 0.25:0.15 to obtain an additive 3; S2. Potassium chloride and sodium chloride are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.16:0.7 to obtain flux 2; S3. Place an aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.9% in an electromagnetic induction melting furnace, heat it to 750°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, add industrial pure copper with a purity of ≥99.6% and industrial pure magnesium with a purity of ≥99.5%, stir at a stirring frequency of 190 Hz for 36 minutes, then add additive 3, and continue stirring at a stirring frequency of 180 Hz for 28 minutes to obtain a mixed solution 3; S4. The argon gas and the chlorine gas were mixed in a volume ratio of 8:1 to obtain a mixed gas 3; S5. A mixed gas 3 was introduced into the mixed liquid 3 at a gas flow rate of 1.2 L / min. The mixture was refined for 36 min at a stirring frequency of 180 Hz, and then a flux 2 was added. The mixture was stirred for 13 min and then allowed to stand for 14 min. A sodium salt modifier was added and stirred for 12 min at a stirring frequency of 190 Hz and then kept warm for 9 min to obtain an aluminum alloy billet 3, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure copper, industrial pure magnesium, additive 3, flux 2 and sodium salt modifier was 86:7:4:0.4:0.8:0.25; S6. Cast the aluminum alloy billet 3 into a mold preheated to 280°C at a casting rate of 6kg / s. Cool the mold at a cooling rate of 16°C / s. After the alloy is completely solidified, take it out of the mold, heat it to 540°C, and roll it on a hot rolling mill for 4 times. The total rolling deformation is controlled at 75%. After hot rolling, heat it to 545°C and keep it for 2.8h. Perform water-cooling quenching, and then heat the quenched alloy to 170°C and keep it for 7.5h. Finally, machine the aluminum alloy according to the design size of the collector to obtain a reinforcement layer.

[0035] Embodiment 12: A method for preparing a reinforcement layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector, comprising the following steps: S1. The zirconium and vanadium are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.3:0.2 to obtain an additive 3; S2. Potassium chloride and sodium chloride are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.2:0.8 to obtain flux 2; S3. Place an aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.9% in an electromagnetic induction melting furnace, heat it to 760°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, add industrial pure copper with a purity of ≥99.6% and industrial pure magnesium with a purity of ≥99.5%, stir at a stirring frequency of 200 Hz for 40 minutes, then add additive 3, and continue stirring at a stirring frequency of 200 Hz for 30 minutes to obtain a mixed solution 3; S4. The argon gas and the chlorine gas were mixed in a volume ratio of 8:1 to obtain a mixed gas 3; S5. A mixed gas 3 is introduced into the mixed liquid 3, the gas flow rate of the mixed gas 3 is 1.5 L / min, and the mixture is refined for 40 min at a stirring frequency of 200 Hz, and then a flux 2 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 15 min and then allowed to stand for 15 min, and then a sodium salt modifier is added, and the mixture is stirred for 12 min at a stirring frequency of 200 Hz and then kept warm for 10 min to obtain an aluminum alloy billet 3, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, the industrial pure copper, the industrial pure magnesium, the additive 3, the flux 2 and the sodium salt modifier is 90:8:5:0.5:1:0.3; S6. Cast the aluminum alloy billet 3 into a mold preheated to 300°C at a casting speed of 7kg / s. Cool the mold at a cooling speed of 18°C / s. After the alloy is completely solidified, take it out of the mold, heat it to 550°C, and roll it on a hot rolling mill for 5 times. The total rolling deformation is controlled at 80%. After hot rolling, heat it to 550°C and keep it for 3h. Perform water-cooling quenching, and then heat the quenched alloy to 180°C and keep it for 8h. Finally, machine the aluminum alloy according to the design size of the collector to obtain a reinforcement layer.

[0036] Embodiment 13: A method for preparing a wear-resistant layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy collector, comprising the following steps: S1. Yttrium and boron are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.05:0.05 to obtain additive 4; S2. Potassium chloride, sodium chloride and calcium fluoride are mixed in a mass ratio of 25:40:5 to obtain flux 3; S3. An aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.9% is placed in an electromagnetic induction melting furnace, heated to 750°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, argon gas is introduced into the furnace, silicon carbide particles with a purity of ≥99.7% are added, stirred at a stirring frequency of 200 Hz for 40 minutes, and then industrial pure copper with a purity of ≥99.5% and additive 4 are added, and stirring is continued for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution 4; S4. The argon gas and the chlorine gas were mixed in a volume ratio of 10:1 to obtain a mixed gas 4; S5. A mixed gas 4 is introduced into the mixed liquid 4, the gas flow rate of the mixed gas 4 is 1 L / min, and the mixture is refined for 35 min, and then the flux 3 is added, stirred evenly and allowed to stand for 12 min, and then a sodium salt modifier is added, stirred evenly and kept warm for 6 min to obtain a refined liquid 4, and the refined liquid 4 is cast into a mold preheated to 280 ° C, and the casting speed is controlled to 6 kg / s. After the casting is completed, the mold is cooled at a cooling rate of 15 ° C / s to obtain an alloy billet 4, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, silicon carbide particles, industrial pure copper, additive 4, flux 3 and sodium salt modifier is 70:10:3:0.1:0.6:0.15; S5. Heat the alloy billet 4 to 520°C, extrude it on a hot extruder with an extrusion ratio controlled at 10, heat the alloy to 540°C and keep it for 2.5 hours, then quench it in cold water, heat the quenched alloy to 160°C and keep it for 7 hours, and finally machine the alloy according to the size of the collector to obtain a wear-resistant layer.

[0037] Embodiment 14: A method for preparing a wear-resistant layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy collector, comprising the following steps: S1. Yttrium and boron are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.2:0.2 to obtain additive 4; S2. Potassium chloride, sodium chloride and calcium fluoride are mixed in a mass ratio of 30:45:10 to obtain flux 3; S3. An aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.9% is placed in an electromagnetic induction melting furnace, heated to 760°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, argon gas is introduced into the furnace, silicon carbide particles with a purity of ≥99.7% are added, stirred at a stirring frequency of 220 Hz for 43 minutes, and then industrial pure copper with a purity of ≥99.5% and additive 4 are added, and stirring is continued for 22 minutes to obtain a mixed solution 4; S4. The argon gas and the chlorine gas were mixed in a volume ratio of 10:1 to obtain a mixed gas 4; S5. A mixed gas 4 is introduced into the mixed liquid 4, the gas flow rate of the mixed gas 4 is 1.3 L / min, and the mixture is refined for 40 min, and then the flux 3 is added, stirred evenly and then allowed to stand for 14 min, and then a sodium salt modifier is added, stirred evenly and then kept warm for 8 min to obtain a refined liquid 4, and the refined liquid 4 is cast into a mold preheated to 290 ° C, and the casting speed is controlled to 6.5 kg / s. After the casting is completed, the mold is cooled at a cooling rate of 17 ° C / s to obtain an alloy billet 4, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, silicon carbide particles, industrial pure copper, additive 4, flux 3 and sodium salt modifier is 75:13:5:0.3:0.8:0.25; S5. Heat the alloy billet 4 to 530°C, extrude it on a hot extruder with an extrusion ratio of 12, heat the alloy to 545°C and keep it for 3 hours, then quench it in cold water, heat the quenched alloy to 170°C and keep it for 7.5 hours, and finally machine the alloy according to the size of the collector to obtain a wear-resistant layer.

[0038] Embodiment 15: A method for preparing a wear-resistant layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy collector, comprising the following steps: S1. Yttrium and boron are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.3:0.4 to obtain additive 4; S2. Potassium chloride, sodium chloride and calcium fluoride are mixed in a mass ratio of 35:50:12 to obtain flux 3; S3. Put an aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.9% into an electromagnetic induction melting furnace, heat it to 770°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, introduce argon gas into the furnace, add silicon carbide particles with a purity of ≥99.7%, stir at a stirring frequency of 240 Hz for 46 minutes, then add industrial pure copper with a purity of ≥99.5% and additive 4, continue stirring for 24 minutes, and obtain a mixed solution 4; S4. The argon gas and the chlorine gas were mixed in a volume ratio of 10:1 to obtain a mixed gas 4; S5. A mixed gas 4 is introduced into the mixed liquid 4, the gas flow rate of the mixed gas 4 is 1.6 L / min, and the mixture is refined for 45 min, and then the flux 3 is added, stirred evenly and then allowed to stand for 16 min, and then a sodium salt modifier is added, stirred evenly and then kept warm for 9 min to obtain a refined liquid 4, and the refined liquid 4 is cast into a mold preheated to 300 ° C, and the casting speed is controlled to 7.5 kg / s. After the casting is completed, the mold is cooled at a cooling rate of 19 ° C / s to obtain an alloy billet 4, wherein the mass ratio of aluminum ingots, silicon carbide particles, industrial pure copper, additives 4, flux 3 and sodium salt modifiers is 80:16:6:0.6:1.0:0.30; S5. Heat the alloy billet 4 to 550°C, extrude it on a hot extruder with an extrusion ratio of 14, heat the alloy to 550°C and keep it for 3.5 hours, then quench it in cold water, heat the quenched alloy to 180°C and keep it for 8 hours, and finally machine the alloy according to the size of the collector to obtain a wear-resistant layer.

[0039] Embodiment 16: A method for preparing a wear-resistant layer of a high-strength aluminum alloy collector, comprising the following steps: S1. Yttrium and boron are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.5:0.5 to obtain additive 4; S2. Potassium chloride, sodium chloride and calcium fluoride are mixed in a mass ratio of 40:60:15 to obtain flux 3; S3. An aluminum ingot with a purity of ≥99.9% is placed in an electromagnetic induction melting furnace, heated to 780°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, argon gas is introduced into the furnace, silicon carbide particles with a purity of ≥99.7% are added, stirred at a stirring frequency of 250 Hz for 50 min, and then industrial pure copper with a purity of ≥99.5% and additive 4 are added, and stirring is continued for 25 min to obtain a mixed solution 4; S4. The argon gas and the chlorine gas were mixed in a volume ratio of 10:1 to obtain a mixed gas 4; S5. A mixed gas 4 is introduced into the mixed liquid 4, the gas flow rate of the mixed gas 4 is 1.8 L / min, and the mixture is refined for 50 min, and then the flux 3 is added, stirred and allowed to stand for 18 min, and then a sodium salt modifier is added, stirred and kept warm for 10 min to obtain a refined liquid 4, and the refined liquid 4 is cast into a mold preheated to 320 ° C, and the casting speed is controlled to 8 kg / s. After the casting is completed, the mold is cooled at a cooling rate of 20 ° C / s to obtain an alloy billet 4, wherein the mass ratio of aluminum ingots, silicon carbide particles, industrial pure copper, additives 4, flux 3 and sodium salt modifiers is 85:20:8:1:1.2:0.35; S5. Heat the alloy billet 4 to 560°C, extrude it on a hot extruder with an extrusion ratio of 15, heat the alloy to 560°C and keep it for 3.5 hours, then quench it in cold water, heat the quenched alloy to 190°C and keep it for 9 hours, and finally machine the alloy according to the size of the collector to obtain a wear-resistant layer.

[0040] Embodiment 17: A method for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector comprises the following steps: S1. The corrosion-resistant layer with a thickness of 1.5 mm, the buffer layer with a thickness of 1 mm, the reinforcement layer with a thickness of 1.5 mm and the wear-resistant layer with a thickness of 0.8 mm are processed by milling technology to form main reinforcement ribs distributed in a mesh shape, secondary reinforcement ribs distributed obliquely and reinforcement rings. The height of the main reinforcement ribs is 1 mm and the width is 0.5 mm. The main reinforcement ribs penetrate the buffer layer, the reinforcement layer and the wear-resistant layer from the corrosion-resistant layer in sequence to enhance the overall compression and deformation resistance of the collector. The height of the secondary reinforcement ribs is 0.8 mm and the width is 0.4 mm, which are used to improve the torsion and bending resistance of the collector. The thickness of the reinforcement ring is 1 mm and it is set at the key position to further enhance the local strength of the collector. These reinforcement structures not only connect the corrosion-resistant layer, the buffer layer, the reinforcement layer and the wear-resistant layer, but also play a role in strengthening the local strength of the collector. The effect of the layer can also effectively improve the overall mechanical properties of the collector. At the connection part of the collector, a plug-in connection structure is made by combining mechanical processing and assembly. First, the connecting pipe, the sealing rubber ring groove and the locking nut groove are made by mechanical processing, and then the sealing rubber ring and the locking nut are installed. Finally, the reinforcing bushing is inserted. This structure can not only ensure the sealing of the connection part, but also improve the compression and tensile resistance of the connection part, and ensure the reliability of the collector during use. After the corrosion-resistant layer, the buffer layer, the reinforcing layer and the wear-resistant layer are synthesized into the collector, sodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate are added to deionized water, and the electrolyte is obtained after stirring evenly, wherein the mass ratio of sodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate and deionized water is 5:3:5:73; S2. The wear-resistant layer surface of the collector is immersed in a sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 60°C and a concentration of 50g / L for 10min, and then immersed in a nitric acid solution at a temperature of 40°C and a concentration of 30g / L for 5min; S3. Place the treated wear-resistant layer of the collector into an electrolytic cell filled with electrolyte, use a stainless steel plate as the cathode, and conduct electricity at a voltage of 250V and a current of 8A / dm 2 Plasma electrolytic oxidation treatment was carried out at a current density of 20°C for 50 min to form an oxide film with a thickness of 20 μm. S4. The concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:3 to obtain a mixed acid solution; S5. The trimethylaluminum, tetraethylsilane and magnesium acetylacetonate were mixed in a mass ratio of 40:30:10 to obtain an aluminum alloy precursor; S6. Place the carbon nanotubes in a mixed acid solution, ultrasonically treat at 60°C for 2 hours, then rinse repeatedly with deionized water until neutral, and vacuum dry at 80°C for 2 hours. Fix the collector on the sample stage in the reactor, adjust the distance between the sample stage and the gas nozzle to 10 cm, place the collector in the reactor, introduce argon as a carrier gas, and control the flow rate of argon at 50 mL / min. Then heat the reactor to 500°C, introduce mixed gas 5, and deposit for 2 hours at 10 Pa to obtain a nano-coating with a thickness of 3 μm, wherein the concentration of carbon nanotubes in the mixed gas 5 is 0.1 g / L, and the concentration of the aluminum alloy precursor is 1 mol / L, so as to obtain a high-strength aluminum alloy collector.

[0041] Embodiment 18: A method for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector comprises the following steps: S1. The corrosion-resistant layer with a thickness of 1.7mm, the buffer layer with a thickness of 1.2mm, the reinforcement layer with a thickness of 1.5-1.7-1.9-2mm and the wear-resistant layer with a thickness of 0.9mm are processed by milling technology to form main reinforcing ribs distributed in a mesh shape, secondary reinforcing ribs distributed obliquely and reinforcing rings. The height of the main reinforcing ribs is 1.2mm and the width is 0.6mm. The main reinforcing ribs penetrate the buffer layer, the reinforcement layer and the wear-resistant layer from the corrosion-resistant layer in sequence to enhance the overall compression and deformation resistance of the collector. The height of the secondary reinforcing ribs is 1.0mm and the width is 0.5mm, which are used to improve the torsion and bending resistance of the collector. The thickness of the reinforcing ring is 1.2mm and it is set at the key position to further enhance the local strength of the collector. These reinforcing structures not only connect the corrosion-resistant layer and the buffer layer, but also play a role in strengthening the collector. The role of the corrosion-resistant layer, the reinforcing layer and the wear-resistant layer can also effectively improve the overall mechanical properties of the collector. At the connection part of the collector, a plug-in connection structure is made by combining mechanical processing and assembly. First, the connecting pipe, the sealing rubber ring groove and the locking nut groove are made by mechanical processing, and then the sealing rubber ring and the locking nut are installed. Finally, the reinforcing bushing is inserted. This structure can not only ensure the sealing of the connection part, but also improve the compression and tensile resistance of the connection part, and ensure the reliability of the collector during use. After the corrosion-resistant layer, the buffer layer, the reinforcing layer and the wear-resistant layer are synthesized into the collector, sodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate are added to deionized water, and the electrolyte is obtained after stirring evenly, wherein the mass ratio of sodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate and deionized water is 7:5:7:78; S2. The wear-resistant layer surface of the collector is immersed in a sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 65°C and a concentration of 60g / L for 12min, and then immersed in a nitric acid solution at a temperature of 45°C and a concentration of 35g / L for 6min; S3. Place the treated wear-resistant layer of the collector into an electrolytic cell filled with electrolyte, use a stainless steel plate as the cathode, and conduct electricity at a voltage of 280V and a current of 9A / dm 2The plasma electrolytic oxidation treatment was carried out at a current density of 23°C for 55 min to form an oxide film with a thickness of 25 μm. S4. The concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:3 to obtain a mixed acid solution; S5. The trimethylaluminum, tetraethylsilane and magnesium acetylacetonate were mixed in a mass ratio of 43:33:13 to obtain an aluminum alloy precursor; S6. Place the carbon nanotubes in a mixed acid solution, ultrasonically treat at 65°C for 2.5 hours, then rinse repeatedly with deionized water until neutral, and vacuum dry at 85°C for 2.5 hours. Fix the collector on the sample stage in the reactor, adjust the distance between the sample stage and the gas nozzle to 12 cm, place the collector in the reactor, introduce argon as a carrier gas, and control the flow rate of argon at 70 mL / min. Then heat the reactor to 550°C, introduce mixed gas 5, and deposit for 2.5 hours at 13 Pa to obtain a nano-coating with a thickness of 4 μm, wherein the concentration of carbon nanotubes in the mixed gas 5 is 0.15 g / L, and the concentration of the aluminum alloy precursor is 2 mol / L, so as to obtain a high-strength aluminum alloy collector.

[0042] Embodiment 19: A method for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector comprises the following steps: S1. The corrosion-resistant layer with a thickness of 1.8 mm, the buffer layer with a thickness of 1.4 mm, the reinforcement layer with a thickness of 1.9 mm and the wear-resistant layer with a thickness of 1.1 mm are processed by milling technology to form main reinforcement ribs distributed in a mesh shape, obliquely distributed secondary reinforcement ribs and reinforcement rings. The height of the main reinforcement ribs is 1.4 mm and the width is 0.7 mm. The main reinforcement ribs penetrate the buffer layer, the reinforcement layer and the wear-resistant layer from the corrosion-resistant layer in sequence to enhance the overall compression and deformation resistance of the collector. The height of the secondary reinforcement ribs is 1.1 mm and the width is 0.4 mm, which is used to improve the torsion and bending resistance of the collector. The thickness of the reinforcement ring is 1.4 mm and is set at the key position to further enhance the local strength of the collector. These reinforcement structures not only connect the corrosion-resistant layer, the buffer layer and the reinforcement layer, but also connect the corrosion-resistant layer, the buffer layer and the reinforcement layer. The effect of the corrosion-resistant layer and the wear-resistant layer can also effectively improve the overall mechanical properties of the collector. At the connection part of the collector, a plug-in connection structure is made by combining mechanical processing and assembly. First, the connecting pipe, the sealing rubber ring groove and the locking nut groove are made by mechanical processing, and then the sealing rubber ring and the locking nut are installed. Finally, the reinforcing bushing is inserted. This structure can not only ensure the sealing of the connection part, but also improve the compression and tensile resistance of the connection part, and ensure the reliability of the collector during use. After the corrosion-resistant layer, the buffer layer, the reinforcing layer and the wear-resistant layer are combined into the collector, sodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate are added to deionized water, and the electrolyte is obtained after stirring evenly, wherein the mass ratio of sodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate and deionized water is 9:6:8:82; S2. The wear-resistant layer surface of the collector is immersed in a sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 70°C and a concentration of 70g / L for 14min, and then immersed in a nitric acid solution at a temperature of 50°C and a concentration of 40g / L for 8min; S3. Place the treated wear-resistant layer of the collector into an electrolytic cell filled with electrolyte, use a stainless steel plate as the cathode, and conduct electricity at a voltage of 320V and a current of 10A / dm 2 The plasma electrolytic oxidation treatment was carried out at a current density of 26°C for 60 min to form an oxide film with a thickness of 28 μm. S4. The concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:3 to obtain a mixed acid solution; S5. The trimethylaluminum, tetraethylsilane and magnesium acetylacetonate were mixed in a mass ratio of 46:37:17 to obtain an aluminum alloy precursor; S6. Place the carbon nanotubes in a mixed acid solution, ultrasonically treat them at 70°C for 3 hours, then rinse them repeatedly with deionized water until they are neutral, and vacuum dry them at 90°C for 3 hours. Fix the collector on the sample stage in the reactor, adjust the distance between the sample stage and the gas nozzle to 14 cm, place the collector in the reactor, introduce argon as a carrier gas, and control the flow rate of argon at 80 mL / min. Then heat the reactor to 580°C, introduce mixed gas 5, and deposit for 2 hours at 16 Pa to obtain a nano-coating with a thickness of 3 μm, wherein the concentration of carbon nanotubes in the mixed gas 5 is 0.2 g / L, and the concentration of the aluminum alloy precursor is 2.5 mol / L, so as to obtain a high-strength aluminum alloy collector.

[0043] Embodiment 20: A method for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector, comprising the following steps: S1. The main reinforcing ribs with mesh distribution, the secondary reinforcing ribs with oblique distribution and the reinforcing rings are processed by milling technology between the corrosion-resistant layer with a thickness of 2mm, the buffer layer with a thickness of 1.5mm, the reinforcement layer with a thickness of 2mm and the wear-resistant layer with a thickness of 1.2mm. The height of the main reinforcing ribs is 1.5mm and the width is 0.8mm. The main reinforcing ribs penetrate the buffer layer, the reinforcement layer and the wear-resistant layer from the corrosion-resistant layer in sequence to enhance the overall compression and deformation resistance of the collector. The height of the secondary reinforcing ribs is 1.2mm and the width is 0.6mm, which is used to improve the torsion and bending resistance of the collector. The thickness of the reinforcing ring is 1.5mm and it is set at the key position to further enhance the local strength of the collector. These reinforcing structures not only connect the corrosion-resistant layer, the buffer layer, the reinforcement layer and the wear-resistant layer, but also play a role in strengthening the collector. The effect of the layer can also effectively improve the overall mechanical properties of the collector. At the connection part of the collector, a plug-in connection structure is made by combining mechanical processing and assembly. First, the connecting pipe, the sealing rubber ring groove and the locking nut groove are made by mechanical processing, and then the sealing rubber ring and the locking nut are installed. Finally, the reinforcing bushing is inserted. This structure can not only ensure the sealing of the connection part, but also improve the compression and tensile resistance of the connection part, and ensure the reliability of the collector during use. After the corrosion-resistant layer, the buffer layer, the reinforcing layer and the wear-resistant layer are synthesized into the collector, sodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate are added to deionized water, and the electrolyte is obtained after stirring evenly, wherein the mass ratio of sodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate and deionized water is 10:7:10:87; S2. The wear-resistant layer surface of the collector is immersed in a sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 80°C and a concentration of 80g / L for 15min, and then immersed in a nitric acid solution at a temperature of 60°C and a concentration of 50g / L for 10min; S3. Place the treated wear-resistant layer of the collector into an electrolytic cell filled with electrolyte, use a stainless steel plate as the cathode, and conduct electricity at a voltage of 350V and a current of 12A / dm 2 The plasma electrolytic oxidation treatment was carried out at a current density of 1000 nm and 30°C for 70 min to form an oxide film with a thickness of 30 μm. S4. The concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:3 to obtain a mixed acid solution; S5. The trimethylaluminum, tetraethylsilane and magnesium acetylacetonate were mixed in a mass ratio of 50:40:20 to obtain an aluminum alloy precursor; S6. Place carbon nanotubes in a mixed acid solution, ultrasonically treat at 80°C for 3 hours, then rinse repeatedly with deionized water until neutral, and vacuum dry at 100°C for 3 hours. Fix the collector on the sample stage in the reactor, adjust the distance between the sample stage and the gas nozzle to 15 cm, place the collector in the reactor, introduce argon as a carrier gas, and control the flow rate of argon at 100 mL / min. Then heat the reactor to 600°C, introduce mixed gas 5, and deposit for 3 hours at 20 Pa to obtain a nano-coating with a thickness of 5 μm, wherein the concentration of carbon nanotubes in the mixed gas 5 is 0.3 g / L, and the concentration of the aluminum alloy precursor is 3 mol / L, so as to obtain a high-strength aluminum alloy collector.

[0044] Comparative Example 1: Compared with Example 17, this comparative example does not add a nano coating during the preparation of the high-strength aluminum alloy current collector, and the remaining steps and parameters are the same, which will not be repeated in this comparative example. Finally, a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector is obtained.

[0045] Comparative Example 2: Compared with Example 17, this comparative example does not add a corrosion-resistant layer during the preparation of the high-strength aluminum alloy current collector, and the remaining steps and parameters are the same, which will not be repeated in this comparative example. Finally, a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector is obtained.

[0046] Comparative Example 3: Compared with Example 17, this comparative example did not add a buffer layer during the preparation of the high-strength aluminum alloy current collector, and the remaining steps and parameters were the same, which will not be repeated in this comparative example. Finally, a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector was obtained.

[0047] Comparative Example 4: Compared with Example 17, this comparative example does not add a reinforcement layer during the preparation of the high-strength aluminum alloy current collector, and the remaining steps and parameters are the same, which will not be repeated in this comparative example. Finally, a high-strength aluminum alloy current collector is obtained.

[0048] Comparative Example 5: Compared with Example 17, this comparative example only swaps the order of the "buffer layer" and the "reinforcement layer", and the remaining steps and parameters are the same, which will not be repeated in this comparative example, and finally a high-strength aluminum alloy collector is obtained.

[0049] Comparative Example 6: S1. The corrosion-resistant layer with a thickness of 1.5 mm, the buffer layer with a thickness of 1 mm, the reinforcement layer with a thickness of 1.5 mm and the wear-resistant layer with a thickness of 0.8 mm are processed by milling technology to form main reinforcement ribs distributed in a mesh shape, secondary reinforcement ribs distributed obliquely and reinforcement rings. The height of the main reinforcement ribs is 1 mm and the width is 0.5 mm. The main reinforcement ribs penetrate the buffer layer, the reinforcement layer and the wear-resistant layer from the corrosion-resistant layer in sequence to enhance the overall compression and deformation resistance of the collector. The height of the secondary reinforcement ribs is 0.8 mm and the width is 0.4 mm, which is used to improve the torsion and bending resistance of the collector. The thickness of the reinforcement ring is 1 mm and it is set at the key position to further enhance the local strength of the collector. These reinforcement structures It not only plays the role of connecting the corrosion-resistant layer, buffer layer, reinforcement layer and wear-resistant layer, but also can effectively improve the overall mechanical properties of the collector. At the connection part of the collector, a plug-in connection structure is made by combining mechanical processing and assembly. First, the connecting pipe, the sealing rubber ring groove and the locking nut groove are made by mechanical processing, and then the sealing rubber ring and the locking nut are installed, and finally the reinforcing bushing is inserted. This structure can ensure the sealing of the connection part, and improve the compression and tensile resistance of the connection part, and ensure the reliability of the collector during use. After the corrosion-resistant layer, buffer layer, reinforcement layer and wear-resistant layer are synthesized into the collector, concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid are mixed at a volume ratio of 1:3 to obtain a mixed acid solution; S2. The trimethylaluminum, tetraethylsilane and magnesium acetylacetonate were mixed in a mass ratio of 40:30:10 to obtain an aluminum alloy precursor; S3. Place carbon nanotubes in a mixed acid solution, ultrasonically treat at 60°C for 2h, then rinse repeatedly with deionized water until neutral, vacuum dry at 80°C for 2h, fix the collector on the sample stage in the reactor, adjust the distance between the sample stage and the gas nozzle to 10cm, place the collector in the reactor, introduce argon as a carrier gas, and control the flow rate of argon at 50mL / min. Then heat the reactor to 500°C, introduce mixed gas 5, and deposit for 2h at 10Pa to obtain a nano-coating with a thickness of 3μm, wherein the concentration of carbon nanotubes in the mixed gas 5 is 0.1g / L, and the concentration of the aluminum alloy precursor is 1mol / L, so as to obtain a high-strength aluminum alloy collector.

[0050] Performance test: The high-strength aluminum alloy collectors prepared in Examples 17 to 20 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were subjected to the following performance tests: Hardness: Refer to GB / T230.1-2018 "Rockwell hardness test for metallic materials - Part 1: Test method", use a Rockwell hardness tester, load a main test force of 150kg, and measure the surface hardness of the manifold; Wear resistance: Refer to GB / T12444-2012 "Metallic material wear test method test ring-test block thawing wear test", use the test ring-test block sliding wear test device to test the amount of collector surface wear per unit time under a certain load and sliding speed; Corrosion resistance: refer to GB / T10125-2012 "Artificial atmosphere corrosion test salt spray test", put the manifold into the salt spray test box, spray continuously under 5% sodium chloride solution at 35℃, and record the time when the corrosion point appears; Compressive strength: Refer to GB / T7314-2017 "Metallic Materials Room Temperature Compression Test Method", use a universal material testing machine to apply axial pressure to the collector at a certain loading rate, and record the pressure of the collector when it occurs; Torsional strength: Refer to GB / T10128-2007 "Room temperature torsion test method for metal materials", use a torsion tester to apply torque to the collector, and record the torque when the collector breaks; The results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 project hardness Wear resistance Corrosion resistance Compressive strength Torsional strength Embodiment 17 HRB 90 0.05 mg / h 500h 450MPa 200N·m Embodiment 18 HRB 95 0.04 mg / h 600h 480MPa 220N·m Embodiment 19 HRB 98 0.035mg / h 700h 500MPa 230N·m Embodiment 20 HRB 100 0.03mg / h 800h 520MPa 250N·m Comparative Example 1 HRB 85 0.07 mg / h 400h 400MPa 180N·m Comparative Example 2 HRB 80 0.08 mg / h 300h 380MPa 160N·m Comparative Example 3 HRB 82 0.075 mg / h 350h 400MPa 170N·m Comparative Example 4 HRB 75 0.1 mg / h 200h 350MPa 150N·m Comparative Example 5 HRB 88 0.06 mg / h 450h 430MPa 190N·m Comparative Example 6 HRB 88 0.065mg / h 420h 420MPa 185N·m Data Analysis: Hardness: In Examples 17-20, with the optimization of the structural parameters of each layer and the improvement of the surface treatment process, the hardness is increased from HRB 90 to HRB 100. This is mainly attributed to the strengthening effect of the carbon nanotube-reinforced aluminum alloy composite material in the nanocoating, and the solid solution strengthening and work hardening effects of the alloying elements in each layer structure. For example, trace element additives such as zirconium and vanadium in the reinforcing layer refine the grains and improve the overall hardness. In Example 1, no nanocoating was added, and the hardness dropped to HRB 85, ​​indicating that the nanocoating significantly improved the hardness. Examples 2-4 lacked the corrosion-resistant layer, the buffer layer and the reinforcing layer respectively, and the hardness decreased significantly, indicating that the structure of each layer is crucial to maintaining the hardness of the collector, especially the reinforcing layer, whose reinforcing phases formed by elements such as industrial pure copper and industrial pure magnesium have a significant effect on improving the hardness. In Example 5, the order of the buffer layer and the reinforcing layer was swapped, and the hardness decreased, indicating that the order of the structure of each layer affects the hardness, which may be related to the transmission and distribution of force. Although Comparative Example 6 has a nanocoating, no oxide film is prepared, and the hardness is similar to that of Comparative Example 5, indicating that the synergistic effect of the oxide film and the nanocoating has a certain influence on the hardness improvement. Without the oxide film, the strengthening effect of the nanocoating cannot be fully exerted.

[0051] Wear resistance: The wear amount of Examples 17-20 gradually decreased from 0.05 mg / h to 0.03 mg / h. This is because the friction reduction and anti-wear properties of the nano coating and the supporting and strengthening effects of each layer structure are continuously optimized. For example, the addition of silicon carbide particles in the wear-resistant layer, as well as the oxide film and nano coating formed by the surface treatment process, jointly improve the wear resistance. While in Comparative Example 1, there is no nano coating, and the wear amount is greatly increased to 0.07 mg / h, indicating that the nano coating is a key factor in improving wear resistance. Comparative Examples 2-4 lack each layer structure, and the wear amount increases sharply, especially in Comparative Example 4, which lacks a reinforcement layer, and the wear amount is as high as 0.1 mg / h, indicating that the reinforcement layer provides support for the wear-resistant layer, and the wear resistance is greatly reduced after the loss. The order of Comparative Example 5 changes, and the wear amount increases, indicating that a reasonable structural order is very important for wear resistance, which may affect the stress distribution and wear mechanism. Comparative Example 6 does not prepare an oxide film, and the wear amount is higher than that of Example 17, indicating that the oxide film plays an important role in wear resistance and cooperates with the nano coating to protect the surface of the collector.

[0052] Corrosion resistance: The corrosion resistance of Examples 17-20 is gradually enhanced, and the time for corrosion spots to appear is extended from 500h to 800h. This is due to the dual protection of the ceramic composite oxide film and the nanocoating formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation, which blocks the erosion of the corrosive medium. At the same time, the alloy components of each layer also have a certain corrosion resistance. However, in Comparative Example 1, there is no nanocoating, the corrosion resistance decreases, and the time for corrosion spots to appear is shortened to 400h, indicating that the nanocoating can effectively block the corrosive medium. Comparative Examples 2-4 lack each layer structure, and the corrosion resistance is greatly reduced. Comparative Example 2 lacks the corrosion-resistant layer and directly contacts the corrosive medium. The corrosion resistance is the worst, and corrosion spots appear in only 300h, indicating that the corrosion-resistant layer is the key layer to resist corrosion. The order of Comparative Example 5 is changed, and the corrosion resistance decreases, indicating that the arrangement order of each layer structure affects the penetration path and protection effect of the corrosive medium. Comparative Example 6 does not prepare an oxide film, and the corrosion resistance is lower than that of Example 17, which is 420h, proving that the oxide film plays a basic protective role in corrosion resistance and synergistically improves corrosion resistance with the nanocoating.

[0053] Compressive strength: The compressive strength of Examples 17-20 is increased from 450MPa to 520MPa, which is due to the design of the reinforcement ribs of each layer structure and the reasonable material selection and processing technology. For example, the reinforcement layer is subjected to hot rolling, quenching and aging treatment, which improves the strength and hardness of the material and enhances the compressive resistance of the collector. However, the compressive strength of Examples 2-4 is greatly reduced due to the lack of each layer structure. The compressive strength of Example 4 is only 350MPa due to the lack of a reinforcement layer, indicating that the reinforcement layer plays a key supporting role in compression resistance. The order of Example 5 is changed, and the compressive strength decreases, indicating that the order of each layer structure affects the transfer and distribution of force, and thus affects the compressive strength. Although Examples 1 and 6 have complete structures, the compressive strength is lower than that of the embodiments due to the lack of nano-coating or oxide film treatment, indicating that the surface treatment not only affects the surface properties, but also affects the overall compressive strength by affecting the interface bonding and structural integrity.

[0054] Torsional strength: The torsional strength of Examples 17-20 is increased from 200 N·m to 250 N·m. The structural design of the main reinforcement ribs, secondary reinforcement ribs and reinforcement rings enhances the torsional resistance of the manifold, and the performance optimization of each layer of material also contributes to the improvement of torsional strength. However, Examples 2-4 lack each layer of structure, and the torsional strength is significantly reduced. Example 4 lacks a reinforcement layer, and the torsional strength is the lowest, only 150 N·m, indicating that the reinforcement layer is crucial in resisting torque. The order of Example 5 is changed, and the torsional strength decreases, indicating that the structural order has an impact on torque transmission and resistance. Due to the lack of nano-coating or oxide film treatment, the torsional strength of Examples 1 and 6 is lower than that of the embodiments, indicating that surface treatment has an important influence on the torsional performance of the manifold, which may be achieved by affecting the microstructure of the material and the interface bonding strength.

[0055] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention is limited to these examples. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0056] The present invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-strength aluminum alloy header, characterized in that: The collector is a four-layer composite structure, which is composed of a corrosion-resistant layer, a buffer layer, a reinforcement layer and a wear-resistant layer from the inside to the outside. The thickness ratio of the corrosion-resistant layer, buffer layer, reinforcement layer and wear-resistant layer is 1.5-2mm: 1-1.5mm: 1.5-2mm: 0.8-1.2mm; A nano coating is deposited on the outer surface of the wear-resistant layer; The material of the corrosion-resistant layer is silicon-aluminum alloy; The material of the buffer layer is aluminum alloy; The material of the reinforcement layer is high-strength aluminum alloy; The material of the wear-resistant layer is high-hardness aluminum alloy; The nano coating is an aluminum alloy composite material reinforced by carbon nanotubes.

2. The high-strength aluminum alloy header according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process of the silicon-aluminum alloy in the corrosion-resistant layer is as follows: Step A1. Place an aluminum ingot in a smelting furnace, smelt at 720-750° C. until the aluminum ingot is completely melted into a liquid state, add industrial pure silicon, stir at a speed of 100-150 rpm for 20-25 min, then add additive 1, stir at a speed of 120-150 rpm for 15-20 min, and obtain a mixed solution 1; Step A2. Adding mixed gas 1 into the mixed liquid 1, refining at a speed of 100-120rpm for 20-30min, standing for 7-10min after the refining, obtaining a refined liquid 1, casting the refined liquid 1 into a mold preheated to 200-250°C for casting. During the casting process, the casting speed is controlled to be 3-5kg / s. After the casting is completed, the mold is cooled, and the cooling rate is controlled to be 10-15°C / s. After the alloy is completely solidified, it is taken out from the mold to obtain a preliminarily formed silicon-aluminum alloy billet 1; Step A3. The silicon aluminum alloy billet 1 is hot rolled, the billet is heated to 450-500°C, and rolled on a hot rolling mill, the rolling passes are 3-5 times, and the reduction amount of each rolling is controlled at 10%-15%. After hot rolling, cold rolling is performed, the cold rolling passes are 2-3 times, and the reduction amount of each cold rolling is controlled at 5%-8%. The cold-rolled silicon aluminum alloy is cut, stamped, and processed to form a corrosion-resistant layer that meets the size specifications.

3. The high-strength aluminum alloy header according to claim 2, characterized in that: The purity of the aluminum ingot in step A1 is ≥ 99.5%; The mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure silicon and additive 1 in step A1 is 85-92:6-12:0.6-2.8; The additive 1 in step A1 is a mixture of magnesium and manganese in a mass ratio of 0.5-2:0.1-0.8; The mixed gas 1 in step A2 is obtained by mixing argon gas and chlorine gas in a volume ratio of 5:1; The flow rate of the mixed gas 1 in step A2 is controlled to be 0.5-1 L / min.

4. The high-strength aluminum alloy header according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process of the aluminum alloy in the buffer layer is as follows: Step B1. Place the aluminum ingot into a resistance melting furnace, heat it to 680-720°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, add industrial pure magnesium, stir it at a speed of 120-180rpm for 20-30min, add additive 2 and flux 1, stir it at a speed of 120-180rpm for 15-20min, and obtain a mixed solution 2; Step B2. Adding mixed gas 2 into the mixed liquid 2, refining at a speed of 100-150rpm for 25-35min, after the refining is completed, standing for 8-12min to obtain refined liquid 2, casting the refined liquid 2 into a mold preheated to 230-280°C, controlling the casting speed to 4-6kg / s, cooling the mold, and controlling the cooling speed to 8-12°C / s to obtain an aluminum alloy billet 2; Step B3. Forging the aluminum alloy billet 2, heating the billet to 480-530°C, forging it 3-5 times on a forging device, controlling the forging ratio at 3-5, and forming a buffer layer that meets the specifications after forging.

5. The high-strength aluminum alloy header according to claim 4, characterized in that: The purity of the aluminum ingot in step B1 is ≥ 99.8%; The purity of the industrial pure magnesium in step B1 is ≥ 99.5%; The mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure magnesium, additive 2 and flux 1 in step B1 is 90-95:3-6:0.1-0.5:0.3-1; The additive 2 in step B1 is obtained by mixing titanium and boron in a mass ratio of 0.05-0.3:0.05-0.2; The flux 1 in step B1 is a mixture of potassium chloride and sodium chloride in a mass ratio of 1-1.2:1.5-3; The mixed gas 2 in step B2 is obtained by mixing argon and chlorine in a volume ratio of 6:1; The gas flow rate of the mixed gas 2 in step B2 is 0.6-1.2 L / min.

6. The high-strength aluminum alloy header according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process of the high-strength aluminum alloy in the reinforcement layer is as follows: Step C1. Place the aluminum ingot into an electromagnetic induction melting furnace, heat it to 730-760° C. to completely melt it into a liquid state, add industrial pure copper and industrial pure magnesium, stir at a stirring frequency of 150-200 Hz for 30-40 minutes, then add additive 3, continue stirring at a stirring frequency of 150-200 Hz for 25-30 minutes, and obtain a mixed solution 3; Step C2. Adding mixed gas 3 into the mixed liquid 3, refining at a stirring frequency of 150-200 Hz for 30-40 min, adding flux 2, continuing stirring for 10-15 min, and then standing for 10-15 min, adding sodium salt modifier, stirring at a stirring frequency of 150-200 Hz for 10-12 min, and then keeping warm for 5-10 min to obtain aluminum alloy billet 3; Step C3. Cast the aluminum alloy billet 3 into a mold preheated to 250-300°C at a casting speed of 5-7kg / s, cool the mold at a cooling speed of 12-18°C / s, and take the alloy out of the mold after it is completely solidified. Heat the billet to 500-550°C, roll it on a hot rolling mill for 3-5 times, and control the total rolling deformation to 60%-80%. After hot rolling, heat it to 530-550°C and keep it for 2-3h, perform water-cooling quenching, and then heat the quenched alloy to 150-180°C and keep it for 6-8h. Finally, machine the aluminum alloy according to the design size of the collector to obtain a reinforcement layer.

7. The high-strength aluminum alloy header according to claim 6, characterized in that: The purity of the aluminum ingot in step C1 is ≥ 99.9%; The purity of the industrial pure copper in step C1 is ≥ 99.6%; The purity of the industrial pure magnesium in step C1 is ≥ 99.5%; The mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, industrial pure copper, industrial pure magnesium, additive 3, flux 2 and sodium salt modifier is 80-90:4-8:2-5:0.1-0.5:0.5-1:0.1-0.3; The additive 3 in step C1 is a mixture of zirconium and vanadium in a mass ratio of 0.05-0.3:0.05-0.2; In step C2, the flux 2 is a mixture of potassium chloride and sodium chloride in a mass ratio of 0.1-0.2:0.4-0.8; The mixed gas 3 in step C2 is obtained by mixing argon and chlorine in a volume ratio of 8:1; The gas flow rate of the mixed gas 3 in step C2 is 0.8-1.5 L / min.

8. The high-strength aluminum alloy header according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process of the high hardness aluminum alloy in the wear-resistant layer is as follows: Step D1. Place the aluminum ingot in an electromagnetic induction melting furnace, heat it to 750-780°C to completely melt it into a liquid state, introduce argon gas into the furnace, add silicon carbide particles, stir at a stirring frequency of 200-250 Hz for 40-50 minutes, then add industrial pure copper and additive 4, continue stirring for 20-25 minutes, and obtain a mixed solution 4; Step D2. Add the mixed gas 4 into the mixed liquid 4, refine for 35-50 minutes, then add the flux 3, stir evenly and let stand for 12-18 minutes, then add the sodium salt modifier, stir evenly and keep warm for 6-10 minutes to obtain the refined liquid 4, cast the refined liquid 4 into a mold preheated to 280-320°C, control the casting speed to 6-8kg / s, cool the mold after casting, and cool at a cooling rate of 15-20°C / s to obtain the alloy billet 4; Step D3. Heat the alloy billet 4 to 520-560°C, extrude it on a hot extruder with an extrusion ratio controlled at 10-15, heat the alloy to 540-560°C and keep it warm for 2.5-3.5 hours, then quench it in cold water, heat the quenched alloy to 160-190°C and keep it warm for 7-9 hours, and finally machine the alloy according to the size of the collector to obtain a wear-resistant layer.

9. The high-strength aluminum alloy header according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the aluminum ingot, silicon carbide particles, industrial pure copper, additive 4, flux 3 and sodium salt modifier is 70-85:10-20:3-8:0.1-1:0.6-1.2:0.15-0.35; The purity of the aluminum ingot in step D1 is ≥ 99.9%; The purity of the silicon carbide particles in step D1 is ≥ 99.7%; The purity of the pure copper in step D1 is ≥ 99.5%; The additive 4 in step D1 is obtained by mixing yttrium and boron in a mass ratio of 0.05-0.5:0.05-0.5; In step D2, the flux 3 is potassium chloride, sodium chloride and calcium fluoride in a mass ratio of 25-40:40-60:5-15; The mixed gas 4 in step D2 is obtained by mixing argon and chlorine in a volume ratio of 10:1; The gas flow rate of the mixed gas 4 in step D2 is 1-1.8 L / min.

10. The high-strength aluminum alloy header according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process of the nano coating is as follows: Step E1. Add sodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate into deionized water and stir to obtain an electrolyte; Step E2. Immerse the surface of the wear-resistant layer of the collector in a sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 60-80°C and a concentration of 50-80g / L for 10-15min, and then soak it in a nitric acid solution at a temperature of 40-60°C and a concentration of 30-50g / L for 5-10min; Step E3. Place the treated wear-resistant layer of the collector into an electrolytic cell filled with electrolyte, use a stainless steel plate as the cathode, and conduct electricity at a voltage of 250-350V at 8-12A / dm 2 Plasma electrolytic oxidation treatment is carried out at a current density of 20-30°C for 50-70 minutes to form an oxide film with a thickness of 20-30μm; Step E4. Place the carbon nanotubes in a mixed acid solution, ultrasonically treat at 60-80°C for 2-3h, then rinse repeatedly with deionized water until neutral, vacuum dry at 80-100°C for 2-3h, fix the manifold on the sample stage in the reactor, adjust the distance between the sample stage and the gas nozzle to 10-15cm, place the manifold in the reactor, introduce argon as a carrier gas, then heat the reactor to 500-600°C, introduce mixed gas 5, and deposit for 2-3h at 10-20Pa to obtain a nano coating with a thickness of 3-5μm; The mass ratio of sodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate and deionized water in step E1 is 5-10:3-7:5-10:73-87; The mixed acid solution in step E4 is obtained by mixing concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3; The flow rate of argon gas in step E4 is controlled at 50-100 mL / min; In step E4, the concentration of carbon nanotubes in the mixed gas 5 is 0.1-0.3 g / L, and the concentration of the aluminum alloy precursor is 1-3 mol / L; The mass ratio of trimethylaluminum, tetraethylsilane and magnesium acetylacetonate in the aluminum alloy precursor is 40-50:30-40:10-20.